Nutrition in Disguise

11/20/2019

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Sun-Maid Growers of California

NUTRITION IN DISGUISE:

Enticing Children To Choose Foods With Benefits

Dr. Jim Painter, PhD, RDNAdjunct Professor, University of Texas – Houston, School of Public Health


1. Why Focus On foods with benefits- Breakfast improves attention, memory, and executive

function 2. Finding foods with benefits- Added Sugar

⮚ Usually not beneficial as it Remove Nutrients⮚ As a Benefit, Add Sugar To Nutrient Dense Foods

3. Making foods with benefits− Replacing added sugar with Intrinsic Sugar 4. Spice it up to entice Children To Eat Foods With Benefits

OUTLINE






OUTLINE

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YOU IMPACT LIVES THROUGH YOUR PROGRAMS!

School Breakfast…

• 14.5 million participate each day

• 1.7 million more than 4 years ago

Thank YOU!


BREAKFAST ROCKS!

1. Yanni Papanikolaou, American Society for Nutrition – Nutrition June 2018. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-06/n2-coi053118.php2. Adolphus K, Lawton CL, Champ CL, Dye L. The Effects of Breakfast and Breakfast Composition on Cognition in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Adv Nutr.

2016 May 16;7(3):590S‐612S.

• Kids who ate breakfast generally showed higher daily consumption of fiber, calcium, vitamin D and potassium, as well as greater whole grain and lower added sugar intake compared to those who did not eat in the morning1.

• Children at nutritional risk, who start the day off right with breakfast, may be better focused and have sharper memories when compared to breakfast skippers2


ADVANTAGES OF BREAKFAST

• Brain activity was more active in breakfast-eaters, fewer mistakes made

• Less brain activity and more effort needed by breakfast skippers; more mistakes, too

• Other studies show breakfast skippers have worse attention and poorer memories than those eating breakfast

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ADVANTAGES OF SCHOOL BREAKFAST

Adolphus, 2016. American Society of Nutrition






OUTLINE


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BETTER FOR YOU CONFECTIONS?



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FRUIT JUICE…?


FRUIT JUICE…?

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Nutrient comparison between dried fruits

• Dried fruits vary in their nutrient content, each one

• scoring highest for different nutrients

• Figs – calcium, iron

• Raisins – phosphorus, vit c, potassium

• Sweetened dried cranberries – added sugar


Potassium

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Added Sugar (%)


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Raisins Dried Cranberries

NuVal Comparison


MILK NUTRIENTS

• Children ages 2-8 do not consume the recommended amount of milk each day

• Three-fourths of adolescents ages

• 9-19 do not receive recommended amounts each day

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OUTLINE


Reducing Added Sugar in Recipes

Reduce the amount of sugar (Often can be cut by 1/4 or 1/3)

Replace some or all sugar with fruit (Reduce sugar by up to ½)

Enhance flavor with spices


Sugar As A Friend Encouraging Salad & Veggie Consumption

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#1: Apple Pecan Pie

(8 Servings)

Ingredients:

1 (9 inch) unbaked crust

4 tablespoons butter, melted

1 cup Tree Top apple sauce

1 cup Tree Top 38° brix apple purée

1 tablespoon corn starch

3 eggs

⅛ teaspoon salt

1 teaspoon vanilla

1 cup chopped pecans

Whole pecans for thetop of the pie

Directions: • Preheat oven to 450°F • In a large bowl, cream the butter and apple purée. Beat in the

eggs, salt and vanilla. Stir in the chopped pecans. Pour filling into pie shell.

• Bake in the preheated oven for 10 minutes. Reduce temperature to 325°F (165°C) and bake for 30 to 40 minutes, or until golden brown.


Raisin Paste!Substitute for Added Sugar

Raisin Paste:– Natural sweetener– Adds fiber and nutrients– Preserves moisture– Natural preservative (inhibits mold)


#2 Raisin Cinnamon Bars

(24 Servings)

Ingredients:

• 6 c. Raisin Paste

• 8 1/3 c. Oat Flour• 1 ¾ c. Powdered Sugar• 2 ¾ c. Butter• 2 ½ Tbs. Vanilla Extract• 5 Tbs. Egg Yolks

• 1 1/8 Tbs. SaltDirections:• Briefly mix butter and apple flakes in a planetary mixer fitted with a paddle. • Add egg yolks and vanilla, mixing until combined• Mix in oat flour and salt on low until combined in a dough • Scoop ½ of dough between two sheets of wax paper and flatten into a rectangle with rolling pin to ¼". Place on a

large cookie sheet. Roll out other half of dough in the same way as the first. • Scoop and spread 38° brix apple purée evenly onto rolled out dough that is on the cookie sheet. Place second half

of dough over top of filling and pinch dough in carefully on all sides avoiding air pockets. Bake for 25 -30 minutes at 325°F. Cool and cut into 2" squares.

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Techniques Caramelize fruits and vegetables

Sweeten on the surface (glazes)

Pops of sweetness: dried and fresh fruits, sun-dried tomatoes

Choose ingredients that add flavor as well as sweetness






OUTLINE


1. Ginger2. Cinnamon3. Nutmeg4. Chocolate

Holiday spices for flavor and health

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I. GingerZingiber officinale


Ginger


N/V in Motion Sickness

Nausea Score

Lien, et al., 2003

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N/V Post-surgery

Percentage reporting

Postoperative N/V symptoms

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Ginger powder, 1 g Placebo

Study by Bone, et al., 1990.


II. Cinnamon

Cinnamon• Source of manganese, iron, calcium,

and fiber– Cinnamaldehyde (Reduces stickiness of

platelets)

– Cinnamyl acetate (Antioxidant)

– Cinnamyl alcohol (Antioxidant)


Cinnamon – True Ceylon Cinnamon

• Arthritis – Reduces uric acid production• Heart Health – reduce lipids/platelet

adhesion• Type 2 Diabetes – lower blood glucose• Blood Pressure – Reduced blood

pressure

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2007

“This is the first U.S. study to evaluate the effects of cinnamon on blood glucose … with type 2 diabetes. We found that cinnamon taken at a dose of 1 g daily for 3 months produced no significant change in fasting glucose.”

¾ of patients on Metformin

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2014


The relative blood sugar lowering efficacy of de-coumarinated polyphenol-rich extracts (procynCi-45 and procynCi-70) after 30 days of oral supplementation; which is depicted with respect to standard cinnamon extract containing 17.4% polyphenol as ‘blood sugar lowering index’ of the various extracts. Values are expressed as the mean ± SD, n = 6 in each group; where P < 0.05 significantly different from *normal group, #diabetic control and $standard extract group.


2013

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Meta-analysis: Cinnamon

Allen, R. W., Schwartzman, E., Baker, W. L., Coleman, C. I., & Phung, O. J. (2013). Cinnamon Use in Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Annals Of Family Medicine, 11(5), 452-459. doi:10.1370/afm.1517



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3. NutmegMyristic fragrans

• “Since ancient times, nutmeg and its oil were being used in Chinese and Indian traditional medicine for illness related to the nervous and digestive systems. The compounds in these spices such as myristicin and elemicin are soothing as well as stimulant properties on brain (Maikhubu, 2006)”


NutmegMyristic fragrans

• “Freshly prepared decoction with honey has been used to relief of nausea, gastritis and indigestion ailment (Doman et al., 2000)”

• “Nutmeg oil contains eugenol, which has been used in dentistry for toothache relief (Duke et al., 2002; Kokwaro, 2009)”

• “The oil is also used as a local message to reduce muscular pain and rheumatic pain of joints (Pamphona-Roger, 1999)”

• “Nutmeg cures diarrhea, rheumatic pains; powdered seeds or decoction of the seeds are used in the treatment of diarrhea, carminative and rheumatism (Sofowora, 1993; Okeogwale and Omofeze, 2001; Okoli et al., 2007)”


Pumpkin Pie

•CRUST•3/4 cup chopped pecans, toasted•1 cup plus 2 tablespoons all‐purpose flour•1/2 teaspoon ground ginger•1/2 teaspoon salt•7 tablespoons shortening•2 tablespoons plus 1 teaspoon ice water•FILLING:•2 large eggs•3/4 cup sugar•1 teaspoon ground cinnamon•3/4 teaspoon ground allspice•1/2 teaspoon ground ginger•1/2 teaspoon Nutmeg•1/2 teaspoon salt•1 can (15 ounces) solid‐pack pumpkin•1 can (12 ounces) evaporated milk•Whipped cream, optional

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IV. Chocolate

• Cocoa processed with alkali is not beneficial

• High fat chocolate is not beneficial

• High sugar chocolate is not beneficial

• Cocoa is beneficial


Effects: CocoaComparison of Antioxidant

Content• Black tea (2gm bag) 1000 C for 2 min.

• Green tea (2gm bag) 1000 C for 2 min.

• Wine 140 ml. California Merlot.

• 2 tbs. commercial Cocoa pwd. 200 ml H20


Gallic acid equivalents (GAE), phenolicEpicatechin equivalents (ECE), flavonoid

Lee et al. (2003). Cocoa Has More Phenolic Phytochemicals and Higher Antioxidant Capacity the Teas and Red Wine.Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 51, 7292-7295.

Total Flavonoid and Phenolic Content

(per serving)

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200300400500

600700

Black Tea Green Tea Wine cocoa

mgGAEECE

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Cocoa Inhibits Blood flow and Vessel Dilation

• Subjects 20 individuals at risk of CHD

• Consumed a cocoa drink

• 2 groups high and low flavanol

• Brachial artery flow and dilation were measured

Sies, et al. 2005. Cocoa Polyphenols and Inflammatory Mediators. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81, 304s-12s.


Vaso-dilation with Cocoa Flavanols

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Low flavanolcocoa

High flavanolcocoa

% FMDBefore2 hr After

FMD (Flow-mediated Dilation)Sies, et al. 2005. Cocoa Polyphenols and Inflammatory Mediators. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 81, 304s-12s.


ENTICING CHILDREN TO EAT BETTER

Offering delicious, slightly healthier meal components or options with appealing descriptions

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- Breakfast improves attention, memory, and executive function - Added Sugar

⮚ Usually not beneficial as it Remove Nutrients⮚ It is a Benefit when added to Nutrient Dense Foods

- Making foods with benefitsReplace added sugar with Intrinsic Sugar

- Enticing kids to eat foods with benefits- By spicing up the holidays

Conclusion


THANK YOU! LET’S TALK…

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Nutrition in Disguise

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