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15.05.2009

Nuclear PowerRomeo Shuka

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History

The Reactor

Nuclear Stations

Benefits & Disadvantage

The discovery of nuclear reactions need not bring about the destruction of mankind any more than the discovery of matches

What is Nuclear Power?

Content

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What is nuclear power?

Nuclear power is any nuclear technology designed to extract usable energy from atomic nuclei via controlled nuclear

The process of generation nuclear power starts with the mining and processing of uranium and other radioactive elements. These elements are used to feed the reactor of a nuclear power plant, generating a reaction known as fission which creates intense heat, turning water in the plant into steam. The steam powers steam turbines, which generate electricity and feed the electricity into the electrical grid.

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Basic fossil fuels

Uranium235

Plutonium239

Fossil fuels

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Uranium

Name, symbol, number Uranium, U, 92

Element category actinide

Phase solid

Density 19.1 g / cm 3

Melting point 1132,3 oC

Boiling point 4131 oC

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Plutonium

Name, symbol, number Plutonium, Pu, 94

Element category actinide

Phase solid

Density 19.816 g / cm 3

Melting point 639,4 oC

Boiling point 3228 oC

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Origins

Early years

Developement

Nuclear fission was first experimentally achieved by Enrico Fermi in 1934 when his team bombarded uranium with neutrons.

Installed nuclear capacity initially rose relatively quickly, rising from less than 1 gigawatt (GW) in 1960 to 100 GW in the late 1970s, and 300 GW in the late 1980s.

On June 27, 1954, the USSR's Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant became the world's first nuclear power plant to generate electricity for a power grid.

History

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Year 1980

Year 1990

Years 2000

Year 2010

130

310

350

380

Nuclear power capacity

Capacity in GW

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1. Pressurized Water Reactor - 265 US, France, Japan, Russia, China

2. Boiling Water Reactor - 94 Us, Japan, Sweden1960

1980

1995

2005

Power reactors

20

250

410

420

Number of power reactors

Reactor Types

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Pressurized Water Reactor

PWRs keep water under pressure so that it

heats, but does not boil. Water from the reactor

and the water in the steam generator that is turned into steam never mix. In this way, most of the radioactivity stays in

the reactor area.

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Pressurized Water Reactor

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Boiling Water Reactor

BWRs actually boil the water. In both types, water is converted to

steam, and then recycled back into water

by a part called the condenser, to be used

again in the heat process..

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Boiling Water Reactor

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There are 17 Nuclear Power Stations in GermanyCompanys: E-On , RWE, EnBW

A B C D

1475 1480

840

806

A. Isar 2 1986 - 2021

B. Brokdorf 1988 - 2020

C. Neckarwestheim 1976 - 2010

D. Brunsbüttel 1977 - 2011

Nuclear Power Stations

in MW

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Nuclear Stations Worldwide

Op.104off 29

Op. 59off 11

Op. 55off 3

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Nuclear Station Unteweser

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Country: Germany Operator: E.ON Build: July 1, 1972 Commercial operation: Sep. 29,

1978

Data Reactor Power People

100 security

guards 270 employers

1 reactor (1410

MW)

2008 – 9.786 GW h Net generation: 284.290 GW

h

Nuclear Station Unteweser

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The reactor

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The turbine

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Benefits & Disadvantage

1.• Greenhouse Emissions• don’t release CO2

2.• Price• cheap to produce• prices are stable

3.• Uranium is plentiful• U-235• U-238

4.• Nuclear energy is safe• 1 or 2 death per year

5.• Efficacy 99%• alternative 10-20%

6.• The future• new technology, safer and cheaper

1.• Radiation• human health

2.• Reactor accidents

3.• Radioactive waste• isolation

Plus Minus

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THE END

Be clever with Nuclear Energy