NYC is the Next Venture Capitol v2 0 - WordPress.com · 2014-03-08 · ! 2!!!!!...

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1 NYC is the Next Venture Capitol David Aronoff General Partner, Flybridge Capitol Partners March 2014 This post is not about comparing Silicon Valley to NYC. That’s tired. Silicon Valley is the gold standard, sure, but there’s no “next Silicon Valley.” It’s a one and only, unique and special place. Instead, this post is about NYC and its potential to become, in its own right and with a different flavor, a unique and special place to build multi billiondollar startups. This is the question we posed to our own investors about the NYC tech economy in light of the explosion of startup activity over the past few years and our own decision in 2012 to dedicate half of Flybridge’s staff and resources to the city i And rather than take a qualitative approach to this question as has been done before, we conducted a datadriven analysis, a summary of which I present below. First, to frame the evaluation, it’s important to get the prevailing criticisms of the NY tech scene on the table: We lack talent, particularly technical resources. It is just too expensive to live and to build a startup in New York City. Seed rounds are easy to get funded in NY, but followon rounds are difficult. We're deficient in terms of big exits and content to sell companies early. And finally, NYC is strong in traditional sectors like AdTech, FinTech, Fashion or Media, and nothing else. While at one point there may have been truth to each of these points, they are simply no longer accurate. To address these topics in some detail, we’ve constructed the following graphic as a summary of the “state” of NYC’s startup ecosystem and why we conclude the city is on the rise as an important venture capital center: i To be clear, we remain great fans of Boston as well and its ability to create more unicorns in the future.

Transcript of NYC is the Next Venture Capitol v2 0 - WordPress.com · 2014-03-08 · ! 2!!!!!...

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NYC  is  the  Next  Venture  Capitol    David  Aronoff  General  Partner,  Flybridge  Capitol  Partners  March  2014      This  post  is  not  about  comparing  Silicon  Valley  to  NYC.    That’s  tired.    Silicon  Valley  is  the  gold  standard,  sure,  but  there’s  no  “next  Silicon  Valley.”    It’s  a  one  and  only,  unique  and  special  place.  Instead,  this  post  is  about  NYC  and  its  potential  to  become,  in  its  own  right  and  with  a  different  flavor,  a  unique  and  special  place  to  build  multi  billion-­‐dollar  startups.    This  is  the  question  we  posed  to  our  own  investors  about  the  NYC  tech  economy  in  light  of  the  explosion  of  startup  activity  over  the  past  few  years  and  our  own  decision  in  2012  to  dedicate  half  of  Flybridge’s  staff  and  resources  to  the  cityi    And  rather  than  take  a  qualitative  approach  to  this  question  as  has  been  done  before,  we  conducted  a  data-­‐driven  analysis,  a  summary  of  which  I  present  below.      First,  to  frame  the  evaluation,  it’s  important  to  get  the  prevailing  criticisms  of  the  NY  tech  scene  on  the  table:    

• We  lack  talent,  particularly  technical  resources.    • It  is  just  too  expensive  to  live  and  to  build  a  startup  in  New  York  City.  • Seed  rounds  are  easy  to  get  funded  in  NY,  but  follow-­‐on  rounds  are  difficult.      • We're  deficient  in  terms  of  big  exits  and  content  to  sell  companies  early.    • And  finally,  NYC  is  strong  in  traditional  sectors  like  AdTech,  FinTech,  Fashion  

or  Media,  and  nothing  else.      While  at  one  point  there  may  have  been  truth  to  each  of  these  points,  they  are  simply  no  longer  accurate.  To  address  these  topics  in  some  detail,  we’ve  constructed  the  following  graphic  as  a  summary  of  the  “state”  of  NYC’s  startup  ecosystem  and  why  we  conclude  the  city  is  on  the  rise  as  an  important  venture  capital  center:                

                                                                                                               i  To  be  clear,  we  remain  great  fans  of  Boston  as  well  and  its  ability  to  create  more  unicorns  in  the  future.  

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 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627  Talent    New  York  City  has  always  been  a  magnet  for  talented  people,  but  in  the  past  decade  it  has  become  a  lure  for  the  technorati.  There  are  more  than  260,000  people  employed  full-­‐time  in  tech  companies  here  –  more  than  150,000  in  highly-­‐skilled  roles,  with  more  than  26,000  of  these  jobs  added  since  2007  -­‐  including  the  effect  of  the  recession.  Additionally,  NY  is  the  top  destination  for  graduating  seniors  from  the  top  5  universities  in  the  country;  the  global  capital  for  women  entrepreneurs,  and  the  top  US  city  for  H1B  visas  granted  in  the  last  cycle.      In  addition  to  being  a  tremendous  draw  for  talent  from  the  outside,  one  of  Mayor  Bloomberg’s  great  legacies  is  in  helping  us  grow  the  next  generation  of  entrepreneurial  leaders  from  within.    With  groundbreaking  initiatives  such  as  Applied  Sciences  NY,  in  a  just  few  years  we'll  double  the  annual  number  of  masters-­‐level  engineers  graduated  in  the  city  to  more  than  5,500.  Moreover  these  graduates  will  be  educated  with  a  strong  entrepreneurial  curriculum.  The  innovative  New  York  City  Foundation  for  Computer  Science  Education,  which  is  driving  the  long-­‐term  goal  of  computer  science  education  for  the  city’s  more  than  1.1  million  public  school  students,  over  time  will  provide  our  businesses  with  a  technically  skilled  and  locally  sourced  workforce.    Costs    

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And  what  about  costs?  There's  no  denying  that  NY  is  expensive,  but  when  compared  to  Silicon  Valley  and  San  Francisco,  it  turns  out  that  rent  and  salaries  are  actually  lower;  rents  in  New  York  City  are  lower  by  roughly  19%28  and,  according  to  both  Glassdoor  and  AngelList,  the  cost  of  engineering  salaries  are  between  5-­‐  7%  lower  in  NYC  than  in  the  Valley29.      This  attraction  has  not  been  lost  on  the  giants  of  the  tech  sector,  with  many  of  them,  like  Google  with  more  than  1,500  engineers,  making  significant  commitments  to  long-­‐term  employment  in  the  city.  This  phenomenon  is  critical  to  our  ecosystem  because  their  presence  signifies  the  importance  of  our  region  in  the  tech  world  and  because  Google  and  other  established  tech  companies  provide  a  safety  net  for  startup  executives  concerned  about  alternatives  should  their  companies  fail.    Estimating  “employment  capacity”  based  upon  office  square  footage  taken  by  some  of  the  larger  players,  we  reckon  Google,  Yahoo,  Facebook  and  Amazon  alone  appear  to  have  capacity  for  more  than  4000  employees.    In  addition  to  our  homegrown  entrepreneurs,  many  of  these  people  will  eventually  leave  to  start  their  own  businesses  and  continue  the  entrepreneurial  cycle.      Funding    You  cannot  accurately  assess  where  NYC  stands  relative  to  startup  financing  without  pulling  the  lens  back  to  see  where  we  are  in  the  natural  gestation  cycle  of  startup  companies  of  this  era.  Consider  the  traditional  startup  lifecycle  funnel  –      

   There  are  inputs  in  terms  of  financings,  the  natural  loss  of  companies  that  fail,  and  exits  in  terms  of  M&A  and  IPOs.  It’s  important  to  note  that  according  to  SEC  filings,  

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VC-­‐backed  tech  companies  that  have  gone  public  in  the  past  two  years  were  on  average  9.5  years  old.      Looking  at  VC  investments  in  the  NY  region  over  the  past  dozen  years,  a  pattern  emerges  suggesting  that  the  current  generation  of  startup  investing  began  around  late  2005  or  early  2006.  By  this  point  in  time,  the  excesses  of  the  Internet  bubble  of  2000  had  largely  been  drained  from  the  system  and  after  five  years  of  negative  or  no  growth,  venture  investing  nationally  had  returned  to  an  upswing30.  3Q-­‐4Q  2005  represents  the  low  point  in  total  number  of  financings  and  total  dollars  raised  over  the  past  decade31.          

   Additionally,  beginning  in  2005,  the  seed  phenomenon  in  NYC  started  in  earnest,  a  trajectory  that,  when  normalizing  for  the  recession  of  2008-­‐09,  has  seen  consistent  growth  year  over  year.  It  was  around  this  time  that  venture  firms  such  as  Union  Square  Ventures  and  Greycroft  were  founded  and/or  made  their  first  investments.  During  this  period,  important  companies  such  as  Yodle,  Vidyo,  Etsy,  Indeed,  Second  Market  and  Yext  were  founded.        When  you  consider  the  growth  of  NYC  as  a  funding  target  for  venture  firms,  NYC  has  emerged  as  number  2  or  3  in  the  US,  but  more  important,  we're  the  fastest  growing  region  over  the  past  decade  for  financings32.      

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       So  going  back  to  the  funnel  analogy  and  focusing  on  NYC,  we  observe  great  health  at  every  stage  since  2006:      

• More  than  $13.5B  in  venture  financings  in  more  than  2,700  transactions33.  • More  than  800  M&A  transactions,  including  solid  exits  between  $50M  and  

$1B  in  the  past  two  years.  Notable  companies  include  Admeld,  Buddy  Media,  indeed,  MakerBot,  tumblr,  among  many  others34.  

• Critically,  we're  seeing  the  surge  of  very  strong  companies  toward  IPO  in  the  $B+  range,  such  as  AppNexus,  mongdoDB  and  ZocDoc.  

• NYC  accounted  for  7  or  9.3%  of  the  total  number  of  US  VC-­‐backed  IPOs  for  201335.  Additionally,  Shutterstock,  the  most  the  successful  of  2013  NYC  tech  IPOs  was  not  VC-­‐backed,  stands  with  a  market  cap  of  nearly  $2.7b.    

 Sectors    It  is  certainly  true  we  have  stars  in  what  are  considered  NYC's  traditional  sectors  like  Fashion  and  FinTech.  But  not  as  heralded  are  the  world  class  companies  emerging  in  more  tech-­‐heavy  sectors  such  as  Hardware  and  Enterprise  Tech  -­‐  not  thought  to  be  NY's  strength.  Of  note  is  that  27  of  the  Business  Insider  Digital  100  are  NY  companies.        A  list  of  sectors  and  NYC’s  leading  companies  follows:    

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     The  data  supports  the  diverse  investment  activity  among  sectors  in  NYC.  According  to  the  PWC  Moneytree  Report,  VC  investment  activity  for  the  period  2012-­‐2013  breaks  down  as  follows36:    

   

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Software  investments  dominate  VC  investments  across  all  stages  the  last  two  years,  nearly  2X  the  number  of  financings  for  Media  &  Entertainment.    It’s  not  surprising  that  media  investments  are  still  important  within  the  NY  ecosystem,  but  a  more  granular  taxonomy  shows  the  following37:    

   Of  special  note  is  the  acceleration  of  Internet  Commerce,  which  at  15.6%  of  all  financings  over  the  past  two  years  is  catching  up  to  media  investments.    The  X-­‐Factor    There’s  no  surprise  that  the  NYC  tech  community  is  incredibly  active  and  inviting.  This  is  clearly  demonstrated  by  the  more  than  350  individual  tech  meet-­‐ups,  comprising  more  than  320,000  members  with  more  than  1/3  of  them  active  monthly.  But  could  community  be  NY's  X  Factor  and  is  its  impact  quantifiable?      To  answer  these  questions,  we  asked  for  some  help  from  our  friends  at  Endeavor  Insight,  the  research  arm  of  Endeavor,  who  for  years  have  been  surveying  global  tech  ecosystems  to  determine  if  there  were  themes  within  these  communities  that  could  explain  the  growth  of  entrepreneurship  –  in  effect  mapping  their  “entrepreneurial  DNA.”  Endeavor  Insight  interviews  founders  and  investors,  asking  key  questions  about  inspiration,  mentorship  and  investment.  From  this  data  they  create  a  map  of  the  connections  among  entrepreneurs  leading  local  tech  companies,  detailing  the  various  connections  that  sequence  the  entrepreneurial  genome.    A  strong  ecosystem  exhibits  the  following  traits:  large  success  stories,  a  web  of  interconnectivity  between  successful  entrepreneurs  and  companies  and  emerging  entrepreneurs  and  companies,  and  long  chains  of  relationships.  

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 This  map  shows  the  interrelationships  within  the  Buenos  Aires  tech  ecosystem  in  a  generational  force  diagram  that  was  recently  published  by  the  World  Economic  Forumii    

   The  concentric  “rings”  represent  the  different  eras  of  startup  activity,  showing  4  generations  of  companies  from  1990-­‐2011.  The  “planets”  are  the  various  companies,  sized  by  their  impact  and  influence  on  the  community  over  time.  The  “lines”  among  the  planets  indicate  the  connections  and  interrelationships.    The  past  few  months,  Endeavor  Insight  has  their  trained  sites  on  NYCii.  We've  always  described  our  community  as  open,  collaborative  and  supportive,  and  the  work  they’re  doing  seeks  to  quantify  this  effect.  Endeavor  has  not  yet  completed  its  diagram  for  NY,  however,  the  image  below  depicts  one  example,  centered  on  Gilt  Groupe.      

                                                                                                               ii  Link  to  the  Endeavor  Insight  map  at  the  World  Economic  Forum;  see  Figure  4.  ii  http://www.nyctechmap.com/  

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 No  surprise,  the  large  planet  looming  in  the  upper  left  is  DoubleClick  –  whose  alumni  have  founded  more  than  20  companies  in  NYC  tech,  and  account  for  more  than  30  CEOs  in  the  city.  To  date  Endeavor  has  mapped  more  than  700  companies  in  the  city,  and  the  preliminary  results  are  quite  interesting  and  describe  a  vibrant,  growing  and  supportive  community  with  strong  evidence  of  interconnectivity  and  long  chains  of  relationships.Buenos  Aires).      The  penultimate  question  that  remains,  however,  is  how  many  generations  until  the  NYC  tech  ecosystem  is  largely  self-­‐sustaining  in  terms  of  human  resources?      Conclusions    NYC  tech  has  had  two  distinct  generations  in  the  past  14  years  -­‐  the  “Internet  bubble  clean  up”  period  from  2000  to  2005,  which  prepared  us  for  the  beginning  of  “gear  up”  period  starting  in  2006.  In  just  7  years,  we've  gone  from  one  of  many  tertiary  tech  regions,  to  a  top  3  entrepreneurial  center  in  the  US.  Some  great  and  growing  exits  and  leading  companies  in  their  sectors  indicate  that  we're  following  the  right  trajectory  toward  success.      Silicon  Valley  didn’t  “happen”  overnight;  it  took  more  than  30  years  for  its  ecosystem  to  mature.  New  York  City  appears  to  be  on  a  faster  trajectory,  and  in  the  next  2-­‐3  years,  there  will  be  no  doubt  that  it  has  arrived  if:    

• our  community  continues  to  demonstrate  its  special  nature  of  support  and  collaboration,  paying  it  forward  to  create  new  generations  of  founders,  

• the  focus  of  capital  remains  trained  on  our  startups  as  a  top  three  recipient  of  financings  in  the  US,  and    

• most  importantly,  our  terrific  cohort  of  leading  tech  companies  racing  toward  escape  velocity,  produces  billion-­‐dollar,  thriving  public  companies.  

       

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 Footnotes                                                                                                                  1  Partnership  for  NYC  2  Building  a  Digital  City:  The  Growth  and  Impact  of  New  York  City’s  Tech/Information  Center,  p.  2  3  LinkedIn  Research,  Dec  2013  4  Startup  Ecosytem  Report  Part  1,  p.  35  5  H1  Base  6  Angel  List  Research,  Jan  2014  7  Fortune  8  NYEDC,  p  4  Economic  Research  and  Analysis,  Tech  Trends  August  2013  9  NYC  TechCity,  p.  1  10  Meetup.com  Research,  Dec  2013  11  Meetup.com  Research,  Dec  2013  12  NY  Tech  Meetup  Research,  Dec  2013  13  Promoting  Entrepreneurship  in  NYC,  NYEDC  p2  14  Mark  Birch  Research  15  Mark  Birch  Research  16  AON  /  Partnership  for  New  York,  p.  11  17  US  News  &  World  Report  18  AON  /  Partnership  for  New  York,  p.  11  19  Partnership  for  New  York  City,  NYC  Jobs  Blueprint,  p.  25  20  Academy  for  Software  Engineering  Bronx  Academy  for  Software  Engineering  21  The  Computer  Science  Education  Foundation  of  New  York  City  22  WNYC  23  NYC  Real  Estate  Broker's  estimates,  Jan  2014  24  Partnership  for  New  York  City,  NYC  Jobs  Blueprint,  p.  13  25  NYC  TechCity,  p.  8  26  NY  VC  Almanac,  p.  7  27  The  Atlantic  /  Martin  Prosperity  Institute  28  National  Low  Income  Housing  Coalition  Report,  March  2012  http://nlihc.org/sites/default/files/oor/2012-­‐OOR.pdf  29  Glassdoor  research  Jan  2014;  Angelist  research  Jan  2014  30  PWC  /  NVCA  Moneytree  Report  Feb  2014,  data  from  Thomson  Reuters.  Note  that  2004  was  an  18%  growth  year,  but  2005  was  nearly  flat  at  1%  growth.  31  PWC  /  NVCA  Moneytree  Report,  data  from  Thomson  Reuters  32  The  Atlantic  /  Martin  Prosperity  Institute  Updated  with  2012  Data  from  ???  33  NY  VC  Almanac,  p.  7  34  PWC  /  NVCA  Moneytree  Report  Feb  2014,  data  from  Thomson  Reuters  35  Wilmer  Hale  Research,  Feb  2014.  36  PWC  /  NVCA  Moneytree  Report  Feb  2014,  data  from  Thomson  Reuters  37  Thompson  One