北極圏大学Thematic Network on Permafrost...28 年度海外ラーニングサテライト報告...
Transcript of 北極圏大学Thematic Network on Permafrost...28 年度海外ラーニングサテライト報告...
28年度海外ラーニングサテライト 報告
北極圏大学Thematic Network on Permafrost 永久凍土に関するサマースクール
杉本敦子 北極域研究センター
Learning Satellite at Yakutsk in 2016
• Aug 1-12• 北大生15名(留学生2名)• 15名のうち3名(留学生1名)
はUArcticコースに参加• 北東連邦大学から6名• ロシア北東連邦大学 5名• 講師は 北大、北東連邦大
学、アラスカ大学などから
JRE3 基礎科目 ヤクーツク実習
UArctic Thematic Network on Permafrost summer Field School
Aug 1-19, including RJE3 summer course
Lectures and exercises including• permafrost• hydrology• utilization
& cultures• ecosystem• carbon cycle• natural hazard
• 15名(うち3名は北大生)• 日本、中国、米国、UK、
ドイツ、インド、モンゴル• 単位は北東連邦大学で
出し、環境科学院で1単位を認定
Field course on Permafrost ecosystem
Yakutsk
Vladivostok
Permafrost永久凍土の分布
Distribution of coniferous forest針葉樹林の分布
Permafrost Ecosystem in Eastern Siberia東シベリア永久凍土帯生態系
P=213mm/yrDry Climate 乾燥気候
・Yakutsk
Russian Federation Sakha Republic
Caital: Yakutsk city62N 130EPopulation: about 0.3 million peoplelargest city on permafrost
北東連邦大学North-Eastern Federal University
Sakha RepublicPopulation: 1 millionYakut, Russian, Ukrainian, Even, Evenk, and other many ethnic groups
Spasskaya Pad Experimental Forest
Station of IBPC SBRASYakutsk, Russia
from 1998IGBP GCTE TEMAWCRP GEWEX GAME/SiberiaIFES-GCOE long-term
observational site
Aug 1 (Mon) – Yakutsk NEFU (ULK 1st floor at room 118)09:30-10:00 Registration (by NEFU staff) at corridor10:00-10:30 Opening Ceremony (by Kugrunov, Yohsikawa, Prisyazhniy, Sugimoto,
Maximov) at University Academic Council room10:30-11:30 Lecture (by Sidorova) “History of Yakutia” 11:30-12:00 Guidance 12:00-13:00 Lecture (by Yoshikawa) “Climate of permafrost areas” 14:00-15:00 Lecture (by Kholodov) “Russian database and it’s research
background (TSP Russia)”15:00-16:00 Exercise (by Kholodov) “Using Russian Permafrost Network”
Aug 2 (Thu) – Yakutsk NEFU (ULK room 118)09:00-10:00 Lecture (by Yoshikawa) "History of permafrost research"10:00-11:00 Lecture (by Stanilovskaya) "Permafrost Engineering for Russian oil
pipeline"11:00-13:00 Exercise (by Stanilovskaya) "Permafrost Engineering for Russian oil
pipeline"14:00-15:00 Lecture (by Prisyazhniy) “Siberian permafrost and community”15:00-16:00 Exercise (by Prisyazhniy) “Siberian permafrost and community”16:00-17:00 Lecture (by Sugimoto) “Permafrost ecosystem”17:00- Formulation of group tasks for RJE3 field short course
日程
Aug 3 (Wed) – Yakutsk to Spasskaya Pad09:00- Move to Spasskaya Pad forest station (2 buses)10:00-11:00 Field excursion to Spasskaya Pad (4 km hike) (by Kononov)11:00-13:00 Quick field tour introducing Spasskaya Pad station's study sites14:00-15:00 Lecture (by Sato) “Land and atmosphere interactions in cold
environment”15:00-16:00 Leture (by Kononov) “Studies of climate and greenhouse gases”16:00-17:00 Lecture (by Maximov) “Research history and direction of
international joint research at Spasskaya Pad”18:00-20:30 Welcome dinner at Spasskaya Pad: Culture event
UArctic20:30- UArctic students will leave for Yakutsk 21:00- 1 bus for UArctic students to Yakutsk
RJE3Aug 4 (Thu) – – Aug 7 (Sun) ー Spasskaya PadAug 7 (Sun) move to Yakutsk
UArcticAug 4 (Thu) – Aug 7 (Sun) -- field trip & lectures at Taatta (1 bus)Aug 7 (Sun) move to Yakutsk
4Kmのハイキング授業
スパスカヤパッド滞在4つのグループに分かれて、
生態系観測ミニ研究プロジェクトを実施
Aug 8 (Mon) – Yakutsk NEFU (ULK room 118)09:00-10:00 Lecture (by Yoshikawa) “Permafrost high mountains from Tropical to
Arctic, Antarctica”10:00-11:00 Lecture (by Yoshikawa) “Permafrost drilling techniques”11:00-13:00 Lecture (by Jin, Yoshikawa) “Geophysical Investigations for
Permafrost ”14:00-15:00 Lecture (by Jin) “Permafrost Engineering for Chinese oil pipeline”15:00- 2 Exercises (by Yoshikawa) “Thermistor calibration and borehole
instrumentation”, “Ground temperature analyses”
Aug 9 (Tue) – Yakutsk Field workField work near Yakutsk (by Yoshikawa) “Drilling in alas/pingo” (2 buses)
Aug 10 (Wed) – Yakutsk Laboratory work at MPI08:50- Leave for Melinikov Permafrost Institute09:15-09:45 Greeting from Premafrost Institute (by Zhelezniak) & “Permafrost
Institute tour” 9:45-13:00 Laboratory work “Permafrost cores and soil samples” 14:00- Lecture & Exercise (by Fedrov) “Thermokarst lakes in Central Yakutia,
Agriculture and Alas usage”15:00- Permafrost tunnel tour (by Zhelezniak)
永久凍土研究所見学
永久凍土掘削
Aug 11 (Thu) – Yakutsk NEFU (ULK room 118)09:00-11:00 2 Lectures (by Yoshikawa) “Periglacial geomorphology”11:00-13:00 2 Lectures (by Prysyazhniy) “Social science people, natural hazards
and permafrost in Russia”UArctic
14:00-15:00 Lecture (by Jin) “Permafrost Engineering for Chinese oil pipelin”15:00-16:00 Lecture (by Jin) “Permafrost in Central Asia and Tibet”
RJE3 14:00- 18:00 Preparation for presentation at ULK room 508
Aug 12 (Fri) – Yakutsk NEFU (or IBPC)09:00-11:00 RJE3 participants final presentation (NEFU ULK room 508)11:30-13:00 RJE final presentation (Library or IBPC)afternoon Mammoth museum, and/or Yakutsk State Museum of history and
culture of the people of the Northevening RJE3 Farewell party
UArcticAug 12 (Sun) – Aug 19 (Fri) Lectures at Yakutsk & field trips
Aug 15 Field Trip to NumtsyAug 16 Yakutsk city tourAug 17 evening Dinner at Restaurant Muus KhayaAug 19 Presentation
4つのグループのミニ研究プロジェクト成果プレゼン
The effect of location and light-intensity to photosynthesis
of Larch
Group A
Back Ground
Larch forest Pine forest
Larch grow intwo different regions
To estimate the total carbon budget in eastern Siberia
Characterize photosynthesis of Larchin two different regions
Light Condition
Filter Light source Intensity
- off 03,2,1 Mean 7713,1 Mean 11653,2 Max 14563 Max 2202
chamber
Filter
Laser
Methods Experiment
1. Putting the needle into the chamber2. Adjusting the light intensity3. The measurement from turning on
light to recording for over 5mins4. Recording the value:
Q、T、E、A、ΔC、ΔW
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500
Phot
osyn
thet
ic ra
te (μ
mol
/mm
2 /se
c)
light intensity
Pine forest_No1Pine forest_No2Larch forest_S1Larch forest_S4
Results
Photosynthesis rate were…1) affected by light condition2) increased first and became stable3) pine forest was higher than larch forest
PINE LARCH Effect to photosynthetic
Soil condition dry wet Indirect or possibly
Sun light condition high low direct
Nitrogenavailability high low direct
Discussion
Why photosynthetic rate of pine forest was higher than that of larch forest?
Growth condition may affect to the photosynthetic rate
Conclusion
1. Light intensity immediately affect to the photosynthetic rate.
Photosynthetic rate decrease when sun light is lowbecause of smoke from forest fire and/or cloud.
2. Growth condition may affect to the photosynthetic rate.
We need to consider these pointswhen we estimate total amount of photosynthetic rate
in whole forest of eastern Siberia
SOIL RESPIRATION MEASUREMENTS
RJE3 B GROUP 12/8/2016
Group B
Group CEstimation of inter-annual
variations of larch needle LAI and production from litter fall
Spatial variation of
chlorophyll content
and soil organic matter
http://volnomuvolya.com/images/larch.jpg
Lecture
Discussion
Field lecture
Welcome party at Spasskaya Pad
Mini research project
Field worksData analysis &
preparation for presentation
Permafrost Institute Tour
Drilling of permafrost
Presentation Closing ceremony
Experiencing permafrost Yakutian foods
Yakutian culture tour
UArctic Summer School Presentation