Objectives 6.05-6.06:Components of Architectural Drawings

Architectural drawings• Drawings that contain information about the

size, shape, and location of all parts of a house.

Prints• A copy of architectural drawings• In the past, white lines on blue background hence the name “blueprint”• Drawings today are dark lines on light color paper.

Plot or Site Plan• The plot plan shows property lines and how a

structure fits on a plot of land.

Foundation/Basement Plan• This plan lays out the details for the footings,

columns, foundation walls, and support beams.

Floor Plan• Shows size and arrangement of rooms, hallways,

doors, windows, and storage.

Section Drawing/View• The view of the inside of a house through an

imaginary “cross-section” cut.

Detail view• An enlargement of a specific construction feature. This view helps show

exactly how certain parts connect together.

Electrical Plans• Shows where the electrical outlets, switches,

doorbells, phone jacks, etc. are to be located.

Climate Control Plans (HVAC Drawings)• Shows the location of the heating, cooling,

humidification, dehumidification and air cleaning equipment.

Specifications• A list of the exact materials needed in the

construction of a specific building.

Elevation

• An elevation is a drawing that shows width and height• Each elevation is labeled in relation

to the compass direction it faces, e.g. the north elevation is the side that most closely faces north.

Exterior elevation• A set of scale drawings, usually 4, showing all

sides of the house.

Interior elevation• A scale drawing that shows the view of one

interior wall of a house.

Renderings• A drawing, usually with color, to show a realistic

view of a building or room• Different types of renderings are…….

Pencil Renderings

• Quickest rendering to produce• Usually done with a soft-lead

pencil• Can smear or smudge over

time.

9H

8H

7H

6H

5H

4H

3H

2H H F H

B B 2B

3B 4B 5B 6

B7B 8B 9B

Hardest → Medium → Softest

Ink Renderings

• Make good quality prints

• Allow for uniform line widths

• Take more time to complete than a pencil rendering

• Are more permanent and therefore store well for long periods of time.

Felt-tip Renderings

• Produce colorful, dramatic renderings• May be combined with ink to add details.

Watercolor Rendering• Gives a realistic appearance to the

presentation• Difficult technique that may require formal art

training.

One and Two Point Perspective

• One-point perspective – shows what is seen when the viewer looks directly at the opposite wall

• Two-point perspective – when an individual wants to see two exterior walls on a building where a corner appears close and the sides extend from these corners.

Model

• A three-dimensional miniature of a design that provides a view from different angles and various lighting conditions.