IEEE Activities Related to Online Condition Monitoring

C r a i g P r e u s s – I E E E P E S S U B S C 0 C h a i r – p r e u s s c m @ b v. c o m

On-line condition monitoring value for present and future grids

IEEE

Power & Energy Society (PES)

Substations Committee

SCC0 SCADA

SCD0 T&D Sub Design

SCE0 T&D Sub

Ops

SCIO HV Power Electronics

SCK0 GIS

13 Committees

39 Societies

2

Electric Machinery

Energy Development & Power Generation

Power System Communications

Power System Analysis, Computing and Economics

Power System Instrumentation and Measurements

Power System Relaying

Stationary Battery

Substations

Surge Protective Devices

Switchgear

Transformers

Transmission & Distribution

Hydroelectric Power International Practices

Comp & Analytical Methods

Dist. System Analysis

Intelligent Systems

Rel, Risk and Prob Apps

System Economics

Capacitor Distribution

Power & Energy Society (PES) 3

•C1-- IED Cyber Secur. 1686 •C2– Environment Tests 1613 •C3--SCADA & Auto C37.1 •C4--Time Tag C37.237

SCC0 SCADA

•D1--Elec Clearance 1427 •D2--Cable System 525 •D3--Bus Design 605 •D4--Seismic 693

SCD0 T&D Sub Design

•E1--Community Accpt 1127 •E2--Oil Spill 980 •E3--Fire Prot 979 •E4--Mobile Eqpmt 1268 & Temp Grounds 1246

SCE0 T&D Sub Ops

•I0--HVDC Comssg 1378 & HVDC Reliability 1240 •I1--MV Series 1585 & MV Shunt 1623 •I2--Series Caps 1534 •I4--SVC Spec 1031 & Field Tests 1303

SCIO HV Power Electronics

•K1-- 52 kV C37.122 •K3-- 1-52 kV C37.122.2 •K4--SF6 Handling C37.122.3 •K5--GIL Appl Guide C37.122.4

SCK0 GIS

4

•C5--Function Nos. C37.2 •C6-- Crypto Protocol 1711 •C7-- Time Synch C37.238 •C8--Network Design 1615

•C9--Time Perform 1646 •C12--DNP3 1815 •C13--Test Methods C37.115 •C14--DNP3<->61850 1815.1

•C15--61850 Implem 2030.100 •C16--IPSEC 2030.102.1 •C17--Serial Crypto 1711.3

•D5--Lightning Shield 998 •D6--Flexible Bus 1527 D7--Grounding 80 •D8--Turnkey Sub 1267 •D9--AC/DC System P1818

•C5--Function Nos. C37.2 •C6-- Crypto Protocol 1711 •C7-- Time Synch C37.238 •C8--Network Design 1615

•I5-- VSC Guideline •I8--PEBB 1676 & P1821 •I9--SVC protection

•K7--Bushings C37.017 •K8--SF6 Moist C37.122.5 •K9--GIS Equip Interface C37.122.6 •K11--User Guide C37.122.1

•K12--Spec Guide C37.123

Substations Committee

5

SCC0 Data

Acquisition, Processing, and Control

Systems

DRAFT SCOPE The subcommittee and its working groups and task forces are responsible for treatment of all matters relating to data acquisition, processing and control systems within substations. These systems include transducers, Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs), and communication networks. These matters include the low-level interfaces to and protocols communicating locally and remotely with these systems. Cyber and physical security and the environmental phenomena that can adversely affect these systems are included. The subcommittee supports similar work being done in other standards development organizations working on smart substations.

6

C0

1613 Env and Test Reqs for Comm. Ntwk Devs in Electric Power Subs P1613.1 Env and Test Reqs for Comm. Ntwk Devs in T&D Facilities P1615 Network Communications in Substations 1646 Comm. Delivery Time Performance Requirements for SA P1686 Substation IED Cyber Security Standards P1711.2 Serial SCADA Protection Protocol (SSPP) P1711.3 Secure SCADA Communications Protocol (SSCP) 1815 Electric Power Systems Comms - DNP3 P1815.1 Exchanging info between IEC 61850 and IEEE Std 1815 (DNP3) PC37.1 SCADA and Automation Systems PC37.2 Device Function Numbers, Acronyms, and Contact Designations C37.115 Test Method for Use in the Eval of Msg Comms between IEDs in SA PC37.237 Time Tagging for IEDs – COMTAG PC37.238 Profile for Use of IEEE Std. 1588 PTP in Power System Applications PC37.240 Cyber Security Requirements for SA P2030.100 Implementing IEC 61850 Substation Automation Systems P2030.101 Design and Implmtion of Time Synch Dist Systems for SA P2030.102.1 Interoperability of IPSEC Utilized within Utility Control Systems

• Provides environmental requirements for condition monitoring IEDs inside substations

1613

• Provides environmental requirements for condition monitoring IEDs outside substations

P1613.1

• Recommends how to design networks that connect condition monitoring IEDs to a SAS

P1615

• Provides communication message time performance requirements for condition monitoring IEDs

1646

• Provides specific cyber security requirements for condition monitoring IEDs to implement

P1686

7

• Provides a means to secure condition monitoring IEDs using serial communications

P1711.2 and P1711.3

• Provides a standard communication protocol for condition monitoring IEDs to use

1815

• Provides a means to map condition monitoring data from DNP3 or IEC 61850 and vice versa

P1815.1

• Provides approach for designing a SAS that includes condition monitoring IEDs

PC37.1

• Provides device numbers and acronyms for application to condition monitoring IEDs

PC37.2

8

•Provides test methods for determining condition monitoring IED communication message performance

C37.115

•Provides time stamping requirements for condition monitoring IEDs so performance requirements can be tested

PC37.237

•Provides condition monitoring IEDs with a highly accurate time source (sub microsecond)

PC37.238

•Provides a methodology for utilities to evaluate cyber security requirements for systems containing condition monitoring IEDs

PC37.240

•Provides guidance on issues surrounding the implementation of a 61850-based SAS that may include condition monitoring devices

P2030.100

9

• Provides time synchronization requirements for condition monitoring IEDs and how to properly design that time synchronization system

P2030.101

• Provides a standard implementation of IPSEC for systems that include condition monitoring systems

P2030.102.1

10

So, Where’s the Model? 11

IEC 61850-90-3

• Using IEC 61850 for condition monitoring diagnosis and analysis – GIS – Transformer – LTC – Underground cables – Transmission lines – Aux power systems

• Second draft out for comment 9/20/2013

12

A Perfect Storm

• Recent visit to an American client implementing transformer monitoring

• PEAC 2014 case study on transformer monitoring – Canadian utility paper on

implementing transformer monitoring

• NERC CIP v5

13

A Tale of Two Monitoring Systems

• Both have dedicated data concentrators to collect data from monitoring IEDs – One in the control house – One in a transformer cabinet

• Both have fiber to transformer – One has a cable of two strands of fiber – One has a twelve strand cable terminated to patch

panels • Protocols

– Both use DNP3, one TCP/IP the other serial – One also uses Modbus TCP

14

A Tale of Two Monitoring Systems • Integration

– One sends data back to SCADA with a local HMI for transformer alarms

– One will only be polled by SCADA so data can get to a historian

– One uses local I/O and IEDs, the other uses just IEDs – Both collect data from gas monitor, temperature monitor,

bushing monitor; one adds an LTC controller • Security

– Both provide no security between the control house and transformer cabinet equipment

– One is disconnected because of NERC CIP concerns

15

Observations

• Both implemented transformer monitoring systems as mini-SCADA systems (mini-SAS)

• Both see transformer monitoring as non-critical from a security standpoint – Isolated networks – No understanding of how their systems can be

leveraged for cyber and/or infrastructure attacks

16

Observations

• NERC CIP v5 BES Cyber Assets – Cyber Assets that, if rendered unavailable, degraded,

or misused, would adversely impact the reliable operation of the BES within 15 minutes of … compromise.

– Discrete assets can be combined into systems whose impact is designated as high, medium, or low impact based upon specific functions or point system

• Neither used concepts or processes in IEEE C37.1 to create their designs

• Use of Modbus is still prevalent in condition monitoring devices

17

What is missing or can be improved ? On-line Condition Monitoring Value for Present and Future Grids

• Standards or guides – Utilities have standards developed in IEEE PES

SUBS to help with condition monitoring system design and device requirements

– IEC 61850-90-3 is developing models – Monitoring systems being installed today can

benefit from IEEE Std C37.1 – Vendors can use requirements to add or improve

functionality in their devices