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NURSING IN EGYPT

Prof. Dr. Effat El-Karmalawy 2010

AGENDA

• Demographics

• Major Health Problems in Egypt

Egyptian Society

• Health facilities

• Human resources for health

Egyptian Health System

• Technical Nursing Education

• University Nursing Education

Egyptian Nursing

Education System

EGYPT DEMOGRAPHICS PROFILE

Age

0-14 years: 33%

15-64 years: 62.7%

65 years and over: 4.3%

Male

13,308,407

25,138,546

1,546,774

Female

12,711,900

24,342,230

1,818,778

Population is almost 78,866,635 (July 2009 est.)

EGYPT DEMOGRAPHICS PROFILE

Birth rate: 25.43 births/1,000 population

Death rate: 4.88 deaths/1,000 population

Population growth

rate: 2.033%

(2009 est.)

EGYPT DEMOGRAPHICS PROFILE

Net migration rate: -0.21 migrant(s)/1,000

population (2009 est.)

Urbanization:

Urban population: 43% of total population (2008)

Rate of urbanization: 1.8% annual rate of change (2005-

10 est.)

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Infant mortality rate

Age Male Female Total

Live birth 1,000 1,000 1,000

Deaths 28.93 25.51 27.26

EGYPT DEMOGRAPHICS PROFILEEGYPT DEMOGRAPHICS PROFILE

Male Female

24.4 years 25.2

years

Egyptian Median age : 24.8 years

EGYPT DEMOGRAPHICS PROFILE

Male Female

69.56 years 74.81

years

Life expectancy at birth: 72.12 years

MAJOR HEALTH PROBLEMS IN EGYPT

Hepatitis C virus

Hypertensive heart

diseasesCancer

Osteoporosis TuberculosisParasitic diseases

Food poisoning

Kidney Diseases

Prenatal conditions

Diarrheal diseases

Endocrine disorders

Obesity

TOP TEN CAUSES OF DEATH, ALL AGES EGYPT,

2009

CausesDeaths Years of Life Lost

(%)(000) (%)

All causes 495 100 100

Ischemic heart disease 103 21 13

Cerebrovascular disease 35 7 5

Hypertensive heart disease 28 6 3

Lower respiratory infections 24 5 9

Nephritis and nephrosis 20 4 3

Prenatal conditions 19 4 9

Cirrhosis of the liver 18 4 3

Diarrheal diseases 13 3 6

Chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease13 3 1

Endocrine disorders 9 2 212

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OVERVIEW OF HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

IN EGYPT

Preventive services

Curative services

Integrative services

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OVERVIEW OF HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

IN EGYPT

The services related to different ministries for their employees (Ministry of education, agriculture and

transportation)

The army medical health services

Teaching Hospitals & Institutions.

University hospitals.

Health Insurance Organization.

MOH facilities (Hospitals, Health Centers and specialized Hospital).

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TYPES OF PREVENTIVE SERVICES IN EGYPT

Rural Health units

Rural Family Health Centers

Rural Health

hospitals

Family Health centers

Primary Health Care

centers

EGYPTIAN HEALTH FACILITIES

Hospitals under MOH Authority Number

General Hospitals 60

Central Hospitals 213

Specialized Hospitals 132

Total Curative Hospitals 405

Specialized Hospitals Number

Fever 43

Chest 32

Ophthalmology 29

Maternal 10

Child 5

Specialized 2

Kidney 1

Dermatology 3

Neurology 1

Geriatric centers 6

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EGYPTIAN PRIVATE HEALTH FACILITIES

Number of private

hospitals is 1490

Number of private

clinic is 35973

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UNIVERSITY HEALTH FACILITIES

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HEALTH MAN POWER IN EGYPT

Actual On job Registered

MOHMan Power

Population No./ Physician 934 1362

Population No./ Dentist 6008 7848

Population No./ Pharmacist 4151 6120

Population No. / Nurse 626 707

Physician for each 10,000 person‏ 10.7 7.3

Dentist for each 10,000 person‏ 1.7 1.3

Number of Nurses per Physician 1.5 1.9

Pharmacist for each 10,000‏person

2.4 1.6

Nurse for each 10,000 person‏ 16.0 14.2

number of Beds per Physician 0.7 1.0

Population Number per bed 1307

Beds Bed per 1000 person 0.8

Overall Egypt Bed per 10,000 person 17.3

NURSE MAN POWER IN EGYPT

Description Number

Total number of nurses of health care sector at ministry of

health101349

Total number of nurses at primary health care sector at

ministry of health55043

Number of Nurse Aid:

o Health Care Sector of Ministry of Health

o Universities

o Teaching Hospitals

o Health Insurance

o Curative Organization

952

Number of Midwives:

o Health Care Sector of Ministry of Health

o Universities

o Teaching Hospitals

o Health Insurance

o Curative Organization

121

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The total numbers of Nurses registered in the Nursing Syndicate in

2009-2010 is approximately 238000 nurses.

NURSE MAN POWER IN EGYPT

1.10% 0.50%

98.40%

Nurses Distribution according to Qualification

BSc graduates

Technical Institute Nursing branch

Secondary Technical

Diploma school (Residual) 22

GovernorateNurse

Specialist

Technical

Nurse

Secondary Tech.

School Nurse

Cairo 72 44 4003

Alexandria 711 324 3146

Sharkia 321 35 5555

Kafr El-Sheikh 157 216 3840

Menofia 209 65 4911

Behera 452 356 7420

Bani-Sweif 8 9 2727

Qena 4 4 1281

Red Sea 13 2 306

South Sinia 3 0 288

LIST OF TOTAL FUNCTIONING NURSING MANPOWER OF THE

THREE MAJOR CATEGORIES IN SELECTED GOVERNORATE

Nursing Education Programmes in

Egypt

University Program

Technical Program

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Technical Nursing

Educational System in

Egypt

Educational system Under Supervision of

MOH

Technical Health

Institutes under Military &

Police Force

Technical Institutes under supervision of Nursing Universities

THE TECHNICAL NURSING EDUCATION

Technical Institute of Nursing -

Supplemental Stage

(4th and 5th

year)

Technical Institute of Nursing -

Preparatory Stage

THE TECHNICAL NURSING EDUCATION

The graduates awarded technical nursing

diploma after (2) years period of education.

The number of technical institutes of nursing

supplemental stage affiliated to the ministry of

health are 230 institute while 3 are affiliated to

police forces, 4 affiliated to the military forces

and 17 affiliated to the university.

THE TECHNICAL NURSING EDUCATION

The entrance requirements is the secondary

school certificate (12 years of general education).

The number of technical institutes of nursing

preparatory stage affiliated to the ministry of

health are 30 institute.

THE UNIVERSITY NURSING EDUCATION

There are 18 Nursing colleges attached to

different governmental universities and 5 private

Nursing colleges . The period of Study is (4) years

and one year as internship.

The graduates rewarded the bachelor degree in

nursing services

THE UNIVERSITY NURSING EDUCATION

These programs are designed to prepare

practitioners who have managerial, supervision,

and teaching skills

Graduate program are available in some nursing

Faculties (Master & Doctorate degree in different

specialties). Specialty Diplomas are also provided

by 3 Faculties.

THE UNIVERSITY NURSING EDUCATION –

POST EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN EGYPT

Doctorate Degree in

Nursing Science

• 4 - 6 Years

• Graduates work mostly in Nursing Education Institutions as faculty members or in management position in service areas

Master Degree in Nursing Specialties

• Minimum 2 Years

• Graduates work in both education or service institutions. They are required to work in specialized areas of practices

Specialty Diploma in

Nursing

• One Year

• Only 2 Specialized Diplomas (midwifery and physiotherapy) are re-licensed to work in theses specialty areas

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Great attention is directed toward improving nursing

educational system, crucial efforts were directed to:

The prerequisite of admission to be 12 years of

general education

APPROACHES AND EFFORTS TO IMPROVE

NURSING EDUCATION