The famous and the infamous have called Deadwood and the Black Hills home over the last several centuries. Lewis and Clark, Wild Bill Hickok, Wyatt Earp, George Armstrong Custer, Poker Alice and the Sundance Kid. Calamity Jane, and many others have all passed through here in search of fortune and adventure.But long before the arrival of the white man, the land was home to the Cheyenne, Kiowa, Pawnee, Soux or Lakota Indians. The Soux, who migrated from Minnesota in the 1700's, dominated a tract of land large enough to support the buffalo herds on which they subsisted.

Deadwood and the Black Hills of the Dakotas

Placer Mining for Gold

Village of the Lakota Sioux Indians

The Cowboy

A deer hunt near Deadwood in winter 1887 and '88

Deadwood Central Railroad

Surveyors

Deadwood Central Railroad Engineer Corps, showing a group of Surveyors. It was created in 1888 by Grabill, John C. H., photographer.

The photograph presents Outdoor group portrait of ten railroad engineers and a dog, posing with surveyors' transits on tripods and measuring rods, on the side of a mountain. Most of the men are sitting; all are wearing suits and hats.

Miners Panning for Gold in the Dakota Territory

Western Stagecoach

Cheyenne Indians

"Hotel Minnekahta," Hot Springs , Dakota Territory

Stagecoaches of the Old West

Lakota Sioux Indian Camp

Saw Mill Interior at Terraville, Dakota Territory

The champion Chinese Hose Team of America, who won the great Hub-and-Hub race at Deadwood, Dakota., July 4th, 1888.

The photograph illustrates Twelve member team of Chinese ""hose"" runners posed in uniform.

"Comanche,"a stallion, The only survivor of the Custer Massacre, 1876

Indian Fighters from the US Army Infantry

"The Deadwood Coach" Side view of a stagecoach; formally dressed men sitting in and on top of coach. 1889. Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.

Wild Buffalo on the Plains

Between 1887 and 1892, Grabill sent 188 photographs — taken using an early technique that used albumen, or egg white, to bind together the chemicals .Deadwood in South Dakota was founded shortly after the discovery of gold in the neighbouring Black Hills in 1876. Miners flocked to the town and its population quickly grew to 5,000, the wagon trains brought in not only supplies but gamblers, prostitutes and gunfighters.

Rebel: A native American named Little, leader of the Oglala band, started the 1890 Indian Revolt at Pine Ridge

He sat for this studio portrait  between two Euro-Americans

"Hostile Indian camp" Bird's-eye view of a large Lakota camp of tipis, horses, and wagons. 1891

Title: At the Dance. Part of the 8th U.S. Cavalry and 3rd Infantry at the great Indian Grass Dance portrait of Big Foot‘s band and federal military men on the Cheyenne River, S.D.--

Large bull train of oxen and three wagons on its way to the Black Hills . 1890

Title: Freighting in "The Black Hills". Photographed between Sturgis and Deadwood Full view of ox trains, between Sturgis and Deadwood, S.D. 1891

Happy band: Mining engineers with their wives and a couple of tame deer get together for an impromptu campside musical concert

"Red Cloud and American Horse."

The two most noted Oglala chiefs”,

"Signal Rock." Elk Canyon on Black Hills & Ft. P. R.R. It was made in 1890 by Grabill, John C. H., photographer.

The photo illustrates Rock formation on the right of railroad track which curves into distance; trees, mountains in background

Signal Rock

Mess scene on "round up". It was made in 1887 by Grabill, John C. H., photographer.

The photo documents Cowboys eating near chuckwagon; small groups of horses and cattle in campsite.

Bullchief Ford a Crow Warrior..The picture presents Bullchief wearing his warbonnet, crossing a shallow rapids on horseback. This is a dramatic presentation of an authentic Native American

Three Cowboys with a roped Buffalo

A stunning image of Wells Fargo Express Company. Deadwood Treasure Wagon and Guards with $250,000 gold bullion from the Great Homestake Mine, Deadwood, S.D., 1890.The image shows Five men, holding rifles, in a horse-drawn, uncovered wagon on a country road.

Indian chiefs and U.S. officials at Pine Ridge, South Dakota, Features . " Wild Bill" Cody standing in the Center. The illustration documents Group of Euro-American and Lakota (Bruleacute, Miniconjou, and Oglala) men standing and sitting in two rows in front of tipis.

Wagon Tain and horseResting on a trail in the badlands.

Freighting in "The Black Hills". Photographed between Sturgis and Deadwood Full view of ox trains, between Sturgis and Deadwood, S.D. 1891

Deadwood became famous as the site of Wild Bill Hickok's murder in 1876. Deadwood is the final resting place of Wild Bill, Calamity Jane, Seth Bullock, and many other colorful characters of the Wild West. The Black Hills went on to be the richest single gold mining district in the United States, eventually producing over 25 million ounces of gold.

Born in Princeton, Missouri on May 1, 1852 as Martha Cannary, she would later grow up to look and act like a man, shoot like a cowboy, drink like a fish, and exaggerate the tales of her life to any and all who would listen.

Calamity Jane

Wild Bill Hickok

John C. H. Grabill was an American photographer. Little is known about his work. From 1886 to 1892 he was active in Deadwood, Dakota Territory. He is best known for the 188 photographs he sent to the Library of Congress. His work documents the frontier life in Colorado, South Dakota, and Wyoming. His photographs of Pine Ridge during the aftermath of Wounded Knee are most remarkable.

Photographs:

Music: The Condor

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