Objective 4.04: Describe the suitability of materials for use in technological design: Electrical...
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Transcript of Objective 4.04: Describe the suitability of materials for use in technological design: Electrical...
Objective 4.04: Describe the suitability of materials for use in technological design:
Electrical conductivity Density
MagnetismSolubility
Malleability
Physical PropertyProperty—any factor that can be used
identify and describe matterHelps for deciding the uses of various
materials for technologyPhysical property—observable and
measureable characteristic without changing the identity of the substance Ex Mass, volume, color, hardness, and phase Every substance has its own unique properties
Chemical PropertyChemical property—how the matter will
change under certain conditions, this characteristic is unique to substancesAbility to burn, rust, react to light, or react
with acids are chemical properties of matterOpen the link below to check your
understanding of physical vs. chemical properties…click on Run The Module to get it started
http://vital.cs.ohiou.edu/?page_id=161
Review from YesterdayZigzag line divides the table into metalloids,
metals, and nonmetals
Malleable and DuctileMalleable—able to be hammered and shaped
and rolled into thin sheets like foil Ductile—able to be stretched or drawn into
wires without breaking
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tiwires.com
MagnetismMagnetism—attraction(moving towards) or
repulsion (moving away) between like or unlike poles—iron, cobalt, and nickel are strong magnets
www.ohiomagnetics.com
Electricity and HeatConductor—a material or substance
electricity or heat easily flows throughInsulators—a material that electricity or heat
doesn’t easily flow through—rubber, wood, plastic, glass
Semiconductor—a material that has conductive properties that are variable—these can be useful for carrying electricity under certain conditions
DensityDensity—density=mass/volume certain
substances have a specific density
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Solubility Solubility—measure of how much of a
substance can dissolve in a certain amount of another substanceCarbon dioxide will dissolve more in water
than oxygen, that’s why it is used in sodas
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On page 12 in your notebookWrite the heading Discussion QuestionsAnswer discussion questions 1-4, which can
be located in your notes….If you don’t have your notes then find the
Chemistry Unit Notes located on my website under the chemistry tab
Identify substances based on characteristic physical properties:
DensityBoiling/Melting points
SolubilityChemical reactivity
Specific heat
TemperatureTemperature is a physical property
Temperature that a substance melts or boils is specific for the that substance
Temperature ReviewMelting Point Boiling PointMelting point—the
temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid i.e water 0CRecall the melting point
for your element
Boiling point—the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas i.e. water 100CRecall the boiling point
for your element
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/hotplate/index.html
Specific HeatSpecific heat—the amount of heat needed
to raise 1 gram (1 g) of a substance by 1 degree Celsius The unit of specific heat is joules per gram per
degree Celsius (J/g C)Used to compare how different substances
absorb heat
Specific Heat• Which of the
following has the lowest specific heat?
• Which of the following has the highest specific heat?
Substance Specific Heat (J/g C)
Water (liquid)
4.18
Ethanol 2.44Water (solid) 2.06Aluminum 0.897Lead 0.129