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Transcript of Old English vs. Middle English PK. website Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards...
Old English vs. Middle English
PK
website
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
Traditional West-Saxon spelling was becoming archaic and artificial
Confusion of the endings –an, -on, -en, -um
Ic wille on þǽm hors hám rídan - verb infinitive
I want to ride home on that horse
Wé ridon tó wuda - past plural We rode to the wood
Ic wille, þæt gé hám ríden – present subjunctive
I want you (pl) to ride home (I want that you ride ...)
Hé hæfð þæt hors swíðe geriden - past participle
We have ridden the horse hard
Wé ridon on hwítum horsum - dative plural
We rode on white horses
website
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
Ic wille on þǽm hors hám rídan - verb infinitive
I want to ride home on that horse
Wé ridan tó wuda - past plural We rode to the wood
Ic wille, þæt gé hám rídan – present subjunctive
I want you (pl) to ride home (I want that you ride ...)
Hé hæfð þæt hors swíðe geridan - past participle
We have ridden the horse hard
Wé ridan on hwítan horsan - dative plural
We rode on white horses
website
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
1053On þisum geare wæs se cyning on Winceastre on Eastran
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
From the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
Translation of this and the next slides can be found at http://www.hi.is/~peturk/KENNSLA/11/texts/thisyear.html
1081On þisum geare se cyng lædde fyrde in to Weala
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
From the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
1096On þison geare heold se cyng Wilelm his hired to Xpes mæssan on Windlesoran
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
From the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
1122On þis geare wæs se king Heanri on Cristes mæssan on Northwic
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
From the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
1137Ðis gear for þe king Stephne ofer sæ to Normandi
Examples of grammatical mistakes in manuscripts towards the end of the Old English period
From the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle:
800ic, mec, me, mín
1300ich me mine
1400I me mi
2000I me my
þú, þec, þe, þín þow þe þine thou thee thi thou thee thy
hé hine him his he him his he him his he him his
héo hie hire hire ho hir hir scho hir she her her
hit hit him his hit hit him his it it his it it its
wé ús úre ús we us ure we us oure we us our
gé éow éowe éow ye yow yowre ye you your you you your
hí hí hira him hr hir him they him hire they them their
Changes in personal pronouns
c. 959
Fæder ure þu þe eart on heofonum,Sy þin nama gehalgodTobecume þin ricegewurþe ðin willaon eorðan swa swa on heofonum. Urne gedæghwamlican hlaf us syle
todæg,and forgyf us ure gyltasswa swa we forgyfað urum
gyltendum.And ne gelæd þu us on costnungeac alys us of yfele.Soþlice .
c 1350
Oure fadir that art in heuenes,yhalewid be þi name;þi kyngdoom come to;be þi wille don,in erþe as in hevene.Yeve to us þis dai oure dayliiche
breed and foryeyve to us oure dettis,as we foryeuen to oure dettouris;
and lede uu not in to temptaciounbut delyvere us fro yvel.Amen.