Occupational Health and Safety DRAFT GUIDELINES REPORTmof.gov.eg/MOFGallerySource/English/PDF/Annex...

Vehicle Scrapping and Recycling Site Preliminary Diagnostic Tool on OSH&E

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Occupational Health and Safety DRAFT GUIDELINES REPORT


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Table of Contents

1- Introduction: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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2- The existing occupational health and safety aspects: ---------------------------

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3- Occupational health and safety impacts during the construction of the intermediate facility or scrapping and recycling facility: ----------------------------- 22

4- Occupational health and safety impacts during the operation of the intermediate facility or scrapping and recycling facility and the transportation of vehicles between the two facilities: ----------------------------------------------------

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5- Occupational health and safety plan: -------------------------------------------------

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Appendix: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52


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1- Introduction The Government of Egypt has shown a strong commitment to improving the vehicle fleet fuel efficiency and air quality in Cairo, and has started a large program to replace old taxis. Moreover, in 2008, the Government of Egypt enacted traffic law no. 121 of 2008, which dictates that all vehicles of mass transport that are equal to or more than 20 years old will not be granted license to operate (Under Law 121 of June 2008, drivers of cabs older than 20 years will not have their license renewed if they do not replace their car by 2011). To prevent the conversion of these old taxis into private use, which is outside the jurisdiction of the law, the Ministry of Finance has formulated an incentive-based program to provide flexible terms to taxi vehicle owners to purchase new low emitting vehicles in exchange for trading in their old vehicles for scrapping and recycling. The overall objective of the program is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution associated with the aging taxi fleet in the Greater Cairo Region. The program is structured as a Public Private Partnership (PPP), with different parties contributing to its overall operation. The parties include: the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Interior, three participating commercial banks(Under the scheme three banks — Banque Misr, Al-Ahly and Bank of Alexandria — have agreed to provide loans for drivers to buy the new taxis, five car companies— Speranza, Peugeot, Hyundai, Chevrolet and Lada — have come on board, providing vehicles for the project at a reduced price and an insurance company. The project is optional for taxi drivers. For a driver to purchase a new white taxi, they must to be no younger than 21 years old and no older than 65. The driver takes their national ID card, birth certificate and utility bills to any branch of one of the three banks running the project. The bank then checks the documents and checks to see if the driver already has outstanding debts. The process takes three working days, after which the driver can go and select a new car. After the approval, the taxi driver hands in their old cab to a scrap yard at Km 10.5 on the Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road. In return, the bank pays the first LE 5,000 installment — in essence valuing all old cabs at LE 5,000 regardless of condition. The deal is only available for drivers of old cars; drivers purchasing a taxi for the first time must buy a black and white model.

1-1 Technique Prior to a field visit for the project site, a preliminary "Diagnostic Tool" was designed, revised and prepared, depending on the basic OHS requirements as promulgated by the current legislation. The "Diagnostic Tool" contains the following components: - Description of the project site; - The working force; - Possible hazards (mechanical, physical, chemical, biological, etc.); - Availability of OHS requirements as mentioned in the current legislation; - Presence of OHS functional unit/ authority at the project site; - …….. A field visit is carried out at Saturday 14th November 2009.


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1-2 Description of the plant The project area is situated at 10.5 Km from the beginning of the Cairo- Alexandria Desert Road. It is a part of a training place affiliated to the Ministry of Interior

A building (of 5 x 5 x 4 meter) present at the project site

A temporary pre-fabricated building used as offices at the project site

Several raws of old cars present at the project site

Several raws of new cars available at the project site The project site is about 10 feddans, a part of 50 feddans' area owned by the Ministry of Interior. The site is surrounded by wall 3 meters height and guarded by a number of soldiers. The project site is divided into 2 distinct areas:

• An area of about 2 feddans for various offices used for management, car companies, insurance company as well as a license area, in addition to six rooms used to store battery extracted from the old cars.


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• An area of about 8 feddans used as intermediate storage area for either old or new cars.

There is a space of about 15 feddans separating the project site from the area occupied by the soldiers' training area. The space is equipped with all facilities, e.g. houses, offices, restaurant, kitchen…etc. to serve the soldier trainees. The project site is a temporary one, till finishing a permanent site that is planned to be situated about 22 kilometers apart from the present location, i.e. at 32 Km from the beginning of the Cairo- Alexandria Desert Road.

The site is not yet connected to the public sewerage network

1-3 Workforce The total workforce currently present at the project is about 110, categorized as follows:

• Twelve employees from the Ministry of Finance, responsible for management, administration and finance

• Fifteen employees from the car companies,

• Fifteen employees from the traffic authority,

• Six employees representing the funding banks,

• Two employees for licensing, • Forty soldiers and ten employees from

the Ministry of Interior and • Ten Fire-fighters

The current working hours starts at 10 a.m. till 5 p.m., from Sunday to Thursday. . There are a first aid unit and cube that are present two kilometers from the project site.

Once the old taxi arrived to the plant, car battery is removed and stored in a store room. Then, the car is lifted by a special Crane to the area of the old cars ………………….


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2- The existing occupational health and safety aspects I. Responsible Persons Director : None OSH&E Officer : None Civil Protection Officer : None II. Possible Occupational Exposures Accidents (that may result injuries) : Possible Chemical hazards : Possible Physical hazards : Possible (heat stress) Mechanical and Ergonomic hazards : Possible Biological hazards : Possible (insects, snakes) Negative hazards as lack of First Aid appliances, cleaning appliances, personal protective devices, housekeeping, etc. : Possible Others as psychological, behavioural, stress, over-exertion, exhaustion, etc. : Possible III. Presence of Legal Requirements related to OSH&E 1. Presence of OSH&E requirements at various workplaces against Physical hazards, particularly:

• Heat stress and/ or cold Absent • Noise and vibrations Absent • Illumination Absent • Static and dynamic electricity Absent • Explosion hazards Absent

2. Presence of OSH&E requirements at various workplaces against Mechanical hazards that result from collision between worker's body and solid object/s. Absent 3. Presence of OSH&E requirements at various workplaces against Biological hazards that result from exposure risk of Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Parasites and other biological risks. Absent 4. Presence of OSH&E requirements at various workplaces against Chemical hazards that result from exposure risk of Solid, Liquid, or Gaseous Chemicals, emphasizing the following:

• Not exceeding the maximum permissible concentration for chemicals and carcinogenic substances that the employees could be exposed to;

• Not exceeding the identified threshold quantities of dangerous chemicals during storage; • Provision of the necessary precautions for protecting the Establishment and employees

during transport, storage, handling, and using the dangerous chemical substances, as well as disposal of their wastes;

• Keeping a "Register" as an inventory for the dangerous chemical substances being handled, comprising all relevant data specific to every substance as well as records to workplace monitoring and possible exposure of the employees to the hazards of chemicals;

• Place "Identification Cards/ labels" for recognizing all chemical substances handled at the workplace, describing the scientific and trade names, their chemical composition, their dangerous level/ degree, safety precautions, related emergency procedures. The Establishment shall obtain the data mentioned for these substances from the supplier upon procurement/ supply;


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• Training the employees on ways of handling/ dealing with the dangerous chemicals and carcinogens, with identification of their dangerous characteristics as well as safe ways and suitable protection against their dangers.

Absent 5. The Establishment and its branches provide means of protection from negative hazards that emanates or aggravates the hazard or danger due to its lack, the examples of which are:

• Methods used for Rescue, First Aid, Cleaning, Housekeeping, and workplace organization; Absent Rescue, First Aid methods

Absent Housekeeping, and workplace organization 6. The Establishment is taking the necessary precautions and specifications/ conditions for protection against fire dangers, as determined by the concerned authorities at the Ministry of Interior, and according to the nature of activity exercised by the Establishment, as well as the physical and chemical properties of the used (or produced) materials. Present but incomplete The following elements are to be taken into consideration:

• All fire fighting and extinguishing equipment and related tools being used conform with the Egyptian Standards' Specifications; Conforming

• Developing the fire fighting and protection equipment by using the latest methods, and providing alarm, early warning, cautioning, protective insulation, and automatic fire extinguishing equipment, whenever necessary, according to the nature and activity of the Establishment. Absent

7. The Establishment is carrying out an evaluation and analysis of Risks and of the expected man-made and natural disasters, and preparing an Emergency / Contingency Plan for protecting the Establishment and its employees in the event of an occurring disaster, providing the effectiveness of this plan shall be tested through practical drills to ascertain its efficiency and train the employees to face its requirements. Not happening

• The Establishment shall notify the concerned administrative authority with the emergency / contingency plan, as well as any modification introduced therein, and also in case of storing or using dangerous materials. Not happening

8. The Establishment is carrying out the following procedures:

• Pre-placement medical examination of every employee, before hiring, to ascertain his/ her safety and health fitness, pursuant to type and nature of the work to be assigned to him/ her; Carried out for the car companies and banks

9. The Establishment is undertaking the following:

• Training the employee on sound basics of his/ her occupation (job); Absent

• informing the employee, before exercising his/ her job, of the Risks of his / her occupation, instructing him/ her to use personal protective equipment (PPEs) suitable for the occupation therefore, along with providing the proper PPEs, and training him/ her on using them. Absent

10. The employees are using PPEs Absent 11. The Establishment is undertaking the following procedures:

• Carrying out the daily periodical inspection on the workplace/s, in each shift, especially the dangerous ones, in order to discover the occupational risks and work on protection there from; Not happening


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• The appointed Establishment Physician (if any) shall examine the sickness complaint of the employee and know its connection with the type of work; Not happening

• Coordinating with the Health Insurance Organization for carrying out the periodic medical examination for all the Establishment employees, to continuously maintain their health fitness and safety, discover the occupational diseases appearing in the early stages, and carry out the medical examination at the end of service. Not happening

12. The Establishment provides the First Aid means for its employees. Absent 15. All industrial Establishments employing fifteen employees and all non-industrial Establishments employing fifty employees or more shall provide the concerned Manpower Directorate with a semi-annual statistical statement on the diseases and injuries (their formats are illustrated in the Ministerial Decree no 126 for 2003), during the first half of the months of July and January at most. Absent

• Each of the Establishments subject to the provisions of this part shall notify the said Directorate of each grave/ fatal accidents occurring in the Establishment within twenty four hours from its occurrence. Uncertain

16. Establish a "Functional Instrument/ unit/ authority" and Committee for Occupational Safety and Health and Environment, as well as train their members. Absent

• A "Functional Instrument" for Occupational Safety and Health and Environment. Absent

• Carry out 16 functions and responsibilities Absent

• Establish one or more OSH&E Committee/s of definite composition and responsibilities, of special arrangement in periodic and emergency meetings, with records, that invite the concerned OSH&E Inspector to its (their) meetings at least twice a year. Absent

• With a specific system of training on OSH&E activities Absent

• Identify a number of specialists and technicians in field of OSH&E who should be in service at that field Absent

17. Prepare statistical statements and forms on the work injuries, fatal accidents, and occupational diseases as well as acute and chronic illnesses. Absent

• Notification on fatal accident or occupational diseases Absent

• Notification on technical data for results of accident investigation Absent

• Prepare semi-annual statistical statements on the work injuries, fatal accidents, and occupational diseases as well as acute and chronic illnesses. Absent

• Measuring safety levels at the establishment through analyzing, evaluating and classifying the data related to work injuries, fatal accidents, and occupational diseases as well as acute and chronic illnesses occurring at every work section/ department as well as establish indicators to guide improvement of services related to employees' health and safety protection, in addition to a number of specific objectives. Absent

18. Regulating Medical Care for Employees:

• Establish First aid for employees according to specifications given by the Minister of Health Decree no. 142 for 1967. Absent


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• Appoint a qualified nurse, or more, capable of handling the nursing functions including first aid duties in every working shift. Absent

• Charges a Physician to visit the employees at the place provided by the Establishment for that purpose, and give them the medicines necessary for treatment free of charge. Absent

• Coordinate with the Health Insurance Organization to provide health care services to the employees. Absent

• The possibility of providing the insured employees with health care services in case of injuries and diseases, according to an agreement with the Health Insurance Organization, as mentioned in the decree no. 393 for 1977. Absent

• Establish Guidelines to describe the current health care system at the Establishment. Absent

• Establish a "Medical File" for each employee, describing: results of pre-placement medical examination, periodic medical check-ups, other medical examinations, and the prescribed medicines. Absent

• Acknowledge the rights of the insured employees to have the benefits of health care, medication outside the cities and governorates that they are employed in, according the Health Insurance Organization's Board of Directors decision no. 113 for 1983. Absent

IV. Practices in Relation to OSH&E

1. Establishment Location and Surrounding Item Sub-item yes no Notes

Residential Industrial Commercial

Area Characteristics

Others (mention) √ desert

Crowded √ Paved streets √ Sewage overflowing √ Quite √ Clean √ Wastes √

Area condition

Others (mention) √

Industrial activities : mention

√

Schools and educational activities

√

Disturbing activities √ stores √ workshops √ Traffic density √ Vegetables and fruit market

√

Municipal solid waste dump

√

Slum area √ Waste/ fuel burning √

predominant activities

Others (mention) √

2. Registers and records


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Presence Item Present and complete

Present but incomplete

Absent Not applicable

General and Environmental registers - Drinking water √ - Emissions √ - Waste √ - Environmental register √ - Fire fighting √ - liquid waste √ - Periodic inspection (industrial safety) √ - Complaints and Suggestions √ Occupational Health and safety registers - Occupational accidents & injuries √ - Major accidents √ - Employee health profile √ - Other registers or records

* Register filing place available yes ( ) no (√ ) * Registration personnel yes ( ) no (√ ) * Reporting based on the available registers yes ( ) no (√ ) * Reporting is periodic daily ( ) weekly ( ) annually ( )

3. Licensing

Presence Item Present and complete

Present but incomplete

Absent Not applicable

1- Facility administration √ 2- Establishing and operating of

thermal equipment and boilers √

3- Working with ionizing radiation √ 4- Establishing and operating elevators √ 5- Handling hazardous substance and

waste √

6- Disposal of liquid waste into public sewer

√

7- Others 4. Establishment building

All buildings are one-floor pre-fabricated rooms placed directly on the ground Item yes no not

applicable Notes

Painted from outside √ Made of Bricks, concrete, others There are visible cracks, breaks, water stains

√ √

The building from inside - Electrical connections are intact √ - Fuel tanks are far from offices √ - Stores for raw materials are far from offices and labs

√

- Stores for chemicals are far from offices and labs

√

- Stores for wastes are separated from offices and labs

√


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- Waste treatment units are far from offices √ - Workshops and maintenance locations are far from ….

√

5. Stores

A. Storehouse Abscent

B. Storehouse for chemicals Not applicable C. Storehouse for Cleaning, Disinfection and sterilization chemicals Absent D. Storehouse for Equipment and tools Absent E. Storehouse for supplies and consumables Absent F. Storehouse for sheets & furnishing Not applicable G. Storehouse for Food and beverage Not applicable H. Other Storehouse …(for cars……. Etc.) Absent

6. Drinking Water

Item yes no not applicable

Notes

From the Public Network √ From hand-held pump √ From mobile station √

Bathrooms √ Toilets √

Continuous supply at

Washing facilities √ For drinking √ For hand washing √

Washing facilities available

For utilities washing √ Overhead water storage tank with suitable capacity

√ Currently used

The water storage tank is made of suitable material

√

Periodic cleaning of the water storage tank √ Harsh brush √ Cleaning requirements

available Cleaning material √ Samples taken to measure remaining Chlorine √ There is a tool to detect the remaining chlorine √ There is a water treatment unit √ Samples are periodically taken from the treatment unit

√

Internal storage of water in glass or plastic bottles √ In specific places √ Water heaters Central √

Hot water is currently available in kitchen and Cafeterias

√

7. Sanitary wastewater


Notes

Sanitary Wastewater Connected with the √


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Notes

public sewerage (network) There is a septic tank √ There is a non-septic tank

√

System

Regular drainage √ Toilets are in good shape √ Water sinks are in good shape √ There are special regulations concerning sanitary wastewater

√

There is an intact maintenance system √


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8. Waste Management Item yes no not

applicable Notes

Municipal solid waste is collected from all sites every 24 hours

√

√ Hazardous solid waste is collected separately from Municipal solid waste

√

√ Municipal solid waste put in special garbage container

√

√ √ There is a special place to store (contain) hazardous waste

√

√ A valid contract with an external contractor for hazardous waste disposal

√

Hazardous waste is transported by the establishment vehicle

√

Hazardous waste is transported by the contractor's vehicle

√

√ There is a schedule for collection of waste according to type

√

There are written instructions for handling waste √ There are training programs for employees on proper waste handling

√

Waste handlers are using protective equipment (gloves and masks) during work

√

√ √ √ √ √

9. Hazardous Substances Item yes no not

applicable Notes

Hazardous substances list include:

√

There is a storehouse for chemicals in the building

√

Storage of combustible or flammable substances is far from any thermal sources

√

Reactive substances are stored separately √ Special instructions for hazardous substances handling and storage

√

Empty hazardous substances containers are handled as hazardous waste

√

Training and awareness programs on management of hazardous substances are available

√

A contingency plan on hazardous substances' emerging situations is available

√


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Notes

There are openings at ceilings of the hazardous substances' storehouse

√

There are openings at walls of the hazardous substances' storehouse

√

There are exhaust ventilation fans at the hazardous substances' storehouse

√

There is a Gas exhaust ventilator √ The chemical storehouse is suitably illuminated √

Leak or release √ Smoke √ Heat √

Detection equipment are present in the chemical storehouse, for: Other/s √

Helmets and head protectors

√

Gloves √ Forehand shields √ Safety footwear √ Safety goggles √ Masks and respirators √

Personal Protective Equipment available for handling chemicals

Aprons and body protectors

√

There are fire extinguishers (How many?) √ One big car First aid sets √ Warning signs √ Written instructions displayed and publicized √ Well organized storehouse √ There is a storehouse responsible person √ An Emergency preparedness and response plan is displayed and publicized

√

10. Occupational Health Services (in general terms)

Item yes no not

applicable Notes

Full medical / health files for every employee √ Pre-placement medical examination is done for every employee

√ Through their company and the ministries involved in this project

Periodic medical examination is done for every employee

√

Food handlers √ Exposed to ionizing radiation

√ Special medical examination is done for some employees

Other/s √ There is a system available to vaccinate the employees

√

First aid measures and emergency requirements available for the employees

√

Training on occupational hazards is available for the employees

√


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11. Occupational Health for employees Absent


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12. Firefighting and Emergency Control Tools Item yes no not

applicable Notes

Electricity from the public network

√

Electrical generator √ Natural gas √

Energy sources

Liquid fuel √ Telephone (direct lines)

√

Facsimile √

Communication means

other √ Mobiles Alarming system available for smoke and fire √ Electrical outlets are in place with no uncovered cables or wires

√

Fire Extinguishers are functioning √ Fire Extinguishers are enough √ Fire Extinguishers put in easy to reach locations

√

Fire Extinguishers are periodically maintained √ Trained personnel on Firefighting are available

√

Emergency Exits available √ Emergency exits are open to outdoors There is an emergency plan √ Training on firefighting is available √ Written instructions on fire fighting is available √ 13. Risks on the External Environment Item yes no not

applicable Notes

From stacks √ From waste burning √

Air Emissions

Other sources √ Leak of chemicals, fuel, or oils √ Bad storage of chemicals √ Floor washing disposal √ Wastewater disposal √ Laboratory waste liquid disposal √ Laundry waste liquid disposal √ Cooling water disposal √ Kitchen wastewater disposal √ Periodic measurement of stack effluents √ Results of effluents' measurements are within the safe limits

√

Auditing team Name Affiliation Date of Auditing Bahira Mohamed Said Lotfy EcoConServ Consultant 14th November, 2009


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Auditing Conclusion The audit revealed many positive aspects that should be strengthened and continued, as well as several negative aspects that should be altered and resolved. The following is a brief description of these aspects. Positive aspects

- The management commitment and interest in having a structure concerned with occupational Safety and health and environment (OSH&E),

- Presence of a firefighting unit and full- time team of firefighters. The Establishment is

taking the necessary precautions and specifications/ conditions for protection against fire dangers, as determined by the concerned authorities at the Ministry of Interior, and according to the nature of activity exercised by the Establishment. This is well evidenced by the following:

o All fire fighting and extinguishing equipment and related tools being used conform with the Egyptian Standards' Specifications;

- Some employees are participating in the government Health Insurance System, - The Establishment is located in a relatively quiet place, that is characterized with relative

cleanliness (far from waste dumps), with the least inconvenience and low traffic density, - The Establishment building is made of pre-fabricated parts, painted from external as well

as in the internal walls, with no cracks, breaks or water stains, whatsoever. The building electrical connections are in good shape with no protruded or uncovered cables. The Establishment building is generally clean

- There is no storehouse for chemicals, tools, equipment, utilities, etc. There is only a small

storehouse for batteries. - The establishment building has only one source for potable water, which is the public

water network. Water is available toilets, and washing facilities. There is a used overhead water tank floor. There are water heaters in bathrooms and kitchens,

- Municipal solid waste is currently disposed in containers not mounted with black bags, and waste is collected once a day, through a contractor.

- There is no hazardous waste being handled in the Establishment building, - The Establishment building does not participate in the pollution load, indoor or outdoor

and appears, with the current activities, that there is no additional risk of air pollution, water contamination, or hazardous waste, to the environment.

Negative Aspects

- Absence of a "Functional Instrument/ unit/ authority" or Committee for Occupational Safety and Health and Environment,

o No specialists or technicians carrying out the OSH&E functions or activities, o No special procedures for periodic or emergency meetings on OSH&E activities, o No specific system of training on OSH&E activities, o No OSH&E records, statistical statements or forms on the work injuries, fatal

accidents, and occupational diseases as well as acute and chronic illnesses, o No special procedure to notify the concerned authorities if fatal or severe

accident happens,


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o No special arrangement adopted for notification on technical data for results of accident investigation,

o Lack of measuring safety levels at the establishment through analyzing, evaluating and classifying the data related to work injuries, fatal accidents, and occupational diseases as well as acute and chronic illnesses occurring at every work section/ department as well as establish indicators to guide improvement of services related to employees' health and safety protection, in addition to a number of specific objectives,

- There is risks of employees' (especially the inspectors') exposure to various occupational

hazards, mostly during their inspection missions in the inspected facilities. The risky hazards include accidents, heat stress, various chemicals, mechanical hazards including ergonomic conditions, biological hazards due to exposure to biological materials, as well as a variety of negative hazards due to absence of first aid and rescue procedures, lack of personal protective equipment,

- The Establishment does not carry out an evaluation and analysis of Risks and of the

expected industrial and natural disasters, or prepare an Emergency / Contingency Plan for protecting the Establishment and its employees in the event of an occurring disaster, not providing the effectiveness of this plan through practical drills to ascertain its efficiency and train the employees to face its requirements,

o The Establishment does not notify the concerned administrative authority with the emergency / contingency plan, as well as any modification introduced therein, and also in case of storing or using dangerous materials,

- The Establishment does not orient its employees with the possible dangers or risks of

their occupations before commencing their job assignments, o Training the employees on sound basics of their occupations (jobs) is not carried

out, o The Establishment does not instruct the employees to use personal protective

equipment (PPEs) suitable for the occupation, or providing them with proper PPEs, or training them on using the PPEs.

o The employees do not undertake to maintain the PPEs with care or obey the instructions given to protect their health against work accidents.

o There is no consent that the employee shall not commit any act intended to prevent implementing the instructions, or abuse, change, or cause any damage or harm in the means placed for the safety and protection of the fellow employees, without prejudice to what is imposed by any other law in this respect,

- The Establishment does not carry out daily periodical inspection on the workplace/s,

especially the dangerous ones, in order to discover the occupational risks and work on protection there from,

- There is no coordination with the Health Insurance Organization for carrying out the

periodical medical examination for all the Establishment employees, to continuously maintain their health fitness and safety, discover the occupational diseases appearing in the early stages, and carry out the medical examination at the end of service,

- Lack of medical / health care services provided to the establishment employees,

o Lack of First aid measures for employees according to specifications given by the Minister of Health Decree no. 142 for 1967,

o Lack of a qualified nurse, or more, capable of handling the nursing functions including first aid duties,

o There is no appointed Physician who shall examine the sickness complaint of the employee and know its connection with the type of work,

o Lack of a Physician charged to visit the employees at the place provided by the Establishment for that purpose,


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o The Establishment does not give their employees the medicines necessary for treatment free of charge,

o No coordination with the Health Insurance Organization to provide health care services to the employees,

o There no provision with health care services in case of injuries and diseases, according to an agreement with the Health Insurance Organization, as mentioned in the decree no. 393 for 1977,

o No Guidelines to describe the current health care system at the Establishment, o No "Medical File" for each employee, describing: results of pre-placement

medical examination, periodic medical check-ups, other medical examinations, and the prescribed medicines,

- The Establishment does not provide the necessary social and cultural services to its

employees, in contribution with the Trade Union committee (if any) or with representatives for the employees to be elected by the concerned general Trade Union,

- The Establishment does not provide the concerned Manpower Directorate with a semi-

annual statistical statement on the diseases and injuries (their formats are illustrated in the Ministerial Decree no 126 for 2003), during the first half of the months of July and January at most,

- The Establishment does not notify the said Directorate of each grave/ fatal accident

occurring in the Establishment within twenty four hours from its occurrence, - There is no places confined to smoking, no smoke detection tools, - There is a risk of non-ionizing radiation from the sun and the display units, e.g.

computers, - There is nothing to denote monitoring or maintenance of the indoor air quality, or a

mechanism for purifying the indoor air, - There is no written instructions or procedures for cleaning or disinfection, and hence such

instructions or procedures are not publicized among the employees, - The waste handlers are not using protective clothes or equipment. There is nothing to

denote provision of training on proper waste handling, - Personal protective equipment are not currently available - Lack of First aid measures as well as those related to emergency preparedness and

response, - No written or publicized instructions concerning safe storage,

o Lack of signs denoting hazards and risks, - The contingency plan is not publicized, - There is no proper segregation of the hazardous/ dangerous materials possibly present

or generated from the scrapped old cars. Examples of the hazardous/ dangerous items are illustrated in the following table.


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Table1: showing Vehicle components, potential contaminants, and proper disposal.


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3- Occupational health and safety impacts during the construction of the intermediate facility or scrapping and recycling facility General duties of employers 1. Employers should provide adequate means and organisation and should establish a suitable program on the safety and health of workers consistent with national laws and regulations and should comply with the prescribed safety and health measures at the workplace. 2. Employers should so provide and maintain workplaces, plant, equipment, tools and machinery and so organise construction work that as far as is reasonably practicable there is no risk of accident or injury to health of workers. In particular, construction work should be so planned, prepared and undertaken that:

(a) dangers liable to arise at the workplace are prevented as soon as possible; (b) excessively or unnecessarily strenuous work positions and movements are avoided; (c) organisation of work takes into account the safety and health of workers; (d) materials and products are used which are suitable from a safety and health point of view; (e) working methods are employed which protect workers against the harmful effects of chemical, physical and biological agents.

3. Employers should establish committees with representatives of workers and management or make other suitable arrangement consistent with national laws and regulations for the participation of workers in ensuring safe working conditions. 4. Employers should take all appropriate precautions to protect persons present at, or in the vicinity of, a construction site from all risks which may arise from such site. 5. Employers should arrange for regular safety inspections by competent persons at suitable intervals of all buildings, plant, equipment, tools, machinery, workplaces and systems of work under the control of the employer at construction sites in accordance with national laws, regulations, standards or codes of practice. As appropriate, the competent person should examine and test by type or individually to ascertain the safety of construction machinery and equipment. 6. When acquiring plant, equipment or machinery, employers should ensure that it takes account of ergonomic principles in its design and conforms to relevant national laws, regulations, standards or codes of practice and, if there are none, that it is so designed or protected that it can be operated safely and without risk to health. 7. Employers should provide such supervision as will ensure that workers perform their work with due regard to their safety and health. 8. Employers should assign workers only to employment for which they are suited by their age, physique, state of health and skill. 9. Employers should satisfy themselves that all workers are suitably instructed in the hazards connected with their work and environment and trained in the precautions necessary to avoid accidents and injury to health. 10. Employers should take all practicable steps to ensure that workers are made aware of the relevant national laws, regulations, standards, codes of practice, instructions and advice relating to prevention of accidents and injuries to health. 11. Buildings, plant, equipment, tools, machinery or workplaces in which a dangerous defect has been found should not be used until the defect has been remedied. 12. Where there is an imminent danger to the safety of workers, the employer should take immediate steps to stop the operation and evacuate workers as appropriate. 13. On dispersed sites and where small groups of workers operate in isolation, employers should establish a checking system by which it can be ascertained that all the members of a shift, including operators of mobile equipment, have returned to the camp or base at the close of work. 14. Employers should provide appropriate first aid, training and welfare facilities to workers and, whenever collective measures are not feasible or are insufficient, provide and maintain personal protective equipment and clothing. Employers should also ensure access for workers to occupational health services.


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Self-employed persons should comply with the prescribed safety and health measures at the workplace according to national laws or regulations. Co-operation and co-ordination 1. Whenever two or more employers undertake activities at one construction site, they should co-operate with one another as well as with the client or client's representative and with other persons participating in the construction work being undertaken in the application of the prescribed safety and health measures. 2. Whenever two or more employers undertake activities simultaneously or successively at one construction site, the principal contractor, or other person or body with actual control over or primary responsibility for overall construction site activities, should be responsible for planning and co-ordinating safety and health measures and, in so far as is compatible with national laws and regulations, for ensuring compliance with such measures. 3. In so far as is compatible with national laws and regulations, where the principal contractor, or other person or body with actual control over or primary responsibility for overall construction site activities, is not present at the site, they should nominate a competent person or body at the site with the authority and means necessary to ensure on their behalf co-ordination and compliance with safety and health measures. 4. Employers should remain responsible for the application of the safety and health measures in respect of the workers placed under their authority. 5. Employers and self-employed persons undertaking activities simultaneously at a construction site should co-operate fully in the application of safety and health measures. 6. Employers and designers should liaise effectively on factors affecting safety and health. General rights and duties of workers 1. Workers should have the right and the duty at any workplace to participate in ensuring safe working conditions to the extent of their control over the equipment and methods of work and to express views on working procedures adopted as they may affect safety and health. 2. Workers should have the right to obtain proper information from the employer regarding safety and health risks and safety and health measures related to the work processes. This information should be presented in forms and languages which the workers easily understand. 3. Workers should have the right to remove themselves from danger when they have good reason to believe that there is an imminent and serious danger to their safety or health. They should have the duty so to inform their supervisor immediately. 4. In accordance with national legislation, workers should:

(a) co-operate as closely as possible with their employer in the application of the prescribed safety and health measures; (b) take reasonable care for their own safety and health and that of other persons who may be affected by their acts or omissions at work; (c) use and take care of personal protective equipment, protective clothing and facilities placed at their disposal and not misuse anything provided for their own protection or the protection of others; (d) report forthwith to their immediate supervisor, and to the workers' safety representative where one exists, any situation which they believe could present a risk and which they cannot properly deal with themselves; (e) comply with the prescribed safety and health measures; (f) participate in regular safety and health meetings.

5. Except in an emergency, workers, unless duly authorised, should not interfere with, remove, alter or displace any safety device or other appliance furnished for their protection or the protection of others, or interfere with any method or process adopted with a view to avoiding accidents and injury to health. 6. Workers should not operate or interfere with plant and equipment that the have not been duly authorised to operate, maintain or use. 7. Workers should not sleep or rest in dangerous places such as scaffolds, garages, or in the vicinity of fires, dangerous or toxic substances, machines or vehicles and heavy equipment. .


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Safety of workplaces 1. General provisions 1. All appropriate precautions should be taken:

(a) to ensure that all workplaces are safe and without risk of injury to the safety and health of workers; (b) to protect persons present at or in the vicinity of a construction site from all risks which may arise from such site.

2. All openings and other areas likely to pose danger to workers should be clearly indicated. 2. Means of access and egress Adequate and safe means of access to and egress from all workplaces should be provided, indicated where appropriate and maintained in a safe condition. 3. Housekeeping 1. A suitable housekeeping program should be established and continuously implemented on each construction site which should include provisions for:

(a) the proper storage of materials and equipment; (b) the removal of scrap, waste and debris at appropriate intervals.

2. Loose materials which are not required for use should not be placed or allowed to accumulate on the site so as to obstruct means of access to and egress from workplaces and passageways. 3. Workplaces and passageways that are slippery owing to ice, snow, oil or other causes should be cleaned up or strewn with sand, sawdust, ash or the like. 4. Precautions against the fall of materials and persons, and collapse of structures 1. Adequate precautions should be taken such as the provision of fencing, look-out men or barriers to protect any person who might be injured by the fall of materials, or tools or equipment being raised or lowered. 2. Where necessary to prevent danger, guys, stays or supports should be used or other effective precautions should be taken to prevent the collapse of structures or parts of structures that are being erected, maintained, repaired, dismantled or demolished. 3. All openings through which workers are liable to fall should be kept effectively covered or fenced and indicated in the most appropriate manner. 4. As far as practicable, guard-rails and toe-boards in accordance with national laws and regulations should be provided to protect workers from falling from elevated work places. Wherever the guard-rails and toe-boards cannot be provided:

(a) adequate safety nets or safety sheets should be erected and maintained; or (b) adequate safety harnesses should be provided and used.

5. Prevention of unauthorised entry 1. Construction sites in built-up areas and alongside vehicular and pedestrian traffic routes should be fenced to prevent the entry of unauthorised persons. 2. Visitors should not be allowed access to construction sites unless accompanied by or authorised by a competent person and provided with the appropriate protective equipment. 6. Fire prevention and fire fighting 1. All appropriate measures should be taken by the employer to:

(a) avoid the risk of fire; (b) control quickly and efficiently any outbreak of fire; (c) bring about a quick and safe evacuation of persons.

2. Sufficient and suitable storage should be provided for flammable liquids, solids and gases. 3. Secure storage areas should be provided for flammable liquids, solids and gases such as liquefied petroleum gas cylinders, paints and other such materials in order to deter trespassers. 4. Smoking should be prohibited and "No Smoking" notices be prominently displayed in all places containing readily combustible or flammable materials.


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5. In confined spaces and other places in which flammable gases, vapours or dusts can cause danger:

(a) only suitably protected electrical installations and equipment, including portable lamps, should be used; (b) there should be no naked flames or similar means of ignition; (c) there should be notices prohibiting smoking; (d) oily rags, waste and clothes or other substances liable to spontaneous ignition should be removed without delay to a safe place; (e) adequate ventilation should be provided.

6. Combustible materials such as packing materials, sawdust, greasy/oil waste and scrap wood or plastics should not be allowed to accumulate in workplaces but should be kept in closed metal containers in a safe place. 7. Regular inspections should be made of places where there are fire risks. These include the vicinity of heating appliances, electrical installations and conductors, stores of flammable and combustible materials, hot welding and cutting operations. 8. Welding, flame cutting and other hot work should only be done on the orders of a competent supervisor after appropriate precautions, as required, are taken to reduce the risk of fire. 9. Places where workers are employed should, if necessary to prevent the danger of fire, be provided as far as practicable with:

(a) suitable and sufficient fire-extinguishing equipment, which should be easily visible and accessible; (b) an adequate water supply at ample pressure.

10. Fire-extinguishing equipment should be properly maintained and inspected at suitable intervals by a competent person. Access to fire-extinguishing equipment such as hydrants, portable extinguishers and connections for hoses should be kept clear at all times. 11. All supervisors and a sufficient number of workers should be trained in the use of fire-extinguishing equipment, so that adequate trained personnel are readily available during all working periods. 12. Where necessary to guard against danger, workers should be suitably trained in the action to be taken in the event of fire, including the use of means of escape. 13. Where appropriate, suitable visual signs should be provided to indicate clearly the direction of escape in case of fire. 14. Means of escape should be kept clear at all times. Escape routes should be frequently inspected particularly in high structures and where access is restricted, as in tunnel workings. 15. Sufficient and suitable means to give warning in case of fire should be provided where this is necessary to prevent danger. Such warning should be clearly audible in all parts of the site where persons are liable to work. There should be an effective evacuation plan so that all persons are evacuated speedily without panic and accounted for and all plant and processes shut down. 16. Notices should be posted at conspicuous places indicating:

(a) the nearest fire alarm; (b) the telephone number and address of the nearest emergency services.

7. Lighting 1. Where natural lighting is not adequate to ensure safe working conditions, adequate and suitable lighting, including portable lighting where appropriate, should be provided at every workplace and any other place on the construction site where a worker may have to pass. 2. Artificial lighting should, as far as practicable, not produce glare or disturbing shadows. 3. Where necessary to prevent danger, lamps should be protected by suitable guards against accidental breakage. 4. The cables of portable electrical lighting equipment should be of adequate size and characteristics for the power requirements and of adequate mechanical strength to withstand severe conditions in construction operations. Scaffolds and ladders


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1. Where work cannot safely be done on or from the ground or from part of a building or other permanent structure, a safe and suitable scaffold should be provided and maintained or other equally safe and suitable provision should be made. 2. Scaffolds should be provided with safe means of access, such as stairs, ladders or ramps. Ladders should be secured against inadvertent movement. 3. All scaffolds and ladders should be constructed, erected and used in accordance with national laws and regulations. 4. Every scaffold should be properly designed, constructed, erected and maintained so as to prevent collapse or accidental displacement when properly used. 5. Every scaffold and part thereof should be:

(a) designed so as to prevent hazards for workers during erection and dismantling; (b) designed so that guard rails and other protective devices, platforms, putlogs, rakers, transoms, ladders, stairs or ramps can be easily put together; (c) of suitable and sound material and of adequate size and strength for the purpose for which it is to be used and maintained in a proper condition.

6. The competent authority should establish and enforce laws, regulations or standards covering detailed technical provisions for the design, construction, erection, use, maintenance, dismantling and inspection of the different kinds of scaffolds and ladders used in construction work. Lifting appliances and gear 1. Employers should have a well-planned safety programme to ensure that all the lifting appliances and lifting gear are selected, installed, examined, tested, maintained, operated and dismantled:

(a) with a view to preventing the occurrence of any accident; (b) in accordance with the requirements laid down in the national laws, regulations and standards.

2. Every lifting appliance including its constituent elements, attachments, anchorages and supports should be of good design and construction, sound material and adequate strength for the purpose for which it is used. 3. Every lifting appliance and every item of lifting gear should be accompanied at the time of purchase with instructions for use and with a test certificate from a competent person or a guarantee of conformity with national laws and regulations concerning:

(a) the maximum safe working load; (b) safe working loads at different radii if the lifting appliance has a variable radius; (c) the conditions of use under which the maximum or variable safe working loads can be lifted or lowered.

4. Every lifting appliance and every item of lifting gear having a single safe working load should be clearly marked at a conspicuous place with the maximum safe working load in accordance with national laws and regulations. 5. Every lifting appliance having a variable safe working load should be fitted with a load indicator or other effective means to indicate clearly to the driver each maximum safe working load and the conditions under which it is applicable. 6. All lifting appliances should be adequately and securely supported; the weight-bearing characteristics of the ground on which the lifting appliance is to operate should be surveyed in advance of use. Transport, earth-moving and materials-handling equipment 1. All vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should:

(a) be of good design and construction taking into account as far as possible ergonomic principles particularly with reference to the seat; (b) be maintained in good working order; (c) be properly used with due regard to safety and health; (d) be operated by workers who have received appropriate training in accordance with national laws and regulations.

2. The drivers and operators of vehicles and earthmoving or materials handling equipment should be medically fit, trained and tested and of a prescribed minimum age as required by national laws and regulations.


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3. On all construction sites on which vehicles, earthmoving or materials handling equipment are used:

(a) safe and suitable access ways should be provided for them; (b) traffic should be so organised and controlled as to secure their safe operation.

4. Adequate signalling or other control arrangements or devices should be provided to guard against danger from the movement of vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment. Special safety precautions should be taken for vehicles and equipment when manoeuvering backwards. 5. The assistance of a trained and authorised signaller should be available when the view of the driver or operator is restricted. The signalling code should be understood by all involved. 6. When earth-moving or materials-handling equipment is required to operate in dangerous proximity to live electrical conductors, adequate precautions should be taken, such as isolating the electrical supply or erecting overhead barriers of a safe height. 7. Preventive measures should be taken to avoid the fall of vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment into excavations or into water. 8. Vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should not travel on bridges, viaducts, embankments, etc., unless it has been established that it is safe to do so. 9. Where appropriate, earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should be fitted with structures designed to protect the operator from being crushed, should the machine overturn, and from falling material. 10. All vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should be provided with a plate or the like indicating:

(a) the gross laden weight; (b) the maximum axle weight or, in the case of caterpillar equipment, ground pressure; (c) the tare weight.

11. All vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should be equipped with: (a) an electrically operated acoustic signalling device; (b) search lights for forward and backward movement; (c) power and hand brakes; (d) tail lights; (e) silencers; (f) a reversing alarm.

12. Operators of vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should be adequately protected against the weather or accidents due to impact, crushing or contact with a moving load by a cab:

(a) which is designed and constructed in accordance with ergonomic principles and provides full protection from adverse weather conditions; (b) which is fully enclosed where dusty conditions are likely to be encountered; (c) which provides the driver with a clear and unrestricted view of the area of operation; (d) which is equipped with a direction indicator and a rear-view mirror on both sides.

13. The cab of vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should be kept at least 1 m from a face being excavated. 14. When cranes and shovels are being moved, out of service, the boom should be in the direction of travel and the scoop or bucket should be raised and without load, except when travelling downhill. 15. On earth-moving and materials-handling equipment, motors, brakes, steering gear, chassis, blades, blade-holders, tracks, wire ropes, sheaves, hydraulic mechanisms, transmissions, bolts and other parts on which safety depends should be inspected daily. 16. Vehicles and earth-moving or materials-handling equipment should not be left on a slope with the engine running. 17. Deck plates and steps of vehicles and equipment should be kept free from oil, grease, mud or other slippery substances. 18. Dredge-type excavators should not be used on earth walls more than 1 m higher than the reach of the excavator if they are installed at the bottom of the wall. 19. Bucket excavators should not be used at the top or bottom of earth walls with a slope exceeding 60.


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Machinery, equipment and hand tools 1. Machinery and equipment, including hand tools, both manual and power-driven, should:

(a) be of good design and construction, taking into account, as far as possible, health and safety and ergonomic principles; (b) be maintained in good working order; (c) be used only for work for which they have been designed unless a use outside the initial design purpose has been assessed by a competent person who has concluded that such use is safe; (d) be operated only by workers who have been authorised and given appropriate training; (e) be provided with protective guards, shields, or other devices as required by national laws or regulations.

2. Adequate instructions for safe use should be provided where appropriate by the manufacturer or the employer, in a form understood by the user. 3. As far as practicable, safe operating procedures should be established and used for all plant, machinery and equipment. 4. Operators of plant, machinery and equipment should not be distracted while work is in progress. 5. Plant, machinery and equipment should be switched off when not in use and isolated before any major adjustment, cleaning or maintenance is done. 6. Where trailing cables or hose pipes are used they should be kept as short as practicable and not allowed to create a safety hazard. 7. All dangerous moving parts of machinery and equipment should be enclosed or adequately guarded in accordance with national laws and regulations. 8. Every power-driven machine and equipment should be provided with adequate means, immediately accessible and readily identifiable to the operator, of stopping it quickly and preventing it from being started again inadvertently. 9. The machines or equipment should be so designed or fitted with a device that the maximum safe speed, which should be indicated on it, is not exceeded. If the speed of the machine is variable, it should only be possible to start it at the lowest speed appropriate. 10. Operators of plant, machinery, equipment and tools should be provided with personal protective equipment including, where necessary, suitable hearing protection Work at heights including roof work 1. Where necessary to guard against danger, or where the height of a structure or its slope exceeds that prescribed by national laws or regulations, preventive measures should be taken against the fall of workers and tools or other objects or materials. 2. Elevated workplaces, including roofs more than 2 m or as prescribed, above the floor or ground should be protected on all open sides by guard-rails and toeboards complying with the relevant national laws and regulations. Wherever guard-rails and toe-boards cannot be provided, adequate safety harnesses should be provided and used. 3. Elevated workplaces including roofs should be provided with safe means of access and egress such as stairs, ramps or ladders complying with the relevant national laws and regulations. 4. If guard-rails are not practicable, persons employed at elevated workplaces including roofs from which they are liable to fall more than 2 m or as prescribed should be protected by means of adequate safety nets or safety sheets or platforms, or be secured by safety harnesses with lifelines securely attached. Excavations, shafts, earthworks, underground works and tunnels 1. Adequate precautions should be taken in any excavation, shaft, earthworks, underground works or tunnel:

(a) by suitable shoring or otherwise, to guard against danger to workers from a fall or dislodgement of earth, rock or other material; (b) to guard against dangers arising from the fall of persons, materials or objects or the inrush of water into the excavation, shaft, earthworks, underground works or tunnel; (c) to secure adequate ventilation at every workplace so as to maintain an atmosphere fit for respiration and to limit any fumes, gases, vapours, dust or other impurities to levels


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which are not dangerous or injurious to health and are within limits laid down by national laws or regulations; (d) to enable the workers to reach safety in the event of fire, or an inrush of water or material; (e) to avoid risk to workers arising from possible underground dangers such as the circulation of fluids or the presence of pockets of gas, by undertaking appropriate investigations to locate them.

2. Shoring or other support for any part of an excavation, shaft, earthworks, underground works or tunnel should not be erected, altered or dismantled except under the supervision of a competent person. 3. Every part of an excavation, shaft, earthworks, underground works and tunnel where persons are employed should be inspected by a competent person at times and in cases prescribed by national laws or regulations, and the results recorded. 4. Work should not commence therein until the inspection by the competent person as prescribed by national laws or regulations has been carried out and the part of the excavation, shaft, earthworks, underground works or tunnel has been found safe for work. Structural frames, formwork and concrete work 1. The erection or dismantling of buildings, structures, civil engineering works, formwork, false-work and shoring should be carried out by trained workers only under the supervision of a competent person. 2. Adequate precautions should be taken to guard against danger to workers arising from any temporary state of weakness or instability of a structure. 3. Formwork, false-work and shoring should be so designed, constructed and maintained that it will safely support all loads that may be imposed on it. 4. Formwork should be so designed and erected that working platforms, means of access, bracing and means of handling and stabilising are easily fixed to the formwork structure. Pile-driving 1. All pile-driving equipment should be of good design and construction taking into account as far as possible ergonomic principles, and be properly maintained. 2. Pile-driving should be carried out only under the supervision of a competent person. 3. Prior to piling, all underground services in the area should be located and rendered safe. 4. Pile-drivers should be firmly supported on heavy timber sills, concrete beds or other secure foundation. 5. If necessary to prevent danger, pile-drivers should be adequately guyed. 6. Precautions should be taken if it is necessary to erect pile-drivers in dangerous proximity to electrical conductors to ensure they are first made dead. 7. If two pile-drivers are erected at one place they should be separated by a distance at least equal to the longest leg. 8. When leads have to be inclined:

(a) they should be adequately counterbalanced; (b) the tilting device should be secured against slipping.

9. The hoses of steam and air hammers should be securely lashed to the hammer so as to prevent them from whipping if a connection breaks. 10. Adequate precautions should be taken to prevent a pile-driver from overturning. 11. Adequate precautions should be taken, by providing stirrups or by other effective means, to prevent the rope from coming out of the top pulley or wheel. 12. Adequate precautions should be taken to prevent the hammer from missing the pile. 13. If necessary to prevent danger, long piles and heavy sheet piling should be secured against falling. Electricity 1. All electrical equipment and installations should be constructed, installed and maintained by a competent person, and so used as to guard against danger.


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2. Before construction is commenced and during the progress thereof, adequate steps should be taken to ascertain the presence of and to guard against danger to workers from any live electrical cable or apparatus which is under, over or on the site. 3. The laying and maintenance of electrical cables and apparatus on construction sites should be governed by national laws and regulations. 4. All parts of electrical installations should be of adequate size and characteristics for the power requirements and work they may be called upon to do and in particular they should:

(a) be of adequate mechanical strength to withstand working conditions in construction operations; (b) not be liable to damage by water, dust or electrical, thermal or chemical action to which they may be subjected in construction operations.

5. All parts of electrical installations should be so constructed, installed and maintained as to prevent danger of electric shock, fire and external explosion. 6. The electrical distribution at each site should be via an isolator which cuts off current from all conductors, is readily accessible and can be locked in the "off" position but not locked in the "on" position. 7. The power supply to all electrical equipment should be provided with means of cutting off current from all conductors in an emergency. 8. All electrical appliances and outlets should be clearly marked to indicate their purpose and voltage. 9. When the layout of an installation cannot be clearly recognised, the circuits and appliances should be identified by labels or other effective means. 10. Circuits and appliances carrying different voltages in the same installation should be clearly distinguished by conspicuous means such as coloured markings. 11. Adequate precautions should be taken to prevent installations from receiving current at a higher voltage from other installations. 12. Where necessary to prevent danger, installations should be protected against lightning. 13. Lines for signalling and telecommunication systems should not be laid on the same supports as medium- and high-voltage lines. 14. Only flameproof equipment and conductors should be installed in explosive atmospheres or in storeplaces for explosives or flammable liquids. 15. A notice or notices should be kept exhibited at suitable places:

(a) prohibiting unauthorised persons from entering electrical equipment rooms or from handling or interfering with electrical apparatus; (b) containing directions as to procedures in case of fire, rescue of persons in contact with live conductors and the restoration of persons suffering from electric shock; (c) specifying the person to be notified in case of electrical accident or dangerous occurrence, and indicating how to communicate with him.

16. Suitable warnings should be displayed at all places where contact with or proximity to electrical equipment can cause danger. 17. Persons having to operate electrical equipment should be fully instructed as to any possible dangers of the equipment concerned. Health hazards, first aid and occupational health services 1. General requirements 1. For works which by their very nature expose workers to hazards arising from the use or presence of chemical, physical or biological agents and climatic conditions, appropriate preventive measures should be taken to avoid any danger to the safety and health of workers. 2. The preventive measures should place emphasis on the need to eliminate or reduce the hazard at the source and in particular should require:

(a) the replacement of hazardous substances, equipment or processes with substances, equipment or processes less harmful or hazardous to workers' safety and health; (b) the reduction of noise and vibration caused by equipment, machinery, installations and tools; (c) control of the release of harmful agents or chemicals into the working environment; (d) training in manual lifting;


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(e) proper working postures when workers are required to work in fixed working positions or when they are carrying out repetitive work; (f) appropriate protection against climatic conditions likely to jeopardise health; (g) where the foregoing measures are inappropriate:

i) instituting work practices which will eliminate or minimise danger to safety and health; ii) supplying and requiring the use of personal protective equipment and clothing.

3. The employer should make arrangements for the identification and assessment by competent persons of health hazards presented by the use of different operations, plant, machinery, equipment, substances and radiations at the construction site and take appropriate preventive or control measures against the identified health risks in conformity with the national laws and regulations. 2. Occupational health services 1. The employer should provide for the setting up of or access to an occupational health service consistent with the objectives and principles of the Occupational Health Services National Laws 2. All workers should be subject to health surveillance. 3. Monitoring and control of the working environment and planning of safety and health precautions should be performed as prescribed by national laws and regulations. 4. A multiplicity of health hazards are present in construction work and every effort should be made to promote awareness of this fact and of the need to safeguard health. 5. Whenever new products, equipment and working methods are introduced, special attention should be paid to informing and training workers with respect to the implications for safety and health. 3. First aid 1. The employer should be responsible for ensuring that first aid, including the provision of trained personnel, is available. Arrangements should be made for ensuring the removal for medical attention of workers who have suffered an accident or sudden illness. 2. The manner in which first-aid facilities and personnel are to be provided should be prescribed by national laws or regulations, and drawn up after consulting the competent health authority and the most representative organisations of employers and workers concerned. 3. Where the work involves risk of drowning, asphyxiation or electric shock, first-aid personnel should be proficient in the use of resuscitation and other life-saving techniques and in rescue procedures. 4. Suitable rescue and resuscitation equipment, as required, including stretchers should be kept readily available at the construction site. 5. First-aid kits or boxes, as appropriate, should be provided at the workplaces, including isolated locations such as maintenance gangs, and on motor vehicles, locomotives, etc., and be protected against contamination by dust, moisture, etc. 6. First-aid kits and boxes should not contain anything besides material for first aid in emergencies. 7. First-aid kits and boxes should contain simple and clear instructions to be followed, be kept under the charge of a responsible person qualified to render first aid and be regularly inspected and kept properly stocked. 8. If a minimum number of workers as prescribed is employed in any shift, at least one suitably equipped first-aid room or station under the charge of qualified first-aid personnel or a nurse should be provided at a readily accessible place for treatment of minor injuries and as a rest place for seriously sick or injured workers. 4. Hazardous substances 1. An information system should be set up by the competent authority, using the results of international scientific research, to provide information for clients, architects, contractors, employers' and workers' representatives on the health risks associated with the hazardous substances used during the construction phase. 2. National laws and regulations should require that the manufacturers, importers and suppliers of hazardous products used during the construction phase should provide information with the


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products, in the appropriate language, on associated health risks and on the precautions to be taken. 3. In the use of materials that contain hazardous substances and in the removal and disposal of waste, the health of workers and of the public and the preservation of the environment should be safeguarded as prescribed by national laws and regulations. 4. Hazardous substances should be clearly labeled giving their relevant characteristics and instructions on their use. They should be handled under conditions prescribed by national laws and regulations or by the competent authority. 5. Containers of hazardous substances should carry or be accompanied by instructions for the safe handling of the contents and procedures to be followed in case of a spillage. 6. The competent authority, in consultation with the most representative organisations of employers and workers, should determine which hazardous substances should be prohibited from use in the construction industry. 7. Preference should be given to the application of hazardous substances by means other than spraying, such as by brush or roller, when feasible. 8. Where the use of toxic solvents, certain thinners, certain paints or volatile chemical substances cannot be avoided, special precautions should be taken such as providing general and local exhaust ventilation, and, if this is not practicable or is inadequate, respiratory protective equipment should be used. Such measures should be applied more rigorously in situations when such chemicals are heated or used in confined spaces. Paints and adhesives which present health hazards should be replaced with water-dispersed products. 9. Skin contact with hazardous chemicals should be avoided, particularly when dealing with chemicals which can penetrate through intact skin (e.g. certain wood preservatives) or can cause dermatitis (e.g. wet cement). Personal hygiene and the type of clothing worn should be such as to enable the rapid removal of any chemical from skin contact. Where allergic effects caused by certain materials could be reduced by introducing other additives, necessary steps should be taken to make use of these additives (e.g. adding iron sulphate to cement and cement products containing hexavalent chromium). 10. When it is necessary to deal with proven carcinogenic substances, particularly in work involving bituminous or tar asphalt, asbestos fibers, pitch, some heavy oils, and some aromatic solvents, strict measures should be taken to avoid inhalation and skin contact. Particular care should be taken with substances where there is reliable evidence of suspected carcinogenic effects. 5. Dangerous atmospheres 1. Where workers are required to enter any area in which a toxic or harmful substance may be present, or in which there may be an oxygen deficiency or a flammable atmosphere, adequate measures should be taken to guard against danger. 2. The measures regarding dangerous atmospheres to be taken should be prescribed by the competent authority and should include prior written authority or permission from a competent person, or any other system by which entry into any area in which a dangerous atmosphere may be present can be effected only after completing specified procedures. 3. No naked light or flame or hot work such as welding, cutting and soldering should be permitted inside a confined space or area unless it has been made completely free of the flammable atmosphere, tested and found safe by a competent person. Only non-sparking tools and flameproof hand lamps protected with guard and safety torches should be used inside such confined space or area for initial inspection, cleaning or other work required to be done for making the area safe. 4. No person should enter a confined space or area with a dangerous atmosphere or deficiency of oxygen unless:

(a) the atmosphere has been found to be safe after suitable testing by a competent person (which should be repeated at suitable intervals); (b) adequate ventilation is provided.

5. If the conditions in the preceding paragraph cannot conveniently be fulfilled, persons may enter such spaces for prescribed periods using air lines or self contained breathing apparatus and safety harnesses with lifelines. 6. While a worker is in a confined space:


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(a) adequate facilities and equipment including breathing apparatus, resuscitation apparatus and oxygen should be readily available for rescue purposes; (b) a fully trained attendant or attendants should be stationed at or near the opening; (c) suitable means of communication should be maintained between the worker and the attendant or attendants.

6. Heat stress, cold and wet conditions 1. Whenever heat stress, cold or wet conditions are such that they can lead to impairment of health or extreme discomfort, preventive measures should be taken, such as:

(a) proper design of the workload and workstation, with special regard to workers in cabins, and command or driving operations; (b) training, to enable detection of early signs of disorders; (c) supply of protective equipment; (d) routine medical surveillance.

2. When working in hot conditions, preventive measures to avoid heat stress should include rest in cool areas and an adequate supply of drinking water. 7. Noise and vibration 1. Employers should provide protection for workers from the harmful effects of noise and vibration from machines and work processes, by measures including:

(a) replacing hazardous machines and processes by less hazardous ones; (b) reducing the exposure of workers; (c) providing personal hearing protection.

2. Employers should consider the following developments and improvements in machines and processes:

(a) pneumatic drills and jackhammers to be replaced by hydraulic and electro-pneumatic hammers; (b) remote operation for vibrators, jackhammers and drills; (c) acoustic enclosure and improved design for compressed air discharges, and the cutters, blades and exhausts of internal combustion engines as well as the engines themselves; (d) better means of supporting or holding manually operated tools in order to reduce the effects of vibration or better vibration damping on vehicle controls and seats.

3. Employers should give priority to the reduction of the duration of workers' exposure to noise and vibration when operating:

(a) jackhammers, drills and compressors; (b) high impact noise tools such as cartridge-operated guns; (c) manually operated vibratory tools, especially those operated upwards or in a cold environment.

4. Employers should provide personal protective equipment where the harmful effects of noise and vibration will be experienced by workers; this should include:

(a) hearing protection in accordance with national laws and regulations, which can be worn with a safety helmet; (b) in the case of vibration, suitable protective gloves.

8. Biological agents 1. In areas where biological agents pose a hazard, preventive measures should be taken which take account of the mode of transmission; in particular:

– the provision of sanitation and information for workers; – action against vectors, such as rats and insects; – chemical prophylaxis and immunisation; – the availability of antidotes and suitable preventive and curative medicine, mainly in rural areas; – the supply of protective clothing and other appropriate precautions.

9. Additional provisions


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1. The manual lifting of weights which presents a safety and health risk to workers should be avoided by reducing the weight, by the use of mechanical devices or by other means. 2. Waste should not be destroyed or otherwise disposed of on a construction site in a manner which is liable to be injurious to health. Personal protective equipment and protective clothing 1. General provisions 1. Where adequate protection against the risk of accident or injury to health, including exposure to adverse conditions, cannot be ensured by other means, suitable personal protective equipment and protective clothing, having regard to the type of work and risks, should be provided and maintained by the employer, without cost to the workers, as may be prescribed by national laws or regulations. 2. Personal protective equipment and protective clothing should comply with standards set by the competent authority, taking into account as far as possible ergonomic principles. 3. Employers should provide the workers with the appropriate means to enable them to use the individual protective equipment and should require and ensure its proper use. 4. A competent person having a full understanding of the nature of the hazard and the type, range and performance of the protection required should:

(a) select suitable items of personal protective equipment and protective clothing; (b) arrange that they are properly stored, maintained, cleaned and, if necessary for health reasons, disinfected or sterilised at suitable intervals.

5. Workers should be required to make proper use of and to take good care of the personal protective equipment and protective clothing provided for their use. 6. Workers should be instructed in the use of personal protective equipment and protective clothing. 7. Workers working alone on construction sites in confined spaces, enclosed premises or in remote or inaccessible places should be provided with an appropriate alarm and the means of rapidly summoning assistance in an emergency. 2. Types 1. Where necessary, workers should be provided with and wear the following personal protective equipment and protective clothing:

(a) safety helmets or hard hats to protect the head from injury due to falling or flying objects, or due to striking against objects or structures; (b) clear or coloured goggles, a screen, a face shield or other suitable device when likely to be exposed to eye or face injury from airborne dust or flying particles, dangerous substances, harmful heat, light or other radiation, and in particular during welding, flame cutting, rock drilling, concrete mixing or other hazardous work; (c) protective gloves or gauntlets, appropriate barrier creams and suitable protective clothing to protect hands or the whole body as required when exposed to heat radiation or while handling hot, hazardous or other substances which might cause injury to the skin; (d) footwear of an appropriate type when employed at places where there is the likelihood of exposure to adverse conditions or of injury from falling or crushing objects, hot or hazardous substances, sharp-edged tools or nails and slippery or ice covered surfaces; (e) respiratory protective equipment, suitable for the particular environment, when workers cannot be protected against airborne dust, fumes, vapours or gases by ventilation or other means; (f) a suitable air line or self-contained breathing apparatus when employed in places likely to have an oxygen deficiency; (g) respirators, overalls, head coverings, gloves, tight-fitting boiler suits, impermeable footwear and aprons appropriate to the risks of radioactive contamination in areas where unsealed radioactive sources are prepared or used; (h) waterproof clothing and head coverings when working in adverse weather conditions;


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(i) safety harnesses with independently secured lifelines where protection against falls cannot be provided by other appropriate means; (j) life vests and life preservers where there is a danger of falling into water; (k) distinguishing clothing or reflective devices or otherwise conspicuously visible material when there is regular exposure to danger from moving vehicles or within reasonable access of every construction site an adequate supply of wholesome drinking water should be provided.

Welfare 1. General provisions 1. At or within reasonable access of every construction site an adequate supply of wholesome drinking water should be provided. 2. At or within reasonable access of every construction site, the following facilities should, depending on the number of workers and the duration of the work, be provided, kept clean and maintained:

(a) sanitary and washing facilities or showers; (b) facilities for changing and for the storage and drying of clothing; (c) accommodation for taking meals and for taking shelter during interruption of work due to adverse weather conditions.

3. Men and women workers should be provided with separate sanitary and washing facilities. 2. Drinking water 1. All drinking water should be from a source approved by the competent authority. 2. Where such water is not available, the competent authority should ensure that the necessary steps are taken to make any water to be used for drinking fit for human consumption. 3. Drinking water for common use should only be stored in closed containers from which the water should be dispensed through taps or cocks. 4. If drinking water has to be transported to the worksite, the transport arrangements should be approved by the competent authority. 5. The transport tanks, storage tanks and dispensing container should be designed, used, cleaned and disinfected at suitable intervals in a manner approved by the competent authority. 6. Water that is unfit to drink should be conspicuously indicated by notices prohibiting workers from drinking it. 7. A supply of drinking water should never be connected to a supply of water that is unfit to drink. 3. Sanitary facilities 1. The scale of provision of toilet or sanitary facilities, and the construction and installation of water flush toilets, privies, chemical closets, plumbing or other toilet fixtures should comply with the requirements of the competent authority. 2. No toilet other than a water flush toilet should be installed in any building containing sleeping, eating or other living accommodation and should be adequately ventilated and not open directly into occupied rooms. 3. Adequate washing facilities should be provided as near as practicable to toilet facilities. 4. Washing facilities 1. The number and standard of construction and maintenance of washing facilities should comply with the requirements of the competent authority. 2. Washing facilities should not be used for any other purpose. 3. Where workers are exposed to skin contamination by poisonous, infectious or irritating substances, or oil, grease or dust, there should be a sufficient number of appropriate washing facilities or shower-baths supplied with hot and cold water. 5. Cloakrooms 1. Cloakrooms should be provided for workers at easily accessible places and not be used for any other purpose.


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2. Cloakrooms should be provided with suitable facilities for drying wet clothes and for hanging clothing including, where necessary to avoid contamination, suitable lockers separating working from street clothes. 3. Suitable arrangements should be made for disinfecting cloakrooms andlockers in conformity with the requirements of the competent authority. 6. Facilities for food and drink 6.1. In appropriate cases, depending on the number of workers, the duration of the work and its location, adequate facilities for obtaining or preparing food and drink at or near a construction site should be provided, if not otherwise available. 7. Shelters 1. Shelters should, as far as practicable, provide facilities for washing, taking meals and for drying and storing clothing, unless such facilities are available in the vicinity. 8. Living accommodation 1. Suitable living accommodation should be made available for the workers at construction sites which are remote from their homes, where adequate transportation between the site and their homes or other suitable living accommodation is not available. Men and women workers should be provided with separate sanitary, washing and sleeping facilities. Information and training 1. Workers should be adequately and suitably:

(a) informed of potential safety and health hazards to which they may be exposed at their workplace; (b) instructed and trained in the measures available for the prevention and control, and protection against, those hazards.

2. No person should be employed in any work at a construction site unless that person has received the necessary information, instruction and training so as to be able to do the work competently and safely. The competent authority should, in collaboration with employers, promote training programmes to enable all the workers to read and understand the information and instructions related to safety and health matters. 3. The information, instruction and training should be given in a language understood by the worker and written, oral, visual and participative approaches should be used to ensure that the worker has assimilated the material. 4. National laws or regulations should prescribe:

(a) the nature and length of training or retraining required for various categories of workers employed in construction projects; (b) that the employer has the duty to set up appropriate training schemes or arrange to

train or retrain various categories of workers. 5. Every worker should receive instruction and training regarding the general safety and health measures common to the construction site, which should include:

(a) general rights and duties of workers at the construction site; (b) means of access and egress both during normal working and in an emergency; (c) measures for good housekeeping; (d) location and proper use of welfare amenities and first-aid facilities (e) proper use and care of the items of personal protective equipment and protective clothing provided to the worker; (f) general measures for personal hygiene and health protection; (g) fire precautions to be taken; (h) action to be taken in case of an emergency; (i) requirements of relevant safety and health rules and regulations.

6. Copies of the relevant safety and health rules, regulations and procedures should be available to workers upon the commencement of and upon any change of employment. 7. Specialised instruction and training should be given to:


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(a) drivers and operators of lifting appliances, transport vehicles, earth-moving and materials-handling equipment and plant, and machinery or equipment of a specialised or dangerous nature; (b) workers engaged in the erection or dismantling of scaffolds; (c) workers engaged in excavations deep enough to cause danger, or shafts, earthworks, underground works or tunnels; (d) workers handling explosives or engaged in blasting operations; (e) workers engaged in pile-driving; (f) workers working in compressed air, cofferdams and caissons; (g) workers engaged in the erection of prefabricated parts or steel structural frames and tall chimneys, and in concrete work, formwork and such other work; (h) workers handling hazardous substances; (i) workers working as signallers; (j) other specialised categories of workers.

8. Wherever required by national laws and regulations, only drivers, operators or attendants holding a certificate of proficiency or licence should be employed to operate particular vehicles, lifting appliances, boilers or other equipment

4- Occupational health and safety impacts during the operation of the intermediate facility or scrapping and recycling facility and the transportation of vehicles between the two facilities Requirements for health and safety in the workplace are identified in terms of general aims and objectives. Choosing a Centralized Storage Area •. Ideally the area would be lined or have concrete pad to prevent fluid releases to soil and groundwater. •A storage area should be surrounded by fencing and locked when not in use. •Precautions should be taken to reduce vandalism and trespassing. •Consider the ease of transporting and storing vehicles in this area, as well as the machinery that may need to enter this area (i.e., vehicle carriers, , forklifts, etc.). •Provide for proper storage of fluids that have been removed from vehicles. In areas where fluid removal and storage will take place, maintain a spill kit with the following: •Absorbent material •Oil dry (an oil absorbent) •Shovel and broom •Disposal bags, extra barrels/drums, or other containers •Safety glasses •Disposable gloves and rubber gloves •Rolls of heavy plastic Prior to crushing, to process the vehicles Location of stored vehicles Each salvage or scrap motor vehicle stored or deposited within a motor vehicle junkyard shall be so located as to be within one hundred feet of an accessible roadway or driveway with a minimum width of twelve feet, such driveway or roadway being connected to a public road or highway. Proximity to other vehicles


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With the exception of a motor vehicle placed or stored on top of another, no scrap or salvage motor vehicle shall be located closer than one foot to an adjacent vehicle, provided when scrap or salvage motor vehicles are deposited or stored in a continuous line not to exceed four passenger motor vehicles in length, it shall be necessary only to maintain the one-foot separation between the sides of such vehicles. Location of vehicles purchased for scrap Each motor vehicle purchased or obtained for scrap shall be deposited or stored in the portion of the yard reserved for the processing of vehicles. Stacking of processed vehicles The stacking of processed motor vehicles in a motor vehicle junkyard is prohibited except in the area reserved for such processing. Stacking of other motor vehicles Stacking of motor vehicles, other than processed motor vehicles, at a height greater than two vehicles is prohibited. Stacking of processed vehicles in processing area The stacking of processed motor vehicles in the area reserved for such processing is permitted, provided the perimeter of the base of each such stack or pile shall be set back from the boundaries of the licensed junkyard property at a distance equal to the highest point of such stack or pile. General requirements Prior to storage, to process the vehicles: •Remove fluids and place them in secondary containers. Fluid removal should be conducted over areas that are lined and covered with sand, or on a concrete pad. If possible, remove fluids within a covered area. If any spilling or leakage is encountered, be prepared for immediate cleanup and containment. Ensure that appropriate fluid removal and handling equipment are used, including drip pans and funnels. After removing fluids, store the fluids in separate and appropriate containers (never mix fluids) in a designated area that is covered and provides for secondary containment. Antifreeze, oil, and other lubricants may be recycled. Remove the tires from the rims in order to recycle the rims with the vehicles. •Remove components that may be recycled (i.e., , batteries). •Remove mercury switches, which are handled as hazardous waste and disposed of as hazardous waste under the tribe or metal recycler’s hazardous waste generator identification number, as appropriate. •Remove and dispose of gasoline tanks. • Fuel should be removed from all tanks. •Fuel tanks must be removed from the vehicles prior to storage. •Allow fuel tanks to completely dry and fully ventilate. •Store fuel tanks on a curbed intact concrete surface that is well ventilated and protected from rainfall. Occupational safety and health requirements are described in terms of employer and employee responsibilities, rights, and obligations. This may include but is not limited to – safety inspection, employee health surveillance, noise survey, employee stress, employee fatigue, preventative maintenance program, first aid provisions, lighting, ergonomics, hazard management, standard operating procedures, monitoring, hygiene.


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Create a health and safety plan for all activities – vehicle collection and storage, fluid removal, crushing, etc. Prior to initiating activities, hold a safety kick-off meeting to discuss the safety hazards that the crew may encounter and provide training to staff to ensure proper handling of equipment, spills, and safe vehicle transport. For vehicle collection and storage, include: • Animals, reptiles, or insects • Dust •Sharp edges For fluid removal, include: • Spills •Slippery areas For crushing, include: Heavy and sharp objects Employers should ensure that forklifts are operated at safe speeds, in the forward direction when visibility permits. Employers should ensure that only trained employees operate all vehicles. Operators of industrial and construction vehicles should be specifically trained in their safe operation. Since the regular operator may not always be available, other employees should be thoroughly trained in advance as back-ups. Operators should be trained not only to operate the vehicle, but also to identify mechanical problems affecting the safe operation of the vehicle. Employers should design, develop and implement a comprehensive safety program that includes, but is not limited to analysis and control of vehicle related hazards through use of a daily checklist. In order to provide a workplace free from recognized hazards, employers should develop a safety program that involves all employees in the recognition and reporting of all hazardous conditions. Beyond reporting these conditions, employers must institute systems for correcting hazards as they are identified. Preventive maintenance should be considered as integral to a comprehensive safety program. Employers should ensure that all vehicles in use be checked at the beginning of each shift to assure that components that affect safe operation are in proper operating condition. A vehicle defect checklist should be developed by a qualified person. Operators should be trained to understand the checklist and use it before each shift. This checklist should include all components which affect the safe operation of the vehicle, including, but not limited to, brakes, mirrors, seat belts, steps and rails, hydraulics, back-up alarms, horns, tires and connecting hoses for propane-driven equipment. Equipment manufacturers can provide guidance in this area. In this case, if the operator had checked the vehicle before using, this incident may not have occurred. Codes of practice and standards relevant to the scrap metal recycling industry are identified and their safety and health requirements must be outlined. It includes but is not limited to – forklift, noise. Requirements for the provision, maintenance, and use of protective clothing as well as requirements for accident investigations 1- Hazards relating to moving vehicles and heavy equipment are identified and their controls are described in accordance with company procedures. Range includes but is not limited to equipment for – lifting, cutting equipment, crushing; evidence is required of at least three hazards. 2- Hazards relating to hazardous substances at a scrap metal yard are identified and their controls are described in accordance with company procedures. Range substances may include but are not limited to – battery acid, refrigerant, oil, gas, asbestos; evidence is required of at least two.


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3- Hazards relating to the sorting and storage of scrap metals are identified and their controls are described in accordance with company procedures. Range includes but is not limited to – manual handling, conveyors, stockpiles, falling objects; evidence is required of at least three. 4- Hazards relating to electricity are identified and their controls are described in accordance with company procedures. 5- The reporting of perceived health and safety hazards is described in accordance with company procedures. 6- Scheduled maintenance and good housekeeping practices are described in accordance with company procedures. 7- Emergency procedures are described in accordance with company safety plans. 8- Safety systems, such as lockouts and permits, are described in accordance with company procedures. 9- Personal protective clothing and equipment for use in scrap metal operations are identified and their use and maintenance are outlined in accordance with operating manuals and company procedures. Range includes – overalls, safety footwear, hand protection, waterproof gear, eye protectors; may include but is not limited to – head protection, hearing protection. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Incoming Cars

• Inspect incoming vehicles for leaksengines, radiators, transmissions, differentials, fuel tanks and damaged areas • Place drip pans under leaks to collect all fluids. • Remove fuel, refrigerants and battery as soon as possible. • Drain all fluids from vehicles over a concrete drip pad before crushing or storing on bare ground. This includes fluids in: engines, radiators, transmissions, heater cores, brake lines, differentials, all lines and hoses, fuel tanks, air conditioning units and window washing fluid tanks. • Remove and capture refrigerant • Remove used engines through the hood. Do not tip vehicles on their sides. This allows fluids to run out and spill on the ground. • Remove all fuel from vehicles soon after they arrive at the facility. Remove fuel from the fuel tank. Evacuate and plug fuel lines. Remove and drain excess fuel from fuel filters. • Store all recovered fuels in closed, structurally sound, non-breakable containers. • Remove or transfer fuel from container to container over an impervious surface only (for

example, on a concrete slab) and under a roof. Make sure the impervious surface is free of cracks and holes.

• Remove fuel in a well-ventilated area, using the proper equipment. Fuel transfer devices, are recommended. • Use funnels and drip pans to lessen spills when you pour, siphon, or drain fuel. • Be careful not to handle fuel around ignition sources, including stoves, welding equipment, cigarettes, electrical devices, and areas that produce static electricity.

Determine whether the recovered fuel is “usable fuel” or “waste fuel.” (Waste fuel is fuel that is contaminated with other wastes, mixed with water or too old to use).

• Recycle usable fuel in company and employee vehicles. • Dispose of recovered waste fuel as a hazardous waste.


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• Label all usable fuel containers either: “Recovered Gasoline” or “Recovered Diesel Fuel.” • Label all waste fuel containers: “Hazardous Waste—Waste Fuel.” Also, attach the required hazardous waste label. • Do not mix recovered fuel with used oil, degreasing solvents, or any other waste stream. • Store fuel containers on an impervious surface, free of holes and cracks. If stored outside, also provide secondary containment (equal to 110 percent of the storage volume) and put under a roof to keep the area dry. • Store recovered fuels away from ignition sources, such as stoves and welding equipment. • Prohibit smoking in or near fuel handling and storage areas. • Store fuel containers at least 50 feet from catch basins, storm drains, and surface waters, and at least 75 feet from private wells, and outside the protective radius of public wells (typically 150 - 400 feet.) • Inspect fuel storage containers monthly and keep a written inspection log on-site. • Keep spill control equipment nearby. Clean up spills immediately. • Immediately report large or uncontrolled spills.

BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES for Battery × Remove batteries from vehicles soon after they arrive at the facility. × Test batteries to determine whether they can be recharged and reused, or must be sent to a scrap processor for recycling. × If the battery is to be scrapped, leave the lead cable ends attached. If it will be recharged and reused, remove the lead cable ends and place cable ends in a container for recycling. × Store batteries in either a closed, leak-proof, acid-proof container or over a coated concrete, asphalt, or other non-reactive impervious surface. × Store batteries indoors if possible. If stored outdoors, cover the area to keep rainwater from collecting or running off. × Stack batteries no more than five high. Place heavy cardboard or wood between each layer of batteries to provide stability and to prevent terminal posts from puncturing the battery above. × Store batteries in an upright position to prevent leaks from vent holes. Make sure the cell plugs are in place and locate batteries so that side post terminals do not touch each other. × Do not overfill storage containers. Batteries on the bottom may be crushed and the storage containers may become difficult to move. × Spread neutralizers, such as lime or baking soda, in the bottom of battery storage bins to help neutralize any spilled battery acid. × Place cracked or leaking batteries in a closed, leak proof, acid proof storage container, with a neutralizer in the bottom. Five-gallon buckets work well. × Wear gloves and goggles when handling batteries. If you get battery acid on yourself, wash or flush the area with water immediately and seek medical attention. Put baking soda on clothes where battery acid has splashed. × Never stand near an uncapped battery while a motor vehicle is running and keep all sources of fire, including cigarettes and other smoking materials, away from batteries. Batteries produce explosive gases that are easily ignited. × Inspect batteries and storage areas at least weekly for leaks and cracks. × Manage all spilled materials and absorbents as a hazardous waste. × Do not drain batteries onto the ground or into a storm drain or surface water. Do not flush battery acid down the toilet or work sink.


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× Keep batteries in one area of the facility. Storing and charging batteries in one place decreases the chance of spills and leaks throughout the yard and helps you control inventory. × Do not accumulate batteries for a long period of time. Dispose of them regularly.

5- Occupational health and safety plan Scope and Applicability The purpose of the PLAN is to identify, evaluate and control health and safety hazards, and provide for emergency response for operations at the site during construction and running activities Responsibility and Authority of Key Personnel The responsibility and authority of key personnel relative to the implementation of this PLAN are described below. Project Manager Verify that the project is performed in a manner consistent with the PLAN, Work Plan and technical specifications. Temporarily suspend field activities if the health and safety of personnel are endangered, pending further consideration by the Director of Safety. Project Superintendent Insure that all personnel are made aware of the PLAN. Coordinate work activities in compliance with the PLAN. Temporarily suspend field activities if the health and safety of personnel are endangered, pending further consideration by the Director of Safety. Director of Health and Safety (Health & Safety Coordinator) Responsible for the overall development and implementation of the PLAN Responsible for the initial training of on-site workers with respect to the contents of the PLAN. Verify compliance with the PLAN by all Site personnel. Perform site inspections and audits on a routine basis to verify compliance with the PLAN. Coordinate with the Health and Safety Officer on health and safety matters. Temporarily suspend field activities if the health and safety of personnel are endangered, pending further consideration by the Health and Safety Officer. Report all infractions of the PLAN to the Project Manager. Availability to assist the Safety Officer in follow-up training and if changes in site condition occurs. Site Health and Safety Officer Direct health and safety activities on-site in accordance with the PLAN. Educate site personnel by:

1) Daily toolbox safety meetings 2) Posting daily safety tips 3) Coordination of weekly safety meetings 4) Safety training of site personnel 5) Leading by example

Report safety related incidents or accidents to the Project Manager. Implement, enforcement, and monitoring of the PLAN.


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Pre-construction indoctrination and periodic training of all on-site personnel with regard to this safety plan and other safety requirements to be observed during construction, including;

1. Potential hazards; 2. Personal hygiene principles; 3. PPE; 4. Emergency procedures dealing with fire and medical situations; 5. Conduct daily update meetings in regard to health and safety.

Maintain health and safety equipment on-site, as specified in the PLAN. Perform health and safety activities on-site, as specified in the PLAN, and report results to the Project Manager. Maintain documentation of health and safety measures taken at the Site including:

1) Communication of the PLAN; 2) Levels of protection and required upgrades; 3) Environmental monitoring results; 4) Incident reporting; and 5) Upgrade or downgrade levels of protection in response to field conditions outlined in the PLAN.

Monitor the ambient air Temporarily suspend field activities if health and safety of personnel are endangered, pending further consideration by the Director of Health and Safety and the Project Manager. Report all infractions of the PLAN to the Project Manager. Interface with the Project Manager as may be required in matters of health and safety. Monitor compliance with the approved PLAN. Assist the Project Manager in maintaining health and safety equipment for the Project. Verify personnel working on the Site have completed medical surveillance and health and safety training. Direct personnel to change work practices if they are deemed to be hazardous to health and safety of personnel. Remove personnel from the project if their action or condition endangers their health and safety or the health and safety of co workers. Direct health and safety related comments to management personnel for resolution and or correction. Monitor site conditions for implementation of the Health and Safety Plan by all Subcontractors and visitors. Enforcement of Egptian Policies and Procedures. Responsible for informing project personnel of the Labor Law article 212 (Right -to- Know Principle). Responsible for the maintenance of separation of Exclusion Zone (Dirty) from the Support Zone (Clean) areas. Health and Safety Technicians The Health and Safety Technician (HST) will be under direct supervision of the Safety Officer (SO) during on-site work. The HST must be familiar with the operations of monitoring equipment used. An HST will be assigned to each work crew or task in potentially hazardous areas. Medical Consultant The Project will retain a Medical Consultant (MC) who is physician, certified in occupational medicine. The physician shall have experience in the occupational health area and shall be familiar with potential site hazards of action projects. The MC will also be available to provide annual physical and to provide additional medical evaluations of personnel when necessary. Air Monitoring A. Work Area Air Monitoring


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Work Area air monitoring will include the following elements: 1. Ambient dust will be monitored using one aerosol / dust meter. 2. Combustible gases in the work area will be monitored by a gas meter. . Ambient Dust Dust monitoring will be performed using an aerosol / dust meter (MiniRam Model MIEPDM-3 or equivalent) and will monitor particulate matter in the range of 0-10 microns diameter. Real-time dust monitoring shall be monitored and integrated over a period not to exceed 15 minutes within the work area. Background levels will be established before the start of each shift every day. Dust monitoring shall be performed when site activities have the potential to disturb soils or create dust which may contain COCs. Dust monitoring may be waived on days where precipitation prevents dust migration or when site activities are not likely to generate dust. A background reading will be established daily at the beginning of the work shift. If the wind direction changes during the course of the day, a new background reading will be made. Combustible Gases Combustible gases and available oxygen shall be monitored whenever intrusive activities are likely to encounter high concentrations of volatile organics. LEL/O2 monitoring shall be performed using a portable four gas meter (LEL/O2/CO/H2S), operated in the active work zone. Readings from an upwind location shall be used to determine background concentrations. Background levels will be established before the start of work every day. Dust monitoring shall be performed when site activities have the potential to disturb soils or create dust which may contain COCs. Dust monitoring may be waived on days where precipitation prevents dust migration or when site activities are not likely to generate dust. The Engineer’s representative shall be notified on any such days. A background reading will be established daily at the beginning of the work shift. If the wind direction changes during the course of the day, a new background reading will be made. Vapor Emission Response Plan If the ambient air concentration of organic vapors exceeds 5 ppm above background at the perimeter of the work area, activities shall be halted and monitoring continued. If the organic vapor level decreases below 5 ppm above background, work activities will resume. If the organic vapor levels are greater than 5 ppm over the background but less than 25 ppm over background at the perimeter of the work area, activities will resume provided the organic vapor level 200 feet downwind of the work area or half the distance to the nearest residential or commercial structure, whichever is less, is below 5 ppm over background. If the organic vapor level is above 25 ppm at the perimeter of the work area, activities shall be shutdown. When work shutdown occurs, downwind air monitoring as directed by the HSO will be implemented to ensure that vapor emission does not impact the nearest residential or commercial structure. Major Vapor Emission If any organic levels greater than 5 ppm over background are identified 200 feet downwind from the work area or half the distance to the nearest residential or commercial property, whichever is less, all work activities shall be halted. If, following the cessation of the work activities, or as the result of an emergency, organic levels persist above 5 ppm above background 200 feet downwind or half the distance to the


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nearest residential or property from the work area, the air quality shall be monitored within 20 feet of the perimeter of the nearest residential or commercial structure (20 Foot Zone). Major Vapor Emission Response Plan Upon activation, the following shall be undertaken: • All Emergency Response Contacts should be contacted; • The local police authorities shall immediately be contacted by the HSO and advised of the situation. Coordinate with local officials to arrange for notification and evacuation of the surrounding community; Frequent air monitoring will be conducted at 30 minute intervals within the 20 Foot Zone. If two successive readings below action levels are measured, air monitoring should be halted or modified by the HSO. Odor Odor suppression will be applied during each day that odor complaints are received. Action Levels and Protective Response The Site Health and Safety Officer will perform air sampling to determine airborne contaminant concentrations and document the concentration levels. Decisions to upgrade or downgrade PPE, or to modify engineering controls and work practices will be dependent upon the air monitoring data and Training All personnel at the site must participate in a health and safety training program that complies with OSHA, Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HAZWOPER). This program instructs employees on the intent of the standard health and safety principles/procedures, proper operation of monitoring instruments, use of personal protective equipment, decontamination, and site specific emergency plans. All personnel shall have an initial 40 hour-training course. This course is supplemented by an annual 8 hour refresher course. Personnel responsible for supervision and on-site management relative to site operations receive an additional 8 hours of specialized training. Additional training is provided for those employees responsible for responding to site emergencies. Chemical specific training and training on respiratory protection is a must. All employees who will enter confined spaces will be trained in Confined Space Entry in accordance with the PLAN. Personnel responsible for supervising, planning confined space entry and rescue will be adequately trained in their function duties prior to any confined space entry. Refresher training will be conducted as needed to maintain employees’ competence in entry procedures and precautions. Personal Protective Equipment Levels of Personal Protection Personnel must wear protective equipment when activities involve potential contact with known or suspected contamination, when hazardous vapor, gases, or particulates may be generated by site activities, or when direct skin contact with hazardous substances may occur. The specific levels of protection and necessary components for each have been divided into four categories according to the degrees of protection afforded: Level A Should be worn when the highest level of respiratory, skin, and eye protection is needed. Level B Should be worn when the highest level of respiratory protection is needed, but a lesser level of skin protection. Level C Should be worn when the criteria for using air purifying respirators are met, and a lesser level of skin protection is needed.


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Level D Should be worn only as a work uniform and not in any area with respiratory or skin hazards. It provides minimal protection against chemical hazards. The Level of Protection selected is based upon the following: Type and measured concentration of the chemical substance in the ambient atmosphere and its toxicity. Potential routes of exposure to substances by inhalation, dermal contact, ingestion, or other direct contact with material due to work being done. Knowledge of chemicals on-site along with properties such as toxicity, route of exposure, and contaminant concentration. All on-site personnel will be required to comply with the personal protective levels of protection. The various levels of protection for this project are defined as follows: Level D High visibility reflective safety vests Sleeved shirt Full length pants Boots/shoes; chemical resistant, steel toe and shank Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles meeting Hardhat meeting Earplugs and/or earmuffs (optional as applicable) Face shield (where splash hazards exist) Leather work gloves Rain gear (optional as applicable) Safety harnesses, lanyards and lifelines (optional as applicable) Level D (Modified) This level of protection is used when concentrations(s) and types(s) of airborne substance(s) are known to be below the permissible exposure limits (PELs), and when prevention of dermal contact is needed. Air purifying respirators should be readily available. Use of an air-purifying respirator with Modified Level D PPE will constitute Level C PPE. The following constitute Modified Level D PPE, which may be used as appropriate: High visibility reflective safety vests Sleeved shirt Full length pants Boots/shoes; chemical resistant, steel toe and shank o Disposable boot covers (where appropriate) Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles Hardhat meeting Chemical protective suits o White Tyvek (dry work) o Polyethylene coated Tyvek (wet work) Gloves o Nitrile gloves Safety harnesses, lifelines and lanyards (optional as applicable) Earplugs and / or earmuffs (optional as applicable) Face shield (decontamination pad employees) Level C This level of protection applies when the concentration (s) and types(s) of airborne substance(s) are known and the criteria for using air purifying respirators are met. The following constitute Level C PPE, which may be used as appropriate. Air purifying respirator (NIOSH approved) with appropriate cartridges as listed below:


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o Half face or full face respirator with OV/HEPA cartridges for all work where action levels dictate respiratory protection. o The HSO shall evaluate the protection factors of both full face and half face respirators with respect to the anticipated concentration of COCs and shall direct the employee as to which style shall be utilized. o The 15 min TWA for Total VOCs and/or results from benzene sampling will determine the use of half-face and full-face respirators. Half-Face – if >5 ppm and <50 ppm Full Face – if >50 ppm and < 250 ppm Sleeved shirt Full length pants Boots/shoes; chemical resistant, steel toe and shank o Disposable boot covers (where appropriate) Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles Hardhat meeting Chemical protective suits o White Tyvek (dry work) o Polyethylene coated Tyvek (wet work) Gloves o Nitrile gloves Safety harnesses, lifelines and lanyards (optional as applicable) Earplugs and / or earmuffs (optional as applicable) Face shield (decontamination pad employees) Level B Level B PPE is not anticipated for this project. If site hazards require Level B PPE, the Director of Safety and / or the Project Manager will determine the safety protocol and provide a formal amendment to this PLAN. Level A Level A PPE is not anticipated for this project. If site hazards require Level A PPE, the Director of Safety and / or the Project Manager will determine the safety protocol and provide a formal amendment to this PLAN. Training and Proper Fitting Training: Employees must be trained in the proper use of protective equipment prior to using any equipment on-site. The purpose of the training has been to: (1) become familiar with the equipment in a non-hazardous situation; (2) instill confidence and awareness in the user of the limitations and capabilities of the equipment; (3) increase the operating and protective efficiency of PPE use; and (4) reduce maintenance expenses. All personnel who may wear a respirator will be qualitatively fit tested with irritant smoke, isoamyl acetate. HSO shall reduce the safety factor by 50% when evaluating respiratory protection requirements. Medical Surveillance Program This medical surveillance program is designed to survey pre-employment or baseline conditions prior to potential exposures and monitor physical conditions on a regular basis. All HAZMAT workers on this project are required to comply with the medical monitoring program. Non HAZMAT workers (if any) may be excluded from this requirement at the HSOs discretion. Medical surveillance confirmation for employees who may utilize respiratory protection will be maintained on site with other records. Baseline Medical Monitoring


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Prior to employment, each employee must receive a baseline medical examination as outlined in the safety program. The content of the baseline medical examinations will be determined by the employer’s medical consultant based upon the potential exposures of the worker and the nature of the duties to be performed. The medical monitoring examinations must certify employees as fit for duty and able to wear respiratory protection and insure that no chemical exposure has occurred during the course of normal operations. Periodic Medical Monitoring In addition to a baseline examination for all employees, regular annual examinations shall be performed unless the advising physician or HSO believes a shorter interval is appropriate. The Project Manager or Site HSO will verify all personnel working in potentially contaminated areas at the site are currently (within 12 months) participating in a medical surveillance program. This is done by obtaining a copy of the physicians written opinion form for the medical surveillance at the job site. Exposure or Injury Medical Support As a follow up to an injury or possible exposure above established exposure limits, all employees are entitled to and encouraged to seek medical attention and medical testing. Depending upon the type of exposure, it is critical to perform follow up testing within 24-48 hours. The medical consultant will advise as to the type of test required to accurately monitor for exposure effects. Exit Medical Monitoring At termination of employment, reassignment, or at the physician's discretion each employee shall complete an exit medical surveillance examination. The content of the examination is to be determined by the employer's medical consultant. Employees who are assigned to this project for less than 6 months may be exempt, at the HSO’s discretion. Site Control Measures This section defines measures and procedures for maintaining site control. Site control is an essential component in the implementation of the site health and safety plan. A. Site Maps and Work Zones The Project Manager will maintain a copy of all site maps and drawings at the engineering department office. Site maps and work zones shall be fully available to all workers and provided to any employee or site visitor upon request. B. Site Security Entry and exit to and from the site will be limited to authorized personnel only. Entry and exit to and from the site will be permitted only through designated access points, except during an emergency or as authorized by the Superintendent or HSO. All visitors and subcontractors entering the site must be approved with the Department prior to arrival on-site. Anyone entering the active remediation areas will be required to read and verify compliance with the provisions of this PLAN. Visitors will be expected to comply with relevant OSHA regulations and expected to provide their own protective equipment. In the event that a visitor does not adhere to the provisions of the PLAN, he/she will be requested to leave the work area. C. Work Zone Definitions Work zones shall be delineated as described below. Variations to the designation, layout, or


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configuration of the work zones must be authorized by the HSO, Project Manager, or Director of Safety. Construction fence, tape, cones, or other warning barriers will be placed to identify the various work zones. Exclusion Zone Exclusion Zones are restricted areas where work activities create a high potential for exposure. Entry into the exclusion zone is limited to authorized personnel only, equipped with the proper PPE. Exclusion Zones for this project shall include, but are not limited to, the following areas: Active removal areas where project tasks are intrusive and likely to encounter contaminated materials. The exclusion zone shall include the entire excavation, handling and stockpiling area (s). Contamination Reduction Zone Contaminant Reduction Zones are designated as transition areas between the Exclusion Zone and the Support Zone. Activities in the CRZ may involve decontamination of personnel or equipment, waste containment, or other activities where the possibility of direct exposure to contaminants is reduced. Authorized personnel entering a CRZ may be required to use PPE. The need for PPE shall be determined by the HSO based upon the anticipated tasks to be completed. Contaminant Reduction Zones for this project shall include the following areas: Entrance areas adjacent to active removal areas The equipment and truck decontamination pad. All other areas within the limits of work, but outside of EZs, shall be considered CRZs with respect to authority, training, and PPE requirements. Support Zone Support zones are all other areas of the project which are active as part of the operation. Support zones do not require special access authority, training or PPE. All areas of the site not designated as EZs or CRZs shall be considered Support Zones. Emergency Response Plan (ERP) A. Emergency Planning During the site briefings held periodically, all employees will be trained in and reminded of provisions of the emergency response plan, communication systems, and evacuation routes. The plan will be reviewed and revised if necessary, on a regular basis by the Project Manager and Site HSO. This will verify that the plan is adequate and consistent with prevailing site conditions. The HSO shall attend and participate in any planning meetings required by local emergency management departments (hospital, fire, police, hazardous materials, etc.) for the purpose of coordinating emergency response to the project site and communicating and procedural requirements or information needs. The HSO has primary responsibility for responding to and correcting emergency situations. This includes taking appropriate measure to ensure the safety of site personnel and the public. Possible actions may involve evacuation of personnel from the site area. He is additionally responsible for verifying corrective measures have been implemented, appropriate authorities notified, and follow up reports completed. The HSO will direct responses to any medical emergency. All employees are responsible for assisting the HSO within the parameters of their scope of work. In the event of an emergency, the site HSO shall be responsible for notifying the proper authorities and implementing any appropriate measures. A local map and directions to the nearest hospital must be attached. Emergency access / egress routes are visible on the map. B. Emergency Meeting Place and Signals


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A clear, safe exit route and meeting place will be setup for personnel to meet should a release occur (fire, explosion, etc.). All personnel will be informed about the routes from the Work Area to the Meeting area. Air horns will be placed at each Work Zone and will indicate a release has occurred. C. Spill Prevention and Countermeasures This Spill Response Plan (SRP) must be developed. This plan will address spill response measures for potential spills or discharges of contaminated-related materials that could occur at the site during the work activities. A copy of this SPCC will also be made available to all personnel for review. Confine Space Work The written program will include the following: 1. Implement methods to prevent unauthorized entry. 2. Identify and evaluate the hazards of permit-required confined space before entry; 3. Develop and implement procedures for safe permit-required confined space. 4. Evaluate permit-required confined space when entry operations are conducted. 5. Provide at least one attendant outside the permit-required confined space which will be entered. 6. Designate the personnel who will have active role in entry operations; 7. Develop and implement procedures for obtaining rescue and emergency services; 8. Develop and implement a system for the preparation, issuance, use and collection of entry permits, 9. Develop and implement procedures to coordinate entry operations when personnel from more than one employer are working; 10. Develop and implement procedures for concluding the entry; 11. Review and revise entry operations if measures may not protect personnel; and 12. Review the permit-required confined space program to ensure personnel are protected from the hazards present. Recordkeeping Implementation of the provisions of this PLAN must be completely documented. The Project Manager must set up a separate file to receive health and safety related records and activity reports. This file should contain the following records: One copy of the site specific PLAN. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). Daily Safety Logs. A list of personnel engaged in site activities and verification of the required training and medical monitoring. Employee injury/exposure incident reports. Safety violation records and remedial actions taken. Other pertinent health and safety related observations. Air sampling instrumentation records, sampling data sheets, and chain of-custody forms. Accident/Incident Reports. Security Log Safety Log All field personnel must sign the Compliance Agreement, indicating that they have attended a briefing by the Project Manager or HSO, understand, and agree to abide by the provisions of this PLAN prior to working at the site. Personnel will be trained by the Project Manager or Site Health and Safety Officer before entering the site. Health and safety documents shall be submitted to the Project Manager for inclusion in the weekly progress reports. Material Safety Data Sheets


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MSDS will be submitted for all hazardous chemicals onsite. MSDS will be made readily available, upon request, and will be located in the Contractor’s field office.


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Appendix Annex 1: Labour Law Articles Relevant to OHS&E

- The provisions of this Book shall apply to all workplaces/ sites, Establishments1 and their branches, whatever their type, activity or belonging/ attachment, in addition to various transportation means (article 203);

- The Establishment and its branches shall provide the means of "OHS and ensuring workplace environment" at various workplaces, to assure protection against physical hazards, particularly: Heat stress and cold / chilliness, noise and vibration, illumination, harmful and dangerous radiations, atmospheric pressure changes, static and dynamic electricity, and explosion risks (article 208).

- The Establishment and its branches shall take all precautions and measures as necessary to provide the means of "OHS and ensuring workplace environment" at various workplaces, to assure protection against mechanical hazards, resulting from colliding the employee's body with solid objects, particularly the following: 1) every danger arising from work machinery/ equipment/ tool comprising lagging and lifting equipment, articles, apparatuses, and means of transport, handling and power transmission; 2) every danger arising from building, construction, or digging works, as well as risks of collapse or downfall (article 209).

- The Establishment and its branches shall take all protection means for its employees from dangers of infection with bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites as well as all biological dangers, once the nature of work exposes the employees to the conditions of infection therewith, particularly the following: 1) dealing with infected animals, their products, or their wastes; 2) mixing with infected sick human beings and carrying out healthcare services for them including medical analyses and examinations (article 210).

- The Establishment and its branches shall provide means of protection from chemical hazards, resulting from dealing with solid, liquid or gaseous chemical substances with particular concern to the following: 1) Not exceeding the maximum permissible concentration for chemicals and carcinogenic substances that the employees could be exposed to; 2) Not exceeding the identified threshold quantities of dangerous chemicals during storage; 3) Provision of the necessary precautions for protecting the Establishment and employees during transport, storage, handling, and using the dangerous chemical substances, as well as disposal of their wastes; 4) Keeping a "Register" as an inventory for the dangerous chemical substances being handled, comprising all relevant data specific to every substance as well as records to workplace monitoring and possible exposure of the employees to the hazards of chemicals; 5) Place "Identification Cards/ labels" for recognizing all chemical substances handled at the workplace, describing the scientific and trade names, their chemical composition, their dangerous level/ degree, safety precautions, related emergency procedures. The Establishment shall obtain the data mentioned for these substances from the supplier upon procurement/ supply; 6) Training the employees on ways of handling/ dealing with the dangerous chemicals and carcinogens, with identification of their dangerous characteristics as well as safe ways and suitable protection against their dangers (article 211).

- The Establishment and its branches shall provide means of protection from negative hazards that emanates or aggravates the hazard or danger due to its lack, the examples of which are: 1) Methods used for Rescue, First Aid, Cleaning, Housekeeping, and workplace organization; 2) Assure provision of food handlers at workplaces with "Health Certificates" that describe their fitness and free from infectious and communicable diseases (article 212).

- Compliance with Safety limits, Specifications and Provisions necessary for combating dangers2 identified in articles 208 – 212 of the present law, after consulting the view of the concerned authorities (article 213).

- The Establishment and its branches shall take the necessary precautions and specifications/ conditions for protection against fire dangers3, as determined by the concerned authorities at the Ministry of Interior, and according to the nature of activity exercised by the Establishment, as well as the physical and chemical properties of the used (or produced) materials. The following elements are to be

1 Establishment: Any project or utility owned or managed by a public or private Law and its executive decrees (article 202 of Labour Law no. 12 for 2003). 2 Ministerial Decree no. 211 for 2003 3 Relevant Decrees issued by The Minister of Interior related to Fire fighting and Civil Protection


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taken care: 1) All fire fighting and extinguishing equipment and related tools being used shall conform with the Egyptian Standards' Specifications; 2) Developing the fire fighting and protection equipment by using the latest methods, and providing alarm, early warning, cautioning, protective insulation, and automatic fire extinguishing equipment, whenever necessary, according to the nature and activity of the Establishment (article 214).

- The Establishment and its branches shall carry out an evaluation and analysis of Risks and of the expected industrial and natural disasters, and prepare an Emergency / Contingency Plan for protecting the Establishment and its employees in the event of an occurring disaster, providing the effectiveness of this plan shall be tested through practical drills to ascertain its efficiency and train the employees to face its requirements. The Establishment shall notify the concerned administrative authority with the emergency / contingency plan, as well as any modification introduced therein, and also in case of storing or using dangerous materials. In case the Establishment refrains from implementing the procedures necessitated by the foregoing provisions and the decrees enforcing them, within the dates determined by the concerned administrative authority, and in case a danger to the health or safety of the employees suddenly emerges, this authority may order closing down the Establishment totally or partially, or stopping one or more machines until the causes of the danger disappear. The decree issued for closing down the establishment, or stopping the machines shall be executed through administrative channels, subject to the employees' right in receiving their full wages during the period of closure or stoppage. The concerned administrative authority may remove the causes of the danger by direct execution at the cost of the Establishment (article 215).

- Under no violation to provisions of the "Social Insurance Law", the Establishment as well as its branches shall carry out the following procedures: 1) Pre-placement medical examination of every employee, before hiring, to ascertain his/ her safety and health fitness, pursuant to type and nature of the work to be assigned to him/ her; 2) Workability assessment to ascertain his/ her fitness relevant to physical, mental and psychological abilities to ensure his/ her fitness to work demands. These examinations shall be carried out according to the Health Insurance Organization's provisions. The concerned Minister, in agreement with the Minister of Health, shall issue a decree determining the levels of fitness and health safety, as well as the mental and psychological abilities on the basis of which these examinations are carried out (article 216).

- The Establishment and its branches shall undertake the following: 1) Training the employee on sound basics of his/ her occupation (job); 2) informing the employee, before exercising his/ her job, of the Risks of his / her occupation, instructing him/ her to use personal protective equipment suitable for the occupation therefore, along with providing the proper PPEs, and training him/ her on using them. The Establishment shall not charge any costs to the worker or deduct any amounts from his/ her wage against providing the means of protection necessary for him/ her (article 217).

- The employee shall use PPEs, undertake to maintain with care all that is kept of them and obey the instructions given to protect his/ her health against work accidents. He/ she shall not commit any act intended to prevent implementing the instructions, or abuse, change, or cause any damage or harm in the means placed for the safety and protection of his fellow employees, without prejudice to what is imposed by any other law in this respect (article 218).

- The Establishment and its branches shall undertake the following procedures: 1) Carry out the daily periodical inspection on the workplace/s, in each shift, especially the dangerous ones, in order to discover the occupational risks and work on protection there from; 2) The appointed Establishment Physician (if any) shall examine the sickness complaint of the employee and know its connection with the type of work; 3) Coordinate with the Health Insurance Organization for carrying out the periodical medical examination for all the Establishment employees, to continuously maintain their health fitness and safety, discover the occupational diseases appearing in the early stages, and carry out the medical examination at the end of service. This shall all be according to the health insurance systems prescribed in this respect (article 219).

- The Establishment shall provide the First Aid means for its employees. If the number of the Establishment's employees in the same place, or the same town, or in a circle with a radius of fifteen kilometers exceeds fifty employees, the Establishment shall employ one or more qualified nurse/s for nursing or first aid services in each working shift at the Establishment, charge a Physician to visit them at the place provided by the Establishment for that purpose, and give them the medicines necessary for treatment free of charge. If an employee in the two cases prescribed in the two previously mentioned clauses, is treated at a government or charity hospital, the Establishment shall pay to the hospital management the costs of the patient's medical treatment, medicines and stay at the hospital. In determining the costs of medical treatment, medicines and stay at the hospital, as prescribed in the previous clauses, the methods and terms to be issued by decree of the concerned Minister in agreement with the Minister of Health shall be followed (article 220).


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- An Establishment where the number of employees is fifty or more, shall provide the necessary social and cultural services to its employees, in contribution with the Trade Union committee (if any) or with representatives for the employees to be elected by the concerned general Trade Union (article 222).

- A Fund for social, health and cultural services at the National level shall be established at the concerned Ministry. All Establishments where the number of employees is twenty or more shall pay an amount of not less than Five pounds annually on each employee to finance the Fund (article 223).

- The concerned Minister shall issue the decree necessary for determining the Establishments and their branches which shall undertake the functional agencies / instruments for occupational safety and health and ensuring labour environment security, the relevant concerned committees and the institutions to be assigned by the training process4 in these fields. This decree shall determine the rules to be followed in this respect. The said committees shall be concerned with studying the conditions of work, the causes of accidents and injuries, the occupational diseases and others, and shall lay the rules and precautions capable to prevent them. The decisions of these committees shall bind the Establishments and their branches. The training process shall comprise the employees of the Functional Agency/ instrument for occupational safety and health and ensuring labour environment security, the members of the concerned committees, and those in charge of all levels of management and production, commensurate with their responsibilities and the nature of their work (article 227).

- All industrial Establishments employing fifteen employees and all non-industrial Establishments employing fifty employees or more shall provide the concerned Manpower Directorate with a semi-annual statistical statement on the diseases and injuries5, during the first half of the months of July and January at most. Each of the Establishments subject to the provisions of this part shall notify the said Directorate of each grave/ fatal accidents occurring in the Establishment within twenty four hours from its occurrence. The concerned Minister shall issue a decree concerning the Format to be used for this purpose (article 228).

Annex 2: Egypt OHS&E Legislative Framework

1. Introduction

Several major National/ Egyptian Occupational safety and health as well as environmental statutes affect the various economic activities. In addition, any economic activity is subject to numerous laws and regulations from local authorities designed to protect and improve the nation’s health, safety, and environment. A summary of the major regulations affecting various economic facilities follows. The regulated facilities are required to abide by a number of requirements. The non-compliance with such requirements is considered a violation to the law and the regulator has the right to impose the enforcement measures and penalties. They comprise a variety of provisions including:

• License/Permit

In some cases, the regulated facility is required to acquire a license or permit for specific aspects. Such license/permit implicitly involves requirements and conditions that the facilities should abide with in order to be granted the license. For example in the Egyptian laws, handling of hazardous waste require a permit committing the regulated facility to several conditions such as the segregation of hazardous waste, identifying the methodology for treatment and disposal of the waste, development of a contingency plan, identification of the waste transportation means and identification of storage method.

• Allowable Limits This instrument provides the safe allowable limits for discharged pollutants by which the facility should abide. The limit is usually given as concentration (or intensity as in the case of noise). Reaching a value beyond such limit may have negative impacts on the environment. For example, in Egyptian environmental regulations, all establishments are required to comply with the allowable limits for air emissions and wastewater.

• Exposure Time In some cases, the allowable limits are coupled with a safe exposure time beyond which the pollutant may negatively affect the health of workers or neighbors. For example, in Egyptian work environment laws, allowable sound intensity and work environment emissions are related to the time for which workers are exposed to such limits. In some cases, a safe exposure level is expressed as a combination of an allowable limit and a time period over which the average exposure level should not be exceeded.

• Input Conditions

4 Ministerial Decree no. 134 for 2003 5 Ministerial Decree no. 126 for 2003


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These are conditions related to the inputs of the regulated operation or aspects. The conditions require specific characteristics to be satisfied in these inputs. For example, in the Egyptian regulations, conditions are given for the fuels used in fuel burning processes, Moreover; treated wastewater should fulfill specific requirements in case it is used in irrigation.

• Technological/Equipment Specifications These are specifications indicated by the laws regarding the technology used, the design implemented or specifications of equipment used. For example, the Egyptian regulations induce technical specifications for the process of hazardous waste treatment. Moreover, specifications of the burners and stack heights are also given.

• Management Conditions These are the conditions that should be followed in management of material including handling, storage or transportation. For example, the Egyptian laws give the conditions for solid waste storage and transportation.

• Safety Conditions These are the conditions that address safety requirements during operation. They include safety requirements for work environment. For example, the regulations include safety conditions for work environment and the provision of safety equipment such as ear-plugs to workers.

• Pollution Control Conditions These are conditions requiring the implementation or adoption of pollution control measures in operations related to the regulated aspect. For example, the Egyptian regulations require the implementation of wastewater treatment plants in establishments discharging wastewater to marine water. Moreover, the regulations require the implementation of pollution abatement measures to address emissions in workplace.

• Restriction/Prohibition In such cases, the laws prohibit enterprise specific activities. For example, the Egyptian regulations restrict the discharge of solid waste to water bodies and prohibit open burning of solid waste as well as the use of heavy oil as a fuel in residential areas.

The Egyptian legal system includes a number of workplace or ambient/ general environment-related regulations that go back to the 1950s. The laws and regulations include: - Law 12/2003, known as the labour law, and the Ministerial decrees implementing it, e.g. Decree 126/2003 (Statistical Formats), Decree 134/2003 (Regulating OSH Committees and training of facility personnel on OSH), and Decree 211/2003 (Directives for protecting workers, facilities and environment, including Threshold Limit Values), Decree 180/ 2003 (Regulating Medical Surveillance for Employees). - Law 4/1994, law for the environmental and its executive regulations (ER) - Law 48/1982 (Protection of the Nile and its tributaries) for the discharge on water bodies and its ER - Law 93/1962, executed by the Ministerial decree no 44/2000 for the discharge on the public sewer system - Law 453/1954 amended by 359/ 1956, 209/1980 and 177/ 1981 concerning the general conditions for industrial and commercial shops/ facilities and others causing discomfort or hazardous to health or dangerous - Law 453/ 1954, Law 148/1959 and Law 107/ 1982; Decrees 48/ 1967, 380/ 1975, 1182/ 1981, 1395/ 1981, etc. concerning “Civil Defence and fire-fighting” - Minister of Health Decree 142/ 1967 on provision of First Aid Services at Workplaces, and specifying quantities and specifications according to nature and size of the facilities. - Law 38/ 1967 on General Cleanliness, executed by the ER 134/ 1968 - Law 45/ 1949 amended by 209/ 1980, 177/ 1981 and 129/ 1982 on regulating the amplifiers - Law 3/ 1982 on Urban planning, executed by ministerial decree # 600/ 1982 - Law 55/ 1977 on establishing and erection of thermal equipment and boilers - Law 51/ 1981 on regulating medical facilities - Law 59/ 1960 on regulating work with ionizing radiations

General Requirement

Each establishment should prepare and maintain an environmental register in which the following data shall be recorded: (Law 4/1994: ER17; Law 12/2003, art. 211)

- Emissions - Specifications of discharges after the treatment process, and the efficiency of the treatment units used. - Follow-up and environmental safety procedures applied in the establishment. - Periodical tests and measures and their results. - The name of the person in charge of follow-up.

Annex 3 of law 4/1994 provides a model for the environmental register is included in Box (1).

Box1: Model for the Environmental Register 1. Establishment name and address 2. Name of person in charge of recording data in the Register and his job title 3. Time period covered by the current data 4. Type of activities and nature of primary raw materials used, and production during the corresponding time


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period 5. Legislation to which the establishment is subject 6. Special conditions set by the EEAA concerning the establishment 7. Statement of the types of emissions, the rates of drainage (per hour/per day/per month/per year), and method of disposal thereof:-

7.1 Gaseous emissions 7.2 Liquid emissions 7.3 Solid emissions 7.4 Other emissions

8. Frequencies of carrying out tests on all types of emissions from the establishment: 8.1 Random samples for testing:

- Date, time and place of each sample - Frequency of sample collection - Statement of parameters to be measured (daily/weekly/ monthly)

8.2 Samples of compound waste: - Date and time of sample collection - Locations and percentages of the mixture in the compound sample - Statement of parameters to be measured (daily/weekly/monthly)

9. Extracted materials after treatment processes 10. Extent of efficiency of treatment method 11. Date and signature of officer in charge

The establishment owner or his representative shall notify the EEAA immediately, by means of registered letter with return receipt, of any deviation in the criteria and specifications of emitted or discharged pollutants and the procedures taken to rectify such deviations. Air Pollution Fuel Burning Allowable Limits

Emissions resulting from fuel burning should not exceed the following allowable limits (Law 4/1994, ER42). Table 1: Maximum Allowable Limits for Emissions Resulting from Fuel Burning

Pollutant Maximum Permissible Limit Smoke 250 mg/m3 Suspended ashes: - sources in urban areas or near residential areas 250 mg/ m3 - sources far from inhabited urban areas 500 mg/ m3 - burning of waste 500 mg/ m3 Sulfur dioxide: - existing 4000 mg/ m3 - new 2500 mg/ m3 Aldehydes: - burning of waste 20 mg/ m3 Carbon monoxide: - existing 4000 mg/ m3 - new 2500 mg/ m3

Table 2: Maximum Allowable Limits for Emissions Resulting from Boilers (Decree no 495/2001: Emissions from boilers and brick factories (modifying item 3 of article ER 42 of law 4/1994)

Maximum Allowable limits for Pollutants (in mg/ m3) CO SO2 Soot Stacks of Clay Bricks Factories 800 300 50 Stacks of Thermal bricks Factories 800 1600 50 Stacks of Boilers 250 3400 50

• The concentration of total particulates should not exceed 200 mg/m3 (Law 4/1994, ER42) Input Specifications • Coal and heavy oil should not be used as fuels in residential areas. (Law 4/1994, ER42) • The sulphur content of the fuel should not excess 1.5% in residential areas. (Law 4/1994, ER42) • Garbage should not be used as a fuel (law 453/1954, article 25).


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Technological Specifications a. Combustion Process

The following conditions should be satisfied (Law 4/1994, ER 42): • Allow for complete mixing of air and fuel to allow for complete combustion. • Allow for sufficient time for the burning process to minimize emissions from incomplete combustion A sufficient space should be left as a heat insulator (buffer) between the furnace and the surrounding walls. This is not required if the walls are made of thermal bricks or covered with an insulator. (Law 453/1954, article 25)

b. Stacks

The following conditions should be satisfied:

• Stacks should be made of concrete or tin. (Law 453/1954, article 25) • No stack is required in case of using LPG or kerosene as a fuel or when using electricity. (Law 453/1954, article 25) • Stacks should be of appropriate height (Law 4/1994, ER 42):

o The height of the stack emitting a total of 7000 - 15000 kg/hour of waste should be 18-36 meters. o The height of the stack emitting a total amount of gaseous waste exceeding 15000 kg/hour shall be at least more than two and a half times the height of surrounding buildings, including the building served by the stack.

Pollution Control Conditions

• Precautions should be taken to minimize the amount of emissions resulting from fuel burning. (Law 4/1994, ER 42)

Restricted Activities

• Open burning is not allowed if the requirements for sound designs are not fulfilled to ensure complete combustion and disposal of emissions through stacks. (Law 4/1994, ER42) • Open burning of solid wastes is not allowed. (Law 4/1994, ER38)

Emissions from Industrial Establishments These are emissions that are emitted from the establishment stacks whether resulting from fuel burning or not. Allowable Emissions Limits The total dust emissions from the industry should not exceed 200 µgm/m3 (Law 4/1994, ER 42, annex 6).

Table 3: Maximum Allowable Limits for Gas and Fume Emissions from Industrial Establishments

Pollutant Maximum limits for emissions (mg/m3 in exhaust)

Aldehydes (measured as formaldehyde) 20 Antimony 20 Carbon monoxide 500 existing 250 new Sulfur dioxide burning coke and petroleum 4000 existing 2500 new Hydrochloric acid (hydrogen chloride) 100 Hydrochloric acid (hydrogen fluoride) 15 Lead 20 Mercury 15 Arsenic 20 Heavy elements (total) 25 Silicon fluoride 10 Fluorine 20 Cadmium 10 Hydrogen sulfide 10 Chlorine 20 Organic compounds 50 Copper 20 Nickel 20 Nitrogen oxides 400 new Other industries 300


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Laws Related to Ambient Air Quality The ambient air quality should not exceed the following ambient allowable limits (Law 4/1994, ER 34)6.

Table 4: Maximum Allowable Limits for Ambient Conditions

Pollutant Maximum Limit in Maximum Limits of Outdoor Air Pollutants (mg/ m3)

Exposure Period

Sulfur Dioxide 350 1 hr 150 24 hrs 60 1 year Carbon Monoxide 30 mg/m3 1 hr 10 mg/m3 8 hrs Nitrogen Dioxide 400 1 hr 150 24 hrs Ozone 200 1 hr 120 8 hrs Suspended Particulates 150 24 hrs (To be measured as black smoke) 60 1 yr Total Suspended Particulates 230 24 hrs 90 1 yr Thoracic Particles (PM 10) 70 24 hrs

Laws Related to Ambient Noise The ambient noise should not exceed the following allowable limits within the indicated exposure time.

Table 5: Maximum Allowable Limits for Ambient Noise

Permissible Limits For Noise Intensity Decibel (A) Day Evening Night

Type of Zone

from to from to from To - Commercial, administrative and downtown area - Residential areas including some workshops or commercial businesses or on public roads - Residential areas in the city - Residential suburbs having low traffic flow - Rural residential areas (Hospitals and gardens) - Industrial areas (Heavy Industries)

55 50 45 40 35 60

65 60 55 50 45 70

50 45 40 35 30 55

60 55 50 45 40 65

45 40 35 30 25 50

55 50 45 40 35 60

Day time: from 7 am to 6 pm; Evening time: from 6 pm to 10 pm; Night time: from 10 pm to 7 am Laws Related to Wastewater

In Case the Facility Discharges its Wastewater onto the Nile and its Canals

Permits

The facility should have a permit from the Ministry of Irrigation to discharge its wastewater on the water bodies (law 48/1982, ER 12).

Restrictions - Industrial wastewater should not include chemical material, any suspended material or any material that might be harmful to human being, plants or animals (law 48/1982, ER 4). - Domestic wastewater should not be discharged to the waterways (law 48/1982, ER 5). - Cooling water could be discharged to the same water body it was taken from only if the cooling is indirect. The water should comply with the allowable limits for temperature and oil and grease (law 48/1982, ER 7).

Technological Conditions

The wastewater discharge pipelines should be (law 48/82, ER 9,10):

- In a visible area - Above the highest level of the waterway. - At least 3 km from any water intake.

6 The ambient quality is affected by the emissions of all facilities in the area. When there are no neighbouring facilities, the

establishment should take all precautions to maintain the ambient conditions in its allowable limits.


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Allowable Limits a. In Case the Discharged Wastewater is less than 100m3/day, the Following Allowable Limits Should not be Exceeded: (law 48/1982: ER 62)

Table 6: Maximum Allowable Limits for Discharge on Water Bodies (Less than 100 m3/day)

Allowable Concentrations in mg/lit for Discharge on Parameter

Nile Canals and underground reservoirs BOD 40 30 COD Dichromate 60 40 COD permanganates 20 15 Total solids 1500 1000 Suspended solids 40 30 Oil & Grease 10 10 Nitrates 40 30 Phonol 0.005 0.002

b. In Case the Discharged wastewater is more than 100m3/day (Law 48/1982: ER6, ER62, ER 66)

Table 7: Maximum Allowable Limits for Discharge on Water Bodies (More than 100 m3/day)

Concentration in mg/lit for the Discharge to

Parameter (mg/1 unless otherwise noted) Underground Reservoir &

Nile Branches/Canals Nile (Main Stream)

Drains

BOD (5day, 20 deg.) 20 30 Municipal Industrial COD 30 40 60 60 pH 6-9 6-9 80 100 Oil & Grease 5 5 6-9 6-9 Temperature (deg.) 35 35 10 10 Total Suspended Solids 30 30 35 35 Settable Solids __ 20 50 50 Total Dissolved Solids 800 1200 __ __ Chlorine 1 1 __ __ PO4 1 1 __ 10 Total phosphorus Fluoride 0.5 0.5 __ 0.5 Cadmium 0.01 0.01 __ __ Chromium __ __ Chromium Hexavalent 0.05 0.05 Copper 1.5 1 Iron 1 1

Total concentration for theses metals should be: 1 for all flow streams

Lead 0.05 0.05 Mercury 0.001 0.001 __ __ Nickel 0.1 0.1 __ __ Silver 0.05 0.05 __ __ Zinc 1 1 __ __ Cyanide __ __ __ 0.1 Total heavy metals 1 1 1 1

In Case the Facility Discharges its Wastewater to Public Sewer System

Permit

The establishment should have a permit from the Ministry of Housing in case of wastewater discharge to the public sewer system. (Decree 44/2000, article 8,9).

Allowable Limits The following allowable limits should not be exceeded (Decree 44/2000: article 14).

Table 8: Maximum Allowable Limits for Discharge on Public Sewer System

Parameter (mg/L unless otherwise noted)

Allowable limit in mg/lit for the Concentration for the Discharge to Sewer System

BOD (5day, 20 deg.) <600


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Parameter (mg/L unless otherwise noted)

Allowable limit in mg/lit for the Concentration for the Discharge to Sewer System

COD <1100 pH 6-9.5 Oil & Grease <100 Temperature (deg.) <43 Total Suspended Solids <800 Settable Solids <10 Total Dissolved Solids __ Chlorine <10 PO4 30 Total phosphorus 25 Fluoride <1 Cadmium 0.2 Chromium

Chromium Hexavalent Copper Iron

0.5

Lead 1 Mercury 0.2 Nickel 1 Silver 0.5 Zinc <10 Cyanide <0.1 Total heavy metals Should not exceed 5 mg/l

According to decree 44/2000, article 22, the public sewer system may receive wastewater with higher concentrations for BOD and TSS (10% higher) according to a surcharge specified by the concerned entity.

Technological Specifications (Decree 44/2000: Article 10) - A sedimentation tank is required in case the wastewater include solid material - An oil separator is required in case the wastewater includes oil - Primary or secondary treatment plants should be implemented to comply with the allowable limits for the discharge on the sewer system

The Ministry of Housing has the right to request the treatment of the industrial wastewater before being discharged to the public sewer system (Decree 44/2000, article 11).

Restrictions It is restricted to discharge any harmful material to the public sewer system such as inflammable material. (Decree 44/2000: article14 item b) Moreover, material to the public sewer system (Decree 44/200, article 10), it is restricted to discharge flammable

Laws Related to Work Environment

Facilities with more than 50 workers should have an institutionalized system for safety and occupational health that is responsible for all related activities (Decree 134/2003, article 2). The facility should make available the required measuring equipment to monitor the pollutants to which workers are exposed (Decree 134/2003, article 2).

Noise

The facility should take all precautions to protect the workers against noise. (Law 12/2003, article 208). Allowable Limits and Exposure Time

Noise limits should not exceed the allowable limit included in annex 7 of law 4/1994 (law 4/1994, ER 44, also included in Decree 211/2003, article 8).

Table 9: Maximum Permissible Limits of Sound Intensity inside Places of Productive Activities

No.

Type of Place/ Activity Maximum Allowable Sound Level Decibel (A)

1 Work premises with up to 8 hour shifts with the aim of limiting noise hazards on hearing

90

2 Places of work that require hearing signals and good audibility of speech

80

3 Places of work for the follow up, measuring and adjustment of operations, with high performance

65


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No.

Type of Place/ Activity Maximum Allowable Sound Level Decibel (A)

4 Places of work with computers or typewriters or similar equipment

70

5 Places of work for activities that require routine mental concentration

60

Intensity of noise shall not exceed 90 decibels (A) during a daily work shift (8 hours). In case the noise intensity is higher than 90 decibels (A), the period of exposure shall be reduced according to the following table. Table 10: Relation between Noise Levels in Work Places and Exposure Time

Noise Level 95 100 105 110 115 Exposure Time (hr.) 4 2 1 0.5 0.25

The noise intensity at any one time during working hours shall not exceed 140 decibels (Decree 211/2003, article 8). In case of exposure to intermittent noise coming from heavy hammers, the exposure period (number of knocks during the daily shift) permitted depends on the noise intensity, according to the following table (law 4/1994, ER 44) Table 11: Allowable Limits for Intermittent Noise

Noise intensity (Decibels)

Number of permissible knocks during daily working hours

135 300 130 1000 125 3000 120 10000 115 30000

Noise coming from heavy hammers shall be considered intermittent if the period between knocks is one second or more. If the period is less than this, the noise shall be considered continuous, in which case the previous four conditions shall apply.

Technical Specifications (Decree 211/2003, article 8)

The following precautions should be taken to reduce noise levels (Decree 211/2003, article 8): - Selection of equipment with standard specifications - Placing machinery on noise suppressant bases - Substituting metallic movable parts with plastic or Teflon to reduce noise - Control the velocity of the motion - Use sound absorbent walls and roofs

Management Conditions (Decree 211/2003, article 8)

- Implementation of a periodic maintenance program - Periodic evaluation and monitoring of noise levels

Safety Conditions (Decree 211/2003, article 8)

Personal protection equipment should be used in case engineering control is difficult.

Vibrations The facility should take all precautions to protect the workers against vibrations (Law 12/2003, article 208).

Allowable Limits (Article 211/2003, article 9) Adequate precautions should be taken in order to reduce the exposure of workers to mechanical vibration. The facility should prepare a plan for measuring and analysis of vibrations resulting from equipment & work activities on a periodic basis & compare it with the allowable limit included in the following table (table 10 in the decree). Table 12: Allowable Limits for Vibration

Daily Exposure Period Cubic root of the dominant effect of any of the

three axes which should be exceeded m/sec2 4 ≥ h < 8 4 2 ≥ h < 4 6 1 ≥ h < 2 8 h < 1 12


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Technological Specifications (Article 211/2003, article 9) The facility should take all procedures and technical precautions to reduce vibrations through the use of modern technologies as well as application of periodic maintenance and engineering inspection.

Safety Conditions (Article 211/2003, article 9) - The facility should provide the workers with personal protective equipment to reduce vibration effects. - The facility should put a system for health care for protection against health problems resulting from vibrations. - The facility should prepare and organize training awareness programs for workers regarding the issue.

Work Environment Emissions

The facility should take all precautions to protect the workers against chemical hazards (Law 12/2003, article 211) or work environment pollutants such as: dust, vapours and dust (Decree 211/2003, article 34).

Allowable Limits and Exposure Time Work environment parameters should not exceed the allowable limits included in annex 8 of law 4/1994 (law 4/1994, ER 45).

Technological Specifications Equipment should be selected such that the work environment parameters do not exceed the allowable limits. (Law 4/1994, ER44)

Safety Conditions The establishment should provide workers with personal protective equipment. (Law 4/1994, ER 45) The equipment should be periodically checked and maintained (Decree 211/2003, article 42).

Pollution Control Conditions

Establishments should provide appropriate ventilation, stacks and other pollution abatement measures (Law 4/1994, ER 45).

Ventilation Allowable Limits and Exposure Time

The ventilation should be appropriate to the volume of the work place and the nature of activities according to the following table: (law 4/1994, ER 47).

Table 13: Ventilation Required for Different Types of Activities

Quantity of External Air Cubic Decimeter/ Minute/Person

Type of Place and Activity

140 – 280 Places with a high ceiling, banks, lecture halls, places of worship, large public places, theatres, non-smoking rooms

420 – 560 Cafeterias, shops containing a small restaurant, work places, hospital rooms, restaurants or rooms with medium smoking.

560 – 850 Private work places, office, clinics or rooms with heavy smoking. Technological Specification

Annex 8 of law 4/1994 provides the requirements for natural and induced ventilation and sets the technological specifications according to the following:

a. Natural/General Ventilation

Natural ventilation is suitable for low toxicity solvent fumes but not suitable for neither high toxicity substances, nor pollutants which are irregularly emitted or in large quantities. It is not generally suitable for dealing with dust and fumes. The general ventilation system shall be computed after identifying the volume of evaporated substances and computing the required volume of the air that needs to be moved in order to cause the change of air sufficient for maintaining the concentration of the pollutant substance below the maximum permissible limits. The technical engineering aspects shall be taken into consideration when establishing the ventilation system. A specialized engineer should supervise the execution of this system guided by the recommendations set forth in the following reference book “American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Committee on Ventilation, Industrial Ventilation. A Manual of Recommended Practice, 13th Ed. Aacgih, Lansing, Mi, 1974.

b. Local/Induced Ventilation It is more effective for controlling the different types of pollutants. It consists of a hood, a set of pipes, a purifying equipment to clear the air before its emission outside the location, and a fan to circulate the air. Whatever the design of the hood, the speed of air at the pollution point source must be sufficient to remove it before it is dispersed in the work


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premises. Technical and engineering aspects should be taken in consideration in designing the local ventilation system. Execution of the system must be supervised by a specialized engineer making use of the above mentioned reference for general ventilation. Whenever general and local ventilation systems are used, maintenance should be supervised periodically by a specialized engineer and efficiency should be assessed out during periodic maintenance. Temperature and Humidity

The facility should take all precautions to protect the workers against heat stress (Law 12/2003, article 208). Allowable Limits

The facility should take all precautions to abide by the safe allowable limits for temperature (Law 4/1994, ER 46 and also in Decree 211/2003, article 5).

Table 14: Allowable Limits for Temperatures in the Workplace

Type Of Work Low Air Flow High Air Flow Light Work 30 oC 32.2 oC Medium Work 27.8 oC 30.5 oC Hard Work 26.1 oC 28.9 oC

Table 15: Safe Standards for Heat Stress for Each Working Hour

System of Work and Rest Every Hour

Light Work

Medium Work Hard Work

Continuous work 30 oC 27 oC 25 oC 75 % work, 25% rest 30.5 oC 28 oC 26 oC 50 % work, 50% rest 31.5 oC 29.5 oC 28 oC 25% work, 75% rest 32 oC 31 oC 30 oC

Management Conditions (Decree 211/2003, article 5)

The following mechanisms should be adopted: - Evaluation of the temperature levels in the work environment through periodic measurements. - Provision of appropriate rest areas for workers. - Health awareness for workers & available water with high salinity

Technological Specifications (Decree 211/2003, article 5)

Control environmental factors resulting in high temperatures through: - Installation of industrial process generating high temperature. - Installation of furnaces, boilers, steam pipes and hot material. - Implementation of suitable ventilation. - Take all precautions to reduce the emission of water vapour to the work area and control the humidity.

Illumination

The facility should take all precautions to protect the workers against harmful illumination (Law 12/2003, article 208).

Allowable Limits (Decree 211/article 7) The intensity of illumination should be appropriate to the type of work whether using natural or synthetic illumination according to the following table. Table 16: Allowable Limits for Illumination Intensity

Type of operation Illumination Intensity in candle/ft2 Activities that do not require precision 20 Activities that required moderate precision example assembly of equipment parts

30

Activities required precision such as work on large equipment

50

Activities that required high precision such as assembly of small equipment

100

Activities that absolute precision such as fine metal works.

200


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Technical Specifications (Decree 211/article 7) The following precautions should be taken into consideration:

- All windows and openings should allow the distribution of light. - The light should be homogenous. - The natural light illumination opening should not be less than 1/10 the area of the room.

Mechanical Hazards

The facility should take all precautions to protect the workers against mechanical hazards (Law 12/2003, article 209).

Technological Specifications (Decree 211/2003, article 27) Equipment used at the workplace should be according to specifications and should be equipped with self-protection facilities and be appropriate to the nature and type of work. The mobile parts of the machines should be surrounded with appropriate protection separators. The separators should not prevent the adjustment of the machine.

Safety Conditions (Decree 211/2003, article 27) - The safety instructions should be hanged beside the equipment. - Workers should be protected from the hazards of falling material from automatic handling equipment.

Dynamic Electricity (Decree 211/2003, article 32)

- The facility should take all precautions to protect the workers from high voltage. - All machines operated by electricity should be isolated , safe and suitable to the nature of the work.

Housekeeping

The workplace should be completely clean and free from wastes and viscous material. Moreover, all units should be maintained in order to prevent accident (Decree 211/2003, articles 40,41). The following should be satisfied in the storage of raw materials and products as well as equipment (Decree 211/2003, article 31).

- The storage areas should abide by the specifications issued by the concerned party. - Illustrative sign should be put in storage areas. - Homogeneity of stored material. - Storage piles should not exceed 3m. in height , should be put on wooden basis. Adequate passages should be left. - The width of the allies should not be less than 1.5 min in main shores. - There should be an emergency door in the store - In open shores, the stored material should be covered with fire-proof cover to be put on 15 cm basis.

Occupational Heath (Decree 126/2003)

- The facility should prepare statistics for work injuries, accidents and occupational diseases (article 1). - The facility should inform their directorate of manpower of any accident within 24 hours of its occurrence or any occupational diseases within 48 hours (article 2). - The facility should inform the directorate of the technical results related to the reasons of the accidents and the final estimates for casualties (article 3). - Facilities with more than 15 workers should submitted a semi-annual statistics of accidents, injures and occupational diseases to the directorate (articles 4,5). - Facility should analyze and evaluate the data and use the results to identify needs for protection. (article 6)

First Aid and Health Considerations

- The establishment should provide mechanisms for protection such as first aid, cleanliness and housekeeping (Law 12/2003, article 212). - Facilities should undertake daily inspection in each shift on the work place especially where hazards have been identified (Law 12/2003, article 219) - Every establishment should provide first aid equipment (Law 12/2003, article 220). Regular medical examinations should be undertaken for workers (Law 12/2003, article 219). - The facilities should make available rescuing equipment appropriate to the nature of work and number of workers (Decree 211/2003, articles 38, 39).

Fire Fighting and Protection

The establishment should take all precautions for fire fighting and protection according to the requirement of civil defence and according to the nature of activities of the establishment as well as the physical and chemical properties of used substances (Law 12/2003 article 214, Decree 211/2003, article 2) taking into consideration that:

- All used fire fighting equipment should follow the Egyptian standards - Availability of alarms, protective isolation, spontaneous automatic distinguishers whenever possible - Presence of an emergency electricity source - Presence of emergency exits with signs - Presence of connections for water to be used for fire extinguishing - Preparation of a fire abatement plan


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Registers

The establishment should maintain a register for the monitoring results of the work environment and the exposure of workers to chemicals (Law 12/2003, article 211).

Laws Related to Solid Waste Solid waste storage containers should have the following conditions (Law 38/1967, ER6):

- Be made of a solid metallic material with no pores so as not to allow for leaks - Be appropriate to the volume of the waste - Be continuously cleaned and washed

The solid waste should not be accumulated in walkways (Decree 211, article 2)

Laws Related to Hazardous Substances General Requirements Hazardous Substances Register The establishment should maintain a register for all hazardous substances used. The register should include all data related to each substance (Law 12/2003, article 211). Handling of Hazardous Substances

Permits

The establishment should have a permit for handling of hazardous substances permits are acquired from the competent authority according to the type of the substance. Permits for industrial hazardous substances are acquired from the ministry of industry (law 4/1994, ER 25).

Technological Specifications

a. Hazardous Substances Containers The following specifications should be satisfied in the hazardous substances containers: (Law 4/1994, ER32 and law 12/2003, article 211)

- The type of container in which these substances are placed must be suitable for the type of substance therein, tightly closed and difficult to damage. - The capacity of the container must be easy to lift or transportation without exposing it to damage or harm. - The inner lining of the container must be made of a material that is not affected by storage throughout the period when the substances contained therein are active.

The following information should be written on the container:

- Contents of container, their active substance, and the degree of its concentration. - Total and net weight. - Name of producer, date of production and production number. - Nature of danger and symptoms of toxicity. - First aid procedures to be taken in case of exposure. - Safe method of opening, emptying and using container. - Safe storage method. - Methods of disposal of empty containers.

All the information shall be written in Arabic in a simple style accompanied by diagrams indicating the method of opening, emptying, storing and disposing of the containers as well as by the international symbols for danger and toxicity.

b. Production or Storage Areas (Law 4/1994, ER31)

The site on which such substances are to be produced or stored is selected to satisfy required conditions according to the type and quantity of those substances.

- The design of the buildings inside which hazardous substances are to be produced or stored should conform to the engineering standards to be observed for each type of such substances - The technology and equipment used in the production of such substances shall not result in damage to the establishment, the environment or harm to the staff. - The buildings shall be adequately fitted out with safety, alarm, protection, combat, fire-fighting and first aid systems and equipment

Safety Conditions

- An emergency plan is in place to confront any potential accidents which may occur during handling of such substances - Workers handling such substances are informed of the dangers involved and of the necessary precautions to be taken when handling them, that they are fully aware of all this information and that they have received adequate training in this regard. (Law 4/1994: ER32)


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- The establishment should provide workers with personal protective equipment against chemical hazards when dealing with gaseous, liquid and solid chemicals. (Law 12/2003, article 211, Decree 211/2003, article 34) - Necessary precautions should be made to protect workers during transportation, storage, handling and disposal of chemicals. (Law 12/2003, article 11)

Management Conditions

- The facility should provide their requirements precautions to protect workers during transportation, storage and handling of hazardous material & hazardous waste. (Decree 211/2003, article 31) - Storage of hazardous chemicals should not exceed its threshold of hazardous substance according to the European table (82/50/EEC) (Law 12/2003, article 211, Decree 211/2003, article 34) - The storage should be according to chemical & physical characteristics) of the chemicals taking into considerations the homogeneity of the chemicals and the fire protection precautions. - Facilities should put identification cards and instructions signs in addition to hazardous signs on all chemicals including chemicals names, commercial names, categories of the chemicals, hazardous and first aid procedures. - The facility should evaluate the risks results for the chemical monitor its concentration in air (Decree 211/2003, article 34)

Input Conditions

The facility should select chemicals that reduce risk of hazardous substances (Decree 211/2003, article 34).

Registers (Decree 211/2003, Article 34) Prepare material safety reports on the chemicals including:

- The name of the chemical - Composition and physical properties - Any associated hazards such as toxicity and impact on the environment - Procedures for protection against emergencies - First aid requirements - Storage, transportation and handling requirements - Safe disposal of wastes - Date of the report

Training and Awareness

Workers should be informed of the risk hazardous associated with the use of chemicals through written or oral instructions. They should also be trained on the methods of protection against such hazardous as well as emergency and first aid measures (Law 12/2003, Article 211). Workers should be trained in handling hazardous and carcinogenic chemicals and should be informed of their hazardous effects and the methods of protection (Decree 211/2003, article 36).

Laws Related to Hazardous Waste Management Permit for a Hazardous Waste Handling

Establishments carrying out on-site treatment and/or disposal or off-site transportation, must apply for a hazardous waste handling permit from the competent Ministry7. (Law 4/1994, ER25, ER26). To be granted the permit, the establishment must meet the permitting conditions, encompassing providing detailed information about the types and quantities of the generated waste and the intended procedures for its management.

Management Requirements

Identification of Hazardous Waste Establishments are required to establish complete descriptions of their generated hazardous waste, indicating quantities and composition. (Law 4/1994, ER 28,33)

Hazardous Waste Segregation

- Hazardous waste must be separated at source from other types of non-hazardous waste (Law 4/1994, ER28) - The different types of hazardous waste must not be mixed together in order to avoid any undesired harmful interaction between them. (Law 4/1994, ER28)

On-site Treatment of Hazardous Waste (Law 4/1994, ER28)

- The establishment should obtain a license from the competent ministry. - The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) is to approve the treatment operations, the technical specifications of the treatment units and their operational programs. - The treatment site is to be equipped with the necessary protective and safety requirements prescribed in the labor and occupational health regulations.

7 The control system of permitting of hazardous substances and wastes falls within the scope of work of six lines ministries, namely Ministry of Interior, Agriculture, Industry, Petroleum, Health and Electricity. For industrial facilities, the Ministry of Industry is responsible for the permitting.


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Storage Areas (Law 4/1994, ER28)

- Hazardous waste generated from different activities within the establishment should be properly stored on site prior treatment and/or disposal. - The waste storage areas should be away from public places and should be of adequate size for the waste quantities to be stored. - These areas should be clearly designated and equipped with the necessary safety and protection equipment and an emergency plan should be in place.

Storage Containers (Law 4/1994, ER28)

- Hazardous waste storage containers must be of inert materials which would not react with the waste (Law 4/1994, ER28)) - They should be properly sealed and labeled with clear signs indicating their content, the handling requirements and the associated hazards if improperly handled.

Transportation of Hazardous Waste (Law 4/1994, ER28)

- For hazardous waste transported off-site by the generating establishment, the establishment should obtain HW transportation licenses from the concerned authority. - The establishment is responsible for ensuring that the transported waste is delivered to establishments licensed for hazardous waste treatment and/or disposal. - Records of this delivery are to be kept by the establishment. The generating establishment is also to ensure that vehicles used in transport meet the requirements of the Law.

Registers

Industrial establishments handling hazardous waste are to keep a register of the generated waste, with details of the methods of disposal and the parties who receive this waste. (Law 4/1994, ER33). Box 2 includes a model for the hazardous waste register.

Box2: Hazardous Waste Register

1. Establishment name and address 2. Name of the person responsible for recording the data in the register, and his job title 3. The period of time covered by the current data 4. Special conditions issued by the EEAA for the establishment 5. A statement indicating the types and quantities of hazardous waste resulting from establishment activities 6. Method of disposal thereof 7. The parties with whom a contract is signed to receive this hazardous waste 8. Date on which this form was filled out 9. Signature of the officer in charge

EEAA is competent for following up the register's data to ensure that it is correct.

Training and Awareness (Law 4/1994, ER 31)

The establishments should ensure that the personnel involved in hazardous waste management: - Are aware of the risks associated with improper management of such waste - Receive continuous training on proper handling procedures of the different types of this waste. - Receive environmental awareness programs

Emergency Preparedness The establishment should undertake a risk assessment to identify potential risks and prepare emergency plans to protect the workers and the environment is cases of accidents and emergencies (Law 12/2003, article 215). The plan should be prepared according to the following:

- Evaluation of hazards should be done according to national standards and taking into consideration the maximum production capacity - Periodic review, evaluation and analysis of hazards - Prepare the emergency plan and identification of required capabilities and resources - Periodic training of workers - Simulation of emergencies - Coordination with neighbouring establishments for support - The facility should inform the Ministry of Labour of the emergency plan, and also in case of its modifications or updating of the plan

Annex 3: Job Description of the OHS&E Officer

Job Code OHS&ES Job Title OHS & Environment Specialist


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Department Code: AF&HR Department Name: Administration, Finance & HR Job Summary: Ensure that procedures related to Occupational Health and Safety Environment are properly implemented in the work place & protect the employee from occupational hazards.

Reports to: Administrative Affairs Manager. Personnel directly supervised by position holder: None Duties & Responsibilities:

Maintain liaison with plant and engineering groups to facilitate design and implementation of environmental and safety related projects.

Provide daily field support for all site EHS- related activities. Audit facility for compliance with procedures and identify unsafe practices. Routine interaction with peers from other companies and organizations to respond to

legislative issues. Develop sampling strategies, schedules and conduct surveys for gases and vapors, dusts,

noise, ventilation and heat. Analyze data and develop procedures and policy based on collected data.

Keep top management informed concerning goal attainment as well as problems and trends in industrial hygiene and safety.

Maintain all safety records, monitoring exposure to hazards and generate reports as required. Supervise the process of invalid materials destruction. Inspect and maintain all fire alarm & fire fighting systems and related equipment or devices

to make sure that they are in good condition and ready for use at any time. Develop EHS training program for new employees.

Educational Requirement: B.Sc. Engineering or University degree with training on OHS&E Minimum Practical Experience Required: 3 years Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities:

Good command of Arabic Language Basic computer skills Good communication skills Excellent knowledge of OHS&E laws and regulations.

Annex 4: Model Emergency Management Policy and Procedure 1. Purpose To save life and property by:

• assigning responsibilities for the management of emergencies at the Agency, covering: o emergency and evacuation planning; o response to emergencies; o recovery from emergencies;

• providing the models and guidance required for the Agency premises to prepare adequately for local emergencies;

• putting in place systems for the management of premises-wide emergencies; and • defining the minimum evacuation practice requirements for the Agency building.

2. Scope The following procedure applies to all staff of the Agency and to all emergencies arising:

• on any premises or facility owned, occupied or managed by the Agency; or


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• in the course of, or as a result of, any occupational or Agency-endorsed activity, whatever its location.

3. Definitions "Area": for the implementation of this procedure, each premises of the Agency has been divided in distinct Areas, based on floors and their occupancy. "Area Responsibility": in the context of this procedure, the responsibility for the provision and maintenance of suitable first aid services in each Area of the Agency premises has been assigned to a nominated Division. Nominated Divisions are said to have "Area Responsibility" for these buildings, floors, etc.. "Emergency": means any sudden danger that requires immediate action to prevent severe injury, illness, damage or distress. Examples include:

• uncontrolled fires; • life threatening injuries and illnesses, and the threat of such injuries and illnesses; • serious spillages or releases of dangerous goods.

"Supervisor" and "Manager": in this procedure, these terms cover any employee of the Agency to whom other employees or contractors formally report. They include Senior Managers of the Agency and Heads of Departments or Sections. "Emergency Control Personnel": means any employee of the Agency who has been appointed under this procedure or under the local adaptations of this procedure to the function of the Agency premises. "Emergency Services": means the Fire Fighting and Civil Protection Authority, Police Services, Ambulance and the other Emergency Services. 4. Actions 4.1 Emergency Planning 4.1.1 Local Emergency Instructions Divisions with Area Responsibilities must develop, document and implement a set of Local Emergency Instructions for premises (buildings, areas and activities) they control, as appropriate. These instructions may need to be developed in consultation with other Divisions where relevant. Local Emergency Instructions must:

• address the risks of fire and serious injury (Refer to Incident Management); • identify any other emergency situations relevant to the Area; • list the steps to be followed in each case, including the method to be used to initiate an

evacuation of the building (This may involve manually activating a break-glass alarm, operating a hand-held evacuation siren, verbally instructing people to evacuate, etc.);

• make special provision for the evacuation of people with disabilities, if applicable to the Area; and

• be consistent with the Agency Model Emergency Instructions. 4.1.2 Local Emergency Control Personnel Divisions with Area Responsibilities must appoint Assistants/ Wardens as appropriate, and must identify suitable Designated Assembly Points for evacuations. 4.1.3 Emergency Floor Plans A minimum of one Emergency Floor Plan must be prominently displayed on each floor of each building. Each floor plan must show:

• the name or code of the building and the floor level; • the location of the plan itself (e.g. "You are here") on the floor depicted; • the emergency exits for that floor, the location of fire fighting equipment; • the location of any break-glass alarm; and • the location of any first aid kit.

Immediately adjacent to the floor plan, a one-page summary of the Local Emergency Instructions must be displayed. 4.2 Emergency Instructions (Agency-wide model) 4.2.1 General Emergency Instructions If first at the scene of an emergency, remember the three key steps:

1. Assess the situation for immediate dangers to your safety and take appropriate steps


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2. Alert (a) personnel around you, (b) the appropriate Emergency Services (0-000), and (c) the Area Warden (if applicable)

3. Assist any person in immediate danger if safe to do so 4. Contain or combat the emergency only if safe to do so 5. Evacuate to a safe location (if necessary) 6. Notify the immediate Supervisor/Manager (staff), Designated Contact (contractors and

visitors). Also notify the Senior Managers for incidents that are likely to cause distress to the people involved.

4.2.2 Building Evacuation Instructions All staff, contractors and visitors In case you are instructed to evacuate a building or area either by means of an automatic or manual alarm or by verbal order:

1. make all equipment safe 2. evacuate promptly from the building, closing doors behind you if practical 3. assemble at the Designated Assembly Point for that building or area (see Note 5) 4. report to the Area Warden

When at the Designated Assembly Point: - await further instructions; - do not leave even if the emergency extends beyond normal working hours or into scheduled breaks; - follow all instructions from the Emergency Control Personnel and Emergency Services personnel; and - do not smoke.

Area Assistants/ Wardens (a) Initiate an immediate evacuation of your area in the following cases:

• automatic evacuation alarm (not preceded by a verbal announcement to disregard it); or • instruction to evacuate given by the building Assistants/ Wardens, or by Emergency Services

personnel. (b) Investigate the emergency and decide on the need for evacuation in the following cases:

• verbal report of an emergency by staff, students, visitors, etc; or • other indication of incident or problem.

(c) In case an evacuation is required: 1. follow Local Emergency Instructions to initiate an evacuation (if not already automatically

initiated); 2. ensure that the appropriate Emergency Services have been contacted by phone (dial 0-000

for internal phones or 000 for others), even in case of automatic alarm; 3. conduct a thorough and systematic search of the area you control, advising all people to

evacuate to the Designated Assembly Point; 4. proceed to the Designated Assembly Point; 5. determine whether the Designated Assembly Point is safe and take appropriate action if not; 6. ascertain whether anybody appears to be missing; 7. report to the building Assistant/ Warden (if applicable) or Emergency Services officer-in-

charge the result of your area search and head count; and 8. if necessary, take steps to prevent unauthorized persons from entering the building.

4.2.3 Building Evacuation Instructions In case the evacuation of a whole building or of a significant part of it is required, the building Assistant/ Warden must:

• ensure that the appropriate Emergency Services have been contacted by phone; and • contact each of the Area Assistants/ Wardens concerned.

The Area Assistants/ Wardens must initiate an evacuation in their building in accordance with their Local Emergency Instructions. All other instructions are as above. 4.2.4 Reporting All emergencies must be reported in accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Procedure - Incident Reporting.


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5. Responsibility 5.1 Routine Responsibilities All employees of the Agency must be familiar with the relevant requirements of this procedure. Supervisors/ Managers with Area Responsibilities must ensure that:

• the requirements of this procedure have been implemented and are being maintained in their Area/s;

• the names of Area Assistants/ Wardens, and changes to Warden arrangements, are communicated to the Manager - Occupational Health and Safety Services;

• training (including the induction of new staff) is organized and conducted within their Area/s for the implementation of the Local Emergency Instructions;

• Emergency Floor Plans are kept up-to-date in their Area; • a minimum of one evacuation drill per building per year is conducted in their Area/s, and

details are documented in a report; and • relevant members of their staff are released for Agency-wide emergency training.

The OHS&E Director is responsible for:

• developing and maintaining this procedure and related documents; • developing and conducting training sessions for the implementation of this Agency-wide

procedure for Supervisors, Managers, Health and Safety Representatives, Emergency Control Personnel, and First Aiders;

• providing the initial Emergency Floor Plans; and • advising Supervisors and Managers in the implementation of this procedure.

The Director - Physical Resources is responsible for updating Emergency Floor Plans upon request from the Divisions with Area Responsibilities. The building Health and Safety Teams are responsible for:

• monitoring the development of Local Emergency Instructions within Divisions with Area Responsibilities;

• appointing a building Assistant/ Warden; • ensuring that Emergency Control Personnel have been issued; • organizing a minimum of one whole-building evacuation drill every 2 years in consultation with

local management, and in addition to the building evacuation drills mentioned above; and • monitoring the implementation of the procedure, collecting information from Evacuation Drill

Reports, and reporting yearly to the Agency OHS&E Department on the implementation, with suggestions for improvements.

The– Human Resources' Director is responsible for developing, implementing and maintaining internal procedures for the provision of counseling and related support services for emergencies. 5.2 Emergency Responsibilities During emergencies, the Emergency Control Personnel must assume responsibility for their areas and staff. They follow the instructions given in their Local Emergency Instructions, and those given by Emergency Services personnel. All other staff, contractors and visitors must comply with the instructions given by Emergency Control Personnel and Emergency Services personnel. In case the media seek comments regarding the emergency, staff must refrain from commenting, and must direct enquiries to senior management or to the Public Relations Office. Incident Management 1. Purpose To describe the steps to be taken when confronted with an incident, injury or illness in the Agency. These instructions, to be read in conjunction with the Occupational Health and Safety Procedures - First Aid Services and Emergency Management, aim to:

• comply with common law and community expectations regarding the duty of care owed to injured or sick people;


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• ensure Agency compliance with relevant requirements of Occupational Health and Safety legislation; and

• meet the requirements of the Agency Occupational Health and Safety Policy - Incident and Emergency Management.

2. Scope The following procedure applies to all employees of the Agency involved in any incident (as defined) that takes place:

• in any building or facility or on grounds owned, occupied or managed by the Agency; or • in the course of, or as a result of, any occupational, educational, commercial, or Agency-

endorsed activity, whatever its location. 3. Definitions "Incident": means any unplanned event within the scope of this procedure that causes (or has the potential to cause) an injury or illness and/or damage to equipment, buildings, plant or the natural environment. Incidents range from near-miss incidents to serious incidents and emergencies. "Injury or illness": covers any injury or illness incurred by any person (called "casualty" in this procedure) whilst present on grounds of the Agency or engaged in Agency-endorsed activities. It includes the recurrence or aggravation of any pre-existing injury or illness, and any illness which becomes apparent on Agency grounds, even if unrelated to the Agency. "Agency First Aider": means an employee of the Agency who:

• holds a current level 2 first aid qualification issued by an accredited first aid trainer, or an equivalent qualification as determined by the Manager - Risk, Health & Safety; and

• is included in the OHS Record. "As far as practicable": in this procedure, this expression means practicable having regard to:

• the severity of the injury or illness and the number of casualties; • the availability of Agency First Aiders; • the availability of other trained first aiders, medical or para-medical personnel; • the availability of a next-of-kin, legal guardian, etc of the casualty or casualties; and • the wishes of any casualty or casualties.

4. Actions 4.1 General Procedure In all cases of incident, the priorities that must inform any decision made by staff of the Agency are (listed in decreasing order of importance):

1. to preserve the health and safety of nearby people; 2. to render assistance to casualties, particularly by obtaining help from trained personnel

(Agency First Aiders, Ambulance Officers, etc); 3. to preserve relevant evidence for any investigation; and 4. to report the incident in accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Procedure -

Incident Reporting. For incidents that are likely to cause distress to the people involved, the Agency First Aider or the most senior member of Agency staff present must contact the General Director. 4.2 Specific Procedure - No Injury Incidents (Near-Miss or Material Damage Only) In case of incident that does not cause any injury or illness, staff present at the scene must take all reasonable steps to ensure that the incident does not recur or worsen. Reporting requirements are outlined in the Occupational Health and Safety Procedure - Incident Reporting. 4.3 Specific Procedure - Injuries or Illnesses In case of injury or illness, people present at the scene must organise, as far as practicable, the prompt examination of the casualty(-ies) by a Agency First Aider. If a Agency First Aider is available (case A), the Agency First Aider assumes control of the situation. If no Agency First Aider is available (case B), the most senior Agency employee present at the scene assumes control of the situation. In consultation with the casualty - if conscious (see Notes 1 and 2) - the First Aider or Agency employee will determine the appropriate course of action. The following options would normally be considered (listed broadly in increasing order of severity): (i) making casualties comfortable and allowing them to rest; (ii) allowing casualties to self-administer treatment if they suffer of a diagnosed condition and carry appropriate medication;


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(iii) contacting a next-of-kin or legal guardian to come and assist casualties; (iv) advising casualties that they should seek examination by a medical practitioner; (v) providing first aid treatment (case A), making use if necessary of first aid equipment supplied by the Agency; (vi) transporting casualties to an appropriate medical service for prompt (but non-emergency) attention (see Note 3); and (vii) calling an ambulance (emergencies). Note 1: When consulting with a casualty, any factor thought to impair the casualty's judgment should be taken into account. Such factors include: - disorientation, confusion or embarrassment experienced by the casualty as a result of the incident, the injury, or a medical condition; - immaturity of judgment (e.g. in some children); and - the possible side effects of pharmaceutical substances, or the possible influence of alcohol or drugs. Where a casualty is thought to have an impaired capacity for sound judgment and steadfastly refuses to follow the recommended course of action, reasonable steps shall be taken to protect the person and others against the possible consequences of their actions. These steps may include contacting emergency services against the will of the casualty. Physical coercion should only be used in the most extreme situations and solely in an attempt to protect life and limb. Note 2: In all cases where a casualty is unconscious, an ambulance shall be called, as far as practicable. Note 3: If, in the opinion of the Agency First Aider (case A) or Agency employee (case B), a casualty needs to be transported to an off-campus medical facility for prompt attention and a next-of-kin or legal guardian cannot be contacted, the First Aider or the Manager/Supervisor may organise transport depending on circumstances. Ambulances or Agency vehicles should be used in preference to private vehicles. In general, casualties requiring medical treatment are deemed to be unable to drive safely. In such cases, unless the casualty repeatedly insists on leaving the campus or incident scene by their own means, the most senior Agency employee present will assign a reliable employee to drive the casualty to an appropriate medical facility. Only in exceptional circumstances should a staff member drive a casualty without a third person - usually a Agency First Aider - in the vehicle to monitor the situation and provide any necessary assistance. For every person they attend to, Agency First Aiders must complete an entry into the First Aid Report that should be included in all Agency First Aid Kits. Every 3 months, Agency First Aiders shall provide a copy of the completed First Aid Report forms to the Manager - Risk, Health & Safety. 4.4 Specific Procedure - Death If, following an apparently fatal injury or illness, there is any possibility that the casualty may still be alive, he/she must be treated as in paragraph 4.3 Injuries and Illnesses. In particular, the role of first aiders in such circumstances is to apply appropriate resuscitation techniques until relieved by personnel with higher medical or para-medical qualifications. An ambulance must be called immediately. In case a person dies in an incident or is found dead, the scene of the incident must be preserved except where measures are required to prevent further injuries or illnesses. The Police must be called immediately. 5. Responsibility All employees are responsible for the initial management of the incidents they witness. Agency First Aiders are responsible for the subsequent management and treatment. The Manager - Risk, Health & Safety is responsible for:

• maintaining and updating this procedure as required; • developing, coordinating and delivering the training required by Supervisors, Managers and

Agency First Aiders to fulfil the role assigned to them in this procedure; and • assisting Schools and Directorates in complying with this procedure.

The Director - Student Services is responsible for developing, implementing and maintaining internal procedures for the provision of counselling and other support services for critical incidents.


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Incident and Emergency Management 1. Purpose - To affirm the commitment of the Agency to the planned management of the incidents and

emergencies within the scope of the policy. - To commit resources to the management of such incidents and emergencies.

2. Scope The following policy applies to incidents and emergencies related to any employee, contractor, student or visitor of the Agency:

• whilst present in any premises or facility owned, occupied or managed by the Agency; or • in the course of, or as a result of, any occupational, educational, commercial, or Agency -

endorsed activity, whatever its location. 3. Definitions Incident": means any unplanned event taking place on Agency grounds or somehow related to Agency -endorsed activities that causes (or has the potential to cause) an injury or illness and/or damage to equipment, buildings, plant or the natural environment. Incidents range from near-miss incidents to serious incidents and emergencies. "Emergency": means any sudden danger that requires immediate action to prevent severe injury, illness, damage, loss or distress. Examples include:

• uncontrolled fires; • life-threatening injuries and illnesses, and the threat of such injuries and illnesses; • accidental spillages or releases of dangerous goods.

"Supervisor" and "Manager": in this policy, these terms cover any employee of the Agency to whom other employees formally report. They include Heads of Schools and Heads of Sections. 4. Policy Statement The Agency has determined that the proper management of incidents, injuries, illnesses and emergencies forms an essential element of its health and safety responsibilities. The Agency will:

• develop, publish, and maintain procedures for: o the appropriate treatment of injuries and illnesses; o the prompt reporting and investigation of incidents, injuries and illnesses; o the implementation of corrective actions following incidents; o the management of foreseeable emergencies;

• inform the Agency community of the existence and outlines of the procedures; • develop and conduct training sessions for Supervisors, Managers, Health and Safety

Representatives, Emergency Control Personnel, and First-Aiders; • allocate resources for the implementation of incident, injury and emergency management

measures; • monitor the implementation of the policy and related procedures; and • assign responsibilities in relation to the implementation of this policy and related procedures.

5. Responsibility The Vice-Chancellor of the Agency is ultimately responsible for the policy, and is accountable for the performance of the Agency in relation to this policy. The Vice-Chancellor will ensure specific budget allocations are made for the implementation of appropriate incident and emergency management measures. All employees, contractors, students, and visitors will comply with the relevant requirements of this policy and related procedures. The Manager - Workplace Support will:

• develop, publish and maintain Agency -wide procedures for the implementation of this policy; • develop and conduct training sessions for Supervisors, Managers, Health and Safety

Representatives, Emergency Control Personnel, and First-Aiders; and • advise Supervisors and Managers in implementing the policy and related procedures.

Supervisors and Managers will: • attend training sessions organised in relation to this policy and related procedures;


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• nominate, in consultation with employees, the First-Aiders and Emergency Control Personnel required in their area under procedures related to this policy;

• develop the systems required for the training in the policy and related procedures of employees (including new staff), contractors, students, and visitors under their control; and

• comply with the policy and related procedures. (This requirement may include developing and implementing departmental procedures adapting Agency -wide documents for local conditions.)

Health and Safety Representatives will: • attend training sessions organised in relation to this policy and related procedures; and • assist local Supervisors and Managers in implementing the policy and related procedures in

the area and for the work group they represent. First-Aiders and Emergency Control Personnel will attend training sessions organised in relation to this policy and related procedures. The Agency Health and Safety Policy Committee will monitor the implementation of this policy and related procedures. Incident Reporting 1. Purpose - To ensure compliance with Agency policies and regulatory requirements relating to

the reporting, investigation and correction of incidents. - To collect accurate data for incident and injury prevention.

2. Scope The following procedure applies to incidents related to any employee, contractor or visitor of the Agency:

• whilst present in any building or facility or on any ground owned, occupied or managed by the Agency; or

• in the course of, or as a result of, any occupational, or Agency -endorsed activity, whatever its location.

3. Definitions "Incident": means any unplanned event within the scope of this procedure that causes, or has the potential to cause, an injury or illness and/or damage to equipment, buildings, plant or the natural environment. Incidents range from near-miss incidents to serious incidents and emergencies. "Serious Incident": means an incident which results in-

• the death of any person; or • a person requiring medical treatment within 48 hours of being exposed to a substance; or • a person requiring immediate hospital treatment as an in-patient in a hospital; or • a person requiring immediate medical treatment for-

o amputation; o serious head injury; o serious eye injury; o separation of skin from underlying tissue (for example de-gloving or scalping); o electric shock; o spinal injury; o loss of bodily function; or o serious laceration.

It also includes dangerous occurrences which seriously endanger the lives or the health and safety of people in the immediate vicinity. Such dangerous occurrences include:

• collapse, overturning, failure or malfunction of, or damage to, items of plant such as cranes, scaffolds, boilers etc;

• collapse or failure of an excavation or the shoring support of an excavation; • collapse of a building or structure; • implosion, explosion or fire; • escape, spillage or leakage of substances.

"Injury or illness": covers any injury or illness incurred by any person whilst present on grounds of the Agency, and any illness which is thought to be in some way related to the Agency. It includes the recurrence or aggravation of any pre-existing injury or illness.


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"Very Minor Injury or Illness": means an injury or illness that only causes discomfort or short-term pain, has no lasting effect, has no foreseable potential to worsen, and was caused by trivial and isolated causes. Typical examples include paper cuts, small bumps and bruises, minor scratches, temporary headaches or indispositions, etc. "Agency Contact": means any employee of the Agency who organises or supervises the presence of contractors or visitors on Agency grounds. 4. Actions Employees, students, contractors and visitors must report all incidents (as defined) as soon as possible:

• employees must report incidents to their Supervisor/Manager and Health and Safety Representative;

• contractors and visitors must report them to their Agency Contact; and Supervisors, Managers, Agency Contacts, etc to whom an incident has been reported must: 4.1 Serious Incidents

• During business hours, immediately contact the OHS&E Department; • after hours or if nobody within the OHS&E Department can be contacted, every effort should

be made to contact the Head - Planning, Quality and Review (ext. xxxx) before contacting the Governmental Authority on xxx; and

• send a completed Injury Report to the OHS&E Department within 24 hours of the incident. 4.2 All Injuries and Illnesses other than Very Minor

• Ensure that the injured person has been cared for in accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Procedure - Incident Management;

• advise a member of the OHS&E Department within one working day preferably by faxing Part 1 of the Injury Report to ext. 8020 (or by phone or email) of the basic details of the incident; and

• ensure that an Injury Report is completed, signed and forwarded to the OHS&E Department within five working days of the initial report. (Note: the original, heard-copy report must be sent with all required signatures. Unsigned documents, copies and emailed attachments are not acceptable.)

Note 2: The sequence for completing Injury Report forms is as follows: 1. Initial verbal report by injured person to Supervisor/Manager etc. 2. Supervisor/Manager ensures that part 1 of form is completed, preferably by injured person. If injured/ill person is an employee of the Agency, Supervisor/Manager supplies a copy of Part 1 to OHS team within 1 working day of initial verbal report. 3. Supervisor/Manager investigates circumstances and contributing factors of injury, and recommends corrective actions in part 2 of form. 4. Head of School or Director of Directorate and Health and Safety Representative review parts 1 and 2 of form and amend or endorse proposed corrective actions. Sign, file copy, forward form to OHS team within 5 working days of the initial verbal report. 5. Risk, Health and Safety Department sign part 3 of form for employees and serious injuries to students. Send copy to injured person. 4.3 Very Minor Injuries or Illnesses

• Organise prompt first-aid treatment (if available). 4.3 Near-Miss Incidents with Potential to be Serious

• Complete a Hazard/Near-Miss Report within 2 working days of the initial report. 5. Responsibility All employees, students, contractors and visitors are responsible for the initial report of incidents. Supervisors, Managers, Agency Contacts are responsible for:

• informing their staff, students, contractors and visitors of the need to report incidents promptly;

• ensuring that Injury Report forms are easily accessible to all their staff; and • complying with this procedure for incidents reported to them.


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Heads of Schools and Directors of Directorates are responsible for reviewing the investigations and corrective actions conducted by their Supervisors and Managers. The Manager - Risk, Health and Safety is responsible for:

• maintaining and updating this procedure as required; • publicising the existence of this procedure to the Agency community; • developing and delivering the training required by Supervisors, Managers and Agency

Contacts to fulfil the role assigned to them in this procedure; • assisting Supervisors and Managers in complying with this procedure; • maintaining the Agency's Register of Injuries as required under Workers Compensation

legislation; • assisting in the investigation of serious incidents; and • maintaining the records required by legislation in relation to serious incidents.

First Aid Services 1. Purpose To describe the physical and administrative arrangements to be put in place within the Agency for the delivery of adequate first aid services in case of injury or illness. These arrangements, to be read in conjunction with the OHS Procedures - Incident Management and Emergency Management, aim to:

• comply with common law and community expectations regarding the duty of care owed to injured or sick people;

• ensure Agency compliance with relevant requirements of occupational health and safety legislation; and

• meet the requirements of the Agency Occupational Health and Safety Policy - Incident and Emergency Management.

2. Scope This procedure applies to all Portfolios and the Vice-Chancellor's Office of the Agency. It excludes contractors whose employer is expected to provide the appropriate level of first aid services, in accordance with the Code of Practice "First Aid in the Workplace". 3. Definitions "Area": for the implementation of this procedure, each campus of the Agency has been divided in distinct Areas, based on buildings, floors, and their occupancy. Refer to the Occupational Health and Safety Record - Emergency Area Responsibilities. "Area Responsibility": in the context of this procedure, the responsibility for the provision and maintenance of suitable first aid services in each Area of each area of the Agency has been assigned to a nominated Division. Nominated Divisions are said to have "Area Responsibility" for these buildings, floors, etc... Refer to the Occupational Health and Safety Record - Emergency Area Responsibilities. In cases where an area within a Division organises activities in locations not included in the list of Areas (eg off-building excursions), that area (and by extension the relevant Division) is deemed to have "Area Responsibility" for that activity. "Readily available": in the context of this procedure, Agency First Aiders are deemed to be readily available if they:

• can be easily and reliably contacted; • hold a position that does not frequently cause them to be absent from the area or group they

serve; and • are sufficiently mobile to proceed rapidly to an incident scene that may be some distance

away or some floors away. "Agency First Aider": means an employee of the Agency who:

• holds a current level 2 first aid qualification issued by an accredited first aid trainer, or an equivalent qualification as determined by the Manager - Risk,Health and Safety Services; and

• is included in the Occupational Health and Safety Record - Agency First Aiders. 4. Actions Divisions with Area Responsibilities must conduct assessments of the level of first aid services required in their Area(s). These assessments must be conducted at least yearly and each time organisational changes may impact on the previous assessment. They must be conducted in


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consultation with staff (Health and Safety Representatives in particular), and in accordance with the following method: Step 1: Area Classification Determine first aid classification of each Area using the following guidelines: Class "A": if staff, students or customers in the Area, or in part of the Area, regularly perform any of the following activities or activities that present a similar risk of injury or illness, the Area or the part concerned shall be classified as "A":

• use of powered tools, compressed gases, or workshop machinery; • use of kitchen equipment, stoves, ovens, food processors, blenders etc; • firing of kilns, handling of chemicals classified as "dangerous goods"; • maintenance, testing or repairs of electrical equipment; • field trips and outdoor activities in areas where medical assistance would normally arrive after

2 hours or more. Class "B": if staff or customers in the Area, or in part of the Area, regularly perform any of the following activities or activities that present a similar risk of injury or illness, the Area or the part concerned shall be classified as "B":

• use of non-powered hand tools (screwdrivers, hammers, knives, etc) • physical activities other than those included in class "A"; • excursions, field trips and outdoor activities in urban areas or rural areas where medical

assistance would normally arrive in less than 2 hours; • driving group transport vehicles; or • heavy manual handling.

Class "C": if staff, students or customers in an Area, or in part of the Area, do not regularly perform any of the activities listed under Class "A" and Class "B", and do not regularly perform activities that present a similar risk of injury or illness, the Area or part concerned shall be classified as "C". Step 2: Agency First Aider Numbers Determine, in consultation with the Health and Safety Representative(-s), the appropriate number of Agency First Aiders for the Area. The following guidelines must be used in this process: Class "A": one Agency First Aider readily available for 35 people present at any one time (staff and customers). Class "B": one Agency First Aider readily available for 50 people present at any one time (staff and customers). Class "C": one Agency First Aider readily available for 100 people present at any one time (staff and customers). Note: When determining the appropriate number of Agency First Aiders, consideration must be given to: - absences due to leave or other reasons, and unavailability due to lecturing or other commitments; - the availability of non- Agency First Aiders or medical support (e.g. when visiting public or private organisations); - the geographical spread and possible isolation of people in the Division, Department, sub-unit, excursion groups, etc; and - times outside of normal working hours when staff, students or customers can be expected to be working or using Agency facilities (e.g. Library). Step 3: First Aid Facilities Ensure that first aid kits are provided in the Areas and activities under their control. Minimum numbers of first aid kits per area are the same as the numbers specified for Agency First Aiders, with the additional requirement that a minimum of one first aid kit shall be provided in each building. Special consideration must be given to activities taking place in isolated locations and in multi-storey buildings. Each kit provided in buildings must contain, as a minimum, the basic contents listed in the First Aid Order Form and any additional module (burn or eye) required, as determined by the local Agency First Aider(-s) in consultation with local management and the relevant Health and Safety Representative. Kits must comply with the requirements of the Code of Practice, as listed in First Aid Kits.


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The contents of first aid kits provided for field excursions shall be determined by the Agency First Aider(-s) involved. 5. Responsibility Agency General Manager with Area Responsibilities are responsible for ensuring that the requirements of this procedure are met within the Agency within their Divisions. In particular, they are responsible for:

• ensuring that adequate numbers of Agency First Aiders are appointed and maintained over time in their Area(s) in accordance with the method outlined above;

• communicate the names of the Agency First Aiders, a completed Agency First Aiders - Nomination Form and a copy of their certificate to the Manager - Risk, Health & Safety for inclusion in the Occupational Health and Safety Record - Agency First Aiders (if already suitably qualified) or for training (if not);

• release the Agency First Aiders for training as coordinated by the Risk, Health & Safety Department; and

• pay for the cost of training their staff if applicable. The Manager - Risk, Health & Safety is responsible for:

• maintaining and updating this procedure and related documents as required; • developing, coordinating and delivering, the training required by Supervisors, Managers and

Agency First Aiders to fulfil the role assigned to them in this procedure; • assisting Schools and Directorates in complying with this procedure; and • maintaining the Agency's Occupational Health and Safety Record - Agency First Aiders.

The Agency Nurse is responsible for the Hepatitis B information, prevention and vaccination program for Agency First Aiders on the ………….... Agency First Aiders are responsible for:

• complying with the provisions of the OHS Procedure - Incident Management in case of incident;

• reporting to their Head of Department, or to the General Manager - Risk, Health & Safety, any condition that may prevent them from performing their first aider duties properly and safely;

• attending the training sessions organised for the maintenance and development of their first aid skills;

• regularly (eg monthly) checking the contents and condition of first aid kits in their area and ordering first aid stocks as required, using the First Aid Order Form;

• entering into a Hepatitis B prevention program which may, after proper information and consent, include vaccination; and

• providing documentary evidence of their first aid qualifications upon request. First Aid Report This form must be used in accordance with the Occupational Health and Safety Procedures Incident Management & Incident Reporting Building: …………..…………………………………………………… Area: ………………………………………………………

Date Name of Injured Person

Status of Injured Person

Nature of Injury

Treatment Provided

Further Treatment Advised?

Injured Person's Signature

First Aider's Name

Employee/ Contractor/ Customer/Visitor

□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


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Date Name of Injured Person

Status of Injured Person

Nature of Injury

Treatment Provided

Further Treatment Advised?

Injured Person's Signature

First Aider's Name


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO


□ YES □ NO

Send reports to Manager – OHS every 3 months

Occupational Health and Safety DRAFT GUIDELINES REPORTmof.gov.eg/MOFGallerySource/English/PDF/Annex...

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