Nutrition and the Older Adult

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CONDITIONS AND INTERVENTIONS ANGIE STIEGEMEYER, MA,RD,LD, BSN,RN SOUTHEAST MISSOURI STATE UNIVERSITY Nutrition and the Older Adult

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Nutrition and the Older Adult. Conditions and interventions Angie stiegemeyer , MA,rD,LD , BSN,RN Southeast Missouri State University. Health-sense of well-being Quality of Life-measure of life satisfaction Medical Nutrition Therapy-treatment of nutritional aspects of disease. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Nutrition and the Older Adult

Page 1: Nutrition and the Older Adult

CONDITIONS AND INTERVENTIONS

ANGIE STIEGEMEYER, MA,RD,LD, BSN,RNSOUTHEAST MISSOURI STATE UNIVERSITY

Nutrition and the Older Adult

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Health-sense of well-being

Quality of Life-measure of life satisfaction

Medical Nutrition Therapy-treatment of nutritional aspects of disease

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Topics Covered

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)/Heart DiseaseStrokeHypertentionDiabetes/DMOsteoporosisConstipationOsteoarthritisAlzheimer’s DiseaseUnderweightElder AbuseEnd of Life Care

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Nutrition for CVD

Decrease amount of fat

Reduce cholesterol intake

Increase fiber, F & VLimit Sodium

ExerciseMaintain Healthy

WeightReduce StressSmoking Cessation

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Stroke

Reduced blood flow to brainEtiology

Blocked arteries Easily clotting blood cells

Effects Deprive brain of oxygen-nerve cells die

Differing levels of paralysis

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Stroke

Risk Factors Hypertension, high chol., DM, smoking, family hx,

obesityS/S: FAST

F-Facial weakness A-Arm & Leg Problems S-Speech Problems T-Time to call 911

Nutrition Normalize blood pressure

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Hypertension

Systolic 140mm Hg or higher AND/OR Diastolic 90 mm Hg or higher

Effects- excess tension on vessels & organs Wears them out before normal aging process Kidney damage

Risk Factors Excess alcohol intake, high sat. fat intake, overweight

& obesity, low calcium intake, smoking

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Nutrition for Hypertension

DASH DietWeight managementModerate alcohol intakeLimit sodiumAdequate calcium, potassium, magnesium

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DM

1/5 over 65Greater risk for CVDEffects

Amputations Macular degeneration Vision loss Neuropathies Increased platelet aggregation Increased infection Decreased healing

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Nutrition for DM

Diagnosis and criteria for mgmt same as younger adult

If kidney disease, limit protein (0.8-1.0 g/kg)MVIAssess cognitive function and create

appropriate care planAsses Hemoglobin A1C

Below 7% is goal

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135---------6%170---------7%205--------8%240--------9%275--------10%310--------11%345-------12%

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Osteoporosis

Porous bones80% womenBone density greatly declines after

menopauseEffects-falls & fractures

Wrist, spine, hips Kyphosis

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Osteoporosis

Nutrition Calcium Vitamin D Exercise Limit caffeine F & V Limit sodium Limit SSRIs

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Chronic Constipation

2 or less BM Q WeekEtiology

Medications Diseases-Parkinson’s, cancer, DM,IBS

Risk Factors Dehydration Medications Mineral supplements

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Chronic Constipation

Treatment Exercise Fluid Fiber

Foods psyllium

Avoid laxatives if possible Bowel Retraining

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Osteoarthritis

Etiology-cartilage loss, hardening of soft tissue, inflammation, changes in synovial membrane

Pain in joints-most common in knees & hips

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Osteoarthritis

Treatment Control pain Weight loss Antioxidants Flavanoids Vitamin D Chondrotin & Glucosamine-cartilage repair Fatty acids & Oils

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Alzheimer's Disease

Dementia-memory impairmentPlaques & Tangles in brainEffects

Confusion anxiety agitation loss of oral muscular control impairment of hunger & thirst mechanisms chewing & swallowing difficulties

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Alzheimer's Disease

Treatment Safety Maintain nutrient dense diet

Plenty of time Focus on eating Serve finger foods Encourage drinks

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Nutrition forUnderweight & Unintentional Weight Loss

Adequate kcals1-1.5 g/kg protein1 mL/kcal fluidNutrient dense foodsAdded fatsAdded kcalsBoost, Ensure

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Elder Abuse

Abuse, neglect, exploitation

1-800-392-0210 (For suspected elder mistreatment in the home and in long-term care facilities)

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End of Life Care

Respect patient & family’s wishesCollaborate & Refer

Palliative care, HospiceCompassion & Empathy