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Transcript of OAS-UNODC cooperation in implementing in the Americas the UN Survey on Crime Trends MISPA II, Santo...
![Page 1: OAS-UNODC cooperation in implementing in the Americas the UN Survey on Crime Trends MISPA II, Santo Domingo 4-5 Nov 2009 Angela MeJose Manuel Martinez.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062417/5514deab550346b0478b5649/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
OAS-UNODC cooperation in implementing in the Americas the UN Survey on Crime TrendsMISPA II, Santo Domingo 4-5 Nov 2009
Angela Me Jose Manuel MartinezChief, Survey and Statistics Section Representative DPA Regional Office Panama
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Why do we need crime and criminal justice statistics?
To develop targeted policies
To monitor the impact, effectiveness, efficiency of policies and programmes
Evidence-based policy making
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Why do we need crime and criminal justice statistics?
National level
• Crime is no longer uniform in its distribution and no longer “predictable”
• In many countries crime today is characterized by “hotspots”
• National trends may hide large differences which need different policy responses
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Why do we need crime and criminal justice statistics?
An example well-known decrease in violent crime in the US in past years
• Sprinfield, MA (population: 152,644): - 16.6% violent crime between 2005-2006
• Jackson, MS (population: 177,334)+ 44.2% violent crime between 2005-2006
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Why do we need crime and criminal justice statistics?
National policy makers need to be more agile, using statistics, research and informed observation to understand and respond to ongoing challenges
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Why do we need crime and criminal justice statistics?
International level
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Internally: How are we doing?Externally: What countries offer the safest environment? What countries need more assistance?
To compare with other countries/regions
Source: UNODC International Homicide Statistics
0 20 40 60 80 100
ParaguayThailand
El SalvadorGeorgia
NicaraguaUnited States of AmericaBosnia and Herzegovina
IrelandHong Kong Special Administrative …
CanadaArmenia
ItalyBelize
KyrgyzstanTurkmenistan
UkraineSpain
SlovakiaTurkeySerbia
Czech RepublicMauritius
AlgeriaNew Zealand
PolandLithuania
AzerbaijanAustria
MongoliaSlovenia
GermanyBelarus
JapanMorocco
Republic of MoldovaFinland
ScotlandDenmarkMonaco
Singapore
% cases solved by police
% Intentional Homicide Cases Solved
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To inform International Policy Making
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To better understand the dynamics of crime
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
World Bank RoL Index, 2004
IHS
Inte
nti
on
al h
om
icid
e r
ate
, 20
04
Source: UNODC
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To better understand the dynamics of crime
Source: UNODC
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The evidence at international level is possible with an international data collection system
0
50
100
150
200
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Basis: 1995 = 100
Intentional homicide (14 countries)
Robbery (15 countries)
Burglary (10 countries)
Drug-related crime (14 countries)
Automobile theft (14 countries)
0
50
100
150
200
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Basis: 1995 = 100
Intentional homicide (14 countries)
Robbery (15 countries)
Burglary (10 countries)
Drug-related crime (14 countries)
Automobile theft (14 countries)
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Not a new idea……
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The United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems (UN-CTS)
UNCCPCJ asked for a review
Resolution sponsored by Argentina
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Regional Partnership UNODC-OAS in monitoring Crime in
the region
• Developing a regional monitoring system for the American States
• Core (CTS) + region-specific indicators • No duplications, no overburdening of
countries • An international data collection
system which is closer to countries
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Revision of the CTS according to the resolution
• Inter-governmental meeting to finalize the content of CTS and core indicators hosted by Argentina (February 2010)
• The Region is in a leading position
CTS includes only administrative statistics
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Source: International Crime Victim Survey (ICVS)
5552
46
37
2926 24
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
NorthAmerica
Australia WesternEurope
Africa Central-EasternEurope
Asia LatinAmerica
% victims who reported crimes to the police
Average percentage of crimes reported to the police in different world regions
Studying crime requires more than statistics on reported crimes
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Figure reproduced from Trends in Crime and Justice 2005
Countries with high victimization rates very often do not rank high in police recorded crime and viceversa
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More needs to be done at national and international level to collect and analyze statistics on victimization
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More specific UNODC contributions to knowledge
and action in the region
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Evidence-based programme development
“Crime, Violence and Development:
Trends, Costs, and Policy Options in the Caribbean” (UNODC and WB, 2007)
“Crime and Development in Central America” (UNODC and IDB, 2007)
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SANTO DOMINGO Pact/ SICA-UNODC MANAGUA Mechanism
ADAM Legal Assistance
ConsultativeMechanism
Centres of Excellence
Network ofProsecutors
Network ofNational Strategic
Analysts
Focal Points forExpertise & Training
Donors
Central America Caribbean
International Organizations
(UNODC, CARICOM, SICA,OAS etc.)
Experts,Policy Makers
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Centres of excellence - mandateManagua Conference: Centers of Excellence
• 1). Research and generation of regional expertise providing the following services.
• 2). Capacity-building through training and provision of technical equipment.
• 3). Information sharing and cooperation.
1Belize, Corruption2Honduras, (to be defined)3Costa Rica, (to be defined)1Dominican Republic,
Prison Reform2Nicaragua, Community Policing
1El Salvador, Urban Crime2Panama, Maritime Security3Guatemala, Organized Crime
Stage 1 Aug.-Cct. 09
Stage 2 Nov.-dic. 09
Stage 3 1st S 2010
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South Cone and Andean Region Historic UNODC activities in the
Andean Region
UNODC will soon start developing a regional programme for Argentine, Brazil, Chile , Paraguay, Uruguay
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For more information:http://www.unodc.org
/
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
RM00083T