ObjectivesDescribe the function of the cell

nucleus

Describe the function of the major cell organelles

Describe the function of the cell wall

Describe the theory of Endosymbiosis

CytoskeletonThe cytoskeleton is a network of

protein filaments that help the cell maintain its shape

This also is involved in movementPrinciple protein filaments are:

MicrofilamentsMicrotubules

MicrofilamentsMicrofilaments:

Are made of the protein actin

Help the cell maintain its shape

Help cells movePseudopods are

temporary projections of eukaryotic cells

Microtubules Microtubules:

Important in cell division

Spindle fibers are bundles of microtubules that help move the chromosomes during cell division

In Animal cells centrioles located near the nucleus help in cell division

Cilia & FlagellaCilia & Flagella

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Cytoskeleton is also used as a means of mobility. This unicellular algae have extensions of flagella that are anchored in the cell membrane.

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Cilia

Connection: How does cilia help with the surface area issue? What is the cilia used for here in the trachea?

NucleusNuclear matrix helps it maintain its

shape

Control center or brain of the cell

Nuclear envelope surrounds the nucleus

The chromatin inside the nucleus condenses prior to cell division to form chromosomes

Small openings called nuclear pores allow RNA to pass from the nucleus to the cytosol

NucleolusNucleolusWhere ribosomes are Where ribosomes are

mademade

Tour of an Animal Cell .mov

Plant CellsPlant cells can have

three structures that animal cells do notCell wallsVacuolesPlastids

Cell WallCell WallAll cells are surrounded by a thin, All cells are surrounded by a thin,

flexible membraneflexible membrane

Plant cells also have a Plant cells also have a cell wallcell wall surrounding the membranesurrounding the membrane

PlastidsPlastids• Some store starch or fats, others Some store starch or fats, others

contain pigmentscontain pigments

Most common type is the chloroplastMost common type is the chloroplast

Surrounded by two membranes and Surrounded by two membranes and have their own DNAhave their own DNA

Capture energy from the sun and convert it Capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy… into chemical energy… PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesis

Tour of a Plant Cell .mov

EndosymbiosisEndosymbiosis is a

hypothesis that states mitochondria and chloroplast were originally prokaryotes and that a symbiotic relationship evolved

Comparing Animal Cells to Plant

Cells

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Similarities between Similarities between plant cells and animal plant cells and animal

cellscells

Both have a cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm

Both have a nucleus

Both contain mitochondria

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Differences between Differences between plant cells and animal plant cells and animal

cellscells

Animal cells Plant cells

Relatively smaller in size

Irregular Shape

No cell wall

Relatively larger in size

Regular shape

Cell wall present

ReviewDescribe the function of the cell

nucleusThe nucleus contains most of the

cells DNA and with it the codes instructions for making proteins and other important molecules

Describe the function of the major cell organellesNucleolus- where the assembly of

ribosomes begins

Review…Chloroplast- capture energy from

the sun and convert it into chemical energy (food)

Cytoskeleton- helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in movement

Vacuoles- take up space and provide storage

Review…Describe the function of the cell

wallProvide support and protection for

the cell

Describe the theory of EndosymbiosisEndosymbiosis is a hypothesis that

states mitochondria and chloroplast were originally prokaryotes and that a symbiotic relationship evolved