Old Stellar Populations. VI. Absorption-Line Spectra of Galaxy ...
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Transcript of Old Stellar Populations. VI. Absorption-Line Spectra of Galaxy ...
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!<% *+,-)NL � +45%\ /3/1%: F#/ 42: +4#>>3 5%/+$4%5 12 +4,>85% /+\ 5+�%"%41 :2>%,8>#" .#45/� [D PAB = 1<% G .#45 � � � = M $� = M $� � M$ � = #45 1F2 ! +( .#45/� ;>8/ PD 5+�%"%41 . >%45/27 #12: +, #./2";1+24 >+4%/ � !<% [& +45%\ = +41"2 58,%5 +4 S#;%" % = +/ # 0#"+#41 27 1<% 2"+$ +4#> [ � +45%\ F +1< # /<2"1%" . >8% /+5%.#45 12 #02+5 � � � 9 >24$ F +1< 1<% <+$<%"Q2"5%" 6#>:%" >+4%/;"%/%41%5 +4 H2"1<%3 $ (11#0 +#4+ �P@@V� = F% . %>+%0% F% <#0% %\1"#,1%5 #>> 27 1<% 8/%78> #./2";1+247%#18"%/ 7"2: 1<% *+,-)NL � /1%>>#" #45 $#>#\3 /; %,1"# �
H% 421% <%"% 1<% "%,%41 F2"- 27 !"+; +,,2 $ 6%>> �P@@A� = F<2 :25%>>%5 1<% *+,-)NL � /3/1%:8/+4$ /341<%1+, /1%>>#" /; %,1"# � !<%3 72845 1<#1 : #43 27 1<% *+,-)NL � +45+,%/ 52 421 +4 7#,1:%#/8"% 1<% #.845#4,%/ 27 1<% %>%:%41/ 72" F<+,< 1<%3 F%"% 4#:%5 � 2>8:4 C 27 !#.>% U5%/,"+. %/ 1<%+" "%/8 >1/ = +4 2"5%" 27 1<% :2/1 /+$4+# ,#41 ,241"+.81+4$ %>%:%41 � !2 "%1#+4 ,2472": +13F +1< ;"%0 +28/>3 ;8.>+/<%5 /185+%/ F% <#0% ,<2/%4 421 12 "%4#:% :2/1 27 1<% *+,-)NL � +45+,%/ 72"1<%+" ;"+: #"3 ,241"+.812" � �2F%0%" = 72 >>2F +4$ H2"1<%3= !"#$%" $ R#. %" �P@@C� = F% <#0% "%4#:%51<% R%DCCO +45%\ �&� ��� �
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F#0%>%4$1< /<+71/ #45 /1"%1,<%/ �27 2"5%" Ped f9 � #45 #>/2 7"2: 1<% �/2:%1+:%/ 84-42F4 � /3/1%: +,"#5+#> 0%>2 ,+1+%/ 27 1<% $#>#\ +%/ 1<%: /%>0%/ � N45+,%/ F%"% :%#/8"%5 #812: #1+,#>>3 8/+4$ 1<% ;"2$"#:9'!(N[L� F"+11%4 .3 W � W � G24? X#>%? #45 G � H2"1<%3� !<+/ ;"2$"#: .%$+4/ .3 >2 ,#1+4$ [# L�,%41"2+5 #//8:%5 #1 AO@D f9 � #45 1<% G .#45 �,%41"2+5 #//8:%5 #1 DdBC f9 � 2" = 72" # 7%F $#>#\ +%/F +1< 0%"3 /1"24$ 6#>: %" >+4%/ = �� �,%41"2+5 #//8:%5 #1 DdDB f9 � � N1 1<%4 "%:20%/ #43 $>2.#>F#0%>%4$1< /<+71 #45 /1"%1,< = +4,>85+4$ 1<% %�%,1/ 27 1<% /3/1%: +, 0%>2 ,+13� *2 ,#> F#0%>%4$1< /<+71/#1 %#,< +45%\ #"% ,#>,8 >#1%5 .3 ,"2//Q,2""%>#1+4$ 1<% $#>#\3 /; %,1"8: F +1< # 1%:;>#1% /; %,1"8: +41<% "%$+24 #"2845 %#,< +45%\ � R2" $#>#\ +%/ = # ' B $+#41 1%:;>#1% +/ $%4%"#>>3 8/%5 = .81 2 ,,#/+24#>>3#4 RA 5F#"7 1%:;>#1% +/ 8/%5 72" $#>#\ +%/ F +1< 0%"3 /1"24$ 6#>:%" >+4%/ �
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�84 ,2""%,1+24/ 72" 1<% $#>#\ +%/ #>/2 5+�%" 7"2: 1<2/% 5%/,"+. %5 72" /1#"/ +4 S#; %" % � �1#"/#>F#3/ <#0% 4%#">3 ?%"2 0%>2 ,+1+%/ = #45 1<%+" 7%#18"%/ 2 ,,8;3 1<% /#:% NL � ,<#44%>/ 24 # $+0%4"84 � N1 F#/ 1<%"%72"% 72845 12 . % #50#41#$%28/ 12 #;; >3 /:#>> #55+1+0% ,2""%,1+24/ 12 #>> +45+,%/ 12,2""%,1 72" /:#>> 0#"+#1+24/ +4 ,241+488: /<#; % #45)2" "%/2>81+24 72" 1<#1 "84 � G#>#\ +%/ <2F%0%"2 ,,8;3 5+�%"%41 ,<#44%>/ 58% 1<%+" 0#"3 +4$ "#5+#> 0%>2 ,+1+%/ = : #-+4$ 1<% /1%>>#"Q5%"+0%5 ,241+488:/<#; % ,2""%,1+24/ +40#>+5 � �%4,% = 1<% 72 >>2F +4$ /,<%: % F#/ #52;1%5 = #,,2"5+4$ 12 1<% 0%>2 ,+132� /%1 27 # $#>#\3 7"2: 1<% /1#"/ � $>2.8>#" ,>8/1%"/ #45 $#>#\ +%/ F +1< �� � dBB -: /� � �+ �% �= *2 ,#>G"28; $#>#\ +%/� <#5 /1%>>#" "84 ,2""%,1+24/ #;;>+%5 72" #>> +45+,%/ � $#>#\ +%/ F +1< dBB � �� � PB BBB-: /� � <#5 /1%>>#" "84 ,2""%,1+24/ #;;>+%5 24>3 12 1<% ."2#5 :2>%,8>#" +45 +,%/ :%#/8"%5 +4:#$4+185%/ � #45 $#>#\ +%/ F +1< �� � PB BBB -: /� � <#5 42 "84 ,2""%,1+24/ #;;>+%5 �
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1<% #1Q#%>5 ,#>+."#1+24 27 1<% NL � <#5 >+: +1%5 #,,8"#,3� 9 1<2"28$< -42F >%5$% 27 1<% %""2"/ +/%//%41+#> 12 1<% ;"2; %" 8/% 27 1<%/% 5#1# � !<% %""2" %/1+: #1%/ 5%"+0%5 <%"% F +>> . % 8/%5 +4 >#1%";#; %"/ 12 /+:8>#1% 1<% #./2";1+24Q>+4% 5#1# #45 1%/1 1<% /+$4 +#,#4,% 27 #43 ,24,>8/+24/ �
!<% NL � F#/ 421 # 1"8% ;<2124Q,2841+4$ 5%1%,12" � !<+/ : #-%/ %/1+: #1+24 27 84,%"1#+41+%/5+� ,8>1 = #/ 1<% %""2"/ #"% 421 /1"+,1>3 ;<2124 ,2841+4$ /1#1+/1+,/ � H% ;"%/%41 +4 1<+/ /%,1+24 #."+%7 20%"0 +%F 27 1<% /1%;/ "%�8+"%5 12 5%"+0% "%#/24#.>% %""2" %/1+: #1%/ 72" $#>#\3 *+,-)NL � +45%\:%#/8"%:%41/ � 9 ,2:;>%1% 5 +/,8//+24 27 1<% %""2" %/1+: #1%/ ;"%/%41%5 <%"% :#3 . % 72845 +4!"#$%" �P@@V� �
N4 1<% NL � = >+$<1 7"2: 1<% /; %,1"2$"#;< 7%>> 24 # /%"+%/ 27 1<"%% +: #$%Q18. % ;<212 ,#1<25%/ =F<+,< #:;>+#%5 1<% /+$4#> .3 #. 281 PB� � !<% #:;>+#%5 >+$<1 7%>> 24 # ;<2/;<2" /,"%%4 = F<+,<<%>5 1<% >+$<1 >24$ %428$< 72" #4 +:#$% 5+//%,12" 12 /,#4 #45 5+$+1+?% 1<% +: #$% . %72"% +1 7#5%5��2. +4/24 $ H#:;>%" P@VU� � �#,< +4,+5%41 ;<2124 ;"258,%5 # .8"/1 27 13; +,#>>3 /%0%4 12 1%45%1%,1%5 ;<2124/ ,20%"+4$ � @ f9 �V ,<#44%>/� +4 1<% 5+$ +1+?%5 /,#4 � '4,%"1#+41+%/ +4 1<% /; %,1"##"+/% 7"2: 1<"%% /28",%/ � �P� +4;81 ;<2124 /<21 42+/% = �U� 1<% /1#1+/1+,/ 27 1<% #:;>+#,#1+24 ;"2 ,%// =#45 �d� #1Q#%>5+4$ %""2"/ � !<+/ >#/1 42+/% /28",% +/ 58% 12 1<% :20%:%41 27 1<% /; %,1"8: 27 1<%# "/1 ;<212 ,#1<25% = ,#8/%5 .3 +4/1"8:%41 %\8"% = #45 :20%:%41 27 1<% #:;>+#%5 /; %,1"8: = ,#8/%5.3 /1"#3 :#$4%1+, #%>5/ #�%,1+4$ 1<% : #$4%1+,#>>3Q72 ,8/%5 +: #$%Q18. %/ #45 +:#$% 5+//%,12" � 9 /# "%/8>1 = #1Q#%>5 /; %,1"# 1#-%4 #1 5+�%"%41 1%>%/,2; % >2 ,#1+24/ #45 ;2/+1+24 #4$>%/ 52 421 5 +0+5%; %"7%,1>3 .81 "#1<%" /<2F >2FQ>%0%> 8458>#1+24/ # 7%F ,<#44%>/ F +5% �
!<% %�%,1 27 1<%/% 1<"%% 42+/% /28",%/ 24 1<% ;2F%" /; %,1"8: +/ 5+/,8//%5 +4 L#>>% ("% %1 #> ��P@@ P� = S#; %" % = #45 !"#$%" �P@@V� � 91 >2F 7"%�8%4,+%/ 1<% 42+/% +/ 52: +4#1%5 .3 #1Q#%>5+4$%""2"/ �#1 <+$< ,2841/� #45 ;<2124 /<21Q42+/% #45 1<% /1#1+/1+,/ 27 1<% NL� .8"/1 #:;>+#,#1+24;"2 ,%// �#1 >2F ,2841/� � 91 < +$< 7"%�8%4,+%/ 1<% 42+/% +/ 52: +4#1%5 .3 #1Q#%>5+4$ %""2"/ �0%"3<+$< ,2841/� #45 ;<2124 /1#1+/1+,/ �>2F #45 :25%"#1% ,2841/� � !<% "%/8 >1#41 ; 2F%" /; %,1"8:,<#4$%/ /<#; % F +1< ,2841 >%0%> = #/ /<2F4 /,<%:#1+,#>>3 .3 !"#$%" �P@@V� � N4 $#>#\3 /; %,1"# =;<2124 /1#1+/1+,/ 1%45 12 . % 1<% 20%"#>> 52: +4#41 42+/% /28",% = #/ 2;;2/%5 12 1<% /1%>>#" /; %,1"#�S#; %" % � #45 1<% < +$<%/1Q/+$4#>Q12Q42+/% $#>#\ +%/ � �� �� MdP #45 M dU� = +4 F<+,< #1Q#%>5+4$%""2"/ 52: +4#1% �
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N4 2"5%" 12 ."+4$ 1<% F +5%Q/>+1 $#>#\3 2./%"0#1+24/ +4 !#.>% PB 2412 1<% * +,-)NL � /3/1%: = #,2""%,1+24 72" />+1F +51< ."2#5%4+4$ F#/ :#5% 1<#1 F#/ /+: +>#" 12 1<% 0%>2 ,+13 5+/; %"/+24 ,2""%,1+24 �R +$8"% C /<2F / # ;>21 27 1<% ' $+#41 /1#45#"5 /1#" +45+,%/ :%#/8"%5 1<"28$< F +5% />+1/ #/ #784,1+24 27 />+1 F +51< �,2:;#"% 12 R +$8"% d� � (./%"0#1+24/ 1<"28$< P � OQ #45 U � UQ />+1/ F%"% ] 85$%58/#. >% F +1<281 4%%5 72" ,2""%,1+24 � R2" 2./%"0#1+24/ 1<"28$< 1<% d � DQ = A � DQ = #45 V � DQF +5% />+1/ =1<% :%5+#4 0#>8%/ 27 1<% ' $+#41 "#1+2/ 27 :%#4 +45%\ /1"%4$1< 1<"28$< 1<% 42: +4#> />+1 12 1<%F +5%Q/>+1 +45%\ /1"%4$1</ F%"% 8/%5 12 ,2""%,1 1<% +45%\ 0#>8%/ #45 "#F %""2"/ � !<%/% :8>1+; >+,#1+0%,2""%,1+24/ #"% >+/1%5 +4 !#.>% PP� !<% /1"%4$1</ 27 #DUUV = #DDAA = R%DAd P= �� = R%AB PA = R%AddA =R%ADBC = R%AVB@ = #45 R%AVOU F%"% #>> ] 85$%5 12 . % 848/#. >% 72" 2./%"0#1+24/ 1<"28$< 1<% V � DQF +5%/>+1 58% 12 1<% >#"$% 5+/; %"/+24 +4 1<% ' $+#41 "#1+2/ 27 R +$8"% C � !<%/% +45 +,%/ #"% 421 >+/1%5 72"1<+/ #; %"18"% +4 !#.>% PB �
�2:% +45%\ :%#/8"%:%41/ #"% : +//+4$ 7"2: !#.>%/ Ve PB � !<%"% #"% #0% ; 2//+. >% "%#/24/ ��P� !<% /; %,1"#> ,20%"#$% 27 1<% NL� /3/1%: F#/ 421 ,24/+/1%41 1<"28$<281 #>> "84/ = #45 1<% [+45+,%/ 2" ! +( +45+,%/ :#3 421 <#0% . %%4 2./%"0%5 �1<+/ +/ :2"% >+-%>3 72" $#>#\ +%/ 2./%"0%5 24>324,% � � �U� �;<%:%"#> 7%#18"%/ ,#8/%5 .3 .8.. >%/ +4 1<% +::%"/+24 2+> 27 1<% ;<212:8>1+; >+%" ,<#+4
e PV e
:#3 <#0% ,241#: +4#1%5 ,%"1#+4 +45%\ :%#/8"%: %41/ � �d� !<% /3/1%: +, 0%>2 ,+13 27 1<% $#>#\3 :#3<#0% :20%5 1<% "%55%/1 +45+,%/ �!+( � #45 ! +(& � 281 27 1<% /; %,1"#> "#4$% 27 1<% NL � /3/1%: ��D � N41"+4/+, %: +//+24 /8,< #/ �� 2" �( ���� �ABBV +4 1<% $#>#\3 :#3 <#0% ,241#: +4#1%5 # ,%41"#>.#45;#// 2" /+5%.#45 � H% <#0% ,8>>%5 1<% :2/1 2.0+28/ %\#:;>%/ 27 %: +//+24 ,241#: +4#1+24 = .81/8.1>% ,241#: +4#1+24 "%:#+4/ � ' /%"/ 27 1<%/% 5#1# /<28>5 . % #F#"% 27 1< +/ � �A� S22">3Q/8.1"#,1%54+$<1Q/-3 >+4%/ ,241#: +4#1%5 ,%"1#+4 +45+,%/ � !#.>% PU ;"%/%41/ # >+/1 27 +45+,%/ ;2//+. >3 #�%,1%5.3 "%/+58#> ,241#: +4#1+24 7"2: ;22" 4+$<1Q/-3 /8.1"#,1+24 �
� � ` ���!<+/ ;#; %" ;"%/%41/ 1<% ,2:;>%1% 5#1#.#/% 27 * +,-)NL � #./2";1+24Q>+4% +45%\ /1"%4$1</ 72"
$#>#\ +%/ #45 $>2.8>#" ,>8/1%"/ � !<+/ 5#1#.#/% /8; %"/%5%/ #>> ;"%0+28/>3 ;8.>+/<%5 *+,-)NL � 5#1#24 1<%/% 2.] %,1/ � !<% * +,-)NL � $#>#\3 5#1# #"% #:24$ 1<% >#"$%/1 ,2>>%,1+24 27 <2:2$%4%28/#./2";1+24Q>+4% /1"%4$1</ 72" /1#"/ #45 $#>#\ +%/ ,8""%41>3 #0#+>#. >% �
H% <#0% "%0 +%F%5 1<% :%#/8"%:%41 27 * +,-)NL � +45+,%/ 7"2: NL� /; %,1"# #45 ,<#"#,1%"+?%51<% %""2"/ � !<% >%0%> 27 "%:#+4+4$ /3/1%:#1+, 84,%"1#+41+%/ +/ 5+/,8//%5 � H% #>/2 ;"%/%41 72" 1<%# "/1 1+: % 1<% ,2""%,1+24 27 * +,-)NL � #./2";1+24Q>+4% /1"%4$1</ 72" 0%>2 ,+13 5 +/; %"/+24 � �8,< #,2""%,1+24 +/ # ,"8,+#> /1%; 12 ,2:;#"% * +,-)NL� $#>#\3 #./2";1+24Q>+4% /1"%4$1</ 12 :25%>/ 27/1%>>#" ;2;8>#1+24/ .#/%5 24 1<% * +,-)NL� /1%>>#" >+."#"3 �H2"1<%3 P@@D � �
N4 # /8./%�8%41 ;#; %" = F% F +>> ;"%/%41 #4 #4#>3/+/ 27 # /8./%1 27 1<%/% 5#1# 8/+4$ /1%>>#"; 2;8>#1+24 :25%>/ +4 #4 #11%:;1 12 5%"+0% /1%>>#" ; 2;8>#1+24 #$%/ = :%1#>>+,+1+%/ = #45 "%>#1+0%%>%:%41 #.845#4,%/ 27 1<% 48,>%+ 27 %#">3Q13; % $#>#\ +%/ �
!<% #81<2"/ F28>5 >+-% 12 1<#4- 1<%+" ;"%0+28/ ,2>>#. 2"#12"/ 24 1<+/ ;"2] %,1 = ;#"1+,8>#">3 � L#>>% ("% � 1<% 5+"%,12"/ = 1%>%/,2; % 2; %"#12"/ = #45 /1#� 27 M2841 �#: +>124 = * +,- (./%"0#12"3 �W � H#:;>%" #45 * � �2. +4/24 72" 1<%+" 5%0%>2;:%41 27 1<% N:#$% L +//%,12" �,#44%" � #45 1<%"%7%"%% = W � �2/% = 72" <%>;78> ,2::%41/ � !<+/ F2"- F#/ /8;;2"1%5 .3 [�R $"#41/ 9�! VCQBOUAO =OUQ PPAA P= OVQBUO@@ = #45 @AQU@BBO 12 �MR #45 9�! @BQ PC@dB 12 L6 � .3 #4 9�' R#,8>13G"#41Q+4Q9 +5 12 L6 � .3 1<% HRS N40%/1+$#1+24 L%#4+1+24 !%#: ,241"#,1 [9� AQ PCC P � [9�9$"#41 �RQ PBCC �B PQ@D9 12 GH 7"2: 1<% �;#,% !%>%/,2; % �,+%4,% N4/1+181% = F<+,< +/ 2; %"#1%5 .3 1<%9 //2 ,+#1+24 27 '4+0%"/+1+%/ 72" � %/%#",< +4 9 /1"242:3= N4, �= 845%" [9�9 ,241"#,1 [9�AQUCAAA �#45 .3 # R >+41"+5$% R2845#1+24 R%>>2F /<+; #45 .3 # �1#"" R%>>2F /<+; 12 � ! �
e PO e
b���b��c� `
9.%>> = G � P@AO = 9;W� = d = U PP
9"#$24 = 9 �= G2"$#/ = W �= $ �%$2/ = M � P@OV = 9$9 = POA = @V6#".83= 6 � P@@D = 9;W = DdB = U PO
6#".83= 6 �= � "5%>3+QM %45%/ = M �= $ M +>24% = 9 � P@@U = 9$9� = @d = UdA6%45%" = � �= S#�8%1 = 9 �= $ [+%12 = W �Q* � P@@ P= 9$9 = UDC = dD@6%45%" = � � $ �8":# = S� P@@U = 9$9 = UAO = UAB6%45%" = � �= T%+$ >%" = 6 �= $ 6"8?8#> = G � P@@C = 9;W = DCd = *A P
62"$%/ = 9 � �= N5+#"1 = ! � S�= 5% R"%+1#/ S#,<%,2 = W � S�= $ !< X%0%4+4 = R � P@@A = 9 W = PPB = UDBO
62F%" = � � G �= � >>+/ = � � � �= �2/% = W � 9 �= �<#"; >%/ = � � M � P@@B = 9W = @@ = AdB
6"%//#4 = 9 �= <+2/+ = �= $ !#41#>2 = � � P@@C = 9$9 = d PP= dC P6"25+% = W � S� $ �8,<"# = W � S� P@@B = 9;W = dCU = ABd6"25+% = W � S� $ �8,<"# = W � S� P@@ P= 9;W = dV@ = PAV6"8?8#> = G � $ <#">21 = � � P@@C = GN���*@C68"/1%+4 = L �= R#. %" = � � M �= G#/-%>> = � M �= $ ' "8:: = [ � P@OD = 9;W = UOV = AOC68"/1%+4 = L �= R#. %" = � � M �= $ G24? X#>%? = W � W � P@OC = 9W = @ P= PPdB
68"/1%+4 = L �= 6%"12># = R �= 68/24 = * � M �= R#. %" = � � M �= $ *#8%" = ! � � � P@OO = 9;W = dUO = DDB
68??24+ = 9 � P@@A = 9;W� = @O = C@
68??24+ = 9 �= G#"+. 2>5+ = G �= $ M#41%$#??# = * � P@@U = 9 W = PBd = PO PD
68??24+ = 9 �= M #41%$#??# = * �= $ G#"+.2>5+ = G � P@@D = 9 W = PBV = A Pd
#>5F%>> = [ �= �2/% = W � 9 �= �<#"; >%/ = � � M �= � >>+/ = � � � �= $ 62F%" = � � G � P@@d = 9 W = PBC = DVd
#>5F%>> = [ �= �2/% = W � 9 �= R"#4\ = M �= $ *%24#"5 + = 9 � W � P@@C = 9 W = PPP= VO
#>5F%>> = [ � $ �2/% = W � 9 � P@@V = 9W = PPd = D@U
#"5 +%> = [ �= G2"$#/ = W �= $ 9"#$24Q�#>#:#4,# = 9 � P@@A = M[�9� = UVV = ABU
#"2>>2 = � M �= L#4?+$%" = N � W �= $ 68/24 = * � P@@d = M[�9� = UCA = AAd
#/8/2 = � �= %#?5%-+/ = 9 �= S%>%1+%" = � � R �= $ 6%,-:#4 = W � � � P@@C = 9;W = DAO = Add
e P@ e
<#0%? = M �= M #>#$4+4+ = M � * �= $ M2"2//+ = � P@@A = 9;W = DDB = U PB
<+4,#"+4+ = G � $ �225 = � � W � P@VP= 9;W = PCO = dU P 2818"% = W � $ � #"53= � � P@@B = 9W = @@ = ADB 2818"% = W � $ � #"53= � � P@OO = 9W = @C = OCVL#>>% ("% = �= R#. %" = � � M �= G24? X#>%? = W � W �= �128$<124 = � �= $ 68"/1%+4 = L � P@@ P= 9;W = dCC = dO
L#0+5$% = ! � W � P@@U = 9W = PBd = PA PU
L#0+%/ = � � * �= 68"/1%+4 = L �= L "%//>%" = 9 �= R#. %" = � � M �= *345%4Q6%>> = L �= !%">%0 +,< = � � W �= $H%$4%" = G � P@OV = 9;W� = CD = AO P
L#0+%/ = � � * �= �#5>%" = � � M �= $ S%>%1+%" = � � P@@d = M[�9� = UCU = CAB
5% R"%+1#/ S#,<%,2 = W � 9 � P@@C = M[�9� = UVO = OD P
5% �28?# = � � � �= 6#".83= 6 �= $ 52/ 94] 2/ = � � P@@d = 9 W = PBA = PVdV
� 7/1#1<+28 = G � $ G2"$#/ = W � P@OA = M[�9� = UDA = dV
R#. %" = � � M � $ W#,-/24 = � � � � P@VC = 9;W = UBD = CCOR#. %" = � � M �= R"+%> = � � L �= 68"/1%+4 = L �= $ G#/-%>> = � M � P@OA = 9;W� = AV = V PP
R#. %" = � � M �= H%$4%" = G �= 68"/1%+4 = L �= L#0+%/ = � � * �= L "%//>%" = 9 �= *345%4Q6%>> = L �= $ !%">%0 +,< =� � W � P@O@ = 9;W� = C@ = VCd
R#. %" = � � M �= !"#$%" = � � �= G24? X#>%? = W � W �= $ H2"1<%3= G � P@@A = +4 N9' �3:;2/+8: PCD = �1%>>#"S2;8>#1+24/ = %5 � S� � 0#4 5%" ' "8+1 $ G � G+>:2"% �L2"5"%,<1 � ' >8F%"� = ; � UD@
R#. %" = � � M �= %1 #> � P@@V = 9 W = +4 ;"%//
R +/<%" = L �= R"#4\ = M �= $ N>>+4$F2"1< = G � P@@A = 9;W = DDO = PP@
R +/<%" = L �= R"#4\ = M �= $ N>>+4$F2"1< = G � P@@C = 9;W = DA@ = PPB
G24? X#>%? = W � W � P@@d = S< � L � !<%/+/ = '4+0%"/+13 27 #>+72"4 +# = �#41# "8?
G2"$#/ = W �= � 7/1#1<+28 = G �= $ 9"#$24 �#>#: #4,# = 9 � P@@B = M[�9� = UDA = U PV
G2"$#/ = W �= R#. %" = � � M �= 68"/1%+4 = L �= G24? X#>%? = W � W �= 28"1%#8 = � �= $ S"2//%" = � P@@d = 9;W� =OC = PAd
G2"$#/ = W �= S%5"#? = � �= G8?: X#4 = � �= #"5+%> = [ �= $ G24? X#>%? = W � W � P@@V = 9;W = DO P= * P@
G"%$$ = M � L � P@@D = 9 W = PBO = U PCD
e UB e
G"%$$+2 = * � P@@V = M[�9� = UOA = PA P
G8>#1+ = � � ' �= M #>#$4 +4+ = M � * �= $ M2"2//+ = � P@@ P= 9$9 = UDV = DDVG8>#1+ = � � ' �= M #>#$4 +4+ = M � * �= $ M2"2//+ = � P@@d = 9;W = D Pd = PCC
G8?: X#4 = � �= *8,%3= W � � �= #"1%" = L �= $ !%">%0 +,< = � � W � P@@U = M[�9� = UAV = POV
�8,<"# = W � S�= ' %41 = � � M �= $ 6"25+% = W � S� P@@ P= 9;W = dVB = D@A
�8,<"# = W � S�= 6"25+% = W � S�= #>5F%>> = [ �= <"+/1+#4 = �= $ �,<2::%" = � � P@@C = 9;W� = PBU = U@
W&"$%4/%4 = N � P@@V = M[�9� = UOO = PC
'841/,<4%" = � � $ L#0+%/ = � � * � P@@V = M[�9� = +4 ;"%//
*%24#"5+ = 9 � W � $ �2/% = W � 9 � P@@C = 9 W = PPP= POU
M #11%8,,+ = R � P@@D = 9$9 = UOO = AVM ,�8+113= � � G �= W#�% = ! � � �= R"+%> = � � L �= $ L#>>% ("% = � M � P@@D = 9 W = PBV = dA@
M %<>%"1 = L �= 6%45%" = � �= �#$>+# = � �= $ H%$4%" = G � P@@V = +4 �9 [%F % +/+24 27 #4 (>5 >8/1%" �'41#4$>+4$ 2:# 6%"%4+,%/ =� %5 � R � L8""%1 %1 #> �= +4 ;"%//
M �2>>%" = � � �= R"+1?%Q024 9 >0%4>%. %4 = ' �= $ R"+,-% = ' � W � P@@V = 9$9 = d PV = CVCS%1%"/24 = � � � $ #>5F%>> = [ � P@@d = 9 W = PBA = PD PP
�2. +4/24 = * � 6 � $ H#:;>%" = � � W � P@VU = S9�S = OD = PC P�2/% = W � 9 � P@OA# = 9W = @B = VOV
�2/% = W � 9 � P@OA. = 9W = @B = OBd
�2/% = W � 9 � P@OA, = 9W = @B = P@UV
�2/% = W � 9 � $ !"+; +,,2 = M � W � P@OC = 9 W = @U = C PB
�2/% = W � 9 �= �1%1/24 = S� 6 �= $ !"+; +,,2 = M � W � P@OV = 9 W = @D = PUBU
�2/% = W � 9 �= 62F%" = � � G �= #>5F%>> = [ �= � >>+/ = � � � �= �<#"; >%/ = � � M �= $ !%#$8% = S� P@@D = 9W = PBO =UBAD
�,<F%+?%" = � �= �%+1?%" = S�= R#. %" = � � M �= 68"/1%+4 = L �= L#>>% ("% = � M �= $ G24? X#>%? = W � W � P@@B =9;W = dCD = *dd
!#41#>2 = � �= <+2/+ = �= 6"%//#4 = 9 �= $ R#$2112 = R � P@@C = 9$9 = d PP= dC P!<2: /%4 = 6 � $ 6#8: = H � 9 � P@O@ = 9;W = dDV = U PD
e U P e
!"#$%" = � � � P@@V = S< � L � !<%/+/ = '4+0%"/+13 27 #>+72"4+# = �#41# "8?
!"+; +,,2 = M � $ 6%>> = � � 9 � P@@A = 9 W = PPB = dBdA
%#?5%- +/ = 9 �= #/8/2 = � �= S%>%1+%" = � � R �= $ 6%,-:#4 = W � � � P@@C = 9;W� = PBC = dBV%#?5%- +/ = 9 �= S%>%1+%" = � � R �= 6%,-:#4 = W � � �= $ #/8/2 = � � P@@C = 9;W� = PPP= UBdH%+// = 9 �= S%>%1+%" = � � R �= $ M#11%8,,+ = R � P@@A = 9$9 = U@C = VdH <+1:2"% = 6 � �= M ,� >"23= L � 6 �= !24"3= W � * � P@OA = 9;W� = A@ = PH2"1<%3= G � P@@U = S< � L � !<%/+/ = '4+0%"/+13 27 #>+72"4+# = �#41# "8?
H2"1<%3= G � P@@D = 9;W� = @A = PBV
H2"1<%3= G � P@@C = +4 R"2: �1#"/ 12 G#>#\ +%/ � !<% N:;#,1 27 �1%>>#" S<3/+,/ 24 G#>#\3 �02>81+24 =%5 � � *%+1<%"%" = ' � R"+1?%Q024 9 >0%4/>%. %4 = $ W � �8,<"# = 9 � � � S� 247 � �%" �= 02> � @O ��#4R"#4,+/,2 � 9�S � = ; � DCV
H2"1<%3= G �= R#. %" = � � M �= $ G24? X#>%? = W � W � P@@U = 9;W = d@O = C@
H2"1<%3= G �= R#. %" = � � M �= G24? X#>%? = W � W �= $ 68"/1%+4 = L � P@@D = 9;W� = @D = COV �S#;%" % �H2"1<%3= G �= !"#$%" = � � �= $ R#.%" = � � M � P@@C = +4 R"%/< % +%F / 24 � >>+;1+,#> G#>#\ +%/ = %5 � 9 �
68??24+ = 9 � �%4?+4 + = $ 9 � �%""#42 = 9 � � � S� 247 � �%" �= 02> � OC ��#4 R"#4,+/,2 � 9�S � = ; � UBdH2"1<%3= G � $ (11#0 +#4+ = L � * � P@@V = 9;W� = PPP= dVV
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e UU e
NGC 6051 G=854
NGC 4486B G=1103
NGC 1700 G=1504
NGC 4551 G=2004
4500 5000 5500 6000
Fλ
(rel
ativ
e)
λ
NGC 3610 G=3000
NGC 4377 G=4077
M31 G=5190
M32 G=10106
4500 5000 5500 6000λ
R+$ � P�Z 9 /%>%,1+24 27 NL � /; %,1"# ,20%"+4$ # "#4$% 27 �)[ � �; %,1"# #"% >#. %>>%5 F +1< 1<%+" 4#:%#45 $2254%// � �/%% �%,1+24 d� �
e Ud e
2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4
0
.2
.4
.6
log <G>k
log
σ TO
T,k
NGC6205NGC6205-OFF
NGC6838
NGC6838-OFF
M31
M31-35ew
NGC221
NGC2300
NGC2634
NGC2693
NGC2768NGC2865
NGC2974
NGC3115
NGC3377
NGC3379
NGC3489
NGC3610NGC4374
NGC4387
NGC4406
NGC4459
NGC4464
NGC4467
NGC4472
NGC4478
NGC4552
NGC4636NGC4649
NGC4762NGC4860
NGC4874
NGC4889NGC5812NGC5813NGC5831
NGC584NGC5846
NGC6166
NGC687
NGC708
NGC720
NGC7626
R+$ � U �Z S"%>+: +4#"3 ,#>+."#1+24 27 1<% +45%; %45%41>3 5%1%": +4%5 %""2" �� � J� F +1< $2254%//�� �� � !<% /+?% 27 1<% $#>#\3 >#. %>/ +/ ;"2; 2"1+24#> 12 1<% 48:.%" 27 2./%"0#1+24/ � !<% : +55>% 271<% >#. %> +/ 1<% >2 ,#1+24 27 1<% ;2+41 � !<% "%>#1+24 #11%4/ #1 <+$< �� �� 58% 12 #1Q#%>5+4$ %""2"/ �!<% /2>+5 >+4% +/ # >%#/1Q/�8#"%/ >+4%#" # 1 12 1<% "%>#1+24 � &� � J� � � �� ��&� � � �/%% �%,1+24 d� �
e UD e
.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
c j(σ)
CN1
.8
1
1.2
CN2
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Ca4227
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
1.25
G4300
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Fe4383
1
1.5
2
Ca4455
0 200 400
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
σ
c j(σ)
Fe4531
0 200 400
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
σ
C24668
0 200 400
.8
1
1.2
σ
Hβ
0 200 400
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
σ
Fe5015
0 200 400
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
1.2
σ
Mg1
0 200 400
1
1.02
1.04
1.06
σ
Mg2
R+$ � d �Z M8>1+; >+,#1+0% +45%\ ,2""%,1+24 = �� = #/ # 784,1+24 27 0%>2 ,+13 5+/; %"/+24 �+4 -: /� �� 72" #>>U P * +,-)NL � +45+,%/ � !<% ,2""%,1+24/ <#0% .%%4 5%1%": +4%5 .3 :%#/8"+4$ 0#"+28/ /1%>>#" /; %,1"#,2402>0%5 12 5+�%"%41 ."2#5%4+4$/ � �3:.2>/ "%;"%/%41 ' $+#41 /1#45#"5 /1#"/ �/:#>> 521/� = G 5F#"7/�,"2//%/� = #45 M dU �:8>1+; >% 2./%"0#1+24/ � 2; %4 ,+",>%/� � !<% �8#41+13 /<2F4 +/ +45%\ �B �)+45%\ �� � �
e UA e
1
1.2
1.4
c j(σ)
Mg b
1
1.2
1.4
Fe5270
1
1.5
2
Fe5335
1
1.5
2
Fe5406
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Fe5709
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Fe5782
0 200 400
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
σ
c j(σ)
Na D
0 200 400
.5
1
1.5
2
σ
TiO1
0 200 400
.95
1
1.05
1.1
1.15
σ
TiO2
K giantsG dwarfsM32
R+$ � d �Z 241+48%5 �
e UC e
-.1 0 .1 .2 .30
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
CN1 -.1 0 .1 .2 .3
CN2 0 1 2
Ca4227 0 2 4 6 8
G4300 0 2 4 6 8
Fe4383
0 1 2 30
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
Ca4455 0 2 4
Fe4531 0 2 4 6 8 10
C24668 0 1 2 3 4 5
Hβ 0 2 4 6
Fe5015
0 .05 .1 .15 .20
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
Mg1 2 4 6
Mg b 0 1 2 3 4
Fe5270 1 2 3 4
Fe5335 0 1 2 3
Fe5406
0 .5 1 1.5 20
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
Fe5709 0 .5 1 1.5 2
Fe5782 0 2 4 6 8 10
Na D 0 .02 .04 .06 .08 .1
TiO1 0 .05 .1 .15
TiO2
R+$ � D �Z N45%\ /1"%4$1</ #/ # 784,1+24 27 M$& �+4 : #$ � 72" #>> U P *+,-)NL � +45+,%/ 72" #>> $#>#\32./%"0#1+24/ �48,>%#" #45 2� Q48,>%#"� 1<"28$< 1<% /1#45#"5 P � D � D #; %"18"% � �# � 6%72"% 0%>2 ,+13Q5+/; %"/+24 ,2""%,1+24 �
e UV e
-.1 0 .1 .2 .30
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
CN1 -.1 0 .1 .2 .3
CN2 0 1 2
Ca4227 0 2 4 6 8
G4300 0 2 4 6 8
Fe4383
0 1 2 30
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
Ca4455 0 2 4
Fe4531 0 2 4 6 8 10
C24668 0 1 2 3 4 5
Hβ 0 2 4 6
Fe5015
0 .05 .1 .15 .20
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
Mg1 2 4 6
Mg b 0 1 2 3 4
Fe5270 1 2 3 4
Fe5335 0 1 2 3
Fe5406
0 .5 1 1.5 20
.1
.2
.3
.4
Mg 2
Fe5709 0 .5 1 1.5 2
Fe5782 0 2 4 6 8 10
Na D 0 .02 .04 .06 .08 .1
TiO1 0 .05 .1 .15
TiO2
R+$ � D �Z �. � 971%" 0%>2 ,+13Q5 +/; %"/+24 ,2""%,1+24 �
e UO e
-.1 0 .1 .2 .30
100
200
300
400
σ
CN1 0 1 2
Ca4227 0 2 4 6 8
G4300 0 2 4 6 8
Fe4383 0 1 2 3
Ca4455
0 2 40
100
200
300
400
σ
Fe4531 0 2 4 6 8 10
C24668 0 1 2 3 4 5
Hβ 0 2 4 6
Fe5015 0 .05 .1 .15 .2
Mg1
0 .1 .2 .3 .40
100
200
300
400
σ
Mg2 2 4 6
Mg b 0 1 2 3 4
Fe5270 1 2 3 4
Fe5335 0 1 2 3
Fe5406
0 .5 1 1.5 20
100
200
300
400
σ
Fe5709 0 .5 1 1.5 2
Fe5782 0 2 4 6 8 10
Na D 0 .02 .04 .06 .08 .1
TiO1 0 .05 .1 .15
TiO2
R+$ � A �Z N45%\ /1"%4$1</ #/ # 784,1+24 27 0%>2 ,+13 5+/; %"/+24 �+4 -: /� �� 72" UB *+,-)NL � +45+,%/ �#>>%\,%;1 [& = F<+,< "%;"258,%/ 1<% . %<#0 +2" 27 [ � 0%"3 ,>2/%>3 � 72" #>> $#>#\3 2./%"0#1+24/ �48,>%#"#45 2� Q48,>%#"� 1<"28$< 1<% /1#45#"5 P � D � D #; %"18"% = #71%" 0%>2 ,+13Q5+/; %"/+24 ,2""%,1+24 �
e U@ e
1
1.2
1.4
inde
x ra
tio
CN1
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
CN2
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Ca4227
.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
G4300
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
Fe4383
.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
Ca4455
1 2 3.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
slit width
inde
x ra
tio
Fe4531
1 2 3
1
1.2
1.4
slit width
C24668
1 2 3
1
1.5
2
slit width
Hβ
1 2 3
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
slit width
Fe5015
1 2 3.7
.8
.9
1
1.1
1.2
slit width
Mg1
1 2 3.9
.95
1
1.05
1.1
slit width
Mg2
R+$ � C �Z M8>1+; >+,#1+0% +45%\ ,2""%,1+24/ #/ # 784,1+24 27 />+1F +51< �P�42: +4#> />+1F +51< = P � D �U�d � D � d� V � D � 72" #>> U P * +,-)NL� +45+,%/ = 72" ' $+#41 /1#45#"5 /1#"/ � !<% 0%"1+,#> #\ +/ +/+45%\ �P � D �)+45%\ �/>+1F +51< � � �2"+?241#> >+4%/ #"% 1<% ,2""%,1+24/ #;;>+%5 #1 %#,< />+1F +51< � M +//+4$<2"+?241#> >+4%/ 5%421% +45+,%/ 5%%: %5 122 84,%"1#+4 #1 V � D 12 .% 8/%78 > �
e dB e
.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
inde
x ra
tio
Mg b
.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
Fe5270
.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
Fe5335
1 2 3.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
slit width
Fe5406
1 2 3.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
slit width
Fe5709
1 2 3.5
1
1.5
2
slit width
Fe5782
1 2 3.8
.9
1
1.1
1.2
slit width
inde
x ra
tio
Na D
1 2 3.5
1
1.5
2
slit width
TiO1
1 2 3
.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
slit width
TiO2
R+$ � C �Z 241+48%5 �
e d P e
-.2 -.1 0 .1 .2 .3-.06
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
.06
CN1 (eye)
∆CN
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
-2 0 2 4 6 8
-1
0
1
G (eye)
∆G (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
-2 0 2 4-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Hβ (eye)
∆Hβ
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 .1 .2
-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
Mg1 (eye)
∆Mg 1
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 .1 .2 .3 .4
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
Mg2 (eye)
∆Mg 2
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 2 4 6-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Mg b (eye)
∆Mg
b (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 2 4
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Fe5270 (eye)
∆Fe5
270
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
-1 0 1 2 3 4
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Fe5335 (eye)
∆Fe5
335
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Na D (eye)
∆Na
D (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
-.05 0 .05 .1 .15-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
TiO1 (eye)
∆TiO
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
-.05 0 .05 .1 .15-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
TiO2 (eye)
∆TiO
2 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
R+$ � V �Z NL� :%#/8"%:%41 /,<%:% 5+�%"%4,%/ = %3%�9'!(N[L� = 72" #>> $#>#\3 #45 $>2.8>#",>8/1%" 2./%"0#1+24/ �+4,>85+4$ 2� Q48,>%#" #45 F +5%Q/>+1 2./%"0#1+24/� = #/ # 784,1+24 27 %3%:%#/8"%:%41/ � �84 #45 0%>2 ,+13Q5+/; %"/+24 ,2""%,1+24/ <#0% 421 . %%4 #;;>+%5 �
e dU e
0 20 40 60-.06
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
.06
Run
∆CN
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 20 40 60
-1
0
1
Run
∆G (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Hβ
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
Run
∆Mg 1
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
Run
∆Mg 2
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Mg
b (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 20 40 60
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Fe5
270
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Fe5
335
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Na
D (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
Run
∆TiO
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 20 40 60-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
Run
∆TiO
2 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
R+$ � O �Z NL� :%#/8"%:%41 /,<%:% 5+�%"%4,%/ = %3%�9'!(N[L� = 72" #>> $#>#\3 #45 $>2.8>#",>8/1%" 2./%"0#1+24/ �+4,>85 +4$ 2� Q48,>%#" #45 F +5%Q/>+1 2./%"0#1+24/� = #/ # 784,1+24 27 NL� "8448:.%" � �84 ,2""%,1+24/ <#0% 421 . %%4 #;; >+%5 �
e dd e
-.2 0 .2 .4-.06
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
.06
CN1 (eye)
∆CN
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
-5 0 5-2
-1
0
1
2
G (eye)
∆G (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
-5 0 5-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Hβ (eye)
∆Hβ
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 .2 .4
-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
Mg1 (eye)
∆Mg 1
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 .2 .4 .6
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
Mg2 (eye)
∆Mg 2
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 5 10 15-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
Mg b (eye)
∆Mg
b (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
-2 0 2 4 6
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Fe5270 (eye)
∆Fe5
270
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
-4 -2 0 2 4 6
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Fe5335 (eye)
∆Fe5
335
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 5 10 15
-.5
0
.5
Na D (eye)
∆Na
D (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 .2 .4 .6
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
TiO1 (eye)
∆TiO
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 .2 .4 .6 .8 1
-.02
0
.02
TiO2 (eye)
∆TiO
2 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
R+$ � @ �Z NL� :%#/8"%: %41 /,<%:% 5+�%"%4,%/ = %3%�9'!(N[L� = 72" #>> /1#"/ +4 S#; %" % = #/ #784,1+24 27 %3% :%#/8"%:%41/ � �84 ,2""%,1+24/ <#0% 421 . %%4 #;; >+%5 �
e dD e
0 20 40 60-.06
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
.06
Run
∆CN
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 20 40 60-2
-1
0
1
2
Run
∆G (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Hβ
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-.02
-.01
0
.01
.02
Run
∆Mg 1
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
Run
∆Mg 2
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
Run
∆Mg
b (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 20 40 60
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Fe5
270
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-1
-.5
0
.5
1
Run
∆Fe5
335
(eye
-AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-.5
0
.5
Run
∆Na
D (
eye-
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 20 40 60
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04
Run
∆TiO
1 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
0 20 40 60
-.02
0
.02
Run
∆TiO
2 (e
ye-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
R+$ � PB �Z NL� :%#/8"%:%41 /,<%: % 5+�%"%4,%/ = %3%�9'!(N[L� = 72" #>> /1#"/ +4 S#; %" % = #/ #784,1+24 27 NL� "84 48:.%" � �84 ,2""%,1+24/ <#0% 421 . %%4 #;; >+%5 �
e dA e
<Mg2> (7 Samurai, no aperture corrections)
0 .1 .2 .3
0
.2
.4
<M
g 2> (
AU
TO
IND
EX
)
0 .1 .2 .3
-.04
-.02
0
.02
.04 ∆<
Mg
2 > (7 S
am-A
UT
OIN
DE
X)
R+$ � PP�Z 2:;#"+/24 27 NL � #45 �%0%4 �#:8"#+ :%#/8"%:%41/ 27 �M$& � � L #1# 72" �%0%4 �#:8"#+:%#/8"%:%41/ #"% 1#-%4 7"2: L#0+%/ %1 #> � �P@OV� = F +1<281 #; %"18"% ,2""%,1+24/ 12 2:# �
e dC e
!#. >% P� S8.>+/<%5 NL � L#1#
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