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Department of Corrections

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Presented by:

Rachael G. Hopkins, LPC, CPCS, CCAADC, CCDP-D, CCS

Substance Abuse Unit Risk Reduction Services

CMPAC – Substance Abuse Overview

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Training Overview

To increase awareness of substance abuse, addiction, recovery, and treatment.

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What does the research say?

• 68% of jail inmates reported symptoms in the year before their admission to jail that met substance dependence or abuse criteria

• Half of all convicted jail inmates were under the influence of drugs or alcohol at the time of offense.

• 16% of convicted jail inmates said they committed their offense to get money for drugs

(Karberg & James, 2005)

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What are the common myths of substance abuse?

• Drug abuse is the same as addiction

• Alcohol is not a drug

• Addiction is a moral weakness

• Abuser/addict must want treatment for it to be successful

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Symptoms of Substance Abuse

Any of the following within 12 months:

1. Unfulfilled obligations at work, school or home.

2. Use occurs in hazardous situations.

3. Substance-related legal problems.

4. Continue use despite social or interpersonal problems.

(DSM IV-TR, 2000)

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Symptoms of Addiction

At least three within 12 months:

1. Tolerance

2. Withdrawal

3. Using more over longer period of time than intended

4. Spending significant time obtaining, using or recovering from use

(DSM IV-TR, 2000)

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Symptoms of Addiction cont.

At least three within 12 months:

5. Unsuccessful attempts to reduce or control use

6. Reducing or eliminating important social, occupational or recreational activities

7. Continuing use despite physical or psychological problems due to use

(DSM IV-TR, 2000)

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Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment For Criminal Justice Populations

Drug addiction is a brain disease that affects behavior

Recovery from drug addiction requires effective treatment, followed by management of the problem over time

Treatment must last long enough to produce stable behavioral changes

Assessment is the first step in treatment

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Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment For Criminal Justice Populations

Tailoring services to fit the needs is important

Drug use during treatment should be carefully monitored

Treatment should target factors associated with criminal behavior

Criminal justice supervision should incorporate treatment planning for drug abusing offenders, and treatment providers should be aware of correctional supervision requirements

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Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment For Criminal Justice Populations

A balance of rewards and sanctions encourages pro-social behavior and treatment participation

Dually-diagnosed offenders often require an integrated treatment approach

Medications are an important part of treatment

Treatment planning should include strategies to prevent and treat chronicmedical conditions

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Addiction and Recovery

Progressive o The symptoms worsen over time.

Chronic o Addiction is a life-long experience.

Incurableo Unable to return to “normal” life.

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Addiction and Recovery

Toleranceo Using more to get same effect

Withdrawalo Physical response to the absence of a drug

Loss of control o Unable to stop or control addictive behavior

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Physical Compulsion

“One is too many, a thousand is never enough!”

Loss of Control

Every substance has its compulsion!o Patterns may look different

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Mental Obsession

Denial is a given

Preoccupation

Knowing vs. Doing

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What is Denial?

Denial is not a river in Egypt

Denial is a given

Deceptive thinking about “control” of drug use should be expected from our offender population

Don’t Even kNow I Am Lying!

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Road Trip to Recovery

Meet them where they are

Understand their denial

Give directions to where they need to go

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Treatment for Offenders

Various types of programs offer help in drug rehabilitation, including: residential treatment (in-patient), out-patient, local support groups, extended care centers, recovery or sober houses, addiction counseling, mental health, and medical care. Some programs offer age- and gender-specific programs.

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American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.

Karberg, J. C. & James, D. J., (2005). Substance dependence, abuse, and treatment of jail inmates, 2002. (NCJ 209588). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment for Criminal Justice Populations - A Research-Based Guide. (NIH Publication No. 11-5316). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

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References

Questions???

Chandra Fussell, Manager, Risk Reduction Services, SA Unitfussec00@dcor.state.ga.us404-617-1517

Rachael G. Hopkins, SSPC, Risk Reduction Services, SA Unithopkir01@dcor.state.ga.us706-819-8927

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