ˆˇ˜˘ ˝ Cady Stantonbrookhaven5.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/9/9/12990395/...woman named Lucretia...

ISBN-13: 978-0-328-67698-9ISBN-10: 0-328-67698-5

9 780328 676989

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Social Studies Socia

l Stu

dies

and the Fight for Women’s Rights

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

myWorld Social Studies Building Our Country

Genre Comprehension/Target Reading Skill

Text Features Social Studies Content

Lexile Measure

Biography Generalize •Illustrations

•Photographs

•Captions

•Headings

•Glossary

ElizabethCadyStanton

TheYoungNationGrows

750

Jeri Cipriano

ESS13_ANC05_LR_C07_CVR_STANTON_BEL.indd 1 11-03-03 6:38 PM

PEARSON -pearsonschool.cam

PEARSON - 1IIIIII IIlIIIlIII

Did you understand?Now think about what you read. Choose one of the topics you read about. Write facts or details about your topic in the outer ovals on the web. Draw more ovals if you need to.

Study the facts you wrote in the web. Use these facts to write a generalization in the middle oval of the web. Remember, your generalization should be based on the facts that you read in the book.

Compare your generalization with a partner’s.

After Reading

Do you understand?As you read the book, look for topics discussed in the book. Some topics are the women’s rights movement, the people who worked for women’s rights, or Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s life.

Look for facts about these topics.

During Reading

GeneralizeWhen you read nonfiction, you read many facts. It can be helpful to find an idea that links those facts. You can generalize, or make a statement that tells what different facts have in common.

In this book you will read that in the early 1800s, women were not allowed to vote, could not own property, and many jobs were closed to them. The generalization you could make based on these facts is In the 1800s, women had few rights.

Before you read this book, draw a web like the one shown or use one your teacher gives you. As you read, think of a generalization that you could make about people or events in the book based on facts and details you have read.

Before Reading


Boston, MassachusettsChandler, ArizonaGlenview, Illinois

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey

IllustrationsOpener, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 Luigi Galante.

PhotographsEvery effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions.

Unless otherwise acknowledged, all photographs are the property of Pearson Education, Inc.

Photo locators denoted as follows: Top (T), Center (C), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R), Background (Bkgd)

All Photos: Library of Congress.

Copyright © 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to Pearson Curriculum Rights & Permissions, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458.

Pearson® is a trademark, in the U.S. and/or in other countries, of Pearson Inc. or its affiliates.

ISBN-13: 978-0-328-67698-9 ISBN-10: 0-328-67698-5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0FL 15 14 13 12 11

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

and the Fight for Women’s Rights Jeri Cipriano

ESS13_ANC05_LR_C07_STANTON_BEL.indd 1 11-03-06 11:32 PM

PEARSON ---PEARSON ---

Growing UpElizabeth Cady was born on November 12, 1815. At

the time, she was expected to grow up to be like other women. She would not be able to vote, own property, or have a job. But she did not grow up to accept these ideas. Instead, she fought for women to have the rights that men had.

What led her to this fight? It might have begun when she was 11 and her brother died. Cady’s father was in deep grief, so she tried to cheer him up. She learned horseback riding, like a boy. She did well in school. But it didn’t matter. Her father still wanted a son.

Elizabeth’s father, Daniel Cady, was a successful judge and lawyer. He was crushed when his only son died.

2


Women in the 1800sYoung Elizabeth Cady liked to visit her father’s law

office in Johnstown, New York, where she grew up. There, she listened in on meetings he had. She learned that women had few rights under the law. Men could seek divorces, but women could not. Women’s money was their husband’s. Women could not have a job. Elizabeth Cady was shocked and angry.

At the age of 16, Elizabeth Cady graduated from school. Her father then sent her to a women’s college. But Cady was upset. The college she really wanted to attend would only admit men. Men’s colleges offered a better education, while women’s colleges taught skills for housekeeping and raising children.

At a young age, Cady saw that she had fewer opportunities because she was a girl.

3


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People Wanting ChangeAfter college, Cady did what wealthy young women

her age did—she visited friends and family, and went to parties. She especially liked visiting her cousin Libby, whose father, Gerrit Smith, was an abolitionist. Abolitionists were working to end slavery.

In the Smith home, women and men spoke together freely. They discussed subjects like justice and the need to free enslaved people.

Cady’s relative, Gerrit Smith, was a wealthy man who helped runaway slaves by selling land to them for only one dollar.

4


Cady visited the Smiths frequently during the 1830s. There she learned to speak her mind and stand up for her ideas. One guest of the Smiths, an abolitionist named Henry Stanton, was very impressed with her.

When Stanton asked Elizabeth Cady to marry him, her parents objected. He was ten years older than her and did not earn much money. But Stanton had been invited to an anti-slavery convention in London, England. Cady did not want to be apart from him. Against her parent’s objections, she agreed to get married and go with Stanton to England.

Henry Stanton, at the World Anti-slavery Convention in 1840

5


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A Marriage of EqualsElizabeth Cady and Henry Stanton were married on

May 1, 1840. But Cady did not promise to “obey” her husband, as other wives did. She also did not replace her name with Stanton’s. She added it to her name, calling herself Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

She also shocked people by refusing to call her husband “Mr. Stanton” in public. Instead, she called him “Henry,” a practice that was very unusual at the time.

Elizabeth Cady saw herself as her husband’s equal. She wanted their marriage to be a partnership.

6


A New FriendIn London, Cady Stanton met other Americans

attending the anti-slavery convention. One was a woman named Lucretia Mott. Stanton and Mott became friends.

As the women talked, Stanton was amazed to hear that Mott shared her views about women’s rights and was not afraid to express her ideas. Years later, Stanton wrote that meeting Mott “opened to me a new world of thought.”

Lucretia Mott in 1842

7


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The Meeting and Home Again

At the anti-slavery convention, women had to sit apart from men. Women were not allowed to speak. Mott and Stanton were outraged. They agreed then that one day they would work together to fight for women’s rights.

When the Stantons returned home, they lived with the Cadys. Judge Cady taught Henry Stanton to be a lawyer. After a year, the couple moved to Boston, Massachusetts. Henry Stanton practiced law. And Elizabeth Cady Stanton became a mother.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, shown here with two of her sons

8


Seneca Falls, New YorkIn 1847, the Stanton family moved to Seneca Falls,

New York. A year later, Stanton received an invitation to a meeting with Lucretia Mott and other women. These women decided to hold a women’s rights convention in Seneca Falls in July 1848.

Before the convention, Stanton wrote a statement of women’s rights, which became known as the Declaration of Sentiments. In it, the women listed their complaints. These included being denied an equal education and having no right to seek divorce. Stanton made sure that the statement also included a demand for women’s suffrage, or the right to vote.

In the Declaration of Sentiments, Stanton wrote that “all men and women are created equal.”

9

ESS13_ANC05_LR_STANT_BL.indd 9 24/03/12 4:11 AM

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The Women’s Rights Convention

Both men and women attended the Women’s Rights Convention. Frederick Douglass was one of the participants. Douglass, born into slavery, was a famous abolitionist.

At the meeting, Stanton read from her Declaration of Sentiments. Other women were encouraged to speak, too. Later, the Declaration was sent around the room. Sixty-eight women and thirty-two men signed it to show that they supported the ideas in it.

The names of those who signed the Declaration of Sentiments

10


Reaction to the Seneca Convention

When news of the Seneca Convention spread, some newspaper articles made fun of it. As a result, many signers removed their names from the Declaration.

However, support for women’s property rights and suffrage grew. Many women and some men signed petitions for property rights and suffrage. In the spring of 1850, women’s rights conventions were held in other states. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was praised as a leader of the women’s rights movement.

A style of pants, called bloomers, was worn by some women who fought for equal rights. Bloomers were comfortable and gave women freedom to move around.

11


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Stanton and AnthonyIn 1851, Stanton met Susan B. Anthony. Anthony

was an abolitionist and a former schoolteacher. The two women liked each other right away. Three years later, they began working together to change some New York state laws that restricted women’s rights. Stanton had seven children by then. So she stayed home while Anthony traveled around, speaking. Stanton was good at writing. She wrote some of the speeches that Anthony delivered to the New York legislature.

In 1860, the two women convinced the legislature to pass new laws. These laws gave married women the right to have their own money. They also gave mothers the right to keep their children after a divorce.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton (seated) and Susan B. Anthony

12


The National Woman Suffrage Association was founded in 1869.

The National MovementThe end of the Civil War brought great changes to

the country. African Americans gained freedom from slavery. African American men now had suffrage and other rights of citizens. But these rights continued to be kept from women. Stanton and Anthony thought this was unfair. So, the two friends started the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) in 1869 to focus on getting the vote for women.

13


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In the 1870s, Stanton and the NWSA proposed an amendment, or change, to the United States Constitution. This amendment would give women the right to vote. The amendment was introduced in Congress in 1878 and each year after. But for 40 years, it did not get enough votes in Congress to move to the state governments. Approval from the states was necessary for the amendment to become law.

Stanton kept working hard to make life better for women everywhere. So she traveled around the country giving speeches. She also wrote many articles and later, several books, including one with Susan B. Anthony about their work together.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1902

14


Stanton Leads the Way Elizabeth Cady Stanton died in 1902. After her

death, one of her daughters found a letter she had written to President Theodore Roosevelt. She had never had a chance to mail it. In the letter, she urged the president to support women’s suffrage.

Another 18 years passed before her goal was met. In 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment was finally passed. It gave all women in the United States the right to vote in national elections. It was many more years before women enjoyed the same rights as men. But Elizabeth Cady Stanton had led the way.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton in 1902

After Stanton’s death, the women’s rights movement was carried on by others, such as these women demanding suffrage in 1917.

15


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Glossaryabolitionist a person who worked to abolish, or end,

slavery

amendment a change added to the United States Constitution

legislature the branch of government that makes laws

movement group of people working together to bring about some result

petition a formal written request, signed by a number of people

suffrage the right to vote in elections

16


Did you understand?Now think about what you read. Choose one of the topics you read about. Write facts or details about your topic in the outer ovals on the web. Draw more ovals if you need to.

Study the facts you wrote in the web. Use these facts to write a generalization in the middle oval of the web. Remember, your generalization should be based on the facts that you read in the book.

Compare your generalization with a partner’s.

After Reading

Do you understand?As you read the book, look for topics discussed in the book. Some topics are the women’s rights movement, the people who worked for women’s rights, or Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s life.

Look for facts about these topics.

During Reading

GeneralizeWhen you read nonfiction, you read many facts. It can be helpful to find an idea that links those facts. You can generalize, or make a statement that tells what different facts have in common.

In this book you will read that in the early 1800s, women were not allowed to vote, could not own property, and many jobs were closed to them. The generalization you could make based on these facts is In the 1800s, women had few rights.

Before you read this book, draw a web like the one shown or use one your teacher gives you. As you read, think of a generalization that you could make about people or events in the book based on facts and details you have read.

Before Reading


o o

ˆˇ˜˘ ˝ Cady Stantonbrookhaven5.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/9/9/12990395/...woman named Lucretia...

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