Numeracy Posters Index

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Numeracy Posters Index

Measurements : Converting Weights

Measurements: Converting Units of Length

Measurements: Converting m/m

Time: 24 hour clock system

Time : Calculating lengths of time

Using Ratios to solve problemsRatio:

Direct Proportion

Round numbers to 1 decimal placeRoundingOrder of Priority

Finding a percentage

Finding the Percentage Increase

Decrease by a PercentageIncrease by a Percentage

Changing a Fraction to a PercentageWorking out percentages without calculators

Working out a percentage with the calculator

Speed Distance Time Questions

Drawing Bar Charts

Read information from Pie ChartsPie Charts

Construct Pie ChartsPie ChartsAverages

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Converting Units of Mass

Kilogramme(kg)

÷1000

x1000

grams(g)

Convert 2kg to g : 2 x 1000 = 2000 g

Convert 4.6kg to g : 4.6x 1000 = 4600 g

Convert 3000g to kg : 3000 ÷ 1000 = 3 kg

Convert 650g to kg : 650 ÷ 1000 = 0.65 kg

1 kg= 1000g

Measurements

Example 1 :



Converting Units of Length

Kilometres(km)

centimetres(cm)

millimetres(mm)

÷1000

x1000

x100

x10

metres(m)

÷100

÷10

Convert 2m to cm : 2 x 100 = 200 cm

Convert 4km to m : 4 x 1000 = 4000 m

Convert 34cm to mm : 34 x 10 = 340 mm

Convert 50cm to m : 50 ÷ 100 = 0.5 m

1 km= 1000m

1m = 100cm

1cm = 10mm

Measurements

Example 1

Back


Converting between metres and millimetres

Convert 2m to mm : 2 x 1000 = 2000 mm

Convert 3.34m to mm :3.34 x 1000 = 3430 m

Convert 4000mm to m :4000 ÷ 1000 = 4 m

Convert 7800mm to m :7800 ÷ 1000 = 7.8 m

1m = 1000mm

Measurements

Example 1

centimetres(cm)

millimetres(mm)

x100

x10

metres(m)

÷100

÷10

centimetres(cm)

millimetres(mm)

metres(m)

÷1000

x1000


230022002100200019001800170016001500140013001200

11 pm

10 pm

9 pm8 pm7 pm6 pm5 pm4 pm3 pm2 pm1

pmmidday

1100100009000800070006000500040003000200010

00000

11 am

10 am

9 am8 am7 am6 am5am4 am3 am2 am1

ammidnigh

t

12/24 Hour Clock

Time

To go from 12 hour clock to 24 hour clock

just add 12 to the pm hours:

Converting between the 24 hour

and 12 hour clock systems

2000

1830

Example 1 8 pm becomes

6:30 pm becomes

To go from 24 hour clock to 12 hour clock

just subtract 12 from the hours

(if it is greater than 12)Example 2

8 pm

5:30 pm

2000 becomes

1730 becomes

all 24 hour clock times have 4 digits


Calculating lengths of time

Example 1 : Find the time difference between 09 46 hrs and 12 32 hrs

0946 1000 1100 1200 1232

14 mins 2 hours 32 mins

Total Time = 2 hours + 14 mins + 32 mins

= 2 hours + 46 mins

Example 2 : Find the time difference between 02 47 hrs and 05 49 hrs

13 mins 2 hours 49 mins

0247 0300 0400 0500 0549

Total Time = 2 hours + 13 mins + 49 mins

= 2 hours + 62 mins = 2 hours + 1 hour + 2 mins = 3 hours + 2 mins

Time


Using Ratios to solve problemsRatio

Ratios can be used to compare different quantities

Example 1

2 garlic cloves, 4 ounces of chick peas, 3 ounces of olives , 5 ml of Tahina paste and 4 tablespoons of olive oil

Example 2

Ratios can be used to solve problems

A chef makes more humous than normal.

If he uses 16 chickpeas. How many olives will he need to use?

chickpeasolives

4 3

16

x 4 x 4

12

The chef will need 12 olives

The recipe for humous is as follows

Write the ratio of chickpeas to olives

4 : 3

chickpeasolives


Direct Proportion

Example 1 If it costs 85p for 5 Mars bars,what is the cost of 3 Mars bars ?

Find the cost of one !

Cost of 1 mars bar : 85 5 = 17 p Cost of 3 mars bars : 17 x 3 = 51p

Example 2Three nights at Marton Manor Hotelcost £165. How much would five nights cost ?

Find the cost of one !

Cost of 1 night : £165 3 = £55 Cost of 5 nights : £55 x 5 = £275


Round numbers to 1 decimal place

Rounding

7.2cm 7.3cm 7.4cm

7 .2 3 cm

1st decimal place

2nd decimal place

7.24 7.38

7.24 is nearer to 7.2 7.38 nearer to 7.4

If the 2nd decimal place is 4 or less - leave 1st decimal place as it is

If the 2nd decimal place is 5 or more - add 1 to 1st decimal place

The rules for rounding to 1 decimal place are:

Example : Round the numbers to 1 decimal place

(a) 9.04 (b) 18.08

(c)24.25 (d) 12.73

9.0 (1d.p)

24.3 (1d.p)

18.1 (1d.p)

12.7 (1d.p)

7.21 7.22 7.23 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.397.24 7.307.20 7.40


Order of Priority

Example 1 3 + 4 x 6

Brackets

then Multiply or Divide

then Add or Subtract

Multiply then add= 3 + 24

= 27

Carry out Steps

Example 3 18 6 + 3 x 4

= 3 + 3 x 4

= 3 + 12

= 15

Example 2 3 + 4 x 6 + 8

= 3 + 24 + 8

= 35

Divide 18 6 = 3 then multiply 3 x 4 = 12 then add 3 + 12 = 15


Finding a percentage

I got 30 out of 70 in my English test.What is my percentage mark?

Divide 30 by 70

Then multiply your answer by 100%

30 x 100%70= 42.85…%

= 43%

Does your answer make sense?Check by working out 50%

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3 Round sensibly

Example 1


Finding the Percentage Increase

The volume of dough increased from50cm3 to 74cm3 due to the effect of yeast.Work out the % increase

Work out the increase.

Divide the increase by the starting volume.

Multiply your answer by 100%

Does your answer make sense?

74 – 50= 24

= 24 x 100% 50

= 48%

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Example 1


Decrease by a Percentage

After boiling a liquid (500ml) for5 minutes the amount of liquid has been reduced by 8%.Work out the new amount.

Divide 8 by 100

Multiply your answer by 500

Subtract your answerfrom 500

Does your answer make sense?Work out 10% mentally.

8 x 500100

=40ml

500 – 40=460ml

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Alternative method:

Decrease by 8% = means a multiplier of 0.92

New volume = 500 x 0.92

= 460ml

Example 1


Increase by a Percentage

Divide 18 by 100


Add your answerto 26

Does your answer make sense?Work out a 20% increase mentally.(i.e. 10% and double)

18 x 26100

=4.68cm3

26 + 4.68=30.68cm3

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

The volume of dough increased by 18%

due to the effect of yeast.

At the start the volume of dough was 26cm3. Work out the new volume of dough.

Alternative method:Increase by 18% = means a multiplier of 1.18New volume = 26 x 1.18 = 30.68cm3

Example 1


Changing a Fraction to a Percentage

Change to a percentage

Divide 1 by 8

Multiply your answer 100%

Does your answer make sense?

1 =0.125 8

0.125 x100%

=12.5%

Step 1

Step 2

18

Example 1


Working out a percentage without the calculator

The 10% Route

Example 1 Work out 65% of £46

10% = 4.6050%= 23.005% = 2.30

65% = £29.90

85%: 10% 100%+5% -15%15% 85%

45%: 10% 40%20% +5%40% 45% 5%

17 ½% = 10% +5% +2 ½%


Working out a percentage with the calculator

Example:

Work out 65% of £46?

= 65 x 46 100

=£29.90

Divide 65 by 100


Step 1

Step 2

Does your answer make sense?Work out 50%.


Speed Distance Time Questions

Example 1 A car travels at a speed of 40m.p.h for 3 hoursWhat distance does it travel?

Use the formula triangle !

To remember the formula

Cover up the letter you need to find out

S = 40 m.p.hD = ?T = 3 hours

D = S x T = 40 x 3 = 120 miles

Example 2 A lorry travels a distance of 150km in 2 hours 30minsWhat speed did it travel at?

S = ? D = 150kmT = 2hrs 30mins = 2.5 hours

S = D T = 150 2.5 = 60 m.p.h


Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Drawing Bar Charts

Example : How do I draw a bar chart?

Give the graph a title

Draw and label the axes

Plastic Paper

Mark an even scale on the vertical axes.

Mark numbers on the lines

Plastic Paper

Type

Type

Freq.

Step 4

Complete the graph by drawing in bars of the correct height.Each bar should have equal width.

Plastic PaperType

Quantities of Litter

Freq.

•Use a sharp pencil and a ruler

•Colour the bars in

Freq.

Plastic PaperType

Freq.


Read information from Pie Charts

Pie Charts

Pie Charts are used to display all types of information

Example 1

A survey of pupils favourite sport was done. 300 pupils were asked

Hint : The angles in a pie chart all up to 360º

RugbyFo

otba

l

l

Cricket Ice Hockey

Squash

90o108o

54o72o

36o

How many pupils liked football ?The angle for football is 108º.

Number liking football = 108 x 300360

= 108 ÷ 360 x 300= 90

The total angle is 360º.

This is number

of pupils asked


Construct Pie ChartsPie Charts

Pie Charts are used to display all types of information

Example 1 A survey of pupils favourite sport was done. 300 pupils were asked

RugbyFo

otba

l

l

Cricket Ice Hockey

Squash

90o108o

54o72o

36o

Display the results in a

Total number asked = 300

Number liking football = 90 To get the angle for Football

Rugby

Football

Cricket

Ice Hockey

75

90

45

60

Favourite Sport

Squash 30

The results are shown in the table

pie chart

Angle= 90 x 360 300

= 90 ÷ 300 x 360 = 108º


Averages

Example 1 Look at the following ages of children

attendingan after school club

5, 3 , 7, 6, 7

There are 3 types of Averages.

Which one are you trying to find out?

Add up the numbers = 5 + 3 + 7 + 6 + 7 = 28Divide this total by how many numbers are in the list so Mean = 28 5 = 5.6

a)Find the mean

Mode = the number which appears most often

Mode = 7 ( as it appears twice in list)

Mean: this is usually what people think of as average

Median: this is the middle number

Mode: this is the number that appears most often

b)Find the median

c)Find the mode

Rewrite list in order 3 ,5 ,6, 7, 7

Middle number 3 ,5 ,6, 7, 7

Median = 6

Numeracy Posters Index

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