oil and Gas Measurment
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Transcript of oil and Gas Measurment
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Systems Overview
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Monitoring and Surveillance
Real-time measurements from permanent-monitoring sensors help identify, diagnose and
act to mitigate production problems
analysis for production optimization andimproves the accuracy of the productionallocation
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Surveillance
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Why Monitoring?
Update reservoir model
Transient testing
Optimise gaslift, stimulation / fracture operations
Monitor water or gas entry
Reduce intervention
Enable determination of downhole flow rate
Real time observation and control Determine contribution per zone or well
Interference testing during planned shut ins
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What is RMC
It provides technologies for monitoring and controllingreservoir(s) performance throughout its life-cycle with aminimum of intervention
It allows for production from, or injection into, multiplereservoirs or zones throu h a sin le wellbore
This type of completion is often referred to as anIntelligent Completion .
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Reservoir Monitoring and Control
Reservoir
Update
No place to hide hydrocarbons (*)
OptimizationModel
Control Monitor
(*) Smart Wells Forum, SPE-France, Sept.01
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Components of Optimization Loop
D a t a A c q u
i s i t i o n
D a t a
M a n a g e m e n
t
D e c
i s i o n
M a
k i n g
Surface AcquisitionUnit
S e n s o r s
Surface Control Unit
C o n
t r o
l
V a
l v e s
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Reservoir Monitoring Equipment
Production Sensors
Pressure / Temperaturegauges
Reservoir Sensors
Resistivity or Inductive Arrays
Behind casin ressure
FloWatcherGradiomanometer
Sensa Fiber Optics
sensors
Geophones
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Flow Network: Illustration for Gas Lift Well
Com ressor 1
Separator
Wing &Master ValveController or
Casing Choke
FlowlineChoke
Lift-gas Production
34
5
1112
131514
10
16
2120
2225 2726
Compressor 2
Compressor 3
Perforations
Tubing
Casing
To Well
From Well
From Well
To Well
21
2423
GasHeader
ProductionHeader
Gas Lift Valve
Packer
ValveChokeMeasurement # 1
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Flow Network: Illustration of Measurement List1 Bottom hole pressure Well (Subsurface)2 Bottom hole temperature Well (Subsurface)3 Flowing tubing head pressure Well (Surface)4 Annulus pressure Well (Surface)5 Lift gas pressure (CHP) Well (Surface)6 SSSV status Well (Surface)7 SSV status Well (Surface)8 Chemical injection flow (Injection gas) Well (Surface)9 Chemical injection (Injection gas) ppm N/A10 Lift gas control valve percent open Well (Surface)11 Lift gas rate setpoint N/A12 Lift gas pressure (upstream of meter) Well (Surface)
14 Lift gas meter temperature (upstream of control valve) Well (Surface)15 Lift gas flow rate N/A16 Lift gas temperature n/a17 Chemical injection flow (Production) Well (Surface)18 Chemical injection (Production) ppm N/A19 Sand detection Well (Flow line)20 Flow line pressure differentual Well (Flow line)21 Flow line pressure Well (Flow line)22 Flow line temperature Well (Flow line)23 Bulk lift gas temperature Injection Manifold24 Bulk lift gas pressure Injection Manifold25 Total gas production rate N/A26 Water production rate N/A
27 Net oil production rate N/A
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Behind Casing Reservoir Sensors
Common characteristics Sensor are in direct contact with the reservoir,
installed outside the casing Installed in the well or dedicated observation
well
Sensor types Pressure - Reservoir pressure monitoring Resistivity electrodes - Water saturation
monitoring Geophones - Gas saturation monitoring
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Eliminates uncertainty from extrapolating reservoir pressure from a tubing gauge
Stops fluid segregation in the completion from effecting pressure transients
Allows monitoring of shallower reservoirs by wells with deeper completions
Allows direct measurement of P
reservoir pressure if casing is not perforated Allows monitoring of individual reservoir pressures in a stacked reservoir
Allows monitoring of the pressure drop across the completion
Behind Casing Pressure Sensors
Pressure SensorsInjection Well
Determining fluid frontinterface locations by thedifference in their mobilityusing time lapse pressuretransient analysis
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End of the Course
Thank You