ObjectivesObjectives 1.A definition of the term group as used in the context of management 2.A...
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Transcript of ObjectivesObjectives 1.A definition of the term group as used in the context of management 2.A...
ObjectivesObjectivesObjectivesObjectives1.A definition of the term group as used in the context of management
2.A thorough understanding of the difference between formal and informal groups
3.Knowledge of the types of formal groups that exist in organizations
4.An understanding of how managers can determine which groups exist in an organization
5.An appreciation for what teams are and how to manage them
GroupsGroupsGroupsGroupsGroup is any number of people who:
(1) interact with one another
(2) are psychologically aware of one another
(3) perceive themselves to be a group
Why managers should study groups:
1. Exist in all kinds of organizations
2. Form in all facets of organizational existence
3. Cause either desirable or undesirable consequences
4. Raise the probability of causing desirable consequences
Kinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsFormal Groups
Examples of Formal GroupsCommittees
Reasons for establishing committees:1. Allow organization members to exchange ideas
2. Generate suggestions and recommendations
3. Develop new ideas for solving existing organizational problems
4. Assist in the development of organizational policies
Why Managers Should Use Committees Improve quality of decision making Encourage expression of honest opinions Increase members’ participation in decision making Ensure representation of important groups in decision-making process
Kinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in Organizations
Kinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsFormal Groups
Examples of Formal Groups Committees
What Makes Committees Successful Procedural Steps
Define goals clearly, preferably in writing Specify authority Determine optimum size Select chairperson Appoint permanent secretary Distribute agenda and support material before meeting Start meetings on time and announce ending time at outset
People-Oriented Guidelines. Rephrasing ideas already expressed Bringing all members into active participation Stimulating further thought by members
Kinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsFormal Groups
Examples of Formal GroupsWork Teams
Special-Purpose and Self-Managed Teams
Stages of Formal Group DevelopmentThe Acceptance StageThe Communication and Decision-Making StageThe Group Solidarity StageThe Group Control Stage
Members function as a unit Members participate effectively in group effort Members are oriented toward a single goal Members have equipment, tools, and skills necessary to attain goals Members exchange suggestions, opinions, and information
Kinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsKinds of Groups in OrganizationsInformal Groups
Kinds of Informal Groups
Interest groups
Friendship groups
Benefits of Informal Group Membership
1. Perpetuation of social and cultural values
2. Status and social satisfaction
3. Increased ease of communication
4. Increased desirability of the overall work environment
TeamsTeamsTeamsTeamsGroups Versus Teams
Group consists of any number of people who:Interact with one anotherAre psychologically aware of one anotherThink of themselves as a group
Team is a group whose members:Influence one another toward the accomplishment of objective(s)
Types of Teams in OrganizationsProblem-Solving Teams
Self-Managed Teams
Cross-Functional Teams
Stage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team Development
Stage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStages of Team Development
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Adjourning
Stage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentTeam Effectiveness
People-related steps:
1. Trying to make the team’s work satisfying
2. Developing mutual trust among team members andbetween the team and management
3. Building good communication
4. Minimizing unresolved conflicts and power struggles within the team
5. Dealing effectively with threats toward and within the team
6. Building the perception that the jobs of team members are secure
Stage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team Development
Stage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentTeam Effectiveness
Organization-related steps:
1. Building a stable overall structure team members view as secure
2. Becoming involved in team events anddemonstrating interest in team progress and functioning
3. Properly rewarding and recognizing teams for accomplishments
4. Setting stable goals and priorities for the team
Stage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentStage of Team DevelopmentTeam Effectiveness
Task-related steps:
1. Developing clear objectives, directions, and project plans for the team
2. Providing proper technical direction and leadership for the team
3. Establishing autonomy for team and challenging work within the team
4. Appointing experienced and qualified team personnel
5. Encouraging team involvement
6. Building visibility within the organization for the team’s work