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Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG)

Automotive Industry ‘Vertical’ for North American Supply Chain• Founded by Ford, GM, DaimlerChrysler

• 1500 members

Goal• “…reduce cost and complexity within the automotive supply chain and to

improve speed-to-market, product quality, employee health-and-safety and the environment”

Global Strategic Initiatives• ODETTE, VDA, JAMA, NIST, OAGI, OASIS, WS-I, …

Co-Chair of Inventory Visibility & Integration Project• Applied research into…

• Optimizing business partner collaboration leveraging electronic messaging

• Focus on Inventory Management processes

– Kanban

– Min Max

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AIAG

FAISAL

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AIAG Inventory Visibility & IntegrationProject (IV&I)

Optimize Supply Chain through better Business Collaboration Leverage

• XML Messaging

• Public Internet

Shared Semantics• OAGI XML Vocabulary

• Joint Automotive Data Model (in progress; jointly with Odette, JAMA,…)

• ATHENA (research)

Considered several competing protocols• Web Services

• ebXML

• AS2

Currently focused on Web Services

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Why Web Services?

Ubiquitous (but still maturing) Interoperability

• Web Services Interoperability (WS-I) Profiles

• Basic; Basic Security; & Reliable Secure

Service Oriented• SOA already used for internal integration

• Extend Service Oriented Concepts to B2B integration

Provide a ‘process’ context• Not just ‘message slinging’

Reasonably complete ‘stack’• Semantics (XML Schema)

• Security

• Reliability

• Orchestration

• Transactions

• Directory

• Metadata driven (WSDL, Policy, BPEL)

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SOA Building Blocks

SOA Protocol Stack

SOA Protocol Services Business Services

Stateless

State-full

SOAP, WS-Security, SAML, WS-ReliableMessaging, WS-Transaction, WS-SecureConversation etc.

WS-Trust, SAML-SSO, WS-Federation, Liberty,

BPEL, XKMS, etc.

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B2B with SOA

SOA Protocol Stack

SOA Protocol Services

Business Services

StatelessState-full

SOA Protocol Stack

SOA Protocol Services

Business Services

StatelessState-full

SOA Protocol Stack

SOA Protocol Services

Business Services

StatelessState-full

Partner A

Partner B

Partner C

Logical Service BusLogical Service Bus

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But Something is Still Missing

Web Services based SOA Provides a Lot But…• No clear way of defining Business Collaboration

» Across Multiple Partners

• BPEL provides a single-node view only

• How to link multiple, independent nodes

Business Collaboration Specification (BCS)• Attempts to fill this gap

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BCS: SOA + UML Modeling

SOA Protocol Stack

SOA Protocol Services

Business Services

StatelessState-full

SOA Protocol Stack

SOA Protocol Services

Business Services

StatelessState-full

SOA Protocol Stack

SOA Protocol Services

Business Services

StatelessState-full

Partner A Partner B Partner C

BCS: UML-based methodology for Modeling Collaborations

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BCS Concepts

Partner A Partner B

A Business Collaboration is

modeled as a UML Activity Diagram.

Each ‘Swimlane’ represents a

collaboration Partner

Each ‘ActionState’ represents some activity

that a partner is expected to do, e.g.

send or receive a message.

Each ‘ObjectFlowState’ represents a message

Control flows from one activity to another but

cannot cross ‘Swimlanes’ (BCS rule)

Only message flows can cross ‘Swimlanes’

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BCS Sample: Parallel Processing

Models a collaboration where ‘A’ is required

to send two messages to ‘B’ and ‘B’ is

required to wait for both before

proceeding. Messages may be sent or

received in any order.

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Sample: IV&I Kanban Collaboration

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BCS ArchitectureWeb Services

Build Time

Modeling Time

Run Time

UML

Business Collaboration Specification

XML / HTTP

Meta Models, Validation & Transformation Rules

Business Collaboration Diagram

SOAP

WS-SecurityWS-ReliableMessaging WS-Addressing

WS-BusinessActivity

WS-AtomicTransaction

WS-Enumeration WS-Transfer

WS-BPEL (abstract) WSDL WS-Policy XML Schema

Generate

Collaboration Contract

SpecifiesRuntimeBehavior

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Transformation toWeb Services Metadata

Swimlane Control Flows & Activities WS-BPEL

Activities, Messages WSDL, WS-Policy

Messages XML Schema

Two UML Profiles1.BCS Semantics2.Web Services Transformation

Two UML Profiles1.BCS Semantics2.Web Services Transformation

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BCS Summary

The set of Activities and Control Flows in a ‘Swimlane’ describe a Partner's collaboration ‘state machine’ (process)

A ‘Business Collaboration’ is a set of processes and their coordination via message flows – a ‘Meta Process’

Gives each partner visibility to the relevant portions of other partners’ processes

Each partner is free to extend it’s process for internal processing as long as the external view is not affected

‘Reference Implementation’

available for MagicDraw™ UML Tool

‘Reference Implementation’

available for MagicDraw™ UML Tool