Objectives 1.What paparazzi is all about 2.How others perceive paparazzi 3.Impacts of the paparazzi...
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Transcript of Objectives 1.What paparazzi is all about 2.How others perceive paparazzi 3.Impacts of the paparazzi...
Objectives1. What paparazzi is all about2. How others perceive paparazzi3. Impacts of the paparazzi work 4. The risks and costs of paparazzi
Definition Aggressive photographers Federico Fellini’s 1959 film La Dolce Vita Italian meaning: flashbulb popping gnat Photographers in tabloids Stigmas:
Infringe privacy Immoral Cold blooded
Intensification of Stigma Since the death of Princess Diana in
1997 Vacationing with Mr. al-Fayed Pursued by 9 photographers on
motorcycles
Japanese Journalists
Methodology●Objective: Find out the career of
paparazzi
●Both qualitative and quantitative research methods are adopted
●To balance the advantages and disadvantages of the research methods
Methodology●Totally six qualitative interviews
were conductedMore effective for this complicated
topic and generally producing fewer incomplete questionnaires.
MethodologyA face to face interview was conducted
respectively on:●27th March 2004 with an existing paparazzi who
works for Sudden Weekly for five years
●27th March 2004 with an existing paparazzi who works for Monday for two years
●3rd April 2004 with a paparazzi team leader who works for Oriental Sunday for twenty years
●4th April 2004 with a breaking-news reporter who works for Oriental Daily for four years
●4th April 2004 with a breaking news reporter who works for Apple Daily for eight years
●7th April 2004 with ex-paparazzi who worked for Sing Tao Daily
Methodology●Questionnaire survey was conducted
from 10th April to 13th April 2004 aims at finding the general perception
of people towards paparazzi. It is appropriate for making
descriptive studies of a larger population and the survey data may be used for explanatory purposes (Babbie, 2001).
MethodologyWith the purpose of gathering the
general perception towards paparazzi, there are three pools of population.
University students Housewives
Career professionals
MethodologyTheir age range is from 20 to 45. The gender differences of the
university students and career professionals are minimized.
There are 15 male and 15 female respondents in the university student group;
& 17 male and 13 female respondents in the career professional group.
Methodology100 questionnaires including closed-
ended and opened-ended questions were conducted on the street level
Response rate is 90% and 90 out of them were valid
Overall response rate is one guide to the representativeness of the sample respondents. A high response rate indicates a less chance of significant response bias (Babbie, 2001).
Nature of Work
● Follow the celebrities
● Patrol in different districts
● Station in airport or hotels or outside their homesTo uncover their secrets or hidden lives
●Responsible for taking photos
●Content: determined by editors or other writers
Entry Requirements●Basic skills needed:
●Able to drive●Able to use camera
●Advantageous characteristics:●Young●Energetic●Pro-active●Cheerful●Flexible●Good communication skills●High sensitivity
Entry Requirements●Academic qualification
● Tertiary education
●Lower requirement
●Physical strength●Stronger body
●Good physical fitness
●no. of male > no. of female
Entry Requirements●Public’s opinions:
●Patient
●Persistent
●Physically strong學生
15%
20%
17%
8%
4%
13%
8%
6%
6%
3%
好体力 耐性 面皮厚反應快 有創意 識影相不易放棄 有觸覺 有車牌記性好
專業人仕
18%
19%
13%
4%
2%
17%
8%
3%
13%
3%
好体力 耐性 面皮厚反應快 有創意 識影相不易放棄 有觸覺 有車牌記性好
家庭主婦
16%19%
20%
3%
1%
6%7%14%
10%
4%
好体力 耐性 面皮厚反應快 有創意 識影相不易放棄 有觸覺 有車牌記性好
Earning Capacity
●Determined by market demand and supply
●Past:●Higher
●Maximum: $70,000
●Present:●Lower
●$7,000- $10,000
●Monthly award schemes
Career Path Paparazzi
Photographer Assistant
Photographer/Paparazzi
Photographic Supervisor
Soft news
Performances and experiences
Laid off/resignJournalists responsible for writing report
Sources of Job SatisfactionReported the truthHelp gaining public interestPromotionRemuneration and bonusAppreciation
Comments towards Paparazzi●Most public’s comments negative
●Bold-faced●Unrelenting●Dishonest●Non-professional ●Report false information
●Advices for Paparazzi:●Obligated to ethnic of journalist●Respect rights of privacy●Not to create unreal stories●Behave decently●Be less aggressive
Chaos in Living Pattern Major duty Follow the target day and
night Irregular hours of work
No fixed time for meals or rest Little time spent with families and friends
Adversely affect both physical and psychological health
Tension and Stress
Stress of Paparazzi = Stress of other Journalists?
Definitely NOT!Definitely NOT!
Stress from Family and Friends Only 50% of respondents support their
friends or family members to be Paparazzi
18
12
024
68
1012
1416
18
會 不會
學生
1416
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
會 不會
專業人仕
9
21
02468
10121416182022
會 不會
家庭主婦
Stress from General PublicPublic’s negative comments and
criticism on Paparazzo’s actConsidered as non-professional and
immoral
101 200 3
13
6
3
5
10
5
10
5
15
6
3
6
5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1 專業 2 3 4 一般 5 6 7 不專 業
學生 家庭主婦 專業人仕
專業程度
001 112
111
10
2
5
10
4
7
6
7
13
2
15
1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1合符道德 2 3 4一般 5 6 不合符道 7德
學生 家庭主婦 專業人仕
道德程度
Stress from ColleaguesDiscriminated by other journalists
who consider themselves are:
●Professional
●Carry out moral and meaningful duties
Paparazzi: Lower entry requirement Inferior to others
Stress from WorkStrictly Follow the orders and
instructions of editors or their supervisors
Meet the requirements and goals In a risk of losing a job if not able to
accomplish the task
Ethical DilemmasAlmost 90% of respondents
consider Paparazzi as immoralPublic condemnation VS Job
duty
Public condemnation VS
Market demand你對那類型的報導最感興趣 ? (請順序列出感興趣新聞報道 1,2,3)
10
10
4
4
9
5
4
4
7
5
3
7
2
2
2
12
2
4
02
0010
5
10
15
20
25專業人仕" "第三感興趣第二感興趣最感興趣
32
6
212
100 123
13
11
9
5
9
9
0105
4
1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35 學生" "第三感興趣第二感興趣最感興趣
4
9
2
200 4
11
2
3
3
7
13
6
7
4
14
100303
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 家庭主婦" "第三感興趣第二感興趣最感興趣
Public condemnation VS
Public interest
57%
43%
是 否
43%
57%
是 否
40%
60%
是 否
學生 家庭主婦 專業人士
你認為這種採訪手法是否需要?
Risk & Cost1. Violence2. Critical Decision: Moral or Duty?3. Traffic Accidents: Fine, Marks
Deduction and Life Risk4. Long working hours: Hunger and Sleepless5. Legal responsibility
Risk & Cost-violenceExample: Cecilia Cheung Date: 19th April, 2004 Time: In the afternoon Place: Tsim Sha Tsui Suffer: Two Paparazzi were hit while waiting outside a building for Cecilia Cheung
Risk & Cost2. Critical Decision: Moral or Duty?
●Take photos or give help in Emergency?
●A woman jumps from a building:Take photos or Persuade her to
come down?
Risk & Cost-Critical Decision: Moral or Duty
Example: Edison Chan Date: 15th March, 2004 Time: In the afternoon Place: Central Suffer: Edison Chan complained that two paparazzi kept on taking photos while he was hit by two strangers
Risk & Cost3. Traffic Accidents:
Fine, Marks Deduction & Life Risk
●Fine and Marks Deduction for overdrive
●Risk lives when driving too fast
Risk & Cost- Traffic Accidents: Fine, Marks Deduction & Life Risk
Example: Princess Diana & Dodi Fayed
Date: 31st August, 1997 Time: At night Place: Paris Suffer: Diana and Dodi died in the traffic accident
4. Legal Responsibility Responsibilities born by Paparazzi
themselves and the Magazines/ Newspaper and the public
Risk & Cost
你認為誰或 0那個部門要對不道德的採訪方法承擔責任?
000 100 00
5 4
3
3
6
5
5
12
12
7
7
10
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
學生 家庭主婦 專業人士
010 1
10111
130
5
6
3
12
8
12
10
10
14
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
學生 家庭主婦 專業人士
2
5
3
100 2
4
5
6
9
0
7
5
4
7
4
7
5
3
11
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
學生 家庭主婦 專業人士
狗仔隊 該報館總編 大眾
Risk & Cost- Legal Responsibility Is it necessary to set up a department to
monitor the press? ●Freedom of Press?
67%
33%
應該 不應該
63%
37%
應該 不應該
30%
70%
應該 不應該
學生 家庭主婦 專業人士
Risk & Cost5. Long working hours:
Hunger and Sleepless
●Paparazzi trace a target 24 hours a day
●Afraid to get lost from the target
●No time to eat and sleep or go to Toilet
●Suffer from Hunger & Sleepless
What We Have Learnt?
Analytical skills Importance of Initiative,
Self-motivation and Teamwork
Group Work Is Fun Interviewing skills
More insights in viewing career
Conclusion Aim of this research:
To examine the work of paparazzi in Hong Kong
This paper has analyzed 3 main dimensions: Background Occupational influences Risk and cost
Conclusion
Usually, paparazzi are seemed to be an exciting and interesting job.
However, there are quite a number of occupational stress, ethics dilemmas, disordered living pattern, risk and cost which influence the career lives of them.
Conclusion It is shown that unlike what the public
perception towards this career, the depressing image of paparazzi somehow is exaggerated.
The public generally share a negative views towards the work of paparazzi.
ConclusionLimitations:Though this research paper may not
be representative enough Time and the size of population are the
constraints It has failed to scrutinize every details
of the career and the poll of survey is limited to 3 groups of people
Conclusion Through the above illustration, this paper
shows another picture about the work of paparazzi under the general perception of the public Raise people awareness of the issue of
paparazzi. People could critically evaluate if the
image of paparazzi is just perceived by the public with exaggeration
Conclusion The six interviews and the survey show
two different sides to view the career of paparazzi
Sources of information: Internet, newspaper clippings, interviews & a small-scale survey
Further study is recommended in examining the public deception towards undercover agents
What We Have Learnt?
Analytical skills Importance of
Initiative, Self-motivation and
Teamwork Group Work Is Fun Interviewing skills
More insights in viewing career
Presented by:Chan Sze Yan, CecilyChang Sze Man, JessChiu Kai Yee, CrystalChiu Lok Kwan, NatalieNgo Hiu Ka, JoyceWong Kit Ying, Gloria