OBSTACLE DETECTION AND AVOIDANCE ROBOT USING

ULTRASONIC DETECTOR

Y T KESAVA REDDY 09L01A04B4V JAGAN KUMAR 09L01A04B1M MANOJ KUMAR 08L01A0492

What Is “Robotics”?

The word robotics is used to collectively define a field in engineering that covers the mimicking of various human characteristics.

It must be able to perform certain tasks we set for it.

The desired task must be achieved within some given limitations.

It may be human controlled or automatic.

Why Robotics?

Mobile robots perform various ways of tasks to serve humans.

No human guidance is required. This sort of project is very much useful in

the industries where the automated supervision is required

What is ‘Obstacle avoidance’?

• A Path Describing The Purpose Of This Type Robot

. OUR ROBOT:-

• In this project our robot senses any obstacle in its path, avoids it and resumes its running

• Involves the pre-computation of an obstacle-free path which a controller guides the robot

COMPONENTS:-

• IR Sensor(Transmitter and receiver)• Microcontroller• Driver IC • Motor

IR Sensor:-

• (IR) sensors based on reflected amplitude of the surrounding objects

• Non-linear and depends on the reflectance characteristics of the object surface

• IR sensors able to accurately measure distances with reduced response times

IR Sensor:- Types:

• ACTIVE INFRARED SENSORS• Beam Sensors• Reflectance Sensors

. IR Transmitter and reciever

Mainly used to generate IR signal Uses timer IC555 in astable multivibrator

mode to generate square wave Continuous pulses of 50% duty cycle of

frequency 38 KHz

IR Sensor:- Application:

Widely used for distance measurement purposes

Surface feature detection Barcode decoding As a tracking system

Microcontroller lpc2148

Driver(L293D)

The L293D is a quadruple half H-bridge bidirectional motor driver IC

Can drive current of up to 600mA with voltage range of 4.5 to 36 volts

Drive small DC-Geared motors, bipolar stepper motor

Obstacle Avoidance/Detection Algorithm.

Case1: No obstacles(3 sensors are deactivated)

Case 2 :Obstacle detected on right side: Case 3: Obstacle on the Left side Case 4: Obstacle in front of the robot

Applications:-

The modification of this logic has been specially designed for vacuum cleaner.

Just by making small changes in software this system can be used for avoiding concealed paths.

With proper programming we can use it as a weight lifter, auto parking assistance.

FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS & FUTURE SCOPE

Adding a Camera. Use as a fire fighting robot

References:-

www.google.co.inwww.wikipedia.comwww.fadooengineers.comwww.slideshare.comwww.mycollegeproject

Thank you

Y T kesava reddy 09l01a04b4

V jagan kumar 09l01a04b1

M manoj kumar 08l01a0492