The New Mass Culture-Read p. 683-688 for comprehension

-You are responsible for objectives in this section

Objectives…

Summarize how movies & other vehicles of mass culture created a new national community.

Describe how the new media of communication reshaped American culture in the 1920s.

Currently….. What are modern forms of

media?

Currently… How does modern media

influnece your life?

#7-11) Describe how each of the following elements of mass media redefines the norms of American

Social norms… A belief or value that is common to

members of a particular culture. Social norms are often referred to as “the way we do things around here”

and are the standards for appropriate social behaviors. The

established norms within a society maybe reflected in dress, language

and social habits culture.

The Roaring 20s

Movies, radio, journalism, recordings, advertising & celebrities created a new

national community.

The movie industry…

• Reorganizes in Hollywood…• Large studios:

- Paramount; Fox; MGM; Universal; Warner Brothers

• The three functions of the studio system…

Production, distribution & exhibition

The movie industry…

New themes for movies…

- Consumer culture, youthfulness, athleticism

- Types…

- Musicals; Gangster films; Westerns; Comedies

“TALKIES”end the silent era

in1927

The Jazz Singer starring

Al Jolson

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PIaj7FNHnjQ

Greta Garbo – Flesh and the Devil

(1927)

Douglas FairbanksThe Mark of Zorro

Mary Pickford“America’s Sweet

Heart”http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FtrUdqvOBVY

Clara Bowhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAxLbXTZdnU

Charlie Chaplin “The Little Tramp”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoKbDNY0Zwg

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E97ytcgrTvs&p=61135CF040B791A8&playnext=1&index=8

Rudolph Valentino The Sheik

Many Americans, particularly in rural areas and small towns, worried about Hollywood's impact

on….

7) Summarize how motion pictures

redefined the norms of American society

Radio Broadcasting

In the early 1920s, radio was used to promote

newspapers, with news being

read from the papers that

sponsored time on the radio.

Radio Broadcasting

Who paid for radio programs at first and how did it change?...

What was America listening to on the radio?

Radio Broadcasting“The wireless”

KDKA in Pittsburgh, PA was the first radio station.

Households with Radios 1920-30

1920…. 20,0001922…. 60,000 1924…. 1,250,000 1926…. 4,500,000 1928…. 8,000,000 1930…. 13,750,000

• 1930

• 600 stations

• 40% of America with a radio

The giants of radio broadcasting…

• General Electric (GE)• Westinghouse• Radio Corp of America (RCA)• American Telephone & Telegraph

(AT&T)• National Broadcast Comp. (NBC)• Columbia Broadcast Comp. (CBS)

Radio’s first national hit…

8) Summarize how commercial radio broadcasting redefined

the norms of American society

New Forms of JournalismTabloid Newspapers… - New York Daily News

- LA Daily News - Denver Rocky Mountain News

The differences between tabloids & other newspapers…

New Forms of Journalism

•Tabloid topics…

•Tabloid readers…

Sensationalism in tabloid journalism:

The Ruth Snyder execution in 1928…

  Ruth Snyder, a Long Island housewife, convinced her lover that her husband was abusing her. The pair murdered him and their trial was a media frenzy. They were quickly found guilty and executed.

A photographer from the NY Daily News, had a camera strapped to his ankle, and

took picture of her at the moment of death. The paper sold 250,000 extra copies.

4) Summarize how tabloid journalism

redefined the norms of American society

Advertising ModernityNew techniques affecting advertising…

Shifts in advertising…

Product examples…

Advertising in the 1920s

• The focus “Needs, desires and anxieties”

• Appeals to… “Nature, medical authority, personal freedom, vanity, physical & emotional wellbeing”

Jan, 1923 - McClure's Magazine

Script:

NEW Kissproof the waterproof rouge...in a

startling jade green case.

New! Different! Exquisitely modern! Daintily thin! Never before has a

Compact Rouge been offered in such a strikingly original case! Luxurious

gold and brilliant jade green! An Exclusive Compact Rouge for

Particular Women--yet costs but 50c! And its genuine Kissproof!

Jan, 1923 - McClure's Magazine

Script: “The Supreme

Achievement in Electric Washing Machines”

Advertising Modern

The focus “Needs,

desires and anxieties”

10) Summarize how advertising redefined

the norms of American society

The Phonograph & Record Industry

The most popular types of music in the 1920s…

The Phonograph &Record Industry

Records transformpopular culture

1921: 100 million in record sales

The Phonograph & Record Industry

What regional markets were developed?

Louis Armstrong

1901-1971

11) Summarize how the record industry redefined

the norms of American society

Sports Heroes

&

Celebrities

Objective…

Summarize the significance of sport and celebrity in the 1920s?

Babe Ruth “The Sultan of Swat”

1927- 60 HRs

Who was George Herman Ruth and how did he affect the game

of baseball?

The Negro Leagues

The Negro Leagues• The NL played 11 World Series • Biggest black sports attraction in the US• East – West All-Star game…

Josh Gibson

• Led NL in HRs for 10 years• 75 HRs in 1931• 585 ft. HR at Yankee Stadium• Elected to MLB Hall of Fame in

1972

Satchel Paige

• Pitcher 1926-1950• 1971 Hall of Fame• Age 59, pitched 3 innings

for the A's -oldest man to pitch in MLB

Charles Lindbergh1927 -The Spirit of St. Louis lands in Paris

• 1920 - First to fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean• NY to Paris in 33 ½ hours• A magnetic compass & air speed indicator to guide• 100,000 greet him in Paris

Amelila Earhart• 1928 1st woman

(passenger) to cross Atlantic

-20 hrs. 40 min.

• 1932 solo flight across Atlantic

• 1937 disappears trying to fly around world

Gertrude Ederle

In 1926, at the age of 19, Ederle swam 35 miles across in the English

channel in 14 hrs 39 min.

"People said women couldn't swim the Channel but I proved they could" --

Ederle

Boxing:Jack

Dempsey

Heavyweight Champ

1919-1926

Tennis:Bill Tilden

“Battling Bill”

Golf: Bobby Jones Considered the greatest amateur golfer

of modern times.

Red Grange “The Galloping Ghost”

• 1924 - Illinois v. Michigan…

-First 5 carries & 5 TDs

-First sport figure with manager

Johnny Weissmuller "Greatest Aquatic Star ever produced in America"

• 1924-28 Olympic Swimmer & Water Polo Player

• 5 gold medals

• 1 bronze (Polo)

1932-1938 he stars in 12 Tarzan films

Explain how the image of the flapper embodied the changing values and attitudes of young women in the 1920s. Identify the characteristics of a flapper.

Objective….

Women at the turn of the century

Women in the 1920s

Flappers

What are the social and fashion

characteristics that define a flapper.

Flapper

Flappers

1920 Hair styles

January, 1923

How is the style of the

1920s reflected in

this magazine cover?

A New Morality13) What was the image of the flapper

and what was she in reality?

What promoted

the image of the

flapper?

What was the

double standard

applied to

women?

Anti-Flapper LawsUtah - Fine or imprisonment for

wearing skirts higher than 3”above the ankle

Virginia - Woman can’t wear shirts or evening gowns displaying more than 3” of throat

Ohio - No neckline more than 2” in depth & no garment composed of any transparent material to be sold

Women being arrested in 1922 for wearing revealing bathing suits…

A New Morality

14) In what way was she (Flapper) a continuation from an earlier period and in what way was she new?

15) What sources were responsible for a more open treatment of sexuality in the 1920s?

16) What do sociological surveys from the time suggest?

The uniqueness of the flapper was that certain already existing cultural elements became normal for:

A) Big city, upper class, women

B) Minority women

C) White middle–class women

D) Small isolated rural areas

E) White, poor, rural women

Whether shopping, watching the movies, listening to radio or reading a newspaper, consumers in the 1920s were exposed to more things that

A) Reflected local or regional qualities.

B) Set them apart from the new immigrants.

C) Were produced for a national market.

D) Challenged them intellectually.