O14 Belbahri
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Molecular taxonomy of recently described Phytophthora and Pythium
Dr. Lassaad Belbahri
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Declining Polish forests
Alnus glutinosa, Kolo, Poland.
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Direct PCR, DNA barcoding
Collaboration with FASTERIS SA (Geneva)
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Single tube nested PCR for sensitive detection of oomycetes
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ARISA Analysis of oomycete infectedRhododendron leaves
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ITS rDNA PCR Amplification of oomycetecommunity from soil DNA
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ARISA analysis of oomycete community
from soil DNA
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Evolution rate of new species discovery duringtime
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Genomic assisted Phylogeny in the genus Phytophthora
Blair et al. (2007) Fungal Genetics and Biology 45 266-277
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Morphological description : Ph. polonica
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Morphological description: Py. recalcitrans
Hypha and hyphal swellings Appressoria
Antheridia Oospore
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Phylogenetic analysis of Phytophthora spp.
Phylogenetic analysis based on four concatenated genes (ß-tubuline, EF1-α, NADH1 and COX1), induced by Maximum Likelihood (PhyML)
Ph. sylvatica sp. nov
Ph. hungarica sp. nov
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Phylogenetic analysis of Pythium spp.
Unrootedphylogenetic analysis based on Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 induced by Bayesian Inference (MrBayes v.3.1.2)
Py.bore
ale
Py.que
rcum
Py.ostr
acodes
Py.oedochilum
Py.sterilum
Py.chamaehyphon
Py.helicoides
Py.cucurbitacearum
Py.indigoferae
Py.vexans
Py.nunn
Py.orthogonon
Py.acanthophoron
Py.perplexumPy.buismaniaePy.polymastumPy.uncinulatumPy.mastophorumPy.cylindrosporum
Py.irregularePy.spiculumPy.mamillatumPy.kunmingense
Py.spinosum
Py.acrogynum
Py.hypogynum
Py.echinulatum
Py.erinaceum
Py.radiosum
Py.violae
Py.iwagamai
Py.paddicum
Py.okanoganenseCBS315.81
Py.okanoganenseCBS701.83
Py.heterothallicum
Py.glomeratum
Py.splendens
Py.u lti m
umvar.sp orangii fe rum
Py.ultim
umvar.ultim
umP
y.insidiosumPy.aphaniderm
atumPy.deliense
Py.a
dhae
rens
Py.p
orph
yrae
Py.c
hond
ricol
a
Py.m
onos
perm
um
Py.a
quat
ile
Py.pa
chyc
aule
Py.colo
ratum
Py.luta
rium
Py.marin
um
Py.diss
otocumPy.diclinum
Py.flevoensePy.volutumPy.angustatumPy.catenulatumPy.torulosumPy.folliculosum
Py.conidiophorumPy.salpingophorum
Py.tracheiphilum
Py.myriotylum
Py.zingiberis
Py.scleroteichum
Py.dissimile
Py.sulcatum
Py.plurisporum
Py.graminicola
Py.periilum
Py.inflatum
Py.pyrilobum
Py.vanterpoolii
Py.aristosporum
Py.arrhenomanes
Py.acanthicumPy.periplocum
Py.amasculinum
Py.hydnosporumPy.oligandrumPy.anandrumPy.prolatum
Py.helicandrumP
y.dimorphum
Py.undulatum
Py.sylvaticum
Py.debaryanum
Py.attrantheridium
Py.intermedium
Py.macrosporum
Py.paroecandrum
Pythium quercum
Pythium sterilum
Pythium spiculum
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Towards a redefinition of oomycete genera
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Ph. hedraiandra
Ph. hedraiandra, a species with high hybridization potential spreading on multiple hosts.
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Ph. ramorum detection by real time PCR
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Ph. alni detection by real time PCR
Ph. alni subsp. alni
Ph. alni subsp. multiformis
Ph. alni subsp. uniformis
Ph. alni subsp. alni
Ph. alni subsp. multiformis
Ph. alni subsp. alni
Ph. alni subsp. uniformis
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Detection of Py. spp. and Ph. spp. by microarray
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Ph. ramorum, tissue colonization
P. ramorum in Rhododendron cortex tissue, chlamydospores
with white-yellowautofluorescence in cortex of necrotic Rhododendron stem
Tissue of infected Rhododendron leaves with Ph. ramorum structures, hyphae with zoosporangia growing out of stomata on discoloredleaf surface (vital staining with FUN® 1, Molecular Probes), zoospore production is induced, when infectedleaves were moistened and kept at lowtemperatures (7°C)
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Ph. ramorum, Genetic transformation
Transgenic Ph. ramorum strain BBA26/02-4: CLSM micrographs indicating GFP expression in germinating cysts. Left: transmission imageRight: GFP signals
Transgenic Ph. ramorum strain BBA9/95_6G: CLSM micrographs showing GFP expression in protoplasm of zoosporangia and hyphae, yellow signals: natural Ph. ramorum autofluorescencein some hyphae, sporangium wall, base and pedicel, GFP signals were amplified with AlexaFluor 488®labelled anti GFP antibodies (Molecular Probes)
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Genomic organisation of virulence factorsin oomycete genomes
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Evolutionary lines of oomycete virulence factors
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Outlook
Diversity of oomycete species using non culture based techniques
Reinforcing environmental monitoring tools (Molecular toolbox)
Evolutionary history of main virulence factors
Linking genetic phylogeny to morphology
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Special Thanks To:
Steve WoodwardEduardo MoralejoEnrique DescalsJozef Bakonyi
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Thanks for your attention