REPOR.~

O~ Tllr;

OF Tll ll

>F CANA.D.A,

FOR THE YEAR 18i~.

l'HE::;EXTI~O '.J.'O BOTLI IIOl~:5E OF PARlJlA)f.ENT BY COMUND OF

ITIS EXCELLJ•:N"CY TIIE ~OVEHXOR GE~ERAIJ,

O'ITAWA: PRl~TED BY ~IAVLIU~, ROGER & C0.1 WEJ,},l:\'GTO~ STREt:T.

1 i~.

\

•

DEP.\RT.Y.E~T oF MrLlrIA ASD Di1'.ENcE1

OruwA, reLrunry, 1 j!l,

Tho undersigned bn:; the honor to forward to Your Exccllc11cy the nccompnnyiug

Report relating to the ~IiliLia of th& Dominion of CanaJa for lSi", which i

respectfully submi tlc<l for Your E xcellcncy' · consideration.

His Excellency

'l'ho Gonmior Ger.eral.

Ottawa.

L. H. ~fA.S OS,

Ministe1· of ~iilitia and Defence.

(MJ Ll'l'L\ HEPUHT, 1 i .J

l' \I, C.

HEPOR1' oP G.E.:>En.\I. OFHc1:1t JN Co'rnA'\U 01 THE ).111 !TI\ ............... ix to xhi"i Tntroductory Itcnu1rks.... .. . .......•. .... ................. ........................ i · #\cti\'C nlilitia, utility of........................................................... x

do do t~uebcc riot........................................... x

do do ~\[ontreal riot ............... .... ...................... , xh·, xxxi do He view on Her Majesty's Birth lay . . .. . . . .. .. ...... .... .. xiii

do Small Pormnnent Force -.uggcstc l.. ....... xi X\ i, XXX\"1

xx xvi, xh do Battalion!', liow Ofilcorod . .. . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. .. . . . . . . .. . . xh·

do Called oui in aid of CiYil Power............... ............. xldi

do Strength fot· Drill................................................ xliii lload Quartcro anti .Di:strict, Staff...... .. ........ ....... ........ .... ..... ....... xlh·

Tnspcctori:; of .Artillery.................................... ......... .............. xh·

do He ports of........ .... ................................... xxvi, xltx Deputy .A.djut:rnts General, Rcporb of............................ ........... xxx Brigade Camps recommended......... .. ... ... ..... . ..... ... ... ...... ........ X\"

Or DiYioional Can1p........ .. .. .. .. ... . . . . . .... .. .. .. .... . ... .. .... . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. X\"i llililia appointmonts-11011-politicnl ..... ............ ................ ......... XY

nopl Military College .................................................... XXYii, xxix, xx.xix Schools of Gunnery ................................................................ xx\·, xxx, xi School· of In truction................... ................ ..... .... ............... xii

Cavalry an l 111f:mtry ~chools .................................................. . Elementary instruction of young Officers and Sorgo:mts ............. ..

Special education requirnd for )[ilitnry profe ion ...................... . Drill In:strnctors ............................................................. · ..... .

Cavalry ................ ............................................................... ..

J\ rtillcry ............................. · · .. · · .. · · ..... ·· ....... · · ·" · · · · · · .. · · · ... · · · · ... . :N c,,. BnUericd ............................ ······ ... ··· ............................... .

xn x1· i

xii, xli11 XX\

XX\

E ' XX\i, XXX ~ng1noers ............................................................................ . .Armourer& ...................................................................... · .... · xl"i

Governor Gcnornl' ·Foot 1:unrdis ............................................. ..

Dragoon Guard"·· ........................... · · ·· ·· ·· ..... ·· ·· ·· .... ·····"" ...... ·· # xsii

Dominion Artillery.!\. so intion ................. · ............................ . XX\"1 X i

l'AOE

xii ii \\'iv.bloton Tl'am .................................. ...... .. _.... . ... ...... ......... X.'·r

I r. t., ]'nltnlion in lo Artillery ........ ······ · · ·' l'ropo nl to com·ort nn num • J ,, . .. . ~ n· i lo I ....... . . xxxnu, xxx1x Pormnnent Bnttnlion tn rocommci t 1 ... " . ..... • . .... • · .. •

.................. .xhv Militin in Mnnitoba ............ ·· · · .. · .. ·· · · ·· · · · .. · · · ..... ·· ... · · Defonce of Cnuada ................. . .. ... ................... . ........ ............ .. Parlinmcnf:tn· (~rnnt, vnrintion in amo1111t in recent y cnrs ..... . . .. ..... . xiv

Jo p:i~ t ycnr ........... · ··· .. · ·· .. · · ·• · ·· ...... · · · · · · · · · ·· .. · · · · · do .Amount left fiw Jrill .............. . .......... · .......... ..

Sugge:-tion,., iu }ll"C\'iou:. rcporb rcpe:itccl ..... . ......... · · · .. ·· .... · .... · .... . xrii

xviii

.x:-;:, xxxiii

xviii

xix :xix xix

:xx xx

xx xxi

XX\·

xxi

xxi xxi, xxii

xxiii

xx iii

Tioport~ nn I scnic,.. of pl'icoi:....... •. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XX\'

Tabla of total number of Gun in chargo of Dominion..................... xxri

.. Mnrtini-llcnry Rifle............................. ............. ....................... xiii

Coast arnl llnrbor D fence hy tvrpcdos ... .......... .................. .......... x xv i, xx\·ii Act of l'arliamcnt for Na-;al JJefonco.... .... .. .... . . . ..... . . .. . .. . ... .. . . .. . . xx iii . Mar:imli ng <lc~ccnt on tho Dominion, at on~ timo imminent........... :i:iii

'J'raining at Company Jfoadqnartcrs .. . .. ................. ... .. .. . ..... . .. .. . xxxvii Waste of Clothing, &c. ............ ................... . ..... .... .. .. .... . ... . .... .. xx.xvii

Vice-Regal progros.c:, !Inlifax to Ott:l\rn ....... ..... .... ............ ..... . ..... xx.xi, xx.xii

Con lading Remarks ........ .... ... .. . .. . .. . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . ... . .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. • . ~h·iii

do ~on10 acted on ...... .. ..... .... .. ... · .. · ....... . · · .. ·· ·· .... ...... ·· · Offer:. of StnTico in o\·ont of "'nr ...... .. ............. ·· ·· ···· ·· · ............. . . C-Oa t(.lfB1;~i::,h Columbia .. ... ...... . ............ . ...... ... . . .... ...... .......... . Action for Defonce of Briti:ih Co!umLin ... .. ... .. ..... . . . ............ ·· ..... .

Caret:tker-. of Rnttcrie' th ....... . ... .. · ... · .... · · .. · · · · · · .. · · · · · Mannin~ do dv ...................... ... ·. · ....... · · · Marine Ai·tillcrymcn for Yaucourcr hl:tntl.. ...... ................ ........ . Oolig:1tions to .. 1tlmiral and other Na,·al Otl1cers ..... ................... .

Defonce-. on ~.\.tlantic Cvast ............................. . .. ... ............. ..... .

do do ,co.,t. ............... ... ... ....... . .................... . 2\lnnniug Guns for Fort-...... . ............................ .. . ..... .. .... .. ...... . Proposed purcha:;e of Rifle-muzzle loading Guns .. ..... . . . ........ .. ..... . . 11eport of Committee .............. ................ .. ............ .. .. . ....... . .... . C-0n\'Crted muzzle-loading Rill<' t!1 pounder,, ...... .. ................... . .. .. l':ill i:;cr Guns in Cannda .................. ......... ..... .............. . ............ .

do prc-ented to Dominion ... . ...................... . ........... ..

do tracing of. ...... ............ . ... . ........... .. ....... .. ........ .. . . Pebble P wder .......................................................... . .......... .

--A l'Pr.:rnrc.P.S :- l'MH.

X o. l. Hopot t-< liy Doput.v .\c.Jjutauts·Gencr. 1-

)! il'.tnry lJji.;trict :No. 1. ............................ .

clo Xo. ~ ......................................... .......... . do Xu. :: ......................... . <lo .I. T(). -!., ... ,. "••• '""""'"'""'" """""""""" "'""""

tlo Xo. 5 ......... · ........................ ······ ...... ···· · do ·o. G ........ ........ ...... . ............ . ........... . ... .

do Xo. 7 .. . ... .... ................. .. ................... . ... . do So. S .......... . ..... · ............... ................... . do

do

<lo

do

Xo. !' ....... . ........................................... ..

...., To. 10. • • •••• ••• ••• ••••• •••••••••• • ••••••••••••••• ••••••

No. 11 ....... .......................................... .

Xo. 12 ........ .. .......................... .. .............. .

,. •> In"}>CCtion Hcpo1·t,; of Uorp~-_,o. -·

1 - (j

.... - l(j • Jj - .) ... ,

-v

2J - :!S ~9 - 11

-1 l - H

~~ - .J!I

50 - Gi:i

G6 - j.J.

71 - 11

212 - 2IG _,... - 7D •

so - ... !) )Jilitary l>bt1·ict Xo. 1.. .. · ................. ................... ........... ~l (I - lO!J

tlo Xo. 2 .. .. .... .................................. ::::::::: 110 - l:!i do Xo. 3.. ... .............. ...................... . J2S - 141 do Xo. ·1. · ................................................... 11~ - liil

c.lo Xo. 5. · ··· .... ... · ................... ..................... 1 ll:! - lGi

do Xo. G ..................................................... JGS - li9 Jo ~o. j ..................................................... 1 1'9

<lo Xo. 8 .................................................... 1;~ = 1;9 do No. U ..... ...... ...... ... ................................. ~00 - :!03

··········· ~o. 10. .............. ........ ... ... ... ... !O ! - :!Oi do

c.lo

llO

So. 11. .................................................... •)o - ~I l

' To l') '"'" '"""'""'""" ' """""'"' ' ""'""""' -.... , . ..., ....

Xo. :J. Hcport8 on till' Artillery ................................................ . 21i - 2.fj

~o. L Hl'po1·t o11 ~clioob of Gunnery-

•· ·\.. " Bntter)· I\: in "St on .................................................... . ... , 0 • •••••• • •••••• " B" Battery, Qncbee ....... ... ........... .................... .

Xn. ~" Ccrli lil•alC'" fr0m !:)ehoob of l; unuc1·y-

· · ·· ·· ·· ·· ... . (-\.) Gunnery Scho:>b ........................ .. . ........ :::::: .. ........... .

CB) J\.rtillcrY............................................... .. ...... . ... ., ............. ······· (C) Engineer:-................................ ..

:! l - '.?iiO

2:i0 - '.?113

2G4 - 2G :!69 2t)9

I' \C: • fn n-

270 - 271 272 - 273

............... .••....... ····•··· 274 - ...,7;,

1 t h D minion ........... .. !3;1; - :.s1

·1 ••• ~uml having (~nalili ·ntion ('c1·tilic·aic:-;. 282 - :~o;;

:\o. 10. R I 01 ton Br"ti h (' !um ·n (' J , JJ ·for rt• .................. .. .. :rnG _ :ll:!

11. J>. · t• • l1un . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ ......... . Ir i. r. in • .. . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . ..... • • .. . . . . .. .. .. .. . .. . .\ ftc1· ~!:!~

- l. L. H S Olt:s ........................................ ;;~J - 339

• 1 . I

ulati 1 'l f. r .Adm" (Il) L · t of tho c authoiizccl do

· ...................... .... ~~o .. "4:: ............................ ::41 .• :n.J

C') Quo~ti 1. \I' cd at Exnminationo; for.\ lmj,.,,,;on to ............... ;;4r, _ ·!~:;

Xo. H . .\nnua! Rcp'.'>t t of Royal .i\Iilitm-y CollC'g-c.... .. .... .. ...... ... .. . J:; 1 .. ·1Sl

So J;;. ~chC'mo for :Enrrinccr and ln".'lntry ~ ho >l 'I'oronto ............. -18~ ·- -t~l

J\NNUAL REP01{11

OB THI

OF roa

1878. ---

To tho llonorablo

Tho ;.Iini8tor of Militia and Defonce,

ltc., &c., &c .

MILITIA

0TTAW.\ 1 ht January, IS7!l.

Srn,-In presenting my fifth annual roport on tho ::.l.'lte of tl10 ~Iilitia of Cnunda,

l Rhall, in tho body of it. very briofiy repent col'tain :;ugge ... tions 'vhich linvo been

made in tho previous reports of the past four year.~, and in doin~ •o I hope I may be

allowed to c1ep1·ecnte the idea of propo::iing anything beyond lho gra\·o con. ideration

of what i!l duo to that state of military preparation, which the tcachi11g of 111-tory proves to bo incumbent upon all nations.

The chief problem in all military Ol'ganizntions mo~t difllcnlt of ... olulioo, i:> how

the defence of a country can be provided for with tho :<mnllcst po ... -.iblo expenditure,

both of monuy and labor, ll':I well ns to ensure that the sy::.tom :-hould not tnx it"

rosonrcoi! too heavily, and that the money votod by Parliament shoul<l not uo l\"a:itod.

Military oxpondituro is of cour::-o a sort of in-.uraoce, t-0 bo inc1m·od by every

country that ha.; unything worth misuring ngain ... t Jo ... :-, by either foroi •n attack or

domel'ltic commotion. Tho amount of insuranco dopol)(ling nliko on tho val no of the property, tho ri:-k, and the woalth of tho in~uror.

Happily upon this continent, tht ri:;k is not Yory g1·on.t from foroign a~gression, as the only pooplo with whom any difference could ari::;o capable of giving much

trouble by land, con tirlllo, and I ong mny it bo :;o, upon tho m08t friondly and sati::i·

factory footing. Tho two countries progl'O:<~ sido by sido as good neighbours in the

poacofnl rivulry of developing their rc:-;ourcos. B11L in a young and growing country

disturbance to tho public peaco i~ not only po~::iiblo, but very likely nnnuully to occur

from various cuusoq. In tho nb:-ieuce of any organized force, other than tho Uilitin, with

the know lodge which we h:wo to:;tod over nod over again,. t'1nt tho ~mnll policd force is

impotent to deal single-handed with a turbulent mob, it is only common prudouco to

provide for the security of the IMv-abiding populntioo, by n stable military powor,

commensura with tho calls at any time liable to bo mn<lo upon it. 6-n

That •ich a duty may bo req11inxl of tho )filitin, tho OYonts of tho J•ll."lt twn yc:ire

tiave mndo mnnifcit. I nee I not go furthor back thnn the past 11um1.ior, whon on w.·o 0, 011:.ru: occasions, tho Militia 111n·od the two principal citio3 of tho Du1t1inion

t-om mo-.t ll ·ion~ consoquoneco.

Tho month of Juno last snw Quebec tho scene of a tumultuous riot, frot::i the assomLlngo ofa lnwless mob of unemployed operatives antl the iJle H.} mpBtltizers

who irrrnrinbly attach thomsolvoti to any such disortlerly movomont with tho rr0t1pect of plundor. The l:iOldierlike conduct of" B" battery, under Lt.-Colonel T. B. Strango,

Royal ..A.rtillery, which af•er being obliged to fire upon the mob finally dii:ipOrbatl it for

tho tiu1c1 !in-. alroudy beon fa>ourably noticed in General Orders. 1'ho promptitude

with which three infantry bnttalions upon the shortel:lt notico, procoeded by train from

Montreal to Quebec during tho night-bas alt;o been prominently acknow ledgeJ.

Thi reinforcement, acting with tho Quebec Ca>alry, Artillery and Infaot1·y, event­

onlly rcducod tho mob to ot·dor and rostorod confidence in tho city.

Again in the following month, a force of three thousand offict'rs and tnl\ll was

a .. embled under my perbonal command in .Montreal, for the proservntion of tho

}Jublic peace und the safoty of the city. The conduct of thi8 force, and

it.-, pnhenco aml <liocipline under provocation, elicited my admiration and

warm commendation. The City authorities, the public press and the country at large,

nck11owlcdgcd with n generous voice that the pre~ence of this forbearing :ind impo!iing

force s:.n oo Montru.t! from scenes of bloodbhod and violence. The Governo1 Gcnornl in

Co.in ii p! 11od a minute expro:.:.in~ tboir approLation of the moaburcs t:i.!~ca for the

preservation of the public pea.co upon thib occasion, under alarming ch·cumstirnco~, nud of the o ibsequeut difficult question of maintaining harmony between tho civil

and military without conflict of authority or misunderl:ltanding as to tho rospoctive

dutic of each· Thi.., minute, though ~pocifically recognizmu the Geuerul Officer

<iommnnJin:;, undoubtedly reflected equal cro<lit through him :pon tho ontire foroo

ei~ploj ed. It e~ieite1l in terms of g1·eat satisfaction, the approliation of lli1:1 Royal

llighnO! s the Field :\far.,bal Oommandiug in Chief and of the Right IIonol'ablo Iler Mnie tv f:i Sccrutary• of Stnto fo th Cul · U

1 •

• " •• J .. r o on1es. pon the 1mme occns10n, t.,,), lho Militia Corp~ ofQuebec had to bo callod upon to ga1Ti1:100 tho Citadel in tL -:i :d.>scnco of" 13" Ilattery in Monti· al cl i~ t' l

. . c 1 an w con mne um er arms for tho protMti<m of tho ~ity. tmtd the result of tho apprchoudo<l disturbance11 in Montreal bee .. mo known.

twill not be forgotten either that the crowd that witnol!sod tho Jo1;arture of " D"

Jlnttory, gave a cheer when they hnd started, and rushed off fihouting: "~ow then lmrrnh for tho Citadel I" \. · l 1 .

• consit crab o portion of' the samo mob proceodod to Monlr°".I by steamer the noxt day Armed with re\"olvors to tako part in tho riotou~ procccdmg~ which but ft . tl · .

' ' 01 10 imposmg prcsonco of the troons wo11ld probably htn o < urrcd. • '

xi

I wentiou lhu o fact:i, not for the purpo:.e of rocalliug sceues no"'· p8.3t and at.

1hc timll only too woll publishol over tliu whole of thb Continont au J throughirn•t

'the E~pi1·e, b~t in the hop~ of creating reflection in th~ public mind which may i 1ru11t, m due time cause au important and much needed 1mprovolllontin tho condition of our National Forcell.

It cttnnot but ho nppa1·ent th:tt with tho probability of si milar tumultuous

gatborings in our large citfos, whether they may ari110 from party procc,,..,ions, which

unfortanately and illogically have boon imported through more sontimont from Greut

Britain into this young country, whether they are caused by labor riots, railway

strikes or by any of the many causes which distract the roughor portion of the populati1m, it can hardly be considered fair, and it might oven prove nn unsuccessful

essay to continue to rely altogether upon a Volunteer ~Iilitia alone to maintain the public peace.

It muot be borne in mind that the Militia. Battalions are co~1poscd in most caQes

of citizens residing in the same locality in which they may be bronght into hootile

collision with their fellow citizens, and that should lo:>S of life unfortunately occur in

the performance of their milit..-iry,duty, the result may boa <lange1ou.-$ bo~tility, fraught

with fatal consequences, for many subsequent years.

Therefore, I venture again to approach the llubject of the ostablilihment ef a

small permanent force, which I have frequently before suggested, nn1l last year

recommended to consist of three battalion:; 01' infantry of 500 men each.

Early in August last I drew up a report on the subject of permnnunt military

cstnbliohments, which was .;ubmitte1 to tho then Premier nn•l aftermmi.tJ to the

Imperial authoritie~. And during my snh:;e11uent Yi:.iit to England I bad the plt:!asuro

of di:.cUJJbing tho que;,tion tlevoral time:,. So fi1r a-, I know, hO\VO\'Cr, nothing as yot;

has boeu taken up in a. practical form.

The basis of thi'3 pl:tn waq, snpposin,; that tho Canadian Go\"ornment wero

willing to maintain three Regimentq, compo"od of two B:lttalions ench, to be both

raised and recl'Uited in Canntln, ono to i;cr\•o in England nnd ono nt home, anti to

be interchangeable ovo1'>' threo years. The men to ho en!iqtoo for six years, and

after that to pa~s into n. rosorve, with 11. small grant of lnnd or othor i111lucement to reside pormn.nontly in Canndn, nnd with a stake in tho country.

The ad>antnges ,vould be that C:madian troop~ 'vouhl ho thoroughly well trainoo

and imbued with a Britioh spirit, as well ns di ciplincd up to a high Rtandard ofe~­ciency, causing n complote solidarity between Canadian and Imperial forces, .and 10

<'Ase of wa1· the systom could bo oxpan<led lo nny extent commcn~nrato mlh tho

population nnd rotlources of tho Dominion.

xii

Tho chief difficulty appoarod to me to arise in !!tarting tho!lystorn, l\'I lo wliother

recruitd 11hould scn·o tho fit . t part of thoi1· timo and bo drillo<l in Onnndn, or be ahippod off at onco to Engl:lnd, roturniug nt tho expiration of throo Y"nr.'1 flS effkicnt

eoldien1, and to scr\"o hero for tho remaining throe yenrs of thoir on iistmcut. In my memorandum I oudoavotn·ed to provide for thiA 1mfo~factorily, nnd I also recommondod

that tho co:;t of i;o:l trnn~port !lhould bo defrayed by tho British G-o,·omment, in

return for tho three C:rna<lian battalion~ whoso services would be at thoir di Hpoa:i.l.

An amendment to this i;chomo proposed, that throe battalions only shouhl ho por­

mauently recruited in Cnnndn, and that trienuinlly they should bo intorchnngoablo

with throe bnttalionsof tho lino from Englund: thil:! might moot tho roquiromont~ of

this country oqnnlly well, urnlcr a i-;omewhnt different form, and I th iuk it onl.Y a

question to choo e between tho plnn~ without ~cry much objection to tho

adoption of oithe1·- Cnnnda would, without doubt, bo tho gainor in any l'Mc.

Wo :;hould then hnvo c:.tnbli;,hcd a bt:tndard of excellence up to which t ho ~Jilitia

r.ould impro'f"o their condition, and we :-hould moreover ensuro a constant in terthnnge

and current of Bri ti:~h sontiment, habit::1 nnd idons which wonld weh.l moro suroly tho

link~ of our Imperial connection.

A third tmgge:;tion has nbo been under discuc;sion, and it is very simplo a~ for as

it goe:;, but it does not provide tho permanent military force that Canada m ust have,

.and the soor1or the better. Tho suggestion is to recruit and maintain a bodJ of

selected Cnnndinns for three or six years' f'en'ico in the British army, and at the

expiration to return them as drillo1l and dit!ciplincd soldiers to Canada to bo employed

as Drill In:-.tructor:; in :\[ilitia Regiment~, and to bo on rolled as u Ro~ervo with induce­men ts of grants of land uod pay for their drill Hervicc8.

Any of thc-o propo-.itions would by-and-bye provide for a wan t T h:n·o ca,.nc tly

called uttention to ernr since my firbt tour of inf;poction in 187 .1, and that is,

disciplined nnd educntcd Drill In tructors foi· tho ~filitia. Either of the th· t tw<>

scheme.s wo~ld equally provide what I hnvo abo urgently recommen<lc<l yo:u· aflcr

year, viz.: Schools of Instruction whoro young officer!) and non-commiai;ioncd officers could be fought re-.pect for authority, drill, discipline, interior economy, the rnnnnge­

ment of men, tho experience ancl knowledge of character, and tho solf-1·elinnce that alone can command respect a d b d' f . . . · n o e 1cnco rom those over whom they aro plnc:ed; for ccrtnrn 1 t IFJ that in order to c:<>m J ·ti h · · · mane w1 i nut onty 1t 1s absolutoly necessary to have first learned to oboy Wh · 1i· . . . · ere is t is virtue so thoroughly taug ht, nftor n Ind lenves lus public school or university, as in military establishments or in tho rnnks of our battalions?

I ha>e Be>eral times before pointed out, and I repeat it, that since tho British troops were taken from Ca 1 th .. 1.1 .. . nru a e .il i ilia have no means, beyond thcoreticnl :readmg and tho nso of model f · · . s, o acqumng drill, of learning disciplino, of studying

xiii

tho vnri~u m0<los_ of hn1.1dling troop~,. and of gaining the ~clf-relinnce that experience and hnb1t ~rndor d1ffic ul t1c · <'nn alone m~ulca te. A mnn may fl pond hi lifo in todying mat hornat1 c!) and tho mo tab tru o subJCCb, awJ become porfc tly al n Joq if roquircd

to h:mJlo fh·o l11111dro<l mon, oven in tho face of a mob; ho•'>' much more would ho bo likoly to bocomo perplexed in front of an organized onomy ?

.As I have stated, the mili tary p rofo!l!jion requires education ns rnuch as lhO!!e of

the lenmod profc8aion8, al th0ug h the members of the latter may u0t be l\Wnro of it , .mid it i:; a delusion to think that it is t ime enough when alarm uri .. es to call for :i

Jei·ee en masse for tho Aafety of a country . I repeat that nn armed undi .. ciplined

multitude of officers and men are but a r ope of ;;and, and as dungorou~ to their friouds aa their foes.

It j,. admitted thn.t n military force has tho outward appearance of heing n co ... ly

in~m an co for tho i;afoty an .t t!lnbility of a nation, especially M happily their ~cr\"'it•eis

arc not very frequently calle<l for. Therefore, in ordinary times troop~ muy np1 enr

an u nneec:'!~ary ii!cubus on tho publ ic purse. But preparation for un emergency i

frequently los:> c0stly a nd more sure than hn~tily providing for clifilcultics when they

arit•e, and a nation backed by a moderate mili tary e!ltablishment cnn gi,·o effect to its

measure,; and command a respect from its neighbours which a W(•nk uanrmoo poopl~

would fail to inspire .

At no time diJ it appear lcs!I likely that we should hn\"O any mi!;trnrler.<11.'lnding

with our friendly neighbour on this conti nent, our eou<iio,, hy kin1lrccl an<l dePceot,

than at the pre,.ent. But we arc always liable to the cffor\"c,.cing unre'lt of 11 section

of people who periodically rise to the !'urfaco, and o:eem quite di"lpoqoo to make

pir.:if ical i ncur:, i on~ upon our torrilory. During tho early pnrt or this yonr, when

po:t1.:o or w ur ;-;cumotl o l ually bnlnncc<l in E urope, the"e unNa.;onnble nnd illO'~icnl

pooplij wore rcportoil to Lu 01·ganizing nnd continunll.r d1 illiug in many of the

pop ilous citic:. of t ho "(.; nior1. ll anlly a we£>k clup~oil for mnny month" without lcttor8.

boin . .{ rcccivo<l hy m y.,,clf or hy ~omo member of tho Gon!rnmeut, gidug friendly

and disintcrc~tcii war uing th:it a marauding dc .... ccnt Wd" moditntcd upon C'auacln. &> :Luthcntic wero the acconnt~, that the GoYcrnmonL directed me to toke precaution-:. Arin~ anJ ummunition woro l'<Crvo l out to nil the c.wp,i of !IIilitia alou~ tho wholu lino or fronticl' , from ~hcrbmoko to Lako Huron, cxton<ling 500 mile~. (;IJll"4 and

howitzori:; wcro placed in cortnin po~it i 'lns a!o11~ the ... hMc., of ~t. {'luir Hi\·cr, Ii:Lkc,i.

El'io and On tu1·io, and on tho Hi\·er St. L.1wrencl'. tilted with -.hip csrl'iu..:o, to nrm

~teamer~ which wo.·c proparc 1 t-0 rcc:o;vo them. A dol·tchm ·nt of artillo1·ymen w.L-<

hold in rcatlinc.s':l to m:tn thc-.u gnn!'l, m11l several other prcc:rntionury mea-.nrc ... which

ordinary pruilcnuo snggcstc 11 wcro taken to prcvcnt :-urpri ... c. 'l'ho o wornin~" bec:i.me moro frcqnun t until the Uisem hlil!!C in .,Ionfre:ll of :t for•o of three th1111~3nd m"n 11 11d1•r my 1•1)m n nn1l on the '.! 1th of 'fin-. to cclo 1w11tc tho Q 1 •on'-: Birth luy in

prcw~nc.c of His E xcclloncy the (;o\·cr111w-Gonernl. At thi~ rc\'iew nn1l uli~equent.

xiv

~ehl operation ~, I nm credibly iuforrncd mnny emi<1Rarie~ and lt•ndor~ of tho so-called;

Feoian or Commnnbtic org1u1izntion woro pro:c1ent, an1l apparently they lonroed a whole8on1e le wn from tho quality of the men the)· might meot in nrm~, for troin that day to thill we have ha<l 110 tnrtbor warningti.

Tho impo!!ing force whieh hold ~Iontrenl on tho 12th July following, g1m1 those.

o~uro and mi11guidod men n further practical proof that Canada was not to be. trespasM.>tl upon, nor its fair territory invaded with impunity by lawless an<l disoi'Ciel'ly

poop le.

The Militia of Cnnndn is n loynl, manly, and a vnluablo forco, deserving every fostering cnre of the Go,·ernrncnt, nnd I tru<1t the pt·aisoworthy exortion::i of the > gentlemen who officer this excellent force, nnd who have devoted time, money and

labour to mnint:iin its efficiency with but mengre enconragemont, may eTOntually meet with duo consideration and reward.

Whoo first I came to Canada, I belie>e the Pal'lia.mentary grant for the Militia

amounted to about a million and a. half of dollars per annum, and with that sum the

42,000 men were annually trained in Brigado cnmps for the full poriod allowed by

~aw. The foll..,wiog and each succeeding yenr the vote was decreased, until last year

it :imounted to le!ls than one million dollarb, ont of which the maintonanco of the

Roya~ Military College and tho ~forth-West Mount0<l Police havo become a charge

upon it. Therefore the paid training of tho Militia has beon reduced to a minimum

onl.y .one-half the force being embo li0tl for twelve days dl'ill in oach year, and 8UC~ trammrr as that amounts to ·s nl t I b · ·

o 1 • mo::< ll'e ess, emg really little moro than u.n v.rmetl muater at b:lttalion and comp:my headquarters.

Fortunately for the count ti B 1. ry, 10 attn ions are commanded and in general officered, by gentlemen of zoalo t . . '

. . . as pa not1~m and strong military proclivitie~, 1uHl in tho various c1tie!; the.}' have f 00 . . con mu to a :<emblo their mon for unpaid drill a~ often as posa1ble,10 the long and unoc "ed . .

cu pi 'nnter evon10ga. Thereforo city battalions and corp~ of all arms aro in an oflic" t b

'-- • icn state, ut country battalions are owincr to the .ainence of such opportunitie3 an'1 fi T . I ' o too , aci ihes, ess so. However they a1·e fa.irl v dl'illed

. They are fully al'med cloth d <l . 1heir "fl .._. ' 0 an O<].uippe<l. They aro pl'Oficiont in tho the of

rt e~, uomg ns a rule capibl h L <l (' croditabh· · 1. . 1

5 0 :;, an a ie\v weeks would imffice to pl1tco thom

.1 10 me wn 1 nny troop~.

The National )lilit:u·y For"os f C· T humbh· sul ·t h ~ · 0 .tnada, may I be pardoned for saying, 11houl<l,

.1 Hill , ave an annual Pa·)" snd ifthc L · 1 t . 1 iarnent:i.ry vote of about two million dollnni,

eg1~ a ure \V1ll acco<le to tbnt I ·11 d military force I · 1 th ' ' wi en:mre tbom a better 1fo1ciplino

, w11r1 econntryma\•1·c,,, ·<l · 1 . money well laid 0 t B . • • oa1 wit l satisfaction. And it would bo

11 . ut, withal it wo1il I b f th fi ahould he purely militar a 1 . ' 0 0 o irtit nccosHity that tho forco

y O( entirely rclie,·ed from nll political infiuonco. Every

XY

==================================-== etforL bhoultl be nsotl to ron<lot· it in all rc~pects fit for aciivo service, to con i. t of no

more officera n.nd mon than could be m;efully trained ; that cavalry, artillery, en~i­

neer1J an<l infantry should be represented in localitio11 where each arm would bo mo~t neoful, and it should be understood ibat troop~ 01· companies cannot be rai eel meroly ti) please eome local community, without any pra.ctical view a.a to the need of

that particular force in that place. In fa.ct we should al"aye take care that each

link of onr chain is in i~ proper place, and remember that no chain is stronger than

its weakeet link. It is I think my duty to submit that political pressure of this kind

should be reeistod, and that the force should not be overcrowded by raising corps ~

please communitio.lj, costing money which is much required to maintain the forcothat

is absolutely wanted for the defence of the country, and which sh<iuld not be stronger

than tho moans of maintaining it in soldierlike condition ab:1olutely permits. There are even now some corps that might be dispensed with.

The Militia grant last year was exactly 8931,956, from which deduct 1306,356,

for North-West Mounted Police, and 850,000 for the Royal :Military College, leaving

aomewLat more than half-a-million dollars for militia. purposes propor,an<l the supply

of all warlike stores.

The supply of military stores takes a considerable portion of this grant. It comprises clothing for the whole force, which has to be frequently renewed, and for

the two Gunnery SchooltJ Lwice a year, great coats, rifles and material for their

repair, ammunition, field and garrison guns, saddlery, gunpowder, as well as

accoutreme11t:; and equipments of every desoription that an army require<1. So that,

in fact, aftor deducting besides, salaries, pay for drill instruction to Cnptnin11, i;toro

keepers, rent" for armouries and storo-houses, fuel nn<l light, Artillery nod Ride

Associution allowaucos, band pay, targe~. drill sheds, rifle range~ and contingeucies

for gonerAI flervice not otherwise provided for, there rematob for the drill pay and

incidental (\Xpensos attendant on drill and training, only tho meagre and int1ufficient

aurn of$155,000, Ol' ab\Jut £30,000 sterhng. This sum i11 quite inadequate to koep tho 4i,000 _\1ihtia of Caonda in a proper state of training and effoctivene~~. amounting

npproximately to the a.nnnal cost of n sin~le British Battalion of tho line: What

progr<'-"' "'"'' 11. grmf'ral offioer make iu this en.so ? Ile can only feel him,.elf a :-ou~e of diRn1mointmeot to the oxcollont and loyal body of officers and men under hts

command, wbo look to him for support.

I would vcnturo to sngge~t thnt if it be possible to supplement the Pnrliamo.n·

tary gra•1t, wo should endeavour to ro>ert to tho sy:item of brigade camp~, &'I in

1815 and l•revious yonrs. In such camp' the friendly rivalry botwoon corps cau~cs

a whole,.0-rn" rnd beneficial emulation, nnd the officer,; nnd men have an opportunity

ofcomp.u11c1h.iing the method ofhnndling lar.;o bodie,; of troop'1 U':l they mi~ht 1>8

usod. up01; .~;;tivo t-orvico.

.xvi

.. ~f bri~ndc cnm·p' nrc ob cctc I l >,it hn been sug~c<itcd to mo that two lni·go di\'"' nnl c:rn1p" m10ht be form Int Xirqnm nud Lu prairie rc,pcc:ti,·cly, for Out:u·io nnd. Qucucc:. It lin been bUlm1it1t•<l thnt tho Xingnrn cnmp could he compO>it•d of four rcguncnh of Cn,·nlry, :-ix Fie! I Batteries of Artillery, one l'Ot'ps of J~u"ineci·s

nnd ixtccn Bnttnliou:- of [nf:iutry nmounting t-0 about:-0 1

Cnvnlry ............................... ... ....... . 700 Officer" n11d )fen . . Al'Lillery ...................... . . ................ . 430 II "

Engiucor" ... . .. .. ............................ .. . . 75 11 ,,

lnfonll'y ....................... .. . ................ 15000 " " , )Inking nn nppl'oximato lotal of nbout 6,000 of all rank1:1.

The co,..t approximately of :l!>"Cmblin~ anti drilling :mch a force, which ohouhl

hn~o mnrching- money jc;..,ucd un lcr arru1~gcmc11t-. t-0 be made U\' each comm1rndin" oilkor, would bo prob:tblr- • o

Mnrchin~ mono)·, nccording l > the Jap occupic\l each

way, ut 50 cent" por diem, per man ............. ... .... . Pn~ 6,000 officer.; and men for 16 day:- ..... .... . .... .. .... .. Rat1011~ nt 25 cents a dny .... ............. ............ .. ........ .

Cost ofsuch another camp near Montreal. Drill a ... .... .......... . p r for S,000 men to make up the 20,000 ••...... . .

10,000

75,0o

25,000

e110,000

110,000

50,000

$270,000

If thi-. plnn were po~-il>lc, it would ccrt:1inl • ' . . to tho in tructim of tho { b . J le a !'ub tantinl bcneht, not only

o1 cc, ut woul \ c1rcuhtG such 1 . mentn would ,,0 for tv\\"uJ k . . • cnt i 1s1a-;111 and oncouracro-

• ~ • i> ccpmg .hvc tho mTt·.. . o to excel Ill cfli ioucy. It wo JI f i '.115 sentiment, und lho dc.si1·0 . u ' ' o cour .. c ho prefo1 abl tl t 1 . rn oac•h ~Iilitnrv J>i trict in th J) .. ' • c ia t It' c11t1ro ~lilitin force .r. w 0 ~1111n1 11 houlrl ho , 1 1 1 . . JOI' 1 do not nttach mucl I .1 ~c111 J ct 111 1k1gade Camps

' I a vantngc to tho s . t I' . . . , und Company head-quul'ture. )ti cm <J md1v1dual drill aL Battalion

. If we had C:n·:ilry and Jufantl'y S ·lwol:; officers and uon-commi:;-.ione I ff r;imi l:u· to tho G u11nory Schoob, then

·' o 1cc1·'1 eould m·tkl' ll 1 anu com pctont to be d ·· 11 . . iem-;o \"C~ tl101·1>1wh ly 'J ua\iliod 11 rn tr11ttors. But 1lie' .. o

chance to lc.-irn, nnd l1ow c·an ti . I . . J <.rnr.ot toacl1 wlio liavo hucl no ·

1 IC) C'.1111 unless Go ..

s1mp c nud incxpc11 ivc a 1 I .. 1 • \:crnmcnt p1·ovides tlio motUlf'

I f ' I> 10\\Cu m Ill\' hst . , '

n an try Companies cost" 1

.J • .\ 0111' 6 rcporL: three embodied

mg on y about S l IJ,000 per ann nm.

1Iowo\·er, if it be cont-Omplntcd to cmbo l nllurlod to, then the ;\filiti Wl)'tl l I ' y permanent battalions, tmeh I\ 1 hnvo hn • T tn\ 0 mplc. means of 1 ·

\ 1·:; m1 1tnry iu11Lruction plO\ idcd 1 . carn111,; all heii· tlntit-1'1 by >.} ear·h b:lltnlion "'l ·

• J 11s \\OUld c•c1·tni11ly far

:iCTii

~nrp!lb!I the mull C{lrnp:iny Sd1ools which I havo so long n k04l for, hoping thnt when .(111ce i11troducc I in a mnll an I mo le t form the y tern woul l prove o u eful

ultim:ttcly to oxpaml 011 u l:u·gcr and rnoro comprchc11. ivo t>C!llc.

'l'ho want of' mcanF! fo1· clcrncntm-y in,.,tructio11 of young ofl1cors nud crgcnnL,

<1f c:l\'al1-y anti infantry is a :;ubjecl of comrno11 complaint to me throughout tho ('ountry wherever I go on my tom·~ of duty, and tho non-complin11co with it i-1 1

fear, nttribulc<l to want of intcrc::.t in the force. This acts projudicinlly in mnny

ways, for the ~1ilitia comprises a very influential body ot men with a powerful

weight in tho country.

I here repent sug~o:stions I hnn~ made in previous report

1. '.rhc cutiro .\lilitia force ~houltl be 1l!·illo<l annually for the full period allowod

by law

2. Three model schools, for Cavalry and Infantry, embodying three npnni• of

80 to 100 men each, at an approximnto annual co~t of 8114,000.

3. A permanent and paid Adjutant and Sergeant,.)fajor to each battalion of

Infantry, tho latter to act as Regimont.'\l Storekeeper, and Loth oompl!lcnt drill

instruct ors.

4. A 1mc::, accoutrements and clothing of rural corp~ should bo stored at the

beadquartors of each battalion under one rec:ponsible caretaker.

6. Tho rotlnction of sovon GatTi,,on Bnttcrie-. in Ontario, there being no gun for

them to man. (Pago 25 of last year's report.)

6 . .An inc1·ca"o to tho artillery in Quebec and Kingston, whore the ·care impor­

tant work,, of dd'once and a largo armament.

'i. \ -.;)Of'inJ tax to prm·idc fund ... for rnilil·n·~- c·.:l<tl1li-.lJ1nN1t" (P ·~"" 10 1n1i 1.l,

ast year's report.) 8. Ciuvcr,.,icrn of i:;mooth-bo1·c ~1111...: into rifled ortlnanco at the )lontroal Engine

Work~, utter I c,.ting tho 3~ pouudcr now under tri:\I.

n. ClllH.:roto platfol'l11'i to be fini.;he l on the ,,;1licnt.; of tho force 1"6vi.; fort ... , to

mount the 7-illl:h gun~.

10. 11'11 ...:omplclo the :-;upply of Snider rith, ... in tho connti-y to 100,000, with 30U

1·011:Hl':l of ball cai·trnl~o, per rifle.

At ptC'•cllt thc1·0 :u·c only ~l.000 ritlc." in ~toro, ::i.ml 10,0UO in the himtJ ... of tho

')lilitia, with not more than UU roun<b of amm1111it1011, per rifle.

11. \Tontrcal 1lrill ~hod relmillling ~hould be pit:::;-.eti hy tho Government, or tho

Corporation 1>1tl' 1 for $1 ~.ooo.

1 ~. 'l'hl' Ii ill Rhed ahtmL to l;o bniit nt Oltawn Ja.,t year, ltou' A nt co .. on-

iilr1w1 · '· 1 i'! mo ... t urgently 1(•q11i:cd.

xviii

13. A p:1rt} of Enginco1. to oo attacho<l to "A" nnd " B "Batterio.q, to mu in tnin the:

Fortress 11t <Juol>ee nnd tho Forts nt Kingston in constnnt repnir.

&>me of the sngg~ tion" thore mado hnvo boon nctcd on, notably:

.Arming F*]nirnnlt nnd \riC'toria, Brifo1b Columbia.

Consolidated p'ly to Brigndo-Majors. Rednctiv11 of staff.

Reconstruction of Ottawa Cnvalry.

Armourers fo1· Kiugston and Toronto. And some othor11.

. ! ~ my report o.f last year I ventured ngnin to call attention to the unprotected cond1twn of tho Pacific Const of Briti::.1h Col um bin. This hnd forcibl struck mo wlum at 'Vnncmn-01· I~land in 187'" I · 1· y • . <>, !UH immo< mtely upon my return I brought th subJ~t to notice. I !;luted, in support of my proposition, that thou<rh it mi•Tht ~ ~n~1~c1·cd tho dcfonce of F,,;quimnlt was an Imperial, rnthe1· th:u a Do~ninion iab1hty, yet thnt it intimately concerned the honor of both . 1 th

8 't' h , anu e supremt~cy of rJ I); nnnll power in thnt r rr' I .

h • eo1on. tis necessary for our security on the Pac 'fic

~o a:ot~i~::~s ~:~~uld ;et well guarded, our fleots must keep the sea, and they cantno~ B 't' l . . • . n ure hnl:! provided this nil-powerful element at Nanairuo and

r1 i-. t lfl"ll10cL of a former ll" . , f , l oe, ignorant o the value it would attain in the futu e

sccurC( to us tLe pince of its aOOJe, Vancouver Islan r ' over, nntil the til>rin.., IJf !n~t d. No step Will:! tuko11, how-

o ....., yoar when in co "Cimb1. " t . h' . . , ' nscquence of the arrival of tho

in r.; e.1m,. tp Ill .Amencan watol's with a I . .., . n cargo of lien\"'y rifled O'U bo· ..,1 ' • a100 body of Russian soamon, an<l

o ns on Un..1 I cons1dere<l 't d . tho Government a report of tho , t ' my uty agnrn to l:lubmit to-

. unpro octcd condition f th h . Pacific sea-board of the Do . . 0 o w olo Atlantic and mm1on.

Thi., qn(l~tion having been mn1le the snb'cct I)( n r cniment, it followed that soon aft J J cforence to the Imperial Gov-

Oo . erwar s ropo1 t~ were soot t d loninl 1>cfcncc Committ"" t th W · on, rawn UIJ by t1i& "" a c a1· Office.

Wjth rcciard to E-;q11imalt nn I v· t . • ic •11·1' we wore info d th I

rnmis.siouers of the Admil'ait • . . d I .' . rme at t 10 r~orda. J w.11vc t ieubiection thoy hal .

1111ggCi ti1JU foi· tho loan of tl . · < prov10usly made to my te guns tn store 'lt f<'-1'lui It d k

Her .Majo:ity's crui-.ers Tl 1 1

' , ma oc yard until roquirotl fol" . . . ic w io o armament in sto h

War Oflice or the Adm'. It ro, w other bolongirw to the G

ua y, wa'i thor·efore placed at th d' n oni.rnmcnt for the defonco of th . o ispo:;al of tho .Dominion

· cso point.q, nncl Lt ·Colonel I · R wa.., 1mrne<liatcly clespatched f· Jr· · rwm, oynl Artillery th

1 orn }.. t ng:'lton to Victoria t 1 ' ose guul:!, nn<l to mount th o se oct emplacoments for

ern on works wbich 110 was ompowor~,1 to vu const:·'-lt.:L.

JA.-Colonol r rwin, imrne liatol • II on l . . by my orclors, in personal co .} . p . ll'i . 111·1·1val llt Victol'ia, plac·!'l liimsol f.

i.,. _ mrnun1cntion with tho S . 'T , avt>Uncc of the A<lmiral and ·r . enror ... ~avo.l Officer in tbo

' nc rng togothorw1th pe1fo~t harmony and un1.1.ni1:1ity of

:xix

~~========-========================

1,urpose throughout, the naval and military officere hl\vo placed 8 very offc live

armament around the harbours of Victoria and F."quimnlt.

It was found necessary for this purpose to mount ton piecoi of

position, arranged as follows:-

Finlayson Point.. ................... .

Victoria ................ ... ... . ....... .

Macaulay ............................ .

2

2

3

64 pounder,

6.t pounder

7 inch (i~ ton

R.M.L.

" "

Broth or's Island . ... ...... ••• • .. .. .. { 21

68 inch 9 ton " 4 pounder "

ordnuco in.

The Harbour of Esquimalt would have been further fortitiod if a battery hnd

been erected on a commanding eminence within the ba!)in which bas been often

pointed out. I regret to observe that still the Harbour of Nanaimo, tho ~cat of tho

coal supply, remains unprotected by any military forr.o beyond a Company of Uitlc.i.

Its approaches present every feature requisite for easy defence by Cl'OS3 firo from

batteries.

I request attention to Lt.-Colonol Irwin's general report in the appendix. The

report itself and the plans of the batteries have been forwarded to the Imperin l

Govem m@nt.

As a caretaker is necessary to visit these batterie~ regularly, it j.; ~ugge.,(od thnt

a propol'ly qualified non-commissioned officer from the Royal, or Marine, Artillery be

appointed, or from one of tho Canadian Schools of Guonory, as the guns and btorw

are of vory considernble value, and might detoriornto if suffered to ru-.t. H

i8 also of consequence that the gun platforms should bo b'n»or;,c:.l at Ion.st ou<'c a

month, and tho guns on Rtanding carriages run up and back at the !lame interval-..

A small working party should be periodically paid for this service. The bna1:: r­

ies have oach beon housed in with wooden shods to pl'Otect thorn fror:t the weather.

To man these ten heavy rifled guns the only pre,;ent means are tho mumbttl':i of

the Gnrri.;on Battery on rolled by LL-Colonel Houghton, Deputy Adjul~mt-Genoral , :111d

in somo degree dl'illod nnd instructed by Lt.-Colonol Irwin. They number bo11t

fifty of nil ranks, but cannot be counted upon, as yot, as skilful nrtilleristfl. The

battery if! howeve1· fortunate in being commanded by nn officer of much energy and

zeal, Captain Dupont; nnd the Instructor, Lieut. McNaughton, who Pl\."' ed

through tho Kingston Gunnery School, is a capable officer.

Owing to the isolated position of Victoria, the >ory limited population nnd th~ l1igh rnte of w:iges for labour, grant difficulties nrise agnin'lt the e..-,tablishmcnt of an

efficient Militi!l. Artillery corp~, either ~ufficiantly numerous or properly trt iuoJ. lo

man theso guns :md maintain an effective firo against nrmed ship~ in motion, a du ty

requi1:ing thorough training. f bnvo in pre\·ious annual report~, and io tiUU•C [UCllt

memornnd:i, 1mggostod that, for the purpose of manning the batterioa of Vicroria and

£11quimn.lt1

it would bo most prudent to maintAin a smnll forco of about ono hnndrod

xx

Im me A1 tillerymen in Vnn .. OU\'Cl' r land, nnd I lllll gr:ttifictl to ob Ol'VO that,

without n y communication bet\\ oon Ho:1r Admiral de Hor:-.cy nnJ myRol f, he hM

cxprt: ... I n imilar uggc tion to tho ];ords Commb,,ionors of tho .Admimlly. J;t -Colo1 cl Irwin likowi-.o coincide ... in tho ~umo opinion, nnd prt>po1>cs ubo, us nn :1lt-0rnntivc, tJint tho Onn:tdi:m ~ohool:; of c;nnnory might provide the wholo or a. J>Ol'tion of the men. 'omo 1>1tch forco i:'l 11ccc ... :-:1ry1 not only to mnn und pl'OI ocl. tho guns, :-tores nnd bnttoric-., but to form a training :;chool fo1· tho Voluntoo1· ArLillory­

mcn, :md if n :-ullicient numbc1· ol' artiticor:; ~uch as btonemasons, bricldttyOl·s Md caq cntoh were included, tho wo1·k of converting tho om-thorn battol'ios into

dofoncos of n moro permanent cli:11·:wtcr tould be gradually carried on economically.

Offers of -c.n;ce-. wero nnmerou,..Jy made to Lt.-Colonol IIonghton anti L t.-Colonel Irwin, bv por on-. uot conuectcd w;th tho yoluntcor force but who o:irprcssod willing-11c..~ to servo in the event of Jio,,tilitics. lio\vovor loyally such spon tnnoou~ offers aro mnde, 12nd liowe>er much tho)· aro to be rc,,pected for the patriotism and public pint they l'xbibit, I fe:1r tho vuluo of i:;uch assistance in duties requiring tho

prnctic. I intolliJcnce and education of artillerymen, and a careful COlll'tlo of training

under competent io~tructor:-1 would fall for :;hort of tho neccsi:;ary 1:>tandarcl l q ualitica !ion.

Bnconrn.;emcnt nnd a.ssi::-tanco should bo given to the Victorin Volunteer Battery, and lltl tbe 01dmary price of labour in Briti1:1h Columbia. is double that of Ontario nncl Quebec, as I am informed, special inducements might Lo given to attend <lrill, rand to tho.so officers and men who ha\'O pa:)'e<l qualifying oxaminat.iom; before Lt.-Coloocl Houghton, who hold,, a fir ... t.cla~s certificate from the Quobee School of Gunnery.

Before quittini.; thi:- 'ulJjeet, I venture to acknowledge tho obligationH wo are under lo R '.lr Admiral do HoNcy, Cornmnuder in Chief in tho Pacitic; Captain ". lfoi I, }'Jn? C:tpt!lin ; Captnin lh·row , Hoyal ~farinc Artille1-y; Gumwry Lwutonsnt Lmd ay, of H.M.s. " 'hnh"; C'aptnin H 1bin:-1on, of JI."LS. •·Opal,"

nnd the otlcr offi·ers nnl e.11nen employed inn." i ting Lt-Colonel Irwin, who performed hi'! duty 'vith great ability, a11d who speaks in term;; of prai~o of tho

cordial nnd hearty co.opc111tio11 he rcc"-Oi\·cd in tt-an:--porting and mon11ting tho::io gun.

':ith rc,;ar<l to the defonc·c of tho ~\tlantic C'oatSt, it wn~ rccommemlcd thnt on P rt 1 l~e T I. n I in the Ba . r St J I ,.

.} o • · · o 111, 4,.n .. a b:ltte1·y shoulrl be ai·mcd with four 7-mch 7·ton 1 if! d rruoq .11 I th 6 t d ,., ,. •c ice ·fJJun e1·wrought-ironguns; Xc!{ro Point, with

t\\tJ7-t.onnnd thrceti4-J>Onnders· S•1 • (' . • 1 • .} < ncy, apo Bref:m1, two battol'icl\ i 11 1>11ccc:'Hion auJ m uppo · of oach oth · c 1 ·

• ci, on 1upc an I Mmes Points, each to h:wo two 7-ton :m<l two 6t pounder riflled gun · ·m I 1~.1 l r> • > • , ' • on :t1.1Wfirt <11nt, two 7-ton and two 6 l-po1111doi·s; 1 11 o 1 d\\ 1rd li,lnnd two~ t d t . ' '

011 nn wo 61-pounder rifled guns 011 Bntt crJ' Point i J>1ctou :r • th . ,..

1 1 ' ., rec H0n nnc t nee GI-pounders on Moodio Point.

xxi

Tho total co·t of thc:;o u:·mamont , with 100 rouad of ammunition p01· gm, was estimated at about £50,000 stol'!ing, 1mbject to cortuin •lcduction!I, nccording to the dofonce!i which might to adopted for Charlottetown and Sydney.

Boing doi,ii rod to roport upon tbi1:>1 I ~nsidere<l what might Lo within the power of the GoYern mont to perform, having regard to tho financial condition of the country and tho re~ourcm; at thcil' disposal. Thero can be no doubt that wherever we ha\·o

emooth-boro guns mounted along our coasts, they i;hould bo replaco<l by rilled guns of heavy ca.libi·e. It was proposed the Dominio~ Government should purcha".O nineteen ti-ton 7-inch rifled muzzJo.Joading guns and nineteen GJ.poundcr wrought-u"On gua'!;

tho firat named gunH co,;t about .Cl,000; and tho lnttor a.bout .£600 each including 100 rounds of nm munition per gun.

Re rardinrr tho Report of the Committee with tho weight which rocommeodntions, g 0 \. l . framed with !lO much i;kill and expei·ienco demanded, I stnto<l thaL our .i t :mhc

Coast line rcqnireu o\·cry gun they propo,,o<l, and thnt tho ~Iilitia, I felt

sure, would do t.hcfr utmo::.t to man and work them wit~1 1111 tho scientific knowledge they could acquire and apply. MorcoYer, that 1r tho Gov­ernment felt itt> ability t0 purchase this cxpen,,ivo armament our long line or 4'.tlnnLic

seaboard would bo thug tolerably well armed. On tho othe1· hand, a~ I ~now, that the Governmen t of tho day vicwe1l 1:>nch an outlay with con~itlornblo he .. 1tnhon, nud wcro

reluctant to incur any nvoidaulo expense for armamcnb, owing to t~o rcd~cod suite of tho revenue, I folt that us "half a loaf was better than no Lrcnd, I might, per­

hap<1, indnco tho purchn"c of forty guns of a smaller calibn• nml at a greatly roouc~d cost feeling it hopele:-s to prcl'ls for the amount proposctl. Tho rc:-iult wns thnt. 1t

' ' . f 1 . ltation to !>Urcha-<c onh· l i converted mnzzlc-loadm,; wns (foetdcd, n ter mnc t con~u , •

rifled H·poundon.•.

In \·cnturing to propo~e a'I an alternative, this more economical gno, T '\"or,:o'

innocently foll u;1dcr the robuko of the Committee, who uaturally ~onM ·~ot .entur I . r d tho delicacy with wluch It hnd into the locnl clitllcultics Slll'l'Otmdrng tho que-.. ion, an 6 ,..der

to be a roached. r am only l'Ol'l'Y thnt the purch:ti:o of tho seventeen 1-pou ... PP ' Id in an\· case ha,·o monntc I them on our converted guns wa .. stopped, a:-1 we won . t 1 t

l _ tho ch·mco i~ for the pre-on o · interior 01· :-;econd Jine!i of defence, nm no" •

. 'ti ·ts 112.pound shell, iron plates exccocling 8 Tho 7-ton gun will pwrcc, wt

1 1 .

9 OOO • ~1 Tho Hi-poumlo1·

000 u 01· 6 lllchos n.t "'• ) :ll"'!), inches in thickness, at 1, yni 81 •

1 ll f 90 lb<i woi"ht is

f 64 ·t firing a batterrn17 .... to o -- o , wrourrht-iron 'Voolwich gun ° cw ., ' 0 t lod a. .. nrmour-o T' . - o n ·md oven thou~h uo rcg:t1\ • altio n powerful anti ncl'urnto nu.xi i.U) ou '. • . . h. k ... t l 000

. . . late-; o.xccoding <> rnchos Ill t ic no.: :t ' piercing, i~ capnblo of ponotrnt1ng non p ~ b . • ffocti,·o a,>1 well ns

d 1 . )S itl:I firo wouhl o vc1y o , yar<l8 whilo ugain~t unarmouro 0 111 . ted _14 Ilounder of

' f . o ired \"e .... ::,ok But the corn or n again:-it the unprotected parts 0 mm 1 t

1 3 !net ro .. ource \"en-

h . ·ea~Onfl I ha\"c gtn °' , M ' 58 cwt., which I had, for t 0 various 1 . ~ . The cnlibro i .. the :-:lm& tured to recommend, is a tlifforont nnd nn rnfonor weapon.

.xxii

---== that of tho wrought-iron 64-pounclcr, but, owing to tho comparative w I f

• UU \:!lC~.S O

Jta con truction, it cannot tiro the 90-lb: battorin0" Bholl w ith the hcnvJ· ch·ii·o·o h. 1 , ' b .':IW 101 aro n cd m the ~rought-iron gun, nnd is con::.c11uontly unable to compete ,vith it in

range, r·m•otrntton, or nccurncy of tire i H::1 !>hell will not penetrate the thinn08t

armour afloat, at the :;hortest raugo, nnd could only therefore be n ofu' . . ' ' ::. • age.mat.

unru·monl"~ )<hips or boa~. It ii> undoubtedly cheap, and owoti its introdnctiou to the

economy oflcctoo by turning othorwi::io m;clo~s ismooth-bore guns to acaouut.

Tho -H.pountlcr conYcrted gun with cnrrh"'o and 100 1 f . ' · o rount s o ammunition

CO"t npprox1mntcly £400, again:-;t £600 the cost of the v•1·0 ht-' . 6 , • B ' • ug u on 4:-pounder

compwtc. nt, ns \VO hnvo in Canada n lnrcro su1)1)ll" of 3? l . nhl t h o . " ... -pcmnt er car1·ui "Cl': Ruit

o mount t o conyorted gun, it is therefore clear that th . . o . ' -· f . ere i~ a very great

a' mg o e.xpon ... e rn purclta.;ing thnt description of o ·d Th . -H d . 1 nance. c PnllttlSer -~ouu cr gun, without carriage, Im:; hithorto cost us about £ 160 " l .

fre•ght, and we built most complete wooden c .. · "- e .• c ui;1vo of D lli . li b au iages J.Or tho!;e mounted on Port

u crm or a out £ lO npiece, utilizing tho iron fittings of old . . · lnmdrocl l'Onnd ... of ammunition awl tho' t b caumgos. Ono

JUn cos a out £200.

The o 6 !·pounder r•uns on conut bntt . 0 • .. Ol'IOS C'lll th . fi l

ns nuxilinric<> for u~e arrain::.t boat l ll , e1e o1·0 ou y bo consi<lored, b • :; an1 ::;ma cruft but ca t b

11titntc for tho wrourrht-fron gun of ti . . ' nno e regarded ~ls iiUb. o !> io samo calibre nor for tl

'I-ton gun11, -..o that coa t <l fi . . 1 te armom·-piorcing ... e CDCC!> UnJll'O\'ltlcd with ·d

would bo not merelv le:>s efficient b t lto . o1 nanco of greater power • n n gether illus . I

iL is my duty to Lrinrr under ti 0 1

. f ory. am therefore afra.ill .. ,. o i no ice o tho GoYernment th .

v1um5 :t supply of Hon anti 61 I e necessity of pro-~ d poum er \n'Otwht-iron r'fl d

Y nc)·, Picton, Yarmouth aal Xow 1 . . . 0

1 1 e guns for St John, N.B.,

od . ... ,ne1poo, for so 1001r as ti . arm mth fil'mour-pier<:inv "nos th . o lC:,e pomt:-1 al'e not t '· k b o o . ' oy cannot bo coni;idored . cl

a •·11 • • j on during war. There , 1 1 1. • tn any ~gree safe front . . \"Ou ( uc no a ppreciabl d. ft

mamtnmin<7 tlte batteric wh. h , e i ercnco in tho coHt of • b ' ic evor do:.criptiou of d

real d1fforonco of expense m·1y uo n't.l t r or oanco were moun ted. Tho ment, and it would not be:.~ ~ I o ic exclush·cly in tho fhot cost of tho nrmn

economy to ub t't t h . -woul l when mounted atfo l b . t u e t e cheaper ordnance, which fi · . re no 511 tantrnl security ai cl · h JCti IOU defence :wainst C. · 1 I tnig t Ue COllsidorod O\·on IL

o' l Ul!>el'S armc1l 'vi th ~ f were armoured s liip or not. ouns o longer rango whether they

Jt would become :i. necossity,in C:tflo ofwnr wi .. fAJSt stoamo1·s arrned with Jo . th a Mari time Power that n fleet of · ng-t ange gum1 should · ' rn the ]lay of I•'undy, for experience h h cruise a1·ouncl the Gulf coast!! nncl

short irne by a single crui er of ti ass own how much mischief can be done in a etli t 10 A lnliama ty .

or may be made to capture her. pe, notw1th:;tanding that great;

It '"oul<l be of no little servico in ti ~nd Jiorhaps might provent them from bo1~ prompt supprotision of such <lopreila.tions

rng undcrt:tko ' 11 on any la rgo scalo if at.ops

' xxii i

,(!Quid he takO!l hy the Dominion Government to co-oper:tto ,.•1th th 1) I . . . . • • e ,oyn .. vy m ..coprng mth nny ~uture <~ange~· of th1~ nature, by taking up and arming fa t , ols from tht> Mercantile Marmo with two or throo guus of suiUiblo calibre, n fow of which tihonld be purchased and kept in store.

With.thii; object I .venture to !illbmit, for the consideration of the Govermnont,

the oxpcd1cnce of p1umng an act through the Dominion Legislature in Jiursuanco of the 3rd soction of the "Colonial Naval Defence Act of 18G5," which wa;; inlomled to

make better provisions for tho :Xaval defence of the Colonies.

Wo have at present thirty-seven rifted guns of Yariou~ calibre from G4-JJ{Jnnders

to 9-tou, mounted on works of defence throughout the Dominion. If Government

felt in a position to p111·chaso in addition the 19 i,even-ton guns and 19 G4-

poun<ler wrought-iron guns recommended by the Colonial Dcfonco Cornmilt.Oe for

Atlantic po1 ts, the gates of Canada from both Atlantic and Pacific Ocean would 00 pretty well locked and bolted. Besides the rifled guns referrc<l to, wo ha\·e forty-five

32 and 68.poundor smooth-bore guns mounted on various coast !Jatterio!'i, lmt they

.are n.; already pronounced but fictitious defence against any but boat att.'lck. Tho

~mooth-boro gun~ mounted on tho Fortress of Quebec and on the Forts of Kingston

and other batteries through the coun try are not included in the above.

I shall now refer to the conversion of smooth-bore to rifled guns in tho work·

"hops of Canada, and on this point I a m happy to have the oppo1-tunity of thanking

Sir Willi:im Palliscr and his brother for the valuable efforts they haYc ma lo, and tho

-Oesirc they hnYe mnnifogtcd to bring home manufacture to a succe:,~fnl is _!!.Po They have m:i.de arrangements with the Messrs. Gilbcrb of the C:mada J:o~ino

Works in )[ontrcal, for tho con>ersion of smooth-bore gun· of any calibre, into rifled

gnnfl, allCl hnvc f;npplic<l him with tho neccs-.ary machinery and utensils for the pnr-

110,,e. Thoy feel no doubt whntcver that thb firm will sati!;fnotorily conved the 32

pounder gun lent them for trinl, and if they c~rn do -.o, it wonltl then remain for the

consiuomtiov of tho Go\'crnmcnt to givo a11 auuual or,ler for tho couvcr.~ion of a por­

tion of our !-llllOotb-bore orunancc to complete the armament of tho country.

We haYe 19 8-inch smooth-boro gull!•1

135 a2-poundor~, 20!l 24-poundcr. , 33

18-poundors, 11.ll t':tpnblo of conversion into rifled guns, but nono of tbc::,o of u.ffi­

ciently heavy calibre for coast dofcncc.

IIowovor, tho Pnllisora nro full of 1.Cal"nnd ui::;tiuguisho l by inexhaustible por:ie­

,.ornnce. They arc mo1·00,·er very g<'nerous. They harn gr:\lill1oa .. ly pre cntecl

this country frco of cost for transport, or any charge, with a 7·inch :rnJ 8-inch rifled

_gnn, and they now adorn the rampart.'i at Quebec. Therefore they bave earned ~o .best con:-Ji<lerution of tho GoYornment

1 and if by employing rucoh:rnirlll flmis in

.xxiv

-Cnn:id they cnn teach n to mnnufnctnro nrtillcry, thoy will rondcr thi::1 country

still 1 0 clf.rolinnt for it8 defence, nnd 11L the t-:uno time holp to protect :wu en-cour go home mnnufncturc. They hnn> cnclo ocl a tracing of a 7-inch rifled gun, do:;i , 11 d by "'ir William Pnllisor for C:1111111inn t·oa,.;t defence, and n drnwing to tho

81rn 8 • lo of tho -ervico pnttorn i·incl1 rilled gun, but from its grcnto1· length of boJO tho former b ::.aid to con.sumo n larger ch111·go of pcbblo powdor, to carry a

lH•n\ ior projectile, nud to be altogether :1 more fol'midnblo weapon. Tho powo1· of thi gun is lntOll lo lio :;uch that it may be fairly compared wilh tho sorvice 8-inch gun in rc·gnrd t~ co"t, range nn1i penetration. Tho velocity of its 120 pound pro_

j1 c ilo, with ~fl pound-. of pebble powder, will pl'obnbly bo 1,700 foot per i:;ccond. .bl ny Pnlli-er -inch rifle:-i aro in tho ~er\·irc of tho United State::l, both afl\ln.L nnd

aslto1e at the entrance of Now York Harhom·. The1·0 is now in tho Citadel of Quebec n 7 irirh Pnlli-er rifled gun weighing only 5 ton". The Shoeburyncss record of tho gun, tntb " .... 0 rountb of 30 pound:. of rifle large grni n powder and 115 pound .~hot.

Gun in excellent comlttion." Thero b much intcre,.;ting matter in thi:; report from tho Palli-er , nnd ~o I publi"h it arnl othor mutter connected with his guns in o:dl!n"O in the nppon<lix, and I b('g to drnw attention to it, and to the estimates sub­

mi tcd Ly Sir W. G. Arm,,trou~ & Co., of the Ebwick "~orks, ~ewcastlc-upon-Tync,

for tho 'i-inch Palli-er gmh Should the ~f cs,,r.s. Giluort'::i report reach me in ti rte, 1 hall publbh it likcwi,.c, at the :<llmc t!mo quoting their prices. They aro very unxiou1> to get uu orde1-, now that they have learnt tho work, and it; woultl, I think

bo n great -top in m.lnmce if Canada could en:mre the manufacture of :u·tillcry in

her mm workshop-, at the "nmo time it mn.,t not be lost ::iight of Lhat Sir '\Villiam Arm trong & Co. arc al-o willing to tontler for the manufacture of Pallisor rifletl gun for Canadian con"t defuncc.

fn the e\·ent of the Government arri\·ing at a dcci•ion to nrm tho .Atlantic ,.,0a

I , a:> 1 ccom~emlod Ly the Ooloninl Defonce Committee, au<l I tru~t sincornly for tli belt r sccunty of the Dominion they will seo fit to ·1 <J ~" I ti · J- 't ·11 I

u '°"I Jill~ l WI ma \:0

th 1uc-;tion more plnin by publi hing these scales of prico:> side by si<lo wi t.h tho:-.o ext 'n tcd from the Woolwi h ,·ocabularv, as I ain 1111 t ... ,,.

1, 1.0 of .., 1 I · " ' •• • .,uc t an ana ysrf>

havirwbccn before nttem1,tc<l, ,·111d so I tl1 1'nl~ 1't b · may e intore:;ting as \veil as im· poi taut to tho Empire nt lnl'gc to do o.

. l likowiso have aildcil an engr:wingof the" pebble powder" suitable fol' the lal'go 7-rnch gun sup11licd l)\' afc r p· ' \\''II I f " · •gou, r ms :till .awrcnre to«cthor with a momo-~nd~n~ of the price, which nppcnrs I.() lio, with 10 shilling.:i n~de~ for f'roigh t, about 8

·> h~lhng ' per hundr&l pounds. This powder is I un<lcr:-t.'ln<l, nsed for all tho

guns m the service les:, than 10 inches in calibr·c, nncl is tho .snmo as tho Gove1·111ncn t. p:ittcrn.

..

-

r

I .,,,

xxv

l hn o t h le he it.at ion iu pulilishinJ tho'>O re 1rts nn l cnlc of pri · , n tho ()olonrnl lJ fom:o Committee thorn ulvc:, uggc too tho ex 1en<lituro fur e 1 t lll'mn. u1c11l w ii I he further reduced if .-.mooth-horo gun <',()II I 1 o co11,·01 I ·I i to rifle

gunis 011 the pot. And rnorcovor, thut us a consi lcrnlilu ti mo would cl 1p o bcl~wo

they co uld be upplied f1·0m the R0yal Gun FuNo ·y, they might po,, 1hly h • 1ppliN.l

witlt I · tl1•lay f11) tn Sir William Arm:>trong's work nt Ehi\vick, or from other prh ate no k,,,

1 h.n c d \\ olt pcrl1ap~ rat hot· loo di tl'u-;cly up rn thi q w lion of hen' r ' lnnncc,J bccau e it is orncwhnL new in the D.nninion, and 110 apparent neco~sih· f, r <'CU t

:irm.un 11ti; h. ariRC!I sinec the recall of Her llnjcst v'tl t1 oops until th lir t half of

tho l'• t' .l" Althoug h J urn awnre that my word'i 1111y bo re·1d lly rn • I on who, , m rn r tho popnlntion of Cnnnda seem to have n l'ol 111ce upo t n I iul oxomp­tio11 from d 11 or, yet it will not do, out 01 any su r ptib l'ty for the c i iion to rcfrai11 f on ug•o ling that to fore co any <li-.urirel'thl \. ntu Ii y, i t 10 I e .. tmodo to l)!'OVc.11 it < ccurrencc, a111l that it i~ therefore my du y ncv r to ub t in from pre,sing up'>n the notice of the Hovcrnmcnl that prcpnrat1011 for cl ·pr otcction, thoug h ibi 11 ccc~. ity may be remote, yet nl-o that it mu · c·ome udclenly nn l by ur­pri"e, and that we i;hould by all menus try to m:iintain peace nm! c ·urity by paying strict attention to tho tir"t law of nature, oven though it may com to he uo~tly.

Iu my rcpot·t of last year, I alluded in considorablo detail to tho Field Artillery , the Gunnery S...:hool., tho Dominion .Artillery A-,!ioci 1.tion, and tho goner l efficiency

of that spo<: i:•l arm of tho :;orvico in Cnoada. I hrn·e tho ploasuro to repent my good ol'inion ni,; heforo ox pro:. ed. Our oightoon Fie! l R11ttorie 1 thirteen ofwhioh aro nrmc I '' ith !.I-pounder muzzle-loading ritlt.ld gun ... , are inn condition of tr "ning and

knowlct l~c of 0 unnory ready for any roug h sc1T ico. Thoy m c, in n '' J, 'com­pletely fit fi>r· l't' n·icc,nntl they owo much oftheir-.u perior ncquirement to the· ruction

gi' en in tho two Gunnery SchooJ.:1, nud. tilt' at· ontion hC-'.'towcd on them by I~t.-Coloncl:; S· r:1ngc au I lrwin, Hoyal .Artillery. Tht :-.e S ·t 001.:i eontinuc. year nftor ye. r,t produce nnd :;en l fo1th well in~tructod members o; •he Artillery en·icc. nnd I tru t in limo to H:o t ho cffoct h cs of tho .. o Batteries increa~etl by ;)0 gunner each, n nr 'llcrymcn nro urnch needed to mnn the extensive works in tho For trc of Quehoc nnJ Point. Levi:;, nnd the nrmed forts of Kingston. Licut.·C<lloucl !:.itrnnge, nn officer dL­

tingni,.:hc<l by zeal nnd ability, has published, with my nu thoril~ , au o.·cell\;nt manual for Ficltl Artillery.

Throe hundred mon would not "uffioo to mnn tho gun of Quebec , l J;6vi ;

neithc!" wouhl thuy bo too many for Fort.-. IIonry an I F rc 1urick nnd outlying 'Forts at Ki11~ston . A hatlory of ·t~ :irtillcr-ymen, wa tbi year rni cd nt Qu boc, nnd :moth ·A· at T,6vi ... , to n~ i t in mnnning tho gun mounted on tho 'it.n lei nnd nd'Vancod Battoric'l. I cndonrnnrcd to have tho Infuntry llattnlion nt King,.;ton con'Vcrted into

5-c

xx vi

Artill<ry for tho }'ort:. arnund that city, but it WIL"I not tnkcn np with tho

}>uhlic ,.11irit I expected, nmt I tun nfraitl it. hm1 apathetically fallen through in con-.e.

qucnce.

Battcri" . howcn,r, wl.lre rniiiec.l nt Yurmouth and Now LiHH'J>001 in :N'ovu. Scotia

to mnn :-mooth-1.iorc 3:!-poundcrs mountod thoro :n ~pring, and another nt St. An<lrowf:l,

N.B., fur tlio :-amo rl'n~on; whilo at Syc.lnoy Capo Breton, whero perhap>i they

might hM·c ltct•n moro ncec.lful thnn obowhol'O, the call fo1· Volnntoer Artillery hn8

110t been 1·c,,pomlc<l to with tho l!uccost'! that might have l.ieen hoped fo1" Liko Vic

tor:in, Vancouver T-.lurnl, I Lclio\"C the population of Sydney are in receipt of good

wage nnd hn,·o constant employment, and therefore, except in case of actual

hostilit1c,,-when too lnto-coultl they only be relied on to turn out, and thoy would,

in con. cqucuce, have but littlo knowl01l({O of their duty.

T ho Report .. from tho Dominion In pcctor:i of .A.rtillory will gi rn information

upon tho condition of their branch of tho :-on·ico. I am glad to :;ay that LL-Colonel

Price I.ewe .. , Captain lfoynl .Artillery, hn1:1 been added to the :;t~'tf thii:; yenr al:'I

.A i:--tnnt In--pector of Artillery for tho ~faritime Provincel:'I.

I propo,o to make urrangomonts this your by which the:;e In:;poc tors of Artillery

will bo loll free to muko their in:,pcctions of Battcl'ies at times mo:;t convenient, and

that tLo Di1-trict Staff ::-hall as:;i:-t them by remaining absent upon tho occa~ions of

pccial :;cicntific in:;pcctions, of which they are not competent to judge. I regret it should ho ncco .. sary for me to notice that iuconYonienco has arii:;on frc>m thi>i not

having been always ob:;orvcd.

In tho ~\ppondix Xo. S will be found a table of the total : number of gun~ of every calibre whether mounted or in c;tore.

Again, I haV"o to report f:t\·ornbly of the Engineer Companie:;, of which there aro

four. 'fwo at .)Ion:rcal nppcar efficient; that at Toronto under their enterprising

commanding oilice1·, Lt.-Ooloncl . ~blo, is instructed in mo:;t of the r equirements of

Field or Garrison Engineer:; ; whilo that at St. John, ~.B., under an able and

zealo~1s officer, Oapt:iin Perley, al:;O a practicJtl Ci,·il Engineer, j,., <lesorving of' Hpcciu.l

monl1on, the more :-io as I mo,,t uuintentionally omitted last year to rofor Lo it among

tho other companie~. Captain Perley hM earned many thanks for tho f'c icntific

knowledge ho applied in mounting the rifle<l guns on 1!'01·t Dufferin in reconstruct­

ing tho platforms and supcrintcrnliug the construction of tho gun c~1Tiagos built in

St. John. Tho chee1·ful readiness with which ho give his profc::i ional assistanco upon all occasions is deserving of this ro('ord .

At a time when coast and harbour dcfonce is under consideration, it mny not be

out of place heJ"o to refer to tlie formidaLlc tm·pe<lo ystem uow 50 much appi·ovcd. of

..

.XX\ ii

for c;u<'h p111·110~es . It ~l)ipe:H's that the" Whit-Oheacl" t.orpcd• arc not con idorcd

well :-ittitod for Colo 11ial <lt•fo11cc owing to tho deli ·ato uaturo of the mnchinen· nd . ' for othe r r1•a on1:1, bnt that the '· Ouh igger" to1 pc lo i ugg • tetl in tea I a being

more 11 it:1hlc f<>t' flu• pnrpo~c awl le ' expensive. It mny ho wlniiticd th t z:.uch placc8 :b E~,1uimalt and Victoria, 011 the Pacific, :1.,, John, X.B., Jlictou, .~.S., and

varion1> otho1':i of 0111· l•iastern Sea ports 011 the Atlantic side, Mnld hardly ho dcfonded

again~t n J•<>WHful 1i:1v1d attack, impposing our flnots on thoso "talion,, to lie

absent, but that besiclo~ tho batterie~ it is propo:;ied to a1·m. lorpnclo~ h1111l1 l li kcwi'iO

bo impplcmcn Led wi tit :. ,·icw of defence ngai n~L tho .. tt.:!ck or OllC or t WO crui-crs

which rnight e\·ac lo 0111· :-quaclt'Ons.

I would thercfo1·c :-;nggc,.,t that :.ome otticcrs and men of the Hngincor Compnny

at St. J ohn :-hould go through a com·:.:o of torpedo tr.iining with tho viow or nc<1uir­ing !->Utllcicnt irnowlcdg{' of the ... y .. tcm t.o imp:u·r it to others, nnd that eventually we

might h:wc a few of 011 1· own <;ca-board volunt<:cr-i at cncli port ulliciently trninc(i to

u:;e tho:-c engine~ of w:u·furn with :!OOd effect. l ha\·o no don ht that the Commanding

R <1yal Bngi ncer at Halifax wonl<l willingly undertake to in truct a fow oillcers a nd

men of the St. J ohn Engineers for that pmpo•c, awl I ·lrongly recommend that.

thi'l que.-tion be la.ken up. Captain Perley':. cnginccri11J kill would en·c hi m well,

to u n<lel'lakc thiil important :-cn·ice, and thus initiate anl)ther and mo-.t necc-. ... nry

clement for our eoar.L defence.

'f lic )[ilil!lt'Y Collogo of Kingston, which, by the grncious con-.cnL of Iler

Majesty, hu:; this year heeu termed "Royal," pl'ogro c.; a' ftrrornbly n coulll bo de~il'cd, under the able direction of L t-Colonel llcwett, J?oynl J~ngineor", nn officer

so highly o:;teemed in his own Corps as to nec<l that I i;hould only say ho maintaiug

here the 1·eputntion he has enruo<l for thoroughnc:- of purpo,,o with all tho 1>ciontific

and e<lucational acquirement which he i:; ::.o woll known to po-.-.ci:s.

Tho College wac; nnthorized by Act of P:trliament to open with ~2 c:idet , with

1>ower for tho next t h1·cc year:; to admit three pe1· annum from each Militnry Di-.trict,

later on thib wns <"hanged to two per annum fromft•nch of the twch-c Military Dis­uictt>, by General Order, dntcd 30th Juul', l Si G The to!nl number bciug thu. fixed

at 2J, or on 1)- two instead of three for tho first three and oach ~11cceeding year.

Tlic Collt>gc opt'ncd acc011.iin~ly in Jnne, l SiG. :md ~o upon the l"'t July, 1Si9,

1a • commcnccmont of the tinanoinl year, when it will hn,•o boon throe year:; in

011crntion, it honhl then h :t\'O by regulation ninety-four c:t lcts on itJ complement,

but at tlw pre.sent tinw there arc 5i cndet nt the College, ~\·ith 3i ,·ncnueic up to

the l'llli of .Tune next. Xinetecn npplicant<i for cxnminntion :uo ll'>W o:i the Ii t, ... houl.J they all pnc; and i'ntcr there will fll 1 om.tin cighlo ·n rn • ncic... , be filled

5-o!

XX\•iii

l l ti J ,. lO\\"il r• "hen tl10 Gollo(J'o hn been nt work t'Gr four rnJunc,.lt ) I mo''' o• o .

h l' 11 J nt of 1..,0 contom1>lntcd In tho Act, ,..Jwnld bo alt 11110 l. By yems, t o 1u comp emo - • . . that ti mo tho cndot who hnvo complete I tho four yom·s cour-.c, will b£1gm to pa g

I tl · 1 c will prob:ibl,. bo fillc1l by fro-h camlidatc:->. Thu I have out, IUH 1C1r p n c J • • • •

cndo:n ourcd to how how nccc sary it is to rnnko progrc -. with tho Collcgu li111 ld111gs

for the reception of the.so lnd"I, and to complete tho st:lff ;to; nulliori:r.u I in ordor to

relieve the nlrcudY ornr-tnxcd Profe "ors b~· tulditionnl ai1l in th e perfu1·m:rncl' of tho

re. pon iblo and ~nerous work they hn\'o o remlily uncl('rtnkcn. and h:t\'e so con-

scicntiou ly performed.

~'ho 1C1port of Licut.-Col. lle\\ott, \Vhich will be found in the .Appendix So. 11, omhodic n much gcnC'rnl informntion n po. iblc, nnd considerably more than l\C'rclo­

fore, ,, ilh tho Yi ow of enabling nny p 1 eon \\ho may read it to forn1 a pretty gllocl i<lca

of the working oftho C-Ollcgo, of i "pre cnt conditiou, nnd somewhat ol' its nnticipntod

future. 'rho nlmo-.t uni\'or:s..'ll nb cnco of knowledge of tho ,cope of the Collotie is

nppnrcnt in n mnrked degree, an l mny bo po~ibly, in some mo:t'.illl'e, tho <':tm;o of

much of tho ho itating action which hru hitherto SlllTOumlod it and rciardetl its tlo­

velo1 mont.

Tho report goos so fully into cntegoricnl detail, and is oO plain and elem· upon

ench point, that I feel I caunot imprO\'O upon it, and should only be taking np un­

necessary time and :-pa..:o by recapitulation. H must therefore be rend, and will

quite repny the time ,pent in doin0 i.;o. It points strongly to tho absolute nct'c,.,-.ity

fur an increa e in tho Educntionr.l Htnft', ll'! tho Prnfo-.-.ori::; fool that in :-pite of their

strenou effort the inability to ~ive ufficiont r..ttention to each cadet irnlividnnlly is

bcC'omins n Yory soriou-. evil. Thi"I matter really does require rcmody, being one

in ''"hich tho iotere ts of th(' country and of tho Cadets nro materinlly conc·crncd.

1101 c nrc ncce sary in order to prnctice the Cadoli> in equitation . An ofliror who

cann t ride i u clcss on the staff, or for any other sort of mounted duty, whi(·h O\'cry

officer i& at nny time likely to be called upon to undertake, aud it i:- ouly in youth

that n mnn loam:, to feel at home on hi snddlo. Tho addition thercforo of abrrnt 12

or 15 hori;c to tho 1''ield Battorio of each Gunnery School, which are each armou

with four 0-pounder Rifled Gun , woald render them offoctl\'O u:; 1md1, 1111cl at tho

samo time enable that at Kingston to prov1dc tho necc.~~ary facilities fo1· tho

~rnctico ofoquitntion by the Cadets· Cavalry Schools might al~o, by this desirable mcronsc, be ndded to tho Gunnery Soho ls

.At tho Tio,·nl Military Colic •c . l" 1 d d t h · J o rn ng nn c uc ments of Rold1crs aro nh·nys

employed to perform cortnin 1 c nry dn iG for moro economil'nlly thnn civili. n ,

by a m 11 incro: c to the Bntterie they might nfford similar as istnnco to tho

?°liege, whil ~lway av ii l l' Ci • t • II for duty. Tho water supply for the Oollego 16 report d till dcfc th·c and 'n liffc t in quantity. Ailtlitionnl nc·1·omodation has b come n c ary nod houl l bo <'Ommcnced very soon.

:xxix

'J'ho intcrc Lin thii. College and tho c tim t" n ·n ' lurh it i h 11, i O\ id nc I by

tho Ytllunl1lo publications which arc now r ~ul.i ly pie ntc l to it by the roat.

Military In titutions of Great Tirit.'lin.

']'ho gcuornl conduct of the Cadeli> coutinuc , I nm happy to 1 port, I crfcctly

b:tli,.fnctory. 'l'hci1· orgnni:r.ation into smnll c 111pn11ic hn h on IB cted, but tho

more intimate rolntil)11ship between i.;taff and cadt.lto 1.:nnnot I c d \ loped untilofikc1

aro atLnclto !. I vo11t.111·0, thcroforo, nJain to ('.lll to notice my 1 p te I 1 l mm ndn

tion on this subject, which is not only tho be t, but ul o tho mo t c ·onomi l rgnui­

zntion p 1 acticalilc.

'l'hi Gollcgc has 11ow prOJl'C eel too fnr and 1 cc mo too mutcrinl : n I 1 Liluli ~ in the country to Io nllowcd many dcgr<1c to I t1 0 1. do or to 1 ck th ncomn6e

mcnL 11ccc -ary t.o make it n l ormnncnt nnd n ,·nln blo . It m· h 'c 1 n,

a.c; 1 hm·c i;aiJ I olorc, c:;tnbli bed h fhrc tho country"

or ml c I' ·01 •rly, I may ay that it f.>rmali n ha

i.;implCI clcmcntai·y milita1y e-tabli--hmcnt for in t ·

i 11 i offi ' . . Bu the 11 lY 1 r . t

four) o 1 ,viz : ' [ii:. 1 •xcoll H'C c 1 iot

'·oxp 11 • u c, :11 l hnlf m .1 Ill -; :ml

': ifo C\"CI yth'n'

c\·er

ntly hn 1

well

0 it

Busid tho report ju t alluded to, I ha,·o tho plcu .. nro to pro1Son t tlrn!"c of th Do .. l

0

mm1on n .. pecto1 :or ~\rtillery rind (',omm:llld:rnts ot' theGunuc1·.r .:::chooJ ... , a.~ well

g, of lhl: Dopuly AdjutnnG General of tho twelvo~!ilitnry Dh;(t·icts uf tho Domiuion

They will ho found to contnin local mnttcr of i11te1·c--t, :uul cxplnin in dotnil th~ goui.'rnl condition of tho "0\ ernl corp .. nntler their command. Licut..Colonol 'ra ·lor

exprl:""'Y notice tho Ontnrio Field Battery. which hn~ been 11owly orgunizc<l ~hili yonr, mn.nrwd hy tho !"lUdN1t.s of the Ontario )fodcl Farm nenr U uclph. Thi~ Field

:~all~ry 1' t-latcd, to bo n mo t :succc .. ,,fuf oxpc1·imont1 n'1 tho !"tud~'nts <lcvoto much of he tuno !"pared from tl1cir ~tudie~ to obt~tin i.nch a knowledge of d1·ill a~ to entitle

tlw ~01 P' to I~ nuted rather aixiYc tho avorngo standard of Field Artillor..,·. It is

COIN~Cl'Cll ·~Ii" nnttery will pmve a vul11nl1lc nddition to tho Artillery of tiw west. Captnm DandlMcOrne 'l I 1 · · 1· · · • '· go<X 11-.c1p111annn, commands this cor1)s am! )foJ'u1· 1''nc-d(l1 ·tld w II' t L" Id B l Cl·

" 1 c rng on .r ie nttcry, ha,, affo1~led great nnsistanct'.

.A ·111.iieut.-Colonel Durio propo c"' that tho 'l'oronto Field Battery should be mndo Horse rlt cry under Captain Grc\· n vc1 . I tt: }' . ~ , Y goo1 o uC'er. Tho C:l\'nlry ArtillcrJ· and

~ngrneei' performed their drill in • 'l' ' 11 A l'll camp at oronto, hence pci·hups aro:->e tho idea. that . o1 e r I cry would be proforablo to act with Cnvali·y i it i-. an excellent su•~rr •

hou, the only o.xpen:,c would bo in Id' . ooes t ·b . . Ill 111g eight extra hor:-;e:; to carry full <run do-ne menb. Thero J:-- :-uilkicnt ,nddl . • . I . . o

taken mucl · 1

· CIJ 111 c imgo nlrendy. I11cnt..Colo11cl Scoblo has , , •· i p:un,., am gone to con. idcrnble cxpcn:;o to make his Enui11cor C

cfhc1cnt; thev tire 1n·o,·idctl with two t o ompany '1'110 JlO t . . . . pon oons, a wagon nnd two equipment \\':l"Ons.

n oon '' c1 c mado <lu1·11w tho <l ·· ll b I ,., fins a qu:mtity of en • .· o . II .r t io mt:11 of tho Company. '.l'hig corps recommended thnt t:.mem.rng mnterinl }Jl'O\'idcd ut tho expense of the c·orp~. It is

' "'coi P~ mny be made a Field Com pan f E er· . with hor'c" warron~ field t I h t . y 0 llolllCer:1, prov1dcd

, o ' o egrnp ' ' ·c., as noted in dotllil in the Appendix.

Licut.-Colonel \r n11Strnubenzco ~tatc, tho 14th . . . r•

willing to be converted int A t'll lnfant1y I3attahon atl\.rng:;ton aro 0 .L\.l • en· nnd drilled to d

Fort :u cl Ilatterie, there 'I'h wl1 . man an WOJ k tho gun .. of tho · oy on Y de ire to b · d 'ti

tho ofilcn1 h11,·o recently ·h I . o Ill emm cd for uow outfit~, as • pure n e< new equipment Th' I' .

one.·. I wi h it m:iy be mot for A ·11 . . . e cone 1t1on .!iccms n fair . ' rtr e1y i the nrm mo::.t needed at I\ ing13to11 .

L cut..GolonC'l Ynn:straubcmzco ·m otl'r f . army, ha~ inndc orne ve1T })Crt' . t , I i ·or .o merit and varied oxpel'ioncc in the

. - tnC'n am practic:d rem· ·J· . prnct1 ·e, which mu t moot •'ti l cU ,g upon <l1·dl and tal'got

. '' 1 1 t 10 conc11 rrcnco f . II .1 special nttontion to thi in ti A d' o .t \~ w read tho'>. I invito JO JlJlCn IX.

L. ·nt.-Coloncl Jue k on report fa,·01 ·1blJ• of' th f ·o cd . I . c uewGarr'1 I' tt f . im m t10 pdur at Pr c tt. ' on J:l oryo .Artillery

rnlcn IC'd to urm Poi t "r cllint•ton. 'l'hl~ i'> p1 O\ idcd with four bronze :J-poundors " 1'! fort hns be t '

com1 I tolj 1 ,..to !, , it 1

> • • • on, a my re<po:st ordered to L>o I 1 cornm.mJ'nr• Cu\ 0 •• 1

1

Jn\\ I cnco, • n i Cl 'I . r tho ' . r~' t lllg t 10 ferry ncro tho St. the S• 1 o r c· >t' " '. II t. • · :nv.icn<:c: d O a\\ ., " \C n luo tc ·mi nu~ of

,,

xx xi

I invite attention to Liout.-Colonel Fletcher's Hoport of ~l i\it.Ary Di~trict, So. 5

11tating the prompt and efft--ctual !iupport to the civil p nvor affunleJ by tho .Militia during tho pust ycnr, \Vbich i;poak:~ mo.')t highly for tho force, whonc\'er or wlacrevor

it may be called upon to act. This Report i:; in it. elf a plain nn wor to an uugenor­

ous expreesion utt.ered by somo one in a publi~ addre 'i this year, to this effect, aR

publitihod in the preAs: "What bas the Government got now? A force on p:1per

" which has cost a groat amount of money and is doing U') no good." An unju t

charge, whiob neocls no comment.

Lieut.-Colonol Duchosnoy report!:! from Quebec, among othor matters, tho amount

of aid afforded by the ~1ilitia to the civil power during the past y&&r. AB an actual

collit;ion occurrod botweon the "B" Battery an1I the mob, in which 11omo rioters

were killed and wounded by the troops, I do not think the roughs of Quebec would

agree that the Militia when called upon. aro only found on paper I

Lieut.-Colonol Maunsell reports well from X cw Brunswick, the suggostion5 of thi11

thoughtful ofllcer are nlwttys de:,erving of conl)ideration, and I am hnppy again to

call attention to hid report.

From Princo F.i<lwar<l faland there is nothing new. Lieut.-Colonol Grny ~n~gests a Fiel<l Battery, to cover expo..,ed point:-, an<l urge~ a uotter armnmont for Point

Edwnr<l, and moro t;ecnrity for tho guns and magazine.

I was glad to notice n. marked improvement in tho Halifax Briga1fo when I inspected them in November. I am happy to congrnlulato Colonel Lanrio and tho

Distri<"L ::>taff on tho rosult of their exertion~ which nppcaretl to me. o\•idonce of much

attention dinco last I 1;aw thi!! brigade in tho field.

Tho lfolifax Brigade hnd the privilege of ~tantlin~ ... i1le by ,..ido 'vith Iler Mnjosty':-. Troops, in welcoming the ad,·ent of Hi-. Excel101rcy tho :tlnrq 1i-. of Lorne

and of lier Hoynl Highne~s the Prince.,.-. Loui-.o to tho :-hore' of Hriti-.h North

A.moricn on tho 25th of :Novombor la::.t. Gumxb of !Jonor WNu furubhcd hy the

Militia on ~onlral occai;ion~ of ceremony, and Lhey nbo :is:-.btocl in linin,... the -.trect<J

during tho Vicc-Hegal progre ... ::. through tho City. 'fho .Militin wcariu,; their tunics

without groat coat1' appeared to give a lmght eifoct to tho ::.ccno.

Aftor thi;i duty T in!'lpoctod the \Vholo force in quart()r c >iumn..; nn<l hnlfb 1tterio3 nnd have much plen:1tu·o in flpcaking hii;hly of their appcarnncc. phy:,.,i iuo and

goneml oqnipmcnt, tho moro sons last year, l rolnctnntly folt it a duty to drawn. lo.."8

fU,\·ornblc compari-.on botweon them :inti tho otho1· .\1ilitin oftue Dominion, nn opinion

which it i a plea~uro for me to chango.

Along tho whole lino of routo from Halifax to Ottnw.11 1,030 m·1,~. th Militin loynlly pnra led nL every point whoro th• Vico·Hcg 11 trnin toppe l fiw 1 • 1 "pt ion of acldru OS of welcome uy Hi" Excolloncy the O\'Crnor·l.fc11e1·nl, n 1J royll nl 1toc

.xxxii

,vero fi1 I l>J tho Flold Artillery. Somo of lho bnttcrios coming long di tnncc by

th ir 0\\11 \Oluntnry net. Thoso Guard of llonor wcro woll turned out in ovory

t, but tho incl ·money of tho wo.'lthor nnd lnrgo crowdq of pooplo n omble1l nt , pr "°ontcd their npponring to tho bo L ndv:mtngo. .At Mnntr<' I t ho

o 1rnt l out to furni h lrunrds of Honor :md to oceupy po itio•1 nlong h pro i n. 'l'hl ir gcnornl sol liorliko buaring nttrnct d mu<'h atto11.

,. > 1t1 > ·''Io 1w for tho fir:st ti mo tho Militia of this s l> 1e> f o ·,, .u I h. I tho h mor of mnrchin~ pnst ll i<1 l~ X<'C1l I ncy

n I II ~h 1e~ .. m 1 on of tho \\'1 1t1..or II )tel, but tho va t a mbln •c of

of tho "' t lll t tho

wo., ho

10

xx.xiii

"ox pro ... ~ to y HI my gratift ·ation that tho Cold trc 1m uniform o vorth1ly

"borne in tho now 'rnrl I." 'l1he i;amo :;ontimont nro outc lain l by officers of other b.1ttnlions of tho Brigade of Guard who J1nve oncd in Cnnndn. 11

I will 011d you n tnLuhr statement of the ~orvico of the Cold trc.lm Regiment

"in ditferont JMrt of Bnropc, Afi ion and A.mm ica, and hall c: t 111 it a fnvor 1f.) ou "will h.rn,; it up i11.} our orderly room i11 Ottnwu."

'l'lto 11r1m de plume nflixo l to tho a111mymous letter b probably n urned, fo it cnn hardly bo o n<·<1i vc<l that any ofHcc1· who h.td scrwid in tho army tlhould not I o bot tor informed. Had tho writer levelled his lance at the nnomnlly of re ir1..d ff otlircr continuir 6 to wear taft' uniform th. c might hnvo been

Oflkc1 uf tall' cr\"i ·c i c· mplc l arc r n.

could not hnvo been ~hippo.:! off owing to tho eo111litio11. of sorvi1;0 and locnl t•ngngo­

monl of mnny of thoir member , but otliccrs nml mun would have gono by thou.

mds, dar.zled by tho pro .. poct of military . crvlco in tho tiold :lgainst an enemy of the

empire. Our filitin would hnvo boon for tho time being, ton grent extent, dh;organ­

ized; for it may bo ncceptod thnt tho--c ,vho would h:wo gono wonltl ha,·o bcon tho flower

of tho force, nnd in whatcvor \Vny t\ contingent., ll corp~ d'armle, or a divh;io11 might

ha\'o boou r\lcruited, tho fir4 to t:\kc ~01Tico would htl\e boon Militia Ollit•tws nnd

men.

There havo boon of cour~e, times whon 10uch n result would nol bavo been

materially inconvenient, :rnd Wt' could hiwo spnrod many thousand men with no ill offoct, Lut at. the ti mo in question the forcca~L wns more critical, we wore hound by every lnw of prmleuco an l :-olf-p1·otoction to kocp 0111· honso in order at homo. I

have already alluded to tho steam-.hip '· CirnJ.rin," which :-o :--uddcnly nppcarod in

the port. of Ell-.\vorth, State of ~Inino, only a fow hour:- steaming from St. John,

New Brun"'-'\"ick, nnd to her undoubted object to man and nrm fa,.t i;tcamcr:- to molest

our shippin~, nnd lny wa. ... to our :-cap n·t,.;. l have al-.n mentioned tho warnint:i ofnn

undouuted organizntion to muke lnwlc s nncl p1·odatory incursions by land. So that

Grcnt Bl'itnin nt wnr in Europe wouhl coi11ci1lontly havo been Canndn under tu·ros in

~ yorth America for her own defence. w·o :-honld, for tho reasons and from th•! causes

Tcforred to, hnvc Leen uctunlly, in all nppnront probability from om· posit ion and

m-ronn ling-<, tho first to feel the ctfoet of an enemy',.; a .. sault after a decbtration of

war.

But tho dosiro:thnt in-.pircd the"c loyal volnntoc1·s is de:;orving of rcCl)l'd. It

ha nlrcudy earned the tl1unk-; of Her :Mnjostv's Government, and commnndcd the

re pcct und admiration of tho people of Grout Britain and of tho whole Colonial

Empire It has been a material example to illu::.trate that, tho oft' quoted lerm,

"An Empiro on which the sun never ou;" i~ no ::-uperficinl or vain as umption, but that the young ~cions of the old family trco al'c wo1-thy of their origin, an l will over

clin 'to the parent stem, a compact nn l mighty phnlnnx to tight for tho freedom of

n U11ited Empire.

I i;ha I once m~ain rccm· tn tho s.-ivirl"' of tho gentleman wh J when durirw atlis-~ I:> I 0

cu11.,ion on military prcpamtion, said abruptly: " But who a1·e yoa going l> fii.~ht, ?" I trust with nil t1incerity now, a<i I di1l then, no ono npon this continent. I hopo thnt thi'i country may bo pre erTod for gcneratinn'3toc1me from the hHs, the rno111·11ing

nnd the de olntion thnt follow rn the tram of wur. But I 1lo m·go ngain, as I h:wo HO

often done before, preparation for unfor eon ovontualitic3, a di ciplincd milita1·y

force fit for 01dinary service, nnd capable of being cxpnn lod quickly in times of npprc lCn ion. A military force, in its fullc t an l broa<le'l~ son c to foi·m tho . , nnt1onul defence of tho country, free fr >m ull p:)li lie1l bin'! and intluon<.'o. A soldio1·

force officered by gentlemen who hcwc hnJ opportunities of studying tho profo 'lion

r

XXXT

of arm'i, through our own military c,,tnhlbhmenb or otherwi c; a forcu that hall

fairly repr~ ont the population ot' every nationnlity 01· descent in the Dominion,

with a feeling of popular prido in iti; t•-0rnponont part , whoo staff nn1l rogirnentnl

officers shn.11 bo selected for their intrinsic nluc a~ intelligent, ind11 triou and educ·nted militnry mcu, not hookworm~, am:i.tenl'll nor e1lentary cri~, Lut Jnrge­

rnindcd, lnrge-hoartod, inclopendont men, who have a call for military life n11d a lovo

11nd a knowledge of nature, by forest, flood nnd field, 1r1011 with rently head and

willing hand in tho puro organization, di::;cipline and efficiency of tl.te 11orvice. No

offers of raising spJCitLf corps should ho acceptc•l merely for tho pleasure of a few

persons who mny tlc!iire for a tirno to wear a bh<Jwy uniform, to throw it off when

the hot tit is over. 'rho force tihould not be o,·ercrowdo l but on Iv 1milicientb.· Iar••e ' ~ J ~

to meet the requirements of tho country nn1l no more thnn our ro ourc " of money can bear. I dcsiro to recommend that this great and expanding country may, like

Great Britain, feel iL-;elf fmtlicicntly prepared lo encountor any ordinru·y <litlic11 lty or

danger, with full reli:mco on it'3 own mean:-; to do bO. I might nlmo~t \·en turo,

without appearing irrernront to q note tho :-pirit-.... lirring word'! of a popul:.r ballad

of tho duy in ..,upport of my meaning:-

" \V c don't want to fi;?ht, But, liy ji11;:;0, if we do, We'n~ gvt the n1en, '\V C1

\'C got tbe ;!llO",

'\\' e'1·e got tlie money _loo!"

Tbnt is re1lly, in Ycry h"mely lint oxprc,~in• WOl'd , t11c gis t of tho whl)JO

mystery of keeping a national force ready for u,..c. .Xo one want~ LO tight for the

sako of fighting, for it is no chilcl·~ play, bnt only filling p rcparaliun to prevent it.

Least of :tll :.houhl i;oldior~ db iro war, for upon them fall-. it ~evor&t -.hock and

fatal effects; :-eokin~ little rcwanl, their li\·es :1re dornt.cd to tho ,,or\"ico of their

Sovereign an<l lle1· Empire. Y ct for the-'o they freely ri"k their livos. a precious

to them:-ch-cs aml their fomilio:-i a-. tho c of the pe1· ... on" who live nt homo at case,

and pur:-uc their politics, their tmdc:- or profo,,,ion-. under their pro tection.

I havo allndctl, even thou0 h in a nh' re ,..ketch to inspi re crit ici m and cli~c u><-:.ion

to tho in litution a-i ::;oon n,.; may be corn·oniont of a pormnnen t, foroo of three

Regiment", with :<ix battalions, 01· of throe onttnlion-. only, a" mi!!h t bo cletcrm ined,

intornhaui;caulc in oitho1· c.1so trionn:tlly bet ween G:m:uln :uni C:rcnt B ritain ; nncl

evoryono who think!! out. tho effect of thi--, uulcs" tu 1 much pr<'j11d iccd a~am--t

militai·y or any p:ii1l :H'otection, mtl'-L on roflec:tion so• tho mat-0rinl and .. ocinl

benefit that Lhi~ t•nunt1-y would ,lcri\·c.

l hnvo pointod out thut trnmps antl trike.'> nncl proc .. sion , a nd tho hundred :md ono clements of dise ird th·1t countrie:s bocomo h eir to, h:wo nlro.'ldy wnr ued u-- thnt

Romo irulopontlcnt fo cc i .. inJ i"P •n ib!o .. to keep order • nJ cn,.uro ecurity fr~ plunder an I riot nn1,,tfre, wh i h h:ivo b •n rnoN or Jc thrQatcninJ luring tho pa~'t. year.

XXX\ i

hnrdly fair to 1•u.ll r un , to h to mnintnin 01 lei·,

ho tilo lh i 11 "'t 1 h · town::;mon nud noighbouri;.

o I pr mp ly t > ernry c:nll und I feel they cnn bo fully lti 01 ly n que lion of p lit"<: expodicucy.

in o or my f, ol ll"' t > pre ,l1c"o or nn~· milit~ry quostion~

ho tron.; lo i1·0 to bo of use to tho connfry aud tho

1'\'0, it ie t with mo only to point out and pl:wo on

R nk.

thoir adoption of com·so

bo s:-ion rnthcr ti n Ink,

rmnn< nt milit.n-y force in

)proximately and t 1lornhly

. won c·

con­th ,

f Year.

-----------

, 00 15

I 1)0

r

xxxvii

l T pon the cnlo of 1ki ti~li pay thi sum would be <'-On i lornl ly rnnlle.,

~'ho kit of no ·o ,,arios i uc I to cnch mnu on joining, comp11 c win,

artiC'lo:;: ~ bhirt-1, 1 pair brnce~, .! pairs ·~k.,, ~ towel'!, 1 sponge, 1 knitc, fork and

,,poon, 1 rnzo.- and <'!bo, l holJ 111, l b·1twn lJI·n s, 1 button bru h1 l cl >'h br 1 L 1 p iir

blacking brnsho , l r;h:winJ bruc;li, ~ tin" bl:i ·kin~, 1 lo.1thor stock, I crumb, 1 pair

boo ti; nntl a lditional for winter, '.! un lcr shirts, '.? pail· drawor ' l mutll l', l pair or

miltB, 1 fu1· cnp, 1 pail' of boot, arHl "now shoo nn1l mo..:cn in.,, arc suppliod when 1·cqui1·cd

'l'hi:; estimate is 011 the supposition that; tho cnli»tment of tho men is for one

year, in oi·dor that more men mny be drillotl in a gi\·on time. Hut if tho p riod of

enlbtment bo for 3 yonr1>1 the annual expense for uniform, kits, &c .. would be

dccrcae;cd hy $5,000 for each yoar after the first. It will thu" be seen that tho annunl

vote CJf S 1,000,000 for Militia 1<ervico, if expended upon n regular forco alono, nt

Canadian rate~, would only ho sufficient to mnintain 5 bnttnlion or infantry, c n i ting

of 125 officer:> and 2,500 non-commi ~iouod ofticers and mon.

With respect to tho )filitin in general th1·ough tl.o eountry it cnn hnrdly 1>o

expecte l thnt in limo:; of financial depression, a costly syetom of tminin r for the

whole force c::i.n bo autho1·izcd, but we have, ne\"erthcle!!!I' n'very efficient forco, with

of cour.-.o some exceptions, upon which to rely, an<l on no occn ion, except perhaps

ono in my experionco, hus any portion of the force boon found wnnting in prompt

obedience to a call for its service::..

The training of rural Battalions nt company hcadquart r for throo u e ivo

years hns not rc.-mlteu in much good. Tho mnjority of the men r i lo on f: ·m , at

a distance from their compnny hendquarter ... , and when called on to drill they have

to ~ivc up thoir tiny ' \\"Ork and that of their hor-.e<1, rccoiring only fifty cen!J in lieu.

Thoroforo they nro nntumlly :mxiou:5 to :>horteu the period by performing two dnys

drill in one, nnd so tho wol'l,: i,., hurried O>'Or iu n porfuuctory fa hion ; the drill

in~tl'llctor who drnwl.i his fo1·ty dollnr:-i a year a~ Buch. po ibly hn\'ing loarnt but

littlo of the rudiments tlf drill, di.-.c:iplino or rcgimentnl economy. A loo ... n ... nnd

laxity of ,;ystom therefore occnr::i which doc:> not conduco to tho fir1>t principles

of training a i;ol<lier. Il hn" been brought to my notice thnt rnrnl corps 01·dored out

for training nro frccp1enll.r comp():-.~l of about ono half recruit , showing thnt men

often join for one trnining ont_,., with no dosiro to c:\rry out tho torm of thl"ir thrco

yours' on lit.;tmcnt unlo it be convenient. Officer.... r.ommnuding 0om1)nnic-. nro in

fault for this, they are 10 ponsiblo for their Compnnio<i under tho exi tin~ lnw; they

should not onrol mon unle fl they know them well, t11eir omploymcut, their plnco of

rosidonce, nnd whether they nro likely t-0 fulfil tho provi ions of tho Act. They nre

too loniont with thoir men, nod to ,.ave them olvc trouble or} rhnp unpop rl:u ity, or oven politics mny horc ngnin intorpo,.o, they onrol ne'\ hnnd rnthcr thnn pro cod

by law ngnini::t tho old onos to compel them under tlie pcunltie of tl10 .Militi:i Act to

fulfil tl1cir torm" of cnrolmt•ut. .All thi~ rc1p1in',; lookiug iuto and a thorough

roformation. Rurnl corps h:w..1 th~ iii r.<h•nntngo of ,.,uch long dbtnnc<',; Ll'lwoon

their Compnnics thnt tl1•· Lit~ut. t'olon. l who hns of c•our:-;e his daily bu.sine&; to attend

to, c1111 li:irdly ... upcrvi~c th(\:r' o ; und it may happen that tho stnfl' oltlccrd who make the mu-.ter n11 I tl1 hnlf ~ • nrly i11,..pcctio11A do not always, :tt> a rule.•, take miouto notico of \Yhnt Jin., on the SUl'faCf! :m apJH'llrnnce or Leiog "nil ('Ol'l'tlC:L"

Hnral Comp1miu,.. t-houl1l ho !\h't'nyt- clrille1l :\t 13altalion hoadqunrtero-1 may

instance the Ri<'liolieu Light I 111:u1try in oxemplitication-tho report on Rome of

their Gompnnic:- is. tho Company "-n~ full, but nearly all Wero wanting in dl"ill; tho

men ublo bodiod nm! active; arm~ nnd clothing in good condition; ddll much needed;

accoutl'oment,., old, :-omo articles unlit; !iUffors for want of Adjutunt, &c., &c.

In the :,tune degree that rural company drill" work; bmlly, that of city corps

doc.'! woll) bcenu e men can a-.,.c1nblc in long winter evening::; in the drill-shcd?-1 with­

out losis of pay, and the)· Jook upon their drill and lecture:i as a recreation. I have

evory year oppo-.ed the "y;,tcm of rural company drill; it has the effect of circulating

i;omo money through tho locality, and that may be con>enient and ~atit;fy local

interests; it abo bring a body of men together, armed and equipped for a time .

.But in my opinion it wa;,tes more arms and equipment and clothing than any good

that cnn re,.ult from it, aud I ;,hould disband every independent. company not affiliated

to n hnttnlion, except m Manitoba and Britiish Columbia; an<l I should suggest, if

posciblu, in fnturc to abstain from annual drill at company headquarters unless tho

cnptniu hold-. a fir,,t-cl~i; certificate for drill and rifle instruction.

1'his lenJo me to revert to the the subject I haYe so often before dwelt U}lOn tho • f '

nee<ll5 ity or some regiment:il permanent staff. The Militia. of Great Britain hns,

according lo regimental . trength, two officers, and from 30 to 36 staff sergeants,

who nro thorough drill in tmctor::.; tl10 q uartcrm~ter being charged with tho care

of :mns and clothin0, which nro thns kopt in order, and no loss from nc"lcct or theft

J>e~m~ttcd. In_ fact .it j ... a delusion to ltolicvc that an efficient miliU::·y force can

ox1 t rn perfection without n trained permanent staff an unprofitabl :i·, f . . · , c oxpcnr 1cn1·0 o pubhc money berng often the con cquonco of dispcn,,ing with it.

A pormnncni Adjutant and Sergeant-Maior for eucli c., 11 ... 1· 1. t.t 1· Id • • J .. uuiau ua a ton won

po .1hly appear an additional expense, unJ in some degree it would be :-o but it would bo worth it Tho'-· arc ·n tc<l to l k f · ' • · " • \\ n oo a tor the 111 lol"llal economy to bo rcs-pons1blo for the care of 1iflos t t · I I · ' ' o 1 nee urn <eop cloth mg in good order ai1 o<i and dusted, to in til discir1lino nud good 0 \I . 1

1 or nccos a1·y rn cvo1-y force of :mucd men. It l1n" been hown to mo ho v a · 1 \d"

\ ptU( 1 Jlllant could bo appointed without adding- much orpcnso. In this Wa't• ·-An AdJ"nhut l<l • •

uart . • " · ' wou receive, say $1,000 a ycn1·, with porhaps ~ • ers. . llis oflice would be tho armory of his hattalio11. Uc would ah,o bo

8J ma te1 and Quartc1 master, and so re I ousiblc for :ti! sto1·c.". I • .J I c would super-

xxxix

intern! target practice, rifle in!ltruction and the <frill of tho lJattnlion. At l>r ent

there arc S240 allow0<l for drill in traction of :\ i -comp111y Lntt.'llion, and thib

might bo thrown into tho Adjutnnt'is i,alary. Tho pr cnt a11nu:ll wn to in ooch

battalion would be guardorl againat, which would pro luce n11otl11·r item of s:.n·ing;

an<l po,~iuly there might IJo otber mode~ of cconombing, for in tmH·c, by reducing

6omo torps, or nt loa~t all independent companies, which woultl S[n•o $40 :i yenr for

drill and SiO a year for caro of arms of oach company. 'rhon thnn• aro carctakei·i;

employed in armol"io:i, but if each battalion had a paid Adjutant arid Sergcant­

Major it would not require any othet· cn1·cwkcr. 'l'he Sergeant-Major i:hould be also

a firHt-class drill in!:llructo1·1 and Qunrlcrrna~tcr Sergeant. With two &uch permanent

members of tho Staff, much greater cilicicncy and much 1c lo would oo tho rc.:.ult.

No doubt, a:i I have often reported, indcpcurleut comp:.rnies and isolated rural

compnmc:i <lo wa:,le clothing and illuse arm,.,, and take grcalco:its for the ortliu:iry

purpose!:! of civil life. It was only yc:,ter<lny I was informotl that many of tho

emigrant. from Ontario to ~fanitolJn arrived there hbt yo:u· with Go\ crnment riilc ,

which they mui:;t have stolen from soruc of the:-c ru1 al co111p:1111c~. and which I ,hall

of course call on tho Di~:Mict Staff to rcpl:1ce or pay for.

Such appointment:> would, I think, be \cry popula1·; they would open a career

and be a reward for mon who have been long mnking sacrifices for the Volunteer

Militia., because their regimental course would qualify them aftcrw:uxls for staff

officers, and without enrly and Rpecial training in rcgi1ncntal dct!til , a l"llaff officer

can hardly evor bo fit to deal with the many knotty questions that ~o frequently crop

up for decision. I \Va~ myself, in early life, a rcgimontnl ::uljntanl for five year-., and

I have never consed to find the benefit of it during 25 year~· tafi' --or\'icc; to thi"

day.

By opening a career of this sort to young men, whether they may have hcen

graduate:, of tho Hoynl )fi!iL'lry College or otherwi ... o in tn1ctcd-n11d I mny here draw attention to tho importnnco of having .;uch ponnancnt l'mployment in pro-.pact

for the Hoyal }Iilitary College Cadets-it woul1l at any r:tte !'lon·c to cnrry ont 0110

of my p1oviou:-1 ,;uggc;,tion~. that the force should. be purely military, and an end pnt

to of tho vicion!'l pructico of making militia app 1intmcnt~ at political iu,,ti~nlion.

Tho country would feel more i:;:1tisficd with their Xat1ou:~I r~orce, nnd regard it as

moro Htablc and compact. At present rurnl bnt<alions can lrnrdly be called :-O, thon~h

thoro nre l'XCcption~. But with a small paiil ,..t•\ff, and tho pormnncnt battnlion .. I

have proposed, which would supply schoob of drill i11~tr11ction, awl with .. omc

oxpan~ion of tho Gunnery Schools, l "-hould believe. on lo:\\'ing the shore., of Canada

when my work i~ done, that during my :l"rccalilo abode nrooug tho kinJ-hcnrtod

pooplo of thi · c·onntry, in my po:-ition in conun:md of the .Militin, l had bcc11 tho

humble monn before quitting it of doing the t.'lt-O ,cimo er\"ic-:, and thnL my I. bor

hnd not been in \:tin.

xi

B di mi-.sing tho n rut rnt q 1 .... tio1 I wi h to drnw po ·i \) an I m irked

ntt nt 11 t thi n •• n important mc.m-; of 1ccruiti11ti m ro n h•n11t11" > 1 ly the rural

and oth 1 1. tt a. o :; which l h:n o moutionr l to be, uuclor tho pi o •n i>.) ,,(cm, not

nti... cto y in some in tnnco . But more J articulnry I wish to im·ito cor sirlerntion

to tho t<l lution of tho oftcn-su~·c tee! 1woblem, tho permanent 1.m1}'loymcnt of' tho

Jlfl .. 0d ('. leb of the Ho.} nl Iilitnry College. Hore iR a militnry l':LJ cm· at om•o open

to them. Modor:tto in emolument it mny bo lated in tho fir~t ~tnrt in lifo: but 11-1

they hnY 1 oon cducntcd in tho higher com· cs of import.ant brancl os in n great

dogr<' nt the Go\•ernment cxpen o, I cou:;i lcr many of them would noL he iLnto to

ontor tho Govormncnt military service. for which they will be woll titted upon quit-

ing the Collcgo. They nro C:mndinn , nnil Cnnndn progro.<- ing in !;olf-relinnco upon

m1th c pro luction would be ·well erved by the~c highly eduentod young gcntlomen.

'l'l1e1r c~1reor would extend in ti mo into qunlific l >.tnff officer", and who knows

but that omo nmong them whomny uccoptcommi>·~ion-; for a time in tho Briti h army,

mny no return hy nud by n gennrnl officer to command tho Xntionnl For<'O of the

Domrnion.

I hnvc plen ... nrc in quoting whnt I hn\'C recently read in an able article upon

tlio ul~oct of tl1i., cln of roJimontnl t:!lnff officer~:-

" Ew1 y one ndmit~ thnt it ill difficult to fl nd n first-rate ndjutnnt, but no ono but a. commanding otlicor knowt1 how grant the difficulty hi. .A. perfect adjutant must

po c n r.ll'c combination of montnl, phyRicnl an l moral qualification.. Ifo must

bo cnerg<>tic, well sot up, cnpnble of bnrd work, of cvory doscription, a goo I hor::ie·

mnn, hen! by. temperate, firm yot conciliatory, n good judgo of charnct •r, content to

be only tho commnnding officor's orgnn, yet not nfrnid of necessary ro-pon "bility,

full ofroso 1rcc:. nnd fore ight, po o cd of mothod and a good mem01y, kilf1l with

bi" pen, but with nll cnrefal whut he pnts on pnpor, realizing tho fact tJ1at "litera acripta manet,'' quick to soize his commanding officer's ideas, mo<lerato in Rocial

plea urcQ, yet cordial in terms with his comrndcc:, a:fai1· tactictinn, an oxccllentdrill,uble

to impnrt rifle in~trnction1 nnd finnlly, thoroughly acquainted with tho Muti:ny Act,

tho .Article of Wnr and tho rules and regulations of tho scrvico gcnernlly." Of

COUJ'&O nll the e qunlitie" arc novcr found united altogcthc1· in 0110 and the same

person, hut unlc s an officer pos1:csscs some of them in porfcction, aml all of them to

n oortnin oxtont, ho is not ilt to be au Adjutant. Thcl'O nro, therefore, as may be

imnginod, not a superfluity of officers who can bo considered perfectly q unlifiod for

thnt mo t important regimcntnl stnff·po ition, but r believe the H 'ya! 1ilitnry

College of King ton will come n near to producing thnt class of men :u; any institution I know.

In provion yonrR I havo called attention to tho tBoful work performed by the

Gunnery S ·hools and to tho propriety of officors commanding battorios taking as

much advantage t1 possible of the c in titutions by requiring thoir oflkors, non-

-

-

xii

commisi!iono 1 ofllcors and gunncr:i to ntton•l them for short or long cour cs. 1 repent wo cnn hardly expect to ntluin a really high stnnilru· l of officicncy in thi

r-;cicntific arm, unlcs~ oiliccr~ comm'ln<ling batteries exert thcm .. eh'c~ to obt.ain and to

rotain the service:! of oflicer.s and non.commi,,,ioncJ officcrn who take an interest in,

and l'lhow a natLm\I proclivity for their duties by thoir <lo ire to pa~ through n gun­

nery trni11in.(. lt has happened that subaltern officer.'! aro rctnined who cnn barely drill

n gun dotuchmcnt, while Home old non-commis:;ioncd offi..:er:i arc rotninc<l with but little

qualification, thereby atu.n<ling in tho way of younger and moro energetic men who

have qualified at a Gunnery School. Uommanding officer.~ thomiolve:; aro in genernl

well q uu.tific<l, but tho sub.sti tu ti on of tho rifio fo1· the smooth-1'oro gun demands

exertio11 to acq niro knowleJge hy tho. c who hnve to ugo them

The Dominion Artillery Association i:i doing good work for tho do\'clopment of

gunnery and !>kill. Tho practice is carried on in prcsenco of n. Domimon ln<ipoctor

or his substitute, with a capable Artillc1·y Offirer to mark tho 6COrfH ; rewnrJi nml

badges a1·e granted to succe:.sful competitor:i.

It has Leen objected thnaho compcti' ion is confine I to a "Olcctod fow only in each

battery, but tho objection is only made by tho,.c who do not under.;tnnd the ~cienco of

gunnery, and who may l>clic\'O that "Fire a\\'ay my Inds nnJ make a noi-.o"

is quite sufficient for laying a rifle gun of mo~t dclicato precision on a target.

The cvmmanding officer of tho battery, from bis knowlc<l;o of the men, !'elects

from among tho bc:it, those who bavo paid most attention nod arc m"st skilled in

laying, :firing the gun, judging tho range, and boring tho fuze, a most difficult and

important acquirement, anti by them tho competition is carried out. It would lie a

wanton waste of ammunition to allow ernry man in tho battery to compete, but

every man has the opportunity to :-;t1hly the science as thoroughly as he plen-.e~, :t.nd

year after year now mon como to tho front. The very re~triction and the know led go

that application nnd study nrc ncce:;sary, cr<>ntc:; and cn~urcs that healthy emulation

which makes good and proficient gunner=-.

Rifle practice was C:ll'riod on last year n,, lbtrnl. 'rho numu<}I' of 1\)UnJs is how­

ever too small for tho thorough instruction roci.uiro i with the dolicnte nrms of

precision of tho present day. Considering, however, thnL tho totnl ammunition in

this country amounts to only 150 round~ per st:md for tho 70,000 rifles m our

possession, nnJ that. tho limited appropriation for i;tore:- h:'ls not as yet enabled us to

incrcuso thnt nvcrn"C I cnnnot with n prudent Olttlook to tho p0ssibility of cart-::> I

ridges being 1mddcnly required for i:-crvicl', rucommoud tho dimmuti m of our supply,

which on tho contrary should never be le-.,, thnn 300 rounJs1 per rifle. C.utridgos

hnve to be imported from gnglnnd, ns I rogrot to s:iy wo ba"V.> no mnnuf:lctorio~ in

this country to produce them, nnd n:'l Snider cni·t1·idgl',; will by-and-bye not be forth·

coming in tho Royt\I ..Ardennl it mny be neccs,.:uy for us to bc::ponk them ~oro.c timo

before we cnn dcmnnd our nnnunl i;upply. 5-I>

. I ii

Trnincd and pnid rifle in tructor l\l'O of tho grcntc.-;t con cqucnce to tlio ofllcioncy

of tho Militin. "houl1l pnicl adjutants bo snnctionctl thi defect will be remedied m :i •rcat men urc. Withont ... nch nn in tructor cnl'tridgc:i aro wa..;tcd in cnroloss firing.

On thnt nccount, three yc!lr. ngo1 prnctienl otlicc1"S 1·ccn111me11dc<l fewer rounds until

in~trnctor ... were provid01l. The u fire nwny Loy-" sptcm i:-1 only a rocklcllfl wni<t1>.

When ln::itructors nre appointed, anti when our rnscrvo F<tock of cnrtridgos i•

uflicient, I c!lnnot too ::;t1·ongly :l(l\'i-;o th:lt :it len t -tO or 50 ronntls It your 1:1honld bc fired nt practice by encb mnn. with the ... nmc car<> nnd pcrC'i ... ion nq tanght in tho

Hytho f;chool of Musketry.

Lieul.-Coloncl Ynn Str:u1bonzce, who speaks with foll expo1·ionco1 !>~\YR on tlti~

point mnny officers wo,1l<l willingly qnnlify n" in~tl'ltcto1·s if tho Go>emment wonhl

rcmuncrntc thorn. Under tho present --.rstcm it i,; only tVa-;tc of rr.oney, issui ng

ammunition to f'omo of tho corp , nn l each ye!lr m:my men join who hnvo never

hat I I\ riflo in the1ir hnnd,, ueforo. 'l'hey cmmot be cxpoclo l to learn tho u~o of tbci1·

rifle nnd -.ome knowlcd!!o of<lrill in :31.i houl'~, the time nllowcil fol' ll'nining-3 houl':e

in each 12 days-by law e,;tuiJli,.hod. A p:ii 1 ndjntnnt would pl'ovent this com;tnnt

influx of recruits by obliging men to C,;)mplcto their three year.'! eng::igcmont, or incnr

tho pcnnlty in default thereof urnlcr tho .\lilitin Act.

I nm told thnt further pl'ovi ... ion for local l'ifll) mngcs is requi::!ito to ont-iuro pl'::tC:·

tico by every enrolled man. Tho iqsuo of bn•lgcs nnd prizos for regimental and eom­

pnny oflicicncy would do mnch towards securing tho acquisition of knowlodgo in rifle shooling.

H would ton<l to tho efficiency of out· force if we could aft:01·J to :mbsti tute tho

~Inrlini-Ilcnri for tho Snider rifle, but wo cannot afforJ to pul'cha,;o tho rcqui8itc

quantity in bulk, and to havo voluntocr,i armed with two sorts of rifles and two

descriptions of cartridge:;, on a line fl'om the Atlnntic to tho P.t.cific, woul<l be only

to court di-,astcr if they were called upon to take tho field. Tho Sniclcr il' an accurate,

strong and !'Crviccablo weapon, not >cry fo1· behind tho :lfartini-IIonri in trajectory

and range, aud probably tho betwr adapted of tho two for tho rough mmgo it Jiuq to undergo, and the difficulty of rcpnil'ing it at long inten•al,;.

T\\O nduitional armourer:'! hnvo come from Englan:J, I am glntl to say, at w·ot·k

nt King,,ton and Toronto. .\. third ha~ been appointed at IIalifax, but Colonel

T,aurie inform:; mo ho is either la7.y or idle, for he got1:1 through very li ttle wol'lc I think n. better substitute might bo founcl who would rop:ii r the ri fie., rapidly.

I nm ho.ppy to reco1·<l that the Dominion an<l the 1Iilitia arc nguin irntlcr obliira.

tion t0 Liout.-Coloncl Gzow,.,ki1 who has :t!i uc;unl, dcvototl him'lelf to onsui·in!! C:m:<lu

bein~ 'veil nnd pr0minontly represented at the Wimbledon Rifle Rllno·c:i at. la'lt

year's meeting. The genial ho pitulity cxtcn<lcd by the Licnt.·Colonol,"' including

tho mosL disLiogui.shcd >isitor~ to tho c:unp, goo3 for toward:; cnsurini the Cann<liun

tenm n foremost place in the acquaintance of their friendly rintl:!.

•

xii ii

I haxo not alluded to the Cu•·alry in tho proper pince, ancl 1mforlunntcly thi

year I h~l\°O only soon tho two T :·oop,., of .Montreal and OUnwa, but tho in peeling

oflicc1'8 sponk Willi of them in general, and some of their storchou c~ which I have

seen 1>howcd me their saddlory is well looked after. 'fhoy arc In general well

mounted and 0<1uippod, fairly profi('iont in drill, and ~omo ~r1uazlrons ha>o been

praetico<l at outpost duty. Applications have been m:i1lo to fo rm 1!0rp:-, of Mounted

Infantry or to convert battalions into such, but though in fiold operations in tho

country Mounted InfanLl'y would bo ,·cry much in rcque:;t for rapid movement, I nm

afraid tho oxponso of provid ing a[}I] feeding so many hor:;e. and furniohing mot1nte<l

equipments will be an insul'mountablo ba1·rier till tho country grows more wealthy.

I request t-0 draw attention to tho remarks in my report of 1Si7, rclath·o to tho

strength of tho Militia force, taking the reduced estimates for thoi1· maintenance into

account and to tho question of clothing, which latter will bo found nt page 6. Tho

same trouble existed laht year from want of money, only about ~1,000 men wcro

trained for twolvo day~, and wo could only purchase about one-fourth the roquibite

quantity of clothing an<l stores. This is a quo:ition of con::-iclorablo gravity. My

statement at page 9 of that roport was to tho effect that tho force now enrolled in

cities, towns and village1:1 exceeding 1,000 inhabitants is 304 Troop-;, Eattorie:. and

Companies, reprosonting somewhat o\'er 18,000 men, and that a certain number of

Companies might bo i;olocted to form Battalions in some villages ha,·ing lcs::1 than

1,000 people in tho contro of p :>pulons settlements, but that tho difficulty of main­

taining order, discipline and imparting drill to Companies whoso members aro

residing on farms ut long distances apart is very groat and noL salbfoctory by any

means.

I ha>o no dc:;iro to reduce tho btrcngtb of the enrolled Militia, but I barn a gro:1L

desire to sco tho:;o who arc cnrollod capable of being mndo equally efficient as the city

corps and those rural co1 ps cxibting io populoui; neighborhoods which are c!l.-.ily ns::-cm­

blod for '>olunfary dl'ill throughout tho winter. Tboi;o Companie:-, which do nol

assemble except for tho perfunctory annual i;ummor drill a.L Com p:iny hcad'lunrtor~,

often gouo through iu a negligent manner, I should wipo out. .Arm', ammunition,

tlotbing, drill pny, nnd $80 n ycnr for their nominal care and L'Qll:tlly nominal drill in·

structioo would be t'.WCd. lt is bu rely wiser to have 1mch a forco ns wo c~u drill aud

clhici pliuo to 1:1crYO a.-; a nuclou~ for a larger, th:rn to attempt ycnr after yc~r with int-utti­

c·icn t menus to I.cop up a nominal large one, " :hich doos not altogothcr. for tlll' rca:-on~ stated, give snli~f:tction . Trained and di-,ciplino<l otlicor' nn1 non-comrui-.sioucd

officen~ arc of tho firBt importance; th(\y form tho back bone. tho rank nod fil

the i-incw:::, ancl tho intelligent ~Uiff tho diroctor · of tho wholo fabric.

1Ji physique, in b:ttt:iliou dr1Jl, in subordination, and in lo>o of country, tho

1'.!,000 )iilitia of Cn.narla. with th;) oxcoption :ind from tho ca.use:- t:it ·d. aro oqu:il t-0

a:-imilar nnmlior ofnn:i· M11it1::i in :my co11nt1:i· in tho world, :ind in :t fow wee\ tn

trnining camps they would holrl their own if !"Ultioctotl to tho rudu tc~t of regular

wnrfnrc. Thoy aro hardy nncl p:itriotic, they hnve outlinxl a period of unpopularity,

nnd aro now looked upon with f•wor :h nn important n:itional in .. t;lution by tho

country nt largo. Xo one doubt.. their iitlolity; no ono qncstio:'l~ their rnurngc, un<l

J bolicvo, when it becomes po .,i blu to effuct !"Omo of tho suggo~tud reform~, no or.n

will bonble to rind much foultwith thu gonol'al cflicioney of tho whole fo1·co, RO fur ns rcgnrds tho incli'\"idunl offico1· ... anrl rank anti tile.

13ut to rondo1· tho forco fit for tho fiol<l Wl3 ~houl<l ha>o tho nucleus at lua-.;t of n

ltll'gor organization. Wo should barn tho commissariat roproson tod, for it is n difficult

brnncb to mnko efficient, nnd wo t>houl<l hn\·o tho moans of proYiding a i:;taff whoso

duties ~hould be tho art of obtaining nnd issuing supplies nnd providing transport.

E>oryono who hns serrnd a campaign in tho field know~ that nothing paralycios a force

from the General in Command downwards moro thnn a faulty or ill-managed commis­

:<nrint. Food i:; just as nece::::-nry as rifle~, and in an oncmy'o country, or in rre::;ence

of an enemy, often more difficult to obtain. An efficient Army Corps must hnvo

ammunition, wnggons, pack animal~, pontoons, ambulances and many other indis­

pen,,ible impedimenta for carrying bagg:igo supplies of boots, toots, and in these

d11ys of breech-loaders, n good rc,;ervo of cartridges. I do not for a moment mean

that we are to mnintnin ~uch n staff in ti mos of pence, but we bhould know where to

lay our band on them readily. Tbr.y would be tho fir.st requirement called for in

any field operation, and wu bhould hM·o a good Supply Officer at headqua1·tors thoroughly acquainted with the whole country.

The beginning and the encl of tho pre:.ont heaclquartot· ::;taff, tho !Sole roprosen­

t.atirn is tho attonth·o nntl pains-taking .Adjut.ant-Gonoial, for a. largo force spread

O>er tho Canadian Dominion with nearly as many square miles as tho whole of

Europe, and everything connected with the every day work, which embrn'!os every

imnginablo de,,cription of 5ubjoct, both of orgamzation, dbcipline and 1>upply, pncises

through him to the General Officer. '.l'hi~ could not pos.,ibly work if flying columns

or divi ions were in motion, ~mu therefore I again bubmit that it is wi::;o not to bo un­

prepared. Tho Dbtrict St::iff has been considerably reduced, and though it would bear

further reduction without effecting general efficiency in peaceful timeR, it must bo

thought O\•er carefully beforehand. I•'or instance, the Maritime Provinces might bo

in two instead of three .\Iilitary Districts; Prince b~dward Island might fall into tho

.New Brunswick Command, retai~ing only a Staff-Adjutant for details. Nos. 5 nnd 6

. Mmtary Distriet.r; with .\fontronl as a centre could bo administered by ono Deputy­

.Adjutant General. Tlie objection to this being that a French f'taff is considered

<lcsirnblo in imch a large French population, :Xo. 3 and 4 Military District.H might

bo. united without prejudice. Should regimental ::i<ljutant.8 bo pormnnontly ap­

pomtcd, much of tho inspection fravelling of brigade st::iff.i would censo i n fin.ving

· hxpenEe1 r. c::>nstant kcal ro·pon ibility instead of casunl half-1carly inspectionq,

l

In tho rognlnt· army staff appointments of all kind change o>ory fh·o year ,

nnd f;UCh a fl)'olom would 0

if practic:iblo, dq good here, for tbero i,.. generally a \"irtuo

in a" now broom;" bnt it is hardly po,,f'ible here, nor quite fair under tho prc~ont fiyst.-Om. If tho ;\fililary College should later on supply tho staff, I.hon tboy should t.ako

service with the underl'landing they would be movod from District to Di tricL period­

ict lly. But in thiH counfry1 appointments hn\'O boon made in former dayH without any limitation, and 1·cmoval from office ovory fh·e year~ would leave tho offi.!or nupro\"ido<l

for. Unlike offico1·s of tho army they do not l'O\"Ort to half-pay, or to regimental

position with n future pro:1pect of staff employment. At tho !jamo time I do not sec

that if the country conoidor1:1 it.8 staff O>er officorod, why they bhould not bo reducod

with gratuities. A field staff would ah~ars have to bo organized for fi eld operation,, in any case.

Considering tho importance of the artillery arm, and tho oxperieucc nnd length

of service of tho Senior Inspector of ..Artillery, in his own COl'ps and in thu Dominion service, I hnvo the honour t:> recommend that Liout.-Colonel Strange, Hoyal Artillery

receive the title of Inspuctor General of A.rtillory, not for tho 1>nko of tho ~upcrior

titular rnnk, but because it would carry more weight and do moro good if tho Chief

of Artillery was so recognized; anJ considering there are two Dominion Inspocto:-. ...

I am of opinion that tho time has arriyed when tho science hn~ roachccl that point in

Canada when a special arm requires a special head. I do not propose any increa~o of pay nor any change at present in the exi:;ting constitution and command of tho

Gunnery Scooole, but only in tho general inspection of the Garrioon and Field Artillery.

I ham not been quite satisfied with the Militia in Maniloba. I am afrnid thoro

is still a sort of clinging to tho ho po that a permanent force will again occupy Fort

Ot>borno, and thorofore, porhnps less enthusiasm distin;uishes >olunteor companiec;

there than olsowhore. Dnt I wi,,h to dissipate this idea, which is unlikely to Le fulfilled, and so heart and hand they hnd b~tter make tho mo t of >oluntccr protection.

Thero is 11. good J.'iold Battery, well commanded, manned and hor.;cd; the pr:tc­

tice is not so favorably reported of a<i might bo wit'hcd.

A new troop of Cn.vnli·y rocently gazotteJ is progro ... sing in drill, and t~oro :~ "

three fairly good Infantry Companies. I regret the circnmstancos under which ~ 1

1 Wmnipeg Infantry Company appears to hn>e been rccommon<locl for disb:indmo.i ..

In briefly re\·orting to tho iden of arranging for tho institution of a permnnenl.

military force, I think :\ quebtion might arise for con!iidtiration, under whoi;e com·

mand such a forco would bo placed. Tho question can hardly uffoct mpelf per:-on­

nlly, for boforo auoh an itnpor~nt reformation i .. rnad<-, my o~icial. Lifo in Cunarla will ho drawing t<.l n clo,.e, if not cndod i and · o T may sroa~ 1--pa ..... 1onatoly. Bu ~

xlvi

. hould con ... idt1r tho ::ordco :mt! tho po::;ition of my 1mcco,,:>or. He, probably,

will bo n practic:tl Gonornl Ofticor of acti,·o oxpcri~~c~, nnd Yci·~o<l in ro~pon­.. iblo intcrcour::-o with Coloni~l GO\"Cl'lllllCllh, for tho M1ltt1a of c~m:vla, koon Wttlcd

and ob ... on·:tnt men, patriotic and thorough in their military ns well a'l ~ocial attri·

but0 ,, nro willing and faithful follower::; of a lea !er who gains thoi r con fido11co.

n.1tt:ilion-- of cnli::-to I men. who may :no1·co,·or be linLlo t0 sorrn tomporari ly out of (Jnnar!:i, cannot bo cJa.,sod ns )filitin, but thoy whilo hero would bo p'.litl by tho

D.:>minion Go•ernmcnt, as would the· rcprc:;cntath-o b:lttnlions I prosumo, with which tbq \YOuld take turn~ of 1>on·ico. In fact, this question of pay is one of tho diffi­

l'nltios to bo o-vorcome, bccnuso tho scales of pay of tho British Lino and tho Dominion Forces nt present do not coincide. H would socm I think, that corps

rni ed in nnd pnid by Cann1!:i Eohonld bo under co:nmnnd of tho Gonoral Officct· omployud. by and in imme<linto communication with tho Go•crnment who provide

both men and money. The with1lmwal of tho Qucon 's troops from Caniid:i. producod

a do iro for self-reliance and Helf.protection by its own cxortions. This patriutic

feclin~ dc,or'c" <'neoura~cment from its moti,·c, though the ab:ienco of liel' Majesty's

Troop:i from Canada upon other groumb is I consider a. matter for much regret·

It might on tho other band bo u1·0c<l that wero Canada unfortunately involved in

wnr, tho command of all the Forces might by Order in Council bo vostod in tho Imporiul General Officer at Hnlifax, and that thoroforo it would bo bottcrto organize in pence what might be adopted in war. But it docs not follow that tho Militia of

'anada, if they ha•e a cupublc General employed by the Dominion, would necessarily

so be plucod under command of the Gooeral at Ilnlifax, which is ono thousand miles

from tho Seat of G">-vernment, unless tho war were ofsufficient magnitude to require heavy reinforcement from the Queen's Troops. In such an o•ont, of C'Ourso other

arrangements would hm·c to be mn<le, as it would bo impor-sible to carry on a successiul

c:unpai6n with n dual commantl. It might be therefore, that tho Dominion Gonernl

should comm:md thcso Canadian regiments and their interchangeable representatives,

furni,.hing thll lmperial commander with :mch periodical returns as would bo dofincd.

In thi!'! c-vcnt it would be necessary to add an Assistant .A.djutant-Genoral to tho lio:id­

quartcr staff in Ottawa, a th0roughly trained soldier, of a firm but conciliatory diHpo­aiLion, and ,·cn;ed in all modern principle!'! of military discipline. Thero wo:.ild nli;o be

oon,.,t.ant u o for tho commissariat officer which in any case I havo 1mbmittcd to be n prudent OiJl>Ointment for tho staff of u forC'o of !"Heb dimon~ion-., so wi lely oxtcn<lcd, and at any timo liable to be called upon for civil aid.

Either of the two Gunnery Schools is qui to cap.lLlo of pi·ouucing 0110 or both of

thoso 1:>tntf officor!", thoy harn a thorough practical military education, with know­

ledgo of command and discipline, woll acquaiutcJ \Vi th tho count1·y and cbaractor of

it people. Thoir appointments to such po,,ts would be popular, an<l o.'ltisfy tho

country we can produce our own working staff. It would bo a gr:icoful honor to

the officers of these School , cause promJti<m arnl in pi. o them with emulation an<l

hnpo of reward for tho trniuing to which they hn\·e dc\·ote I thon· time nn!l OllOl'gic. with 60 much HlC'CC'S .

A harcbhip toward!i tbo Militia a1·i1>c,, in c:n~c:i when their scn·ices arc

c:nllod for in uid c1f civil power. By lnw tho re'luii;itiou of nny three magi­i;trntes oLligl'.!s tho attondnnco of 3Iilitia whenever their ai1l may be

neC'ci-~ary for the publiu pcuco, and th<:y tu1·n out with prompl alacrity. But though tho Dominion l\lilitia Act enforces thci1· attendance, thcro iR no

pro•ision to on:-m·o payment for the service pcrforrne<l. In many instances this pay­

ment hu'i Leon too long withheld, and sometime:) only rcco\·01·c<l by legal process. ~\ 1>tr0ng ca:-c in point is that of a company at Capo 13roton which tumc<l out upon

roqui,.,ilion over two year:; ago and up to this day they have not been paid by the

municipality. An action was instituted by tho captain for recornry of tho amount,

but the bill, as l am informed, was thrown out by tho grnnd jury. The member!'\ of the company h:wo now threatened to pro,;cculo the captain fol· non-payment and he,

poor fellow, nn.tu1·ally appeals to the Supreme Govornmcnt who enacted the law

compelling Lim nn<lcr a penalty to C:1)mply with the legnl rcqubition. Tfii,., j., a c·tt<lO of h:ml:,hip an l I c·ito it in hope::; of cao~ing a remedy.

It is almost un.icce~sary that Lefore conrlmling a report of this character, I should •enturo to approarh the :rnbjcct of the "Defence of CaMda," I might almo .. t take sides with niy frion<l who wished to kno'v "who I wns going to fight?" and

say, "again!:lt whom is Cnnndn. to be dcfcncicd?" It seems qnite improbable that ~o

long as the great central power of ou1· good neighbour::; rcmnin:) firm, we ha•e any­

thing of magnitu<lo to approhcnu from that <1uartcr, but if. ections of men shoulrl break off und girn miy to lnwloss dcsire<1, they might become so turbulent anti unruly

as to rc'luiro Ui lo tako measures for 01u· defence, and .. o a~ before sni<l, preparation

i~ more likely to provo p1·c,·cnti'o than to await tho occurrence of unprovi<l01l for

and troubJo:;omo O\ent~. For these reasons I ha\'e sketched out some <1f the <ler>art­mental nrrangcmcnts which would be nb,;olutcly nccc<isary bcforo entering on nny

operation, such as field staff, eommi,;sa1·int, tran~port, &c., for which we should have

at lea8t a.foundation, nnd abo n oupplem.mt to nil our ~tore .. atioqualo to roq11iremcnl'i of 100,000 nrmcd men.

The Hystem which might }H'obnbly hn"rc to be atloptctl lo hold tho country in

military occupation would bo by a sorios of entrenched camp.;. Qucboc and King·

ston being fortified, troops would bo m.ls"l'<i in their neighborhoods n l'n~es of opcrn· tion. Montrnal boing unprotected from the south, would require to be c°'·crod by a

strong body of troops nnd cnrthwork~, in the direction of the Richelieu Ri•or. with it:> flunks woll wntchod, while tbo ea,;tcrn tow11"hip~ woul l bo hold by an ontrcnehcd

camp near Sherbrooke. _\. 1-1trong force would n,;,.cmblo at Pre,cott to < O\Cr tho approach to tho Capital, h:n-ing tho dcfonsiblc work of Fo1·t Wcllin~ton a .. ft base. Tho promontory of Ontario shoultl h:n-o entronched c:amp.; about Pnri~ or London

and Guelph) with stl'Jng ntl1anC'cd columns at Thorol<l, Wind~or, ~arni:i, nml pro.

bnbly Collingwood, on tho Goorginn l3::iy. Block hous~ at intervuls shoulu Lo (lroclotl for tho p1·otcction of tho Grnml Trunk R1ilway, onr mnin nrtcry of commu11i· c:ition Ly Jsnd, whilo nil .. tcnmc1-q :lll I trnn-.p H'ts ncces~nry woulil be tnkcn up f1J1•

Govcrnmcut purpo. <'", the former being nnnc I ns intended in tho onrly pu.rt of last ycnr. Such would po:--.ihly be considered on gcncrnl p rinciple; tho systom necessary lo

pursue in tho unlikely cnrnt of nn.r in\·n--io11 in force. Bnt 1>0 much woultl <lopon<l on tho ::1tro1wth nnd chnracto1· of sul'11 :rn in1·ontl thnt details would h:wo to bo doter-

;:-

mine«l upon its <lcvclopmcnt.

If in tho su•mcst1ons I hnvo matlo in tho course of this und of previous annual e::. reports I nppcar to ndvocnto mc:tstu·cs whith mny bo Cl)nsi<lorcd. by some ns execs.

i;h·o :md unneee~ nry expenditure I can only agsure cl'itic~ thnt I nm simply inth1enced by the mo"t honest profc,oioMI \'iows in statmg candidly w hat I hope mny bo admitted ns tho tir:ot clements of n national force suitable to the i;nfoty of n

grc!lt and growing nation uch as C!lnudn. So long ns a considerable portion of Ile1· lCnje:>ty's troops wero in Cannda they furnbhed n ::;tandnrd to which tho Mili tit\ couhl conform ; but with their departure tho~o ndvnntagcs have di~appearcd nnd

Canndn mu:>t therefore feel its own responsibilities. Soldiers, a g reat part of who~o ti mo is spent in civil life, require when cnlled out highly trained and capable

officers ao<l non-commi!'sioned staff to drill, disciplino nnd lend them, and this opinion i-. held in every military nnlion of Europo as well ns in the army of tho Unitod • 'tatc-1. It b therefore that I barn wb::e1l to mako clear tho nbsolnto necessity

of a permanent military forco in Canada, where officers nnd non-commissioned officers might acquire the rudimonb of instrnctiou and impart that discipline to the Militia. Tho time bas aJ:..o nrrivc<l when n r:mall permanent body of troops has

Lccomo necc-..;ary to keep tho peace of tho country, which the police nro not strong enough to nccompli.,h, an1i for which it i'i hnnlly fair npon the .llilitia to e:xpoct them to be rcsponr..iole.

I tru,,t therefore my sugge,,tion,, mn"· when connmiont be wcirrhed nntl con· ,J , 0

itlcrcd ; and I hope, however they may be <lonlt with, that it will bo fel t they arc nbmittcd with perfect "inglenc-.s of pnrpo~e, from no per:;onul 01· pedantic

profc-.sional motive, hut truly and honestly with tho welfare and prosperi ty of this

nrngnificont and progrcs,,ing depcnuency of tho Crown sincerely nt heart.

r have tho honor to bo Sir ' 1

Yonr obedient servant ' EDWARD SBLBY-S.llYTII,

Lit ut e.1mj t. Gcnera l.

APPEl\DIX No. r.

)!ILIT.ARY JJ1ST1~ 1Clr Xo. 1.

lf t:M> Qu.unER", LoNDOX,

:3rl.l December. 1578.

8rR,-J hm·c t ill' honCJr lo forwa rd for :.uLmi-.-.io11 to tho Uunci·al 01ficer com­manding t ho al·c·ornpa11y iug Jn.;1Jcclion Rcpo1·t of the JJi:-,trit-L nn<lcr my command , which have po1·for11w<l their annual drill for the year 1 78-7:.I in obedience to General Order:< of t liu llitlt .May lu"t.

'fho ~htivo .\Ji litia Force in thi" Di:-tri1·t <'·onsists or tl10 followin~ efficient corps-

CAVALRY.

'l'ho ht Hcgi 111c11 l of < 'ava lry unclcr command of LicutA.:oloncl Colo, con .. i:,ti11g of tho four ' r rnops of Ml. Thoma .. , L ondon, :ll0<11·1!town :md l\. i11~~\'illc. These arc four good T1 oops, <·o rn poscd cltiufly of !->On~ of well-to-do fa1 mer , and ai c very re1>poctnule i11 tell ige11 l young men, willing and anxiou ... lo pot fott thcm-.elve in d1ill; their hoi·-.e.>1 a rc strnug. ac·tivo and wiry, well tilted tor outpo-. t tlutiu .

ARTILLE RY.

'The Field .A rt illery c·on~isl~ oftl11ee Field Bnttcl'ic:-, "iz.: tho •1 London,"'' Wcl lington," and " Ontul'io," the lwu fiit-t 1 amcd fully equipped aud armed with 9-poun<ler muzzlc-l oa<li 11g ritl , cl /!uni>. 'The ''Ontario" .Fie Ill Buttery i-. al o nbout bei11g fully cquipp<'d. 'l'he .Artillc1 y of Ca11adn b al'knowlc<lgc<l to be the !rte of the Force an<l thc~o BattcrieH urc no OX\'Cption.

There arc two nal'l'i:-011 Batterie:-, the·· Godorid1" und '' 8nrnin,'' whonr • rmcd a:; infan try, und ha\'c one ~un each of po:silion to pracfr•o gun drill with.

r:wANTRY A:.D RrFI.E!'l

C 'onsist of olc\'cn Battalion~ viz.:

The i th London Light Infantry; 22nd ·· Oxfo1~\ " Hitlo" ; ·~ 1th ·1 Kt•11 i ' ' I n1Un t1·y ; :!:it h ·' ELgi 11 " I 11 thntry" ~l it h '' ;\\ ic\d lu>1CX '' [ nfantry j ~7th" l;nmhton " Infantry; 28th " PL•t·t h '' 111 liln t ty; :!!It h " Waterloo., Infont1·y ; :rnth .. W ellin~ton" Hi t\c.., ; 32nd " B1·11cl' '' Infantry ; ;{:frd " l1 11ron '' I nfonfry;

'fh u totnl, :tl·cor<lin~ to t hu full c:stalhl'.'lnncnt, bt1i11~ 31.iu ofthc1' 11nJ :1.0l•l non· oommi:-::1iuncd utli('l.'l' and mon.

5-l

.A :'i ~ lJ.\I. }I (l(I, t..

· · l 0 1 1 , 1• of the t1ith .May Ja~l, the )'itronglh of the Porco As l:ud tlown rn Genern .'(.c · . . . I l> ·11 for the curront year was

in thi'( Oi triet thnt wa" :mthor17.e~I to 1~otflo1 n~ .111.r.1:;" in,.,~:·uctio11~ contained in that r "toe! to ., %0 of all ra11b · uml Ill ncn)l'( nnco "1 1 . · . . o\~~ .. , the r~ilowing corp-. "~fl' 01iicrc(I to po1·form their Dnll, ''IZ. :-

Cal'lllry.

No-. 1 anti 2 Troop:', h•t Rt'giment of Cavali-y.

.Artillery.

Th T.on<lon Fieltl Battery under ~J 11jn1· John Peter;;. Thl' W ·lhn!!ron FH·lol B 1ttcry1 un.lc1· ~Iujf)r A rth . McDonal<l; Thu 011t:1rio .Fi. l<l H11t1c1'.}", umh·1· Cap1ni11 D. ~ft.Orne; 'l'he ::::1r11iu Gnrri~on Artillery, under Captain J. F. Adam".

ln/allfry and R1"jies.

7th Bnttnlion, undcr Lt. Col. Walkt-r; ~oth Battali1•11, nuder Lt. Col. A wood; 28th lhttu lio11 1 under Lt. Col. W. 8m th i 2~th B:1ttalio111 under Lt. Col. T. Peck; ao1h H1tk ... un<lcr Lt. Uol. Ularl<e; 3:l1il H:lllali1J11, und.:r Lt. Col. A M. R l""• and the \Yimbur aud Leamington Indcpe"mlilnL CompanieB.

INl:iPECTIO:'iS

Cavalry.

So. 2 'l'roop, 1 t Regiment Cuvalry, performed annual drill in camp net~r London comml·nci11g 2-.1h June, u11d worc in,..pc<'tc 1 by me on the 4th July. Their arms, accoutrcmeur... nml ,..n ldlory were clean, the lwr:-c' of a good 1:1er\'iccable stamp, and the troop looked well on paunlc. Lieut. Goloud Cole, commanding the regiment was pre,..cnt all the time in camp oupurintur.clin_; Lho drill and looking afte1· the comforts of tho men.

No. 8 'froop, J,..t Regiment, performed tlH•ir drill in con:;ecutive <lay:; at their local hcJ1d (1ua1 ter.:>, l wa-. much ,.trul'k at my in-pcction with the great improvement displuyc I Ly thi-. lJoop in the very clc.111 :<talc of' their accoutrements and saddlery, and rd u in their drill, ,.kirmi. hing and tirin!.! blank c·artri<lge. They would be a very u~eful l10<f\· of men 011 tl1i« front ier i-hould any <li lurliance arise.

On Ute ..Jth July, while tlli-. troop w1" lrillin~, the Mayor and Cor·poration of St. Clui1·1 .\lichigan (oppo,ite to the troop hcail quarter") :;ent over an invitation t-0 Major !:>townrt and hi" troop to pay them n fri<·nd ly vi,..it, which wns :iccopte<l, and tl11·.r c1·0 cd O\"Cr to St. Glau· a nil 1n~L w11 h a very ki n<l and hearty reception, the whole troop heing ho pitahly e11tortui11c I, af't<'r whid1 they formed on parade and wont. through ,..cvcrnl rna11ro11vre~ to the gratiticatiun of theil' host~. ancl returned well sat1 fio<l Wllh their ftieurJly tn .. atrnc11t.

Arl1llery.

London F1rld Battery.

. The f1011don I'ield Battery 'i\Cllt into i·amp at Salter' Grom, near Lo11do11 , for their drill, on .the 2'\th .Tune. They turno I out for my in11po<•l1on on the 4th July, with •very thmg com11leto and in excellent 01dcr, uud were formed up fonlr1ll along with

., ..,

the No. 2 Troop o(' ('n\•alry, whi ch cum11cd nlonf.! with thcrn. .M 1jor Poter~, wh11 i~ :in cxc1•1ltmL and 1on:11·t oflice1· in the tict.l, <·<11111111l111l J tho p11wle an I put them tl11·01wh many field movorncut~ whid1 they JICl'fo1·m1.><l very cro:litahly an I r upi lly. l rcg1~t that thi:-. corp,. ha~ not bcou ablo to tirn their artillery pr.ictice thi!I year, there UCing flO range l'Oll\'Ollicnt.

Wellington Field Batt1 ry.

Thi~ vo1·y ctlicient corp~ marched IG mifc,., to Fcrgu;;, where they campe•i for G day'\' dl'ill, .111d tnO\'Cd camp to l~lo1·a for the rom·li11i11~ Ii duy", in comp:tny with the 30th IWlci. l in~pecled thorn 011 the bt July aL l~ lom whul'il, paraded '~ilh the :iOth Rifle,,, thl.'y fil'(•d a f eu-de-joie and afterwanl s wcut throu;;h a sbam light uud nil acquittcl thcm,.,elve~ very creditably. . , , . . . . .

l ha\·o t11 1·cpo1·t that I fo1111J tho Wclltn.!.{tOn 1•1cld J, 1L1t•ry .-till rn·1111t:1m111_K 1l ..

high :ita11dard of etlfriency, tho -iame 1~ aL la-.t ye.tr"; drill. I bolio\·o. thi" corp~ io_ ho the bc:;t di,.l'iplirwd on_e in tl~is <ln1t1·i~t 1 an I en·1·.nh111~ .~\11111ec~cd_ \~1th the Htl•'rtor econotn\' of the (·orp~ i~ earned on with a l"l~..!arJ to 1111lttlll'.f d1ttc1plt11c tb:it i · .. fiecl1 greaL c1~c<lit on M:ajor ~la<:Donald and all u11du1· him.

Ontario Field Battery.

This ii a eorp:-; which hai been newly o~·~~uized thi" y~nr, its hcnd q1rn.rter" being the Ontario Modill Fai·m, near Guelph, anil 11 b 1Jla111 eel chiefly by the 11t.wlent~ at tho }lo<lcl Farm, who tnkc tho utmo-.t po,::.ible iulerc.-.t in their drill, in which they. :ire materially aided by I he Hector, Profo:-t;Or ')<·. John .... ton, (_who ha~ acceptod the po.;1t1on of ht. L1 cnlc11ant in tho Battery) and by hr~ staff of n"'lltstnnt"·

'l'hi1:1 Field Battery has been called an experiment! if 1:1~ it is .a wonderfully i-u<:­cec<sful one. It wn!i doubted by many people, at the firllt 111ccpt1on of tho corp"! if the t<tudents would be willing to give ups.:> much of their time allowc~ for ~elaxat1on 1\"I \VU!l necet-sary to onnble them to obtain a. ~ood lmowlodgo of' the11·. drill and to enable the corps to lie uoted a~ boi ng above the average st:rndn1xl ~ a Field Bntt('rJ: i hut (('on)'iidering that the corp!i wa,; uot 6 months ol~l) the .ro,.,ult.. u~ i<hown _1'.y their dnll l\t the in,,pcdion mado by the Inspe1;tor of .\.r.ttllory for Ontano (nt wluch I was pre>·l'll 1 ). b\· their dc11n accoutrements and wel I titled :"nd<llcry. hy the --mnrt~c .. ~ with \\ hil'h- they worked their guns, and by the <'Ol'l"OcL O.thwcr~ they _gave 1111 !1e111g examined ,·erballv hv the Jn,.pccting Officer. certainly lH'O\'C." that llu" corp-. will bo a mo>1L vuluahlo iv-ldi iion to the nrtille1T of Canada; an1l the -~tutlent .. , wh<~ liclon~ tt1

all partR of the Dominion, by tho time they have tini-.hed th.cir cou1·:-~ of 11H:·ucuon in farmin~, will nbo bo good artillel':rmen a11<I return to then· re-pcct.l\·c ho~c ... ahlo t.o drill othu1'H nnd render ·rnlunble ns it<tance in fi1rming- otho1· corp~ if rcqum•d.

I must not omit. to add that we were fortnnalc whl.'n commencing ~ht:- ne:v.cor P" t-0 be alil1..1 to t<dect a very efficient officer to take corn111:~11d, one who 111 a~l l~t~or~ to ha\·i1w 11 love for thii; nrm of the force, could "J>:lll' the time, nnd l!a<~ t.ho .1.lnhty to org1111i'zo tho co1·p::;, and who wn:c< himself well drillt•d anti ;1 1700<1 cli-.:~pl111arin11. ~ucl~ H.ll o1lil'l'r W:ll'I found in Captnir1 D:wid .MrCrao or the "cll1n~l0n f· JCl•_I Iht t~r3' le who:-;c nnwoariod oxnrlioDR the Ontario Field Battery owe thl' very ~nlllitablc lll'i'~ecf tion whh-h thoy pui<~e<l. I fool called upon ai,..o Lo noti<·c that to ~uy1r .)1ncD?nn o tho Wellington Field Battery iA much credit dne for hi~ able a~~1l'lt:mce durm~ t~o formatiou of tho Onta.rio Freld Battery, and the active interc:-t which he u1kes in ibi

welfare. · I l fll Thi~ Battery marched 18 mile~ to Elora. performed their re!.{u n~t}! nr t c?i'

practi('e, and m:1rched back the snmo duy_-one of tho t-htdent.~ makmg the be.'! individual artillery practice of nny corp~ tlu~ }il:lt·. . • . f

'l he wl,lfin•Tton and Ontario Field Bntterio;. a.---.1-.ted by the.t0"'._0 and Cl~IJ:Cll!'I 01 Guelph, have organized an excellent artillery brigade hand whwh 1 :i c1cd1t to al ('.()UCCI' 11 ()(I.

:i--li

--Jnja11try mid Rifle~.

I ho ';th l~ultulion l.omlon J,ight l11f:i.11try pc~·~ormod their a111111:1I <!rill in. camp :it ]~riou. :: n11k ... from Loudon. comuH.'lll'JJW tho 2ath ..Augu"t. ~\t my 1n"}ll't l10n on tb ~l t the bnu:1lio11 lool,cd "mu1't nnd t'lc:in in thcil' new uniform j but with tho cx1 cpti1 n of Xo. : company urnll'I' tho l'.<lmm1111d of Captain Thos. O'lkic11, who i!i an ~r.ollont: aml pai11 ... t:ikin!! otliccr, thl• corp" h:n·o not krpt up to thci1· old high tnml:m.1 ot d1 ill :ind dticio11C'y.

'2tit h. " .Jlficldl~t.i.:" Battalion.

'1'.hi" j ... a !!OOil C'OrJ'' 11rnl. pcrfon!1e<.l it" drill inc.amp nt Lu<"Ull, co1m~1on<·ing tho l!lth !'cptcmbcr, tho tomp:llllt'" arc lull aml well 11nllod, <:lean and l'Old1ol'likc · but diey kol tho latk ofintC'1c:-t takc11 in them Ly their County Coun<:il, l'O <litfo1·0;1 L 00 1ho p1triotic en<·onrfl!!Cnll'llt of other Uou11ty Councib who give an annual ••rant to 1Lcir C111111ty Battulio11 :t-- a token of recognition for their 8crvicc~. i:-

~ th "Path" Battali<m.

'J'hi .. ~0~1., a."cmblcd in .fnll :-tn•ngth. at • 't. :Ma1·yo.; on the !.Ith Scptomucr for an11uul d 111! 111 tamp, but unfortunntoly this happened to be <l urin•r tho very ntiny t-tsn. ... 011, the r.1in w~ incc. ...... nut for 11carly the whole time they w~ro in camp and

111otunc ... :ont·h hca,·y storm~ that the men hucl to be marched to the Town llall foi· E.l1t·lter mid wnnnt h. . l ,~·a,. ... urpri~t'li lo fi~d tho l1:1ttalion looking t·lcan and well tlisciplined at my lll"'pcet!on 110.t\\ 1th-.ta11d111g., al.I tbc bad weather. I hear1l not a. complaint among tltcm,_ .tnd Lieut. ~lone! :Smith ropo!·t~d .to me mo:,t highly of hi ... men':; 1piiet bch~vior, 110 grumulrn~. nor 1.ack o~ d1::.c1plmc tluringquite a trying time for young t11ld101 .. ; probaL~y th..,1r cxp~ncm·o Ill can~p tluring such bad weather has t:uwht them more p1act1t:d te ... son"' Jor actual scrY1co than double the time of tine wr·id'',. The ofti~cr~ of ~hi:i battalion dc-.en·e much credit for the management of'' t~:f~ comp:uuc ... m tJ11,.. cnmp.

'29th" Waterloo" Battalion.

'l'hi ~nc C'>rP\,com?1:111dctl hy Lient. Colonel Peck commenC'cd drill in camp near Berl~n on the <>~d ::Septcmoor. I llc\·cr :-aw thorn looking bettor. },t. ('ol. PcC'k hns by h1· great k1dne .. -. and pe~ onal caro for all l1i:-; battalion transform~·d what

dv.:n _fo1~medrly a ecoud r.ntc c Hp , into a Ycry cflicient battalion woll oflitci·c;I well

1 c1p Ille , and well d1 illcd. ' '

:'!0th ' Wel nytou ' 11attalio11 Riff ts.

This 10 com1 anj lhttulion is the titro1wo ... t, eo1·1i .. 1·11 tlio l>' 1 • L I l t t I o ., •~ 1·1c· am a wayti u11

11 . ou n J?V~ "trcnglli. ,Comm:rn lc•d by tho Lieut. Colonel U. ('lnrke. t hoy

por 01 med dull m camp at h~rgui; Jor 11 1luyi; ·uad ti I .1 , • longer accompanied by tho Wollin t p· 11 '1_i, •. ien mare iou to f•,lorn for !i day~ g1cat icn.::011 whv both of th '<l • ~ on . to< :Lt.tcr y who encamped nc:11· t hom. One the inhabitants ofthl' count;~ Cfll.Jl:S UIC '"> ~f}i~ .. Cllt and muster full tre11gth i:-;, that mteH' tin their local coi

3 e m~ton m~< 0 the to~vn of <fiwlph Ink<' 11 lively

hbeiality to their Baud afit1' 0~~mcn mg their g.nJ at drill, uml l'ub .. <"l'ibiug with groat meu fool that th ir reputation a~~ni~:t° r .. ary , 0. ~ccts, ;om;~quontly !lot Ii_ ofliccrs and county to\rn and thi!; ghc th c e ~ •110 bouna up Ill that of thou· co1111ty :md credit .to thclr COl'J>"'. I:! om ionowCl energy for pel'forming thoii· duty with

1 Ill I cctcd thi very efficient batt.nlion on ti l J , . , when Oil parnde with the Well' l r· 11 J> IO :sl . uly UL (amp I 1·v1nc, ~,lorll. of the Domiruon

8 bi rthJa) 11:~ ~1 . ' 1

1 .nttery they fired a je1t de j11fr i 11 honor

riliam1

fight in pre euco of 'a',, .. ~~ ~1 \\ :u ~ \\ 01!t thH,ugh a Jong tiuld dny nnd

o couco 11 ~o of people from ull uvor tho county.

5

~o~with-.tandiog the oxce,.Hivo heat tho men dl'illod vory 6lcadily, and tho kirm· u;hing wa.'i ron:arkn?ly well ~lo no! tho men ~howi ng grcnt ro1u1ino:1'i to t!1k1! wh·antngo of ov.ery po~>itblo 1rregulnr1ty m tho ground for CO\'crin" them ekci; from the enemies' fire.

33rd " Buro1f Battalion.

T?is llaltalion u~d1'r command of. Liout.-Uolonol A. M. H.o:. , cn<·n111pe 1 Ai Goderic!1 on 23l'<l ~eptember for thou- a?nuul drill. Con~idcriog that -.e\"oral compames had not dr1lled for two yearr; prev1ou'i aud thal thoy have a. largo majoritv of recruits the inspection wa_.; Aatisfnctorv. ' -

The county ?f Huron ha.q always had ~good l>uttalion compo"O<l of a \"Ory 1iu& body of meo, active, and capable of undergoing moro hard~hip than the majority ot the .Force.

Indepen<Unt Companie,,

The " Leamington " and "Wind!'lor." Companie ... 1lrilled at their local head 9-U!1rter11. l found the formo~ co~pany v~ry ~ood an<l woll <lrillod at my Tn pcction, it is ~ne of the beRt compnm~s m tho D1str1ct ::incl t:lkll~ great intere,..t in Target ~ra~t1co nearly every man bemg a good 10hot, and th(}y keep up a trong Rift.e .A.Mo­c1ation among them.

Th~ Windsor Company is fairly drilled, and p~raded with their accoutrement. and uniform very clean. I am g lad to find that an effort i1 being made to renew the ol<l battalion in this County of E-.~ex, ~ill<'O on account of its being tla most exposed frontier county in We~tcrn Ontario and oppo ito to the populous City of Detroit, it iH highly important that it should have an officieot and etroo11; Battalion ready to turn out at very short notice, should it be required to protect the frontier.

RIFLE ASSOCLATIONti.

Thora are 12 Rifle Associations in this DiRtrict which appear to be in a ftourish­ing condition and have held matche~ and are affiliated with either t be D lminion or the Ontario Rifte Association. London is henri qu·1rtor'i of the We'ilorn Rifie .A...""o­ciation, but owing to the losH of our Rifle Runge and iMbility at pro ont to procure ooe, the annual matches, usually very well attomle l, h:we to be postponodj Atop:i Me however being taken to procure an excallent and convenient. range.

I feel p1·ide in noticing that Wheeler Ogg, of tho W cllin~ton t'icl<l B~ttcry, received the Dominion Rifio AsRociation sih·er me ial for :-ocood hiµ;hc:-l "'C01'1} ~moni competitors from all part.s of the Dominion.

UNIFORM, AR.MS AND ACCOGTREll&:-IT~.

I have to report that tho whole Foreo in this Di-.trict i~ supplil><i with t{oorl serviconblo unifo1·m nnd g1·cat coat:i, tho quality of tho uniform tmppliod lhi5 yo:.1r is very good and givos satii .. faction.

Hvory m11n is supplied with arms and accoutl'cment.'4 wh'cb nre 1;~r•iccnblo, 'vith a few OX<'optionA in most of the corpi;; these riilcs rO•l uirin~ rop:iir,., I hopo l!OOn to have Hent to a cornpctont armourer.

'fho1·0 are also in tho stores hero a i;upply of tout'\ an<l ,blanket;; onfficicnt to encamp tho whole Poree of tho District.

OFFER' FOR AOTIYE SERYICF..

Dnrin~ tho oarly part of tbi<1 year it nppenrc.l prolnhlt' that r.ront Rrii:tin would bo on~.l~Od in war with Rn~sia; nnd r recoi'\011 oll'ur,.. from tho toll win' corpi through thoir commanding officer:; who bcgc;od to be pcrmittl'<i to otli.wtboir ~or\"ic~

to the mother country for ncth·o fo oig11 "en·iro in tho C\'ent of touch a wur tnking pince.

ht n(\rriment r1n:1h'\', TA. ('ol. Colt COllllllflOdinp;; L mdo~ Field B:1ttcr\· ~I j H' John l\,tc1·~ commanding; 7th Bnttalion, I;t. Gol: J. W11lk1•1· co111111:111tling; :.!:.!1111 B 1l1:1linn, J,t. ( 'ol. 'I'. Cow . .11 1 01111n:rnding~ :?1;1h B:1lllllion, J,t. •)I, Att\•·o .>41, 1•ornm:rnding;

Tho following- otliccr-.. al 1 offorcd t(•r :tNi,·o foreign "en•ico inclivi<lually:

.\fojur )kKnkht, :! th lht 1:tli1J1l j

• \1 ajor .I. b .m i~. la to ~it h I l:t It a I ion ; Cnp1:1in 'l'ho-... VBril'll. ith lhttali11n; C:1pt:iin IL(;. H•·l•d, 2-Hii B.1ttnli., .. ; Cjiptain .J. r~. l1:1millon, :!\.(to lbttaliou; C:iptiiin .T. \(orion, :~:!ud Butralion ; Licul. Wm. lie-lilt, Londo 1 l'idd lhttory; Lien!. J. G. Guillot, Into :!:fol B:ut:iliou.

OE~ER\LLY.

I ~ournl much imprm·emont thi- yt•ar in the lli-111, and every battalion without exccp~1011, to 1k :~ lnintngc of tho J• mi-..c.ion ~in'n i 1 Gonoral Onlon1 to dl'ill in battuhon ~nmp, 111-..t~ad of at their "0\'Cl .. ll l'Ornpany lll'!ld quarters.

I notico<i that tho men arc _cttiu~ to unJ,~1·.'.>ta n l hctter how to clean thoir holts an I a ·contl'Llll~nt-. nnd to \rnn1· th 'rn inn 1110 ·e i-oldiodike manner al::io i.ilonco in thu !'1111k .. nt dnll w~h holler ub er>o<l. '

l_ 1 o-c1·,·e tl~c n111:t 11111101·t11nL i:; tbject for coucln~ion · it i:-; this that every i.·eru.· tho rl1tlk11llj' ot •r ·Lttu" 1 11·1l11i.' l olti · I ' · · ' · J

H . . . ,..,~ b l ora an non-1.::i:nm1::i-.1oneLl officor::i HH'l'Caies.

0 1~ tl11~ h to he rern ed1cd w1ll1 I t11H, ruu·ivo :-eriou,; consideration. L' I h;ini In 11<·k1!<•wle<l::-c lhc t' 1rdi· I ·111 I 1·c:ldy t-:nppo1·t that I have received from thtcu~ -~~lor~l M ifrnt,. Bi 1gu ~(· .\I. i •I', Lieut.-(' >hiel Ley:;;, Di:--tric:t Payina~tor, and

o ~c 1 01.d C(lllllll 111 hug 11rhoo1 • of c·orp, d111·iug tho inst year.

I h:wc tho l10nor to he 8ir ' . Your moi;,t oho licnt fiervant,

JO fX B. TA Yf,;OR, TJieut.-0.>lonol,

D prity AJ .... ailt General, ~tilitary l>1~llfrt .No. 1. The AJjutnnt Ge1 crnl

I

llcad Qun ter.,, Ot .ma.

li.JLI11 \.PY J>I~rnwr xo. 2.

OLD J.\ RT,

~roe

'1

Jn ol.J;dionco lo tho ab J\.'C <Jl\Jor lhO fol111wing corps WOl'C: i.mlorcd t.o perform the annual drill:-

rrho Govc1·no1-.Goncral':. Body (~1mrd-'.! Trn<ip". Field Bnllo1·ies-'l'nron to, llami I ton and W c l11111cl, G:uTbou Battoric!<-Toronto, ('ollingwoo•J and :-51. Cnthorinc . 2nd :itilitary l)j,.tric:t Engi11ecr Company. [nfnnt1-y-:fo1l Battalion, Queon'i; Own llifie'i; lOL\ Ibyal«, 'foronto: 131b

Battalio11, Hamilton. (Tho.,o aro city <.:•>rp,..)

'l'be Corp~ uot <lrillecl lai;l yotu·-12th Battalion, York R!rngors . 34th '' Oritario. .~5th '' Simcoo Forc~tor!-1. 38th " Bnwl. Dufforin Rifle~. 77th " Wentworth.

To complete tho quota-No. 1 Company, 19th Batbtlion, ~iagnrn. Two<Jompanie:.

144th .Da.ttalion, Clifton and Fort ~rio.-li'ronticr Companie~.

The following Corp,; were, thorcfore, not rocp1iroo to perform annual drill:-

2nd Rogimont of Cavalr-y. 19th Battalion, Lincoln, 5 Companie.;. 211th " Hal ton. 3bt <1rny. :Hlt.h " Peel. 37th " Halclimaud. 39th " Simcoe. 44th " Welland, 6 ComtJanic:<. R ifle Company, ~ault ::>tc. ~\fario.

lt will Lhtt!'I bo :--CCII there are eig'.1t B llt'llions in my rn~trict which hsvo not performed any an1111:\l 1hill, the:-o corp" lw\·ing pol'fo1 med drill l:L-->t yo1u·.

lN!'l'ECTill:\S.

The fio,·c1·nor-(icnc1·al'-. Bo ly <~uard, 2 Troop .... Tho Toronto Field H:ttll.!1 \'. The :!ml ~lilitary l)i,,t1frt· 1~. ,.(nccr G1111p·111y. Tho::) luad1·011 w:b co111m:111Jc,': by )h1j-1r 1Jc11bo11. '!'he Field lhl lcry by .\faJoi· lTrn v. 'l'ho l~nginoo1· Comp•lllY Ly Lt--Culoncl ... .' oLlc.

'£1 10,.,0 three ('ot'p".> p:u-:u!o.l 101· my i11"poction on S·1tnrday at 3 P:m., 29th Juno, on tlw Ganbon Co111 mon, u 11 lei· tho comu1.wd of Lt.-Coloncl ti. •r. Dc111:--on, Govo1·001·-Gonornl'i; Uody Guard. . .

'l'ho fot'CO J>l'O'-ClllOd on )l'\I':\ fo :\ Y"l')" l'l'elfitab\O :11Hl sohhor\iko :tppe~r:lOCO. 'Tho hm:-;o" uf' the B01ly Gna.d au.l ti10 B 1tlC•.) wc1" dut•11ll.'~.}' a bd,k1· cl:\,,., ol ho1:"Cd than 11 ... urtl. 'l'ho mnrchin_:.{ pa-.t w:1:1 wcii <lone. altliou~h 111 trnllln~ ~u11l ~allu1_>111g past, 1 ho hor:;c~ of 1 hu Ho l > ; ; 11.1r.l wvu} ... o.ncwhat wild, a11J h:11,l to IH1lll. fho .Bat.Lory went p:bL 1tlll'l)l l\t11011ly wdl an! \' ·1y -.to311Y,. .

Inuncdintcly af'tor tho B i~:idc took up a po-..1t10n fitc111g tho llumb~r beach, und!'I' Llw ~uppo:iiiion o'.:111 Cltl'lll,Y m•w! g Jro!n .that qunrlcl' on .tl.10 Ol_<l ,!•01t;_tho thl'l'O ai·nh we e wdl di"p 1::1cd ut, ,\ vrl-i11~ wc1l 11. 1nulu 11 ,.,.uppo1 t, ~11111111:> back on tho Old Fort H ir.111~ tin! pu.111s fa\·or:il.Jle for !'efcncc. ~\ltogothor it w:i: \\ ull cal'­ricd out. t l•ll~·ct 1 ng 111 nch c1 l'!lit n po11 tho oflicel' t•o111mn111i 111g, and the ollico1"" com im111d 111g I 'urp".