OEC/ICTAP Office of Emergency Communications / Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance...

OEC/ICTAP

Office of Emergency Communications / Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance Program

Gateway Training Workshop Module Three

Hands-on Configuration

Audio Control Units (ACU)

Patrick R KempkerGateway Instructor

OEC/[email protected]

(619) 553-5172

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Glossary COR/COS Carrier Operated Relay/ Carrier Operated Squelch - A receiver signal that gives

a COS positive indication a carrier or signal is being received and the receiver is unsquelched.

CPM-2/4/6 Control Processor Module - This ACU module controls all aspects of system operation.

DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency - The standard touch-tone telephone dialing method sends DTMF characters over the Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN) line.

DSP Digital Signal Processing (or Processor).

DSP-1/2/2IP The Digital Signal Processor Module, the main radio interface of the ACU-1000 system. DSP algorithms provide Voice Operated Transmit (VOX), Voice Modulation Recognition (VMR), Audio Delay, Noise Reduction, and Tone Keying functions.

Extension Each interface module in the ACU-1000 system is given an extension number. A user enters this extension number to make a communications link through the selected module

HSP-2/4/2IP The ACU-1000 Handset/Speaker/Prompt Module provides a local operator interface and the system voice prompt circuitry.

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Glossary Cont. INMARSAT International Marine/Maritime Satellite

PSTN-1/1IP Public Service Telephone Network module to interface to the Public Switch Telephone Network

PTT Push to Talk

RX Receive or Receiver

SIP Session Initiation Protocol

SCM-1/2 SIP Channel Module

Squelch A means of detecting audio and causing some action when it is present, such as keying a transmitter or unmuting an audio path.

TX Transmit or Transmitter.

VMR Voice Modulation Recognition. A type of squelch, which is activated only by spoken words and not by tones, noise, or other audio information.

VOX Voice Operated Xmit (Transmit). A circuit or algorithm, which causes a transmitter to key or some other action when voice is present. This squelch type is activated by any audio signal, and is not restricted to voice only.

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Advanced Gateway Operations Overview Specific Requirement & Capabilities Setup & Configuration Adjustments

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Overview

Types of Ports (Purpose) Optional Equipment ACU Control Console Module Adjustments Questions

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Specific Requirement & Capabilities Functional Diagram

Baseband Voice

VoIP

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Specific Requirement & Capabilities

• LEDs provide connection status and diagnostics for each port

• Interconnects 4 audio devices; 2 VoIP channels; and local operator

• Can interconnect radios in any band including HF, VHF, UHF, P25, 800Mhz, and Nextel iDEN phones

• Internal pre-configured radio template library for all supported devices

• Water-resistant front panel with integrated keys and displays provides a standalone interface to the device in lieu of configuring and controlling by use of a PC

• Local monitor functionality• External audio connectors for a variety of

handset and headset support

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ACU-M Back Connectors

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1. Power On/Off Switch - Controls the DC input power to the unit.

2. Handset Connection - RJ-12C jack to connect the Handset with integrated PTT switch (provided).

3. Internal Speaker - Provides the Local Operator the means of hearing RX Audio from selected ports.

4. Serial - Male DB-9 connector provides serial RS-232 interface for remote control capabilities.

5. Power Connector – 4-pin CPC connector to input +9 to +15 VDC.

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ACU-M Back Connectors (continue)

6. Ethernet - Female RJ-45 connector provides Ethernet network interface for remote control and VoIP capabilities.

7. Ext Speaker - Female 3.5 mm audio connector to interface external speaker.

8. Ear Phone - Female 3.5 mm audio connector for external headset use.

9. MIC - Female 3.5 mm audio connector for external headset use.

10.Port R1 thru R4 – Male DB-15 connectors interface a radio/resource to a specific ACU-M™ port.

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Specific Requirements and Capabilities WAIS Software Requirements

OS Windows 98 Me, NT, 2000, XP, or Vista (XP Recommended)

Video card and display support 1280X1024 resolution at 16 bit color (24 or 32-bit color recommended)

128MB RAM minimum 50 MB free hard drive space Ethernet Card , TCP/IP

network protocol capability Any type of pointing device

will work, but a two-button mouse is recommended

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Setup & Configuration JPS Updates

NOTE: Before making your initial adjustments make sure you have the latest software and firmware. Information can be found at http://www.raytheon.com/capabilities/products/xxx/ (XXX = ACU1000, ACU2000IP, ACU_M, or ACU_T)

Request the latest updates at: http://www.raytheon.com/businesses/ncs/civilcomms/firmware/

Useful Downloads: IPSetup - displays the IP address of any JPS proprietary equipment

connected to your network NXU-2 Setup Utility – Allows quick configuration of NXU-2 and NXU-2a PCNXU Software - With a ACU Controller Software this turns your computer

with speaker and MIC into a VoIP Dispatch Center) ACU Simulator – Allows you to run the ACU Controller software without

using a live system

http://www.raytheon.com/capabilities/products/xxx/

http://www.raytheon.com/businesses/ncs/civilcomms/firmware/

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Setup and Configuration –ACU Controller Installation Verify you have the latest controller software

If not Version 5.42, request it at:http://www.raytheon.com/businesses/ncs/civilcomms/firmware/

and Raytheon JPS will provide a download link Contains the latest radio templates & cable schematics

Extract the files from the acuc5_42.zip file (Be sure to note the location of the extracted files)

Go to the extracted file’s location

http://www.raytheon.com/businesses/ncs/civilcomms/firmware/

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Setup & Configuration ACU Controller Installation

Double click on the Setup program

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Setup & Configuration ACU Controller 4.2 Install Shield

Click Next

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Setup & Configuration Welcome Screen

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Setup & Configuration License Agreement

Read the End-user License AgreementAccept the terms and click Next

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Setup & Configuration Readme Information

Read the information the click Next - it explains additional programs needed to fully utilize the controller software (i.e. Adobe Acrobat Reader)

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Setup and Configuration Installation Location Screen

Accept the default installation location or press change and enter a new location. Click Next

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Setup & Configuration Installation Progression Screen

The program starts installing and the progression screen show were it is

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Setup and Configuration Installation Complete

Installation complete click finish

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Setup & Configuration Interfacing to the ACU Determine the Interface Devices (Radio, Cell, Satellite,

VoIP – IP address, port) Insure you have the proper interface cable Connect the interface cable to the proper port (R-1

through R-4) and the interface device

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Setup & ConfigurationInterfacing to the ACU Connect the maintenance computer to the ACU

RS-232 serial port of the maintenance/controller computer to the Serial port

Computer’s Network Interface Card (NIC) RJ-45 port with a crossover CAT-5 Ethernet cable to the RJ-45 port

Computer’s Network Interface Card (NIC) RJ-45 port with a straight through CAT-5 Ethernet cable into the Local Area Network (LAN) for this to work the ACU must also be connected to the LAN

Turn on the ACU wait to hear “System Ready” Double click on the ACU Controller ICON

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Setup & Configuration Ethernet Connection Screen

All JPS equipment come with a factory default IP address of 192.168.1.200

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Setup & Configuration Serial Connection Screen

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Setup & Configuration Default Controller Screen

To enter the module configuration screen double click on any module’s icon (R1-R4 or V1-V2)

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Adjustments R1-R4 Port Settings

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Adjustments General Module Settings

Description – User Friendly Name of original radio net/talk group (i.e. Frequency, Organization,…)

ICON Color – Adjusts Icon color to help distinguish one radio from

another Custom – Change module icon to a custom version (user is

prompted for a location) Custom icons are stretched/compressed by the program to the correct size for a 1280x1024 display, which is 76x90, before again being stretched/compressed to the appropriate size for the actual ACU Controller window size that is running.

NOTE: These settings are not stored in the ACU, they only help identify the module. They’re stored in the configuration file of the ACU Controller Software and must be reloaded at the start up of the Controller Software

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Adjustments Templates

Supplied by Raytheon JPS Contain optimum radio setup values as determined by

JPS System Engineering Department Settings are optimized when a specified radio is used

with the radio configuration parameters and interface cable schematics (radio properly adjusted and JPS furnished cables)

User Created Saves and restores all settings for an individual

module

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Adjustments Template (Cont.)

Save - Stores all settings for an individual module in a User-Created template, they are stored by default in the C:\ACU Controller\Template directory

Load - Restores all settings for an individual module, both JPS Furnished and User-Created Templates are located in the C:\ACU Controller\Template directory by default

Last Loaded/Saved – List the file name of the last accessed file DSP Help – Brings up basic instructions for interfacing a radio

to DSP Open App Notes – Allows users to browse a PDF formatted

application note’s library

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Adjustments Audio Levels

RX (Receive) Level - Default is 3=0dBm Correct level are required for proper operation

Too high will cause flat-topping and distortion Too low will not provide adequate audio volume

Front Panel Signal LED provides a guide; raise RX volume until the Signal LED flashes momentarily on voice peaks Positive numbers adds attenuation, Negative numbers

subtract it If it never flashes it is to low If it is almost always on it is to high

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Adjustments Audio Level (Cont.)

TX (Transmit) Level - Default is 6 = 0dBm Correct level are required for proper operation

Positive numbers adds gain, Negative numbers subtract it (just reverse from RX level)

To high will cause flat-topping and distortion To low will not provide adequate audio volume

If the actual requirement of the radio is known, select the level from below

If it is not known start at 0 and step up one point at a time until the proper level is reached.

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Adjustments Squelch Type

DSP-1or DSP-2 must have positive knowledge an audio signal is present

For best reliability use hardwired COR signal If no hardwired COR and the radio has a squelch circuit

use the radio’s squelch in conjunction with Voice Operated Xmit (Transmit - VOX) mode

Voice Modulated Recognition (VMR) should be used with FM radios that must be operated with an open squelch

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Adjustments Squelch Type (Cont.)

COR (0) Carrier Operated Relay/Squelch - Hard Wire COR the only parameter that needs to be set is the COR polarity

COR Polarity - Only set if hardwire core is used The module allows the hardwired COR input to work

active high or active low- Default is Active low If the radio’s COR output goes low when a signal is

being received, set the input to active low; if the radio’s COR output goes high when a signal is being received, set the input to active high

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VMR (1) Voice Modulated Recognition - algorithm is not amplitude related; it specifies how stringent the algorithm is when deciding whether a signal contains speech or noise Three parameters determine how VMR algorithm

functions: VOX/VMR Hang Time VOX/VMR Threshold RX Audio Delay

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VOX (2) Default Voice Operated Xmit (Transmit) - algorithm will signal COR present whenever the incoming audio exceeds a set threshold (amplitude) Three parameters determine how VOX algorithm

functions: VOX/VMR Hang Time VOX/VMR Threshold Rx Audio Delay

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Adjustments VOX/VMR Threshold VOX/VMR algorithms are not perfect and there are

performance tradeoffs. Low threshold is less likely to fail to detect speech but

more likely to give a false transmit on noise High threshold is less likely to false transmit on noise

but will fail to detect some speech Lower threshold should be used if noise is not excessive,

Higher threshold is used for open-squelch FM radios

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Adjustments VOX/VMR Hang Time VOX/VMR Hang Time keeps the audio path enabled for

an adjustable duration after the moment when speech is no longer detected preventing the audio from being muted between syllables or during pauses in speech

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Adjustments Audio Delay

RX (Receive) Audio Delay (Input) Prevents loss of the audio that is received before the

detection takes place and the audio gates can open to send it to other modules

The amount of delay needed depends on the type of COR used

Delays should be kept at the default values unless system requirements dictate a change (slow-to-key radios…)

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Adjustments Audio Delay (Cont.)

RX Audio Delay (Cont.) There is never a true “zero delay” RX delay does not delay the COR signal

If two radios are cross-connected an active COR at one module will immediately key the other module

The duration of the COR signal will be extended by the RX audio delay

Keep delay set as low as possible for clarity If part or all of the first syllable is clipped the delay

should be increased

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Adjustments Audio Delay (Cont.)

TX (Transmit) Audio Delay - Mainly used for trunked radios Trunked systems have a delay between when the radio’s

PTT is activated and when a channel is assigned Most systems signal this ready status by a confirmation

tone, which can not be relayed by the ACU The TX audio delay should be set to a duration that holds

the TX audio until the channel is selected so the first syllable is not clipped

Note: When 2 radios are cross-connected the RX delay of one radio is added to the TX delay of the other This is caused because the COR is not delayed so the

combined delays could be as much as 1100ms

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Adjustments Miscellaneous (Cont.)

COR Inhibit Time After PTT – Default is 1=100 ms Used to prevent ping-ponging Some radios produce momentary unwanted COR

outputs just after their PTT inputs are de-activated, the COR inhibit cause the unwanted COR outputs to be ignored

IF the inhibit time is not correctly set, the unwanted COR signal can cause connected extensions to momentarily key

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Audio Adjustments Ping Ponging Ping Ponging is the effect when the radios in the patch begin bouncing

between TX and RX with no signal present. Connect all the radio interface modules together in one Net along

with the HSP Using the HSP handset key-up, speak, and release Watch the radio icon’s COR indicator. Whichever radio icon shows

activity first is the source of the problem Remove that radio an see if the problem goes away, if not remove

any addition problem radios Patch one on the problem radios into a net with just the HSP, adjust

the COR Inhibit Time After PTT up and repeat steps 2 and 3, continue the process until it fixes the problem, Remember to keep the adjustment as small as possible to avoid excess delays

Repeat for the other problem radios Repeat steps 1 and 2 to verify the problem is corrected

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Adjustments Audio Processing High Frequency Equalizer – Default 4 Flat

Reshapes the high frequency response of the receive audio input Improved DTMF detection when using radios with nonlinear

response Better-sounding audio High Frequency response can be cut or booted by up to 5 dB

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Adjustments Action Buttons

OK – Accepts all changes and closes the screen Cancel – Closes the screen without accepting changes Apply – Applies all changes without closing the screen

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Adjustments V1-V2 Port Settings

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Adjustments General Module Settings Description – User Friendly Name of telephone system (i.e.

Frequency, Organization,…) ICON

Color – Adjusts Icon color to help distinguish one radio from another

Custom – Change module icon to a custom version (user is prompted for a location) Custom icons are stretched/compressed by the program to the correct size for a 1280x1024 display, which is 76x90, before again being stretched/compressed to the appropriate size for the actual ACU Controller window size that is running.

NOTE: These settings are not stored in the ACU, they only help identify the module. They’re stored in the configuration file of the ACU Controller Software and must be reloaded at the start up of the Controller Software

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V1-V2 Adjustments

IP Address – used to distinguish between the two (2) virtual VOIP ports

ACU-M IP address – the network address given to the ACU-M (Factory default is 192.168.1.200)

Module VOIP – The specific well known address the audio goes over to get to the virtual VOIP port.

Module Command – the well known port the command signals go over (COR, PTT)

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V1-V2 Configuration

Comm. Mode – How the communications patch is established (Normal, Multicast, Connectionless)

Role – Role of the virtual port (Server, Client) Status – Status of the talk patch (Disconnected,

Connected) Target – Distant end’s IP address (computer running

PCNXU)

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V1 – V2 Actions buttons

Connect to Target – Create a connection to the target IP address

Disconnect – Disconnects from the target IP currently connected

Refresh Info – Updates the connection status

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V1 – V2 Action Buttons

OK – Accepts all changes and closes the screen Cancel – Closes the screen without accepting changes Apply – Applies all changes without closing the screen

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Questions

????

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OEC/ICTAP Office of Emergency Communications / Interoperable Communications Technical Assistance...

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