Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact...
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![Page 1: Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ______________________________.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649e7e5503460f94b81bd4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Ocean CirculationWinds and Currents
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Winds and Currents
• The __________________ and the ___________________ interact
• The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ___________________________________________________________
• Winds create daily, ________________ weather changes, while the oceans have a slower, more ________________________ effect on climate
![Page 3: Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ______________________________.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649e7e5503460f94b81bd4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
• Currents move much more slowly than winds and retain more heat than the atmosphere
• While winds affect ocean currents, oceans also influence the winds, helping to determine their _________________________________
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Current Patterns
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Global Wind Patterns
• Winds are caused by __________________ heating and cooling of the atmosphere.
![Page 6: Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ______________________________.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649e7e5503460f94b81bd4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ______________________________.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649e7e5503460f94b81bd4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
At this animated image you can see the seasonal variations of wind over the World Ocean averaged during several decades of observations
![Page 8: Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ______________________________.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649e7e5503460f94b81bd4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Warm, humid air rises at the equator and moves towards the poles, where it cools. The cold, dry air sinks (some moves towards the equator forming __________________, and some moves towards the poles forming ________________________) resulting in a circulation pattern of _________________________________.
![Page 9: Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ______________________________.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649e7e5503460f94b81bd4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• The prevailing winds blow _______________ in the Northern Hemisphere and _______________________________ in the Southern Hemisphere.
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• The equatorial region is known as the _____________________________: hot moist air rises and cools resulting in thunder clouds. The world’s rain forests are here.
![Page 11: Ocean Circulation Winds and Currents. The __________________ and the ___________________ interact The ocean and atmosphere transport heat from the ______________________________.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649e7e5503460f94b81bd4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• 30° N and S are known as the ____________________________, where cold, dry air sinks toward Earth’s surface. The world’s great desert regions are found here.
• 60° N and S is where the cold, dry air is flowing south, warming and rising, forming Easterly winds. The poles are actually cold deserts.
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Global Current Patterns
• Current:___________________________________________________________________________________________________
• There are two types:– Surface Currents– Deep Currents
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• Surface currents: – _________of currents and are mostly wind driven– __________________________ water movement– Follow pattern of prevailing winds– Usually in the top ____________ m of water
• Even though the currents are all connected, we give them different names based on where they are
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Surface Current Pattern
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• Deep currents: – density driven (depend exclusively on salinity and
temperature)– mainly ____________________ water movement– ___________of all currents– called thermohaline circulation
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Deep Currents
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Unique Currents
• Equatorial Countercurrent (Cromwell Current): – Lies between the North and South Equatorial
Currents – It is several hundred meters wide– It flows in the _______________________
direction from the currents next to it and we do not have a reason/explanation for this
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• Antarctic Current (West Wind Drift):– It’s the world’s largest current – It could fill the Great Lakes in ______ days
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• Gulf Stream: – Can reach depths of over __________ m– Can move at a rate of 2 m/s = ~160 km/day which
makes it the ________________ surface current – It is ~__________ km wide– Goes from Florida to NFLD
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