Objective Forestry For All Competitive Examination

2nd Edition

K.T. Parthiban S. Vennila

S. Umesh Kanna P. Durairasu

Forest College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University

Mettupalayam - 641 301

An imprint of Scientific Publishers (India)

Published by: Competition Tutor

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© 2015, Authors

First Print : 2015 Second Print : 2016

An imprint of Scientific Publishers (India) All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced, adapted, abridged, translated, stored in a retrieval system, computer system, photographic or other systems or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written prior permission from the author and the publishers. Disclaimer: Whereas every effort has been made to avoid errors and omissions, this publication is being sold on the understanding that neither the author nor the publishers nor the printers would be liable in any manner to any person either for an error or for an omission in this publication, or for any action to be taken on the basis of this work. Any inadvertent discrepancy noted may be brought to the attention of the publishers, for rectifying it in future editions, if published.

ISBN: 978-81-7233-939-5 eISBN: 978-93-86347-70-1

Printed in India

Preface

The success of any Professionals lies with the factor of assured employment in Government, non government and industrial sectors. The growing number of Professionals from multifarious organizations, have created significant competition among the graduates of various subjects. Forestry subject is of no exception. Being a narrow science, but offered almost several SAUs distributed across the country, it has created large number of Forestry Graduates. This resulted in competition and compelled the Forestry Graduates to acquire upto-date information in their subject for getting successful induction in public and private sectors. For being successful, one must be thorough in each and every aspects of the subject which demand a comprehensive book to resolve the issues.

Many competitive examinations conducted by state and central government organizations particularly TNPSC, UPSC and ICAR examinations are predominantly conducted through objective and subjective systems. For subjective examination wide range of books are available for the use by all competitors. However, for objective type examination, it is only very few books which again have not compiled the readymade information for each and every aspect of the subject. The voluminous of the subject often pose and threat to the examination which resulted in consuming more time and cost in search of the relevant materials.

Against this back drop, the first edition on Objective Forestry was conceived and published to benefit the forestry graduates who are preparing for the examinations like State Service Examination (Ranger, ACFs), UPSC (Preliminary exams), ARS (JRF, SRF and Scientist) and Bank exams., etc. This question bank incorporated several facets of Forest subjects extensively, which included Silviculture, Forest Mensuration, Forest Management, Forest Utilization, Wood Science and Technology, Forest Botany, Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Tree Physiology, Soil Science, Forest Microbiology, Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology, Wildlife, Ecology and Environment, Forest Laws and Policies and other additional and related informations on forestry.

The first edition on Objective Forestry has received wider attraction from all levels of stake holders. Many readers have indicated and suggested useful

corrections in the first edition. The authors profusely thank all the readers of the book. The authors specially thank Dr. P.S. Chauhan and Mohit Hussain of College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalawar (Rajasthan) and the faculty members of Forest College and Research Institute, TNAU for critically suggesting the corrections in the first edition of the book. The authors have taken enough care to carry out the corrections and also included a brief write-up cum technical notes for every chapter in their second edition which will benefit the readers of the book. Extending useful and constructive criticism and suggestion are most welcome for augmenting the contents and scope of publication in the future editions.

Authors

Contents

1. Silviculture 1-58

Key Points 1

Multiple Choice Questions 9

Answersheet 56

2. Agroforestry 59-73

Key Points 59

Multiple Choice Questions 60

Answersheet 73

3. Forest Mensuration 74-95

Key Points 74

Multiple Choice Questions 79

Answersheet 94

4. Forest Management 96-114

Key Points 96

Multiple Choice Questions 101

Answersheet 113

5. Forest Utilization 115-127

Key Points 115

Multiple Choice Questions 117

Answersheet 127

6. Wood Science and Technology 128-140

Key Points 128

Multiple Choice Questions 130

Answersheet 140

7. Forest Botany 141-160

Key Points 141

Multiple Choice Questions 147

Answersheet 160

8. Tree Seed Technology 161-169

Key Points 161

Multiple Choice Questions 163

Answersheet 169

9. Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding 170-209

Key Points 170

Multiple Choice Questions 177

Answersheet 208

10. Physiology 210-218

Key Points 210

Multiple Choice Questions 211

Answersheet 218

11. Soil Science 219-229

Key Points 219

Multiple Choice Questions 223

Answersheet 229

12. Forest Microbiology 230-247

Key Points 230

Multiple Choice Questions 232

Answersheet 247

13. Forest Ecology and Environment 248-277

Key Points 248

Multiple Choice Questions 251

Answersheet 276

14. Wildlife 278-285

Key Points 278

Mulitple Choice Questions 280

Answersheet

285

15. Forest Entomology 286-300

Key Points 286

Multiple Choice Questions 290

Answersheet 299

16. Forest Pathology 301-314

Key Points 301

Multiple Choice Questions 308

Answersheet 314

17. Forest Law and Policy 315-319

Key Points 315

Multiple Choice Questions 316

Answersheet 319

18. Forest Economics and Marketing 320-334

Key Points 320

Multiple Choice Questions 321

Answersheet 333

19. Additional Information on Forestry 335-363