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'II

(U) THE DEVEL4PSM~ UF ImE.WCNS FUR

C.) PSYCHOEOICAL WARARE

by

"Frederick N. OhItzand Hallark M.Cord

October 19a4L NI&Uo. o&U:a U V ownifiS.. WS $Wkft. Of itS -p.. LON.(?A*U is, U.SC.. a. I? au 11W"1. W.

4 ifS..... aw ft..4U.. iof .6l6 I. S"MAWl byI Imlil.- lflI

W D Directorate of Armamnt DevedofmetDet 4, Resarc imnd Technology DvIsin,

Air Forec Syptems CoroandEglin Air Force Base, Florida

Downgraded at 3 year intervalq eDeclassified after IZ yars.J

L Reproduced From ."Best Available Copy \/

W TZCZ: Wbe Cove rument or oither dsavtngs, @peel-flcazlocs or c~tbhr data are used for any purpoe.other t~.am in conn~ection vith a definltel~y relatedgovernment Drocur.s-t 04=tnu, the U. a.Ooveramwnt thereby in&urs ne responsibility, nor anyoblg4atioa whatsoever, and the feet that the fioverm-an% my have fozadated, f'uznished, or in any wayetipp~led the eei4 dxewinos, pecifications, or otherdata It not to be regarded Iy implication or other-visa as Ir. &&* newr iv~Ueaejng the buldor or another perscu or corporatton, or conveying any rightsor periacison to muwfacture, use or e.eU anypatented invention that may in acy way be relatedthereto.

NMZCE:

'SD~r6UT CWTAIRS INFOWIU4TOR

Arn=Wx THE XA=MiAL MFZMIS OF

TIM MEAM STATES WITUN T9 WUAX-

IN( THE ZSROKACE LAWiS, TTMZ 18,

U.Ar4., IZN~ 91, and 794 20

TPAXSKZSOX OR TRC flZVELATZON OF

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AND CLEARED FOR PUBLIC RELEASEUNDER coD DiRECTiVE 5200.20 AM)4O RESTRICTIONS ARE IMPOSED UPON

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Do not return this cop:-. Wlien nut needed, Jestroy In accordance with perti.nent securi, ,'egulat icns.

ul THE DEVEWIPMET OF WEAPrINS FORPSVHOWOGICAL WARFARE

by

Frederick W. Obttzand Nallnck 4cCord

Tb. -mod -L.". d -fit blow m Smim" UJCm tw.. YU oll43tk

Mb .4 UA.C.. U . m a" mi.

" F" GIROUP.-4* Downgraded at 3 year intervals;

Declasified after 12 years.

I r" .. , ?aI ~ '"

.o 7

II

FOREWORD

These studies were performed over a one year period. Theliteiatare search on phctic flicker and auditory stimuli wasper-.ormed by Frederick W. Cbltz, who also wrote the Introduc-tion. the Laboratory Exper.nents, and the Conclusions and Rpc-o~mendations of this report. Hallack McCord performed theliterature search on aijgesti" snd wrot. tle Group Experi-ments portion of the study. Williao Orr developed the psycho-motor compen~atory tracking system and designed the instrumen-tat',on circuitry. Davil Metcalf interpreted the EG tracincs.Harry Arens contribut.d to the li -.rature aearch on photicflicker and 'uqqestion, mnd he ano Irwin Marlin conducted theexploratory studies reorta" in Appendix 11 under the Irving-ton Lab heading.

Apprec*ation for the leadership and support ot Arthur M.Krill. President of Falcon Research and Developmn|.t Company,should certainly be expressed.

This report. was prepared by the Falcon Research and Developent Company,DerA-e,, Cceler.dn under Coutract No. AF 08('635)-365, ProJect No. 29!'. Themee.sivrpt Wm cospleted in Aust 19a.

S"I

W I

.1

COKFDLTIAL .U3STR.T

The purpose for this research was to irnvestigate the potan-tial of flickering light, sound, ane suggestion, singly and incombination, for i.se in psycnological weaponry. A search ofthe pertinent literature w~s peofcrmed foLl--wed by individualand group experimentation&. The results cbtained demonstratethat potential exists for the use of photic flicker as a weapon.Suggestion was effective in the laboratory but ineffective withmilitary groups in an unemotionsl setting. Further experimen-tation with photic fliLcer sin.;Iy and in cenbination with sug-gestion is warranted. Recomsen.'ations for further specific re-search are provided.

This wepon. ha beeo reviawed snd is approved for publication.

S -4 DAVM K. DoAColosel, USAFGalore Weaons Division

Fi4iI;g.w

-- A" -A - Z -- .----- ---- - ~-- ~ a -

S~NFIDENTIAL

.6TABLE OF CO)NTENTS

fale

Introduction ................. . ..... 1

Literature Survey ............. .................... 2

Photic Flicker ................ .... ................ 2

Auditory Stimuli .............. ................... 9

suggestion ....................................... 12

Laboratory Fxperimentation ........ . ..... ......... .. X9

Method .............. .......................... 19

Result............................. . . . . . . 22

Discussion ....................... ..... 28 I

Group Experimentation ......... ..................... 31

Procedure......... . . . . ........ . 31

Subjects. . . . ................. . . . . . . . . . . 33

Results and Discussion ..... ............. ... 33

Conclusions &nd Recomendations ............. 35

Sibliograchy . . .............. . . . . . .. 39

Appendi I - Compcnsatory Trackinq Task System ......... 1-i

Appendix It - Exploratory Experimentation . . . . . . . . 11-1

Denver Laboratory Stdies ... ...... ....... . -

Irvingto