NSN UMTS Equipment Overview

1 © 2006 Nokia T-Mobile Oct 2006 TRM 10-17-2006

Company Confidential

UMTS Solution Overview



RNC in WCDMA Radio Access Network

Internet

PSTNSABC

Nokia WCDMA BTS

GGSN SGSNMGWMSC/HLR

RNC1 RNC2 RNC #n

RNC RNC RNC

R99 / HSDPA / HSUPA



HSUPAFlexi Node B



Nokia Flexi WCDMA Base StationSmall in Size, Big in Functionality

• Macro WCDMA/HSDA/I-HSPA BTS in micro size

• One person can carry and install• Up to 12 cells/carriers, 6 sectors• 100W Dual-PA Radio Module with 2 sectors• Output power nominal 45W, guaranteed 40W per carrier• Remote HSPA upgrade • Remote capacity allocation with SW license

• Optimized Antenna Line• Power feed and control for Integrated Mast Head Amplifier and Antenna Tilt

• Outdoor, -33 … +55 °C, (-27.4 … 131°F), IP55 • Weight < 21 kg(46.3 lb) per module• Volume 33 liters



Mechanics

Casing (to enable core pull out)Core(can be pulled out for replacement)

Fan at back (can be replaced at site)

Optional Front Cable cover

Casing (to enable core pull out)Core(can be pulled out for replacement)

Fan at back (can be replaced at site)

Optional Front Cable cover



Nokia Flexi WCDMA BTS RF- Module• One (FRIB) or two (FRIA) sector support with RX Diversity • 100W PA output power with Dual 50W Power Amplifiers

•Over 25 % efficiency• 4 TX carriers, 8 RX carriers• 2 Antenna Filters with integrated

• MHA power feeding• 3GPP Antenna Tilt support• VSWR measurement• lightning protection

• Redundant integrated fans •Optional integrated AC sub-module (with FRIB only)



RF Module interfaces4 x 7/16 antenna

feeder connectors

Duplex LCconnector for optical

system interface

Multi-beamconnector for

power interfaceNote: FRIA in the picture.



Nokia Flexi WCDMA System Module

• integrated BB and BTS Control• integrated Transport alternatives

• ATM/IP over PDH/SDH/Flexbus/Ethernet

• DC power input and distribution to RF Modules• optical OBSAI RP3-01 interface to RF Modules• BTS site external alarms and controls• 100&1000 BaseT Ethernet connectors• ext Synchronization out and input• redundant integrated fans



System Module interfaces

5 x duplexLC

connectorsfor system

andbasebandextensioninterfaces

MDR14connector

for externalsynchroniz

ationinterface

MDR26connectorfor BTSchainingand LMUinterface

4 x RJ-45connectors

for sitesupport,externaltransportand LMP

MDR36connector for

externalalarms &controlsinterface

4 x multi-beam power supplyconnectors for power delivery

to other modules

8 x RJ-48 or 16 x SMB or 2 x TNC or2 x duplex LC connectors for(variable) transport interfaces



Flexi System Module + Transport sub-module



FlexiTransport Overview

FTPB (RAS05.1)

FTEB (RAS05.1)

FTJA (RAS06)

FTOA (RAS05.1ED

FTIA (RAS05.1) FTFA (RAS05.1)



Module name Interfaces Availability Remarks

FTPB 8xE1/T1/JT1 RAS05.1 120/110/100Ω, RJ48c

FTEB 8xE1 coaxial RAS05.1 75Ω, SMB

FTOA 2xSTM1/OC3 RAS05.1 ED 1xSFP, LC equipped

FTFA 2xFlexbus RAS05.1 TNC

FTIA4xE1/T1/JT1

2xFast Ethernet, 1xGERAS05.1

Ethernet supported in RAS06

Optional Gigabit Ethernet interface (SFP)

RJ48C, RJ45, SFP (LC)

FTJA4xE1 coaxial

2xFast Ethernet, 1xGERAS06

Optional Gigabit Ethernet interface (SFP)

SMB, RJ45, SFP (LC)

Transport Sub-modules, overview



Flexi Power Module FPMAExample configuration with• 3 Flexi Power AC sub-modules FPAA• 1 Flexi Power Battery FPBA



Supported HW configurations Configuration Minimum Guaranteed Output

Power (per carrier)Minimum # of Radio Modules

1 carrier omni 8/20/40W FRxB(RAS05.1)2 carrier omni 20W FRxB(RAS05.1CD)2 carrier omni 40W FRxA(RAS06)1+1 20/40W FRxA(RAS05.1)2+2 20W FRxA(RAS05.1CD)2+2 40 W 2xFRxA(RAS06)1+1+1 20/40 W FRIA + FRIB or

FRIA + FRIA (RAS05.1)

2+2+2 40 W 3 x FRxA (RAS06)Up to 4+4+4 20 W 3 x FRxA (after RAS06, to be

agreed.)

1+1+1 Feederless 20/40 W 3x FRIB (RAS05.1)2+2+2 20W FRxA + FRxB (RAS05.1CD)2+2+2 Feederless 20W 3xFRxB (RAS05.1CD)

Up to 6 x 1 20W/40 W 3 x FRxA (after RAS06, to be agreed.)

Up to 6 x 2 20 W 3 x FRxA (after RAS06, to be agreed.)



HSUPARNC



• Max capacities of 450 and 1000 Mbit/s in just two cabinets

• Fully HSPA compatible – SW upgrade only• Dynamic allocation of CS & PS

capacity and transmission interfaces• Easy upgradeability and scalability• Fault tolerant, distributed platform• Flexible transmission solution with

evolution to IP

High Capacity, High Density RNC



All Capacity Variants inOne or Two Cabinets

• Maximum capacities in just two cabinets instead of three or more – high density RNC

• Transmission units integrated to the same cabinets

• Efficient use of expensive site space, enabling site OPEX savings

• Allows co-siting with other RNCs or BSCs

• Several simple capacity steps for flexible upgradeability

300

450

150

Max

450

Mbi

t/s



RNC Freely Configurable Capacity

• RNC 150…450 Mbit/s capacity in three steps • Maximum capacities in just two cabinets• Dimensions: 1800 x 600 x 600 mm • Weight (fully loaded): 230 kg• Power Consumption: 3.9 kW (RNC 450)• Nominal Voltage: -48 V DC• Transmission interfaces: PDH, SDH/Sonet

and Giga Ethernet (RAS06 CD)

*) With Nokia traffic mix. Please evaluate traffic mixfor performance comparisons

RAS05.1

3841152

6800

196 Mbps RN2.0

RAS05Release Performance *)

RNC SWIub Capacity

Erlang

Connectivity- BTS site- Carriers

RAN04

3841152

6800

196 Mbps RN2.1

5121152

8000

450 Mbps RN2.2

300

450

150

Max

450

Mbi

t/s



GigaRNC –Evolution to Data Traffic Growth

• Gigabit RNC in the future platform

• Maximum capacities still in just two cabinets

Max

450

Mbi

t/s 300

450

150

GigaRNC

Max

100

0 M

bit/

s

1000

RAS05.1Release:RNC SW

Iub Capacity

Erlang

Connectivity - BTS site- Carriers

5121152

8000

450 Mbps RN2.2

7682688

20000

1500 Mbps RN3.0

RAS07



• All RNC HW is compatible with HSDPA and HSUPA without new HW

• Introducing HSDPA and HSUPA requires only SW upgrade (RAS 5.1)

• The entire RNC capacity can be used for HSDPA and HSUPA traffic dynamically

HSPA Compatible RNC - SW Upgrade Only

Maximum efficiency with only

two-cabinet RNC!

300

450

150

Max

450

Mbi

t/s



Wide Portfolio of Handovers with Advanced Functionalities

• Benefit from installed 2G network capacity upon 3G service launch with maximum interworking

• Load balancing between 2G and 3G layers reducing overall CAPEX needs

• Optimised use of all available 2G and 3G spectrum• Ensured service continuity and mobility with e.g.

• Inter-system handovers• Load and service based handovers• IMSI based handover WCDMA

GSMGSM

GSM

WW

WCDMA

WCDMA

IDLE mode control

IMSI based handover

Directed RRC connection

setup for load reason

Coverage handover

Load and service

handover



HSUPAHSDPA



Introduction to HSDPA (1/5)HSDPA is introduced in 3GPP Rel5 specifications.

• HSDPA offers a lower cost per bit, provides theoretical peak data rates up to 14.4 Mbps.

• Link adaptation feature, modulation and coding scheme is selected by the BTS-based on feedback information.

• Reduced (re)transmission delays.• Improved QoS control (BTS-based packet scheduling).• HSDPA is mainly intended for non-real time traffic, but can

also be used for traffic with tighter delay requirements.



Introduction to HSDPA (2/5)



Introduction to HSDPA (3/5)

• Additional unit with MAC functionality (HSDPA MAC or MAC-hs) is installed at the BTS.

• Retransmission controlled by the BTS reduces retransmission delay.

• The Iub interface (BTS-RNC) requires a flow control mechanism to ensure that BTS buffers are used properly and there is no buffer overflow.

• The RNC still retains the RLC functionalities as it provides retransmission in cases when HS-DSCH BTS retransmission fails.

Pack

ets

Pack

ets

RLC ACK/NACK

L1 ACK/NACK

R’99 DCH / DSCH R’5 HS-DSCH



HARQ &CodingFlow Control

Introduction to HSDPA (4/5)TerminalsWBTSRNC

• Buffer & Scheduler: buffering of data, terminal scheduling, coding & modulation selection – QPSK is still used and a new modulation type 16 QAM is introduced.

• H-ARQ, retransmission handling and coding.• Uplink feedback decoding.

• Flow control towards the SRNC.

PacketsBuffer & Scheduler

ACK/NACK &FeedbackDecoding



HSUPAHSUPA



HSUPA Peak Data Rates

• Max Layer 1 and Layer 2 (RLC) throughput shown below

1 x SF4 0.73 Mbps 0.67 Mbps

# of codes 10 ms 10 ms


1

UE category

2

3

4

5




6 2 x SF2 + 2 x SF4 2.0 Mbps 1.88 Mbps

-

2 ms

-

1.46 Mbps

2.9 Mbps

-

5.76 Mbps

-

2 ms

-

1.28 Mbps

2.72 Mbps

-

5.44 Mbps

Max L1 data rate Max RLC data rate

RLCL1RLC input rate

L1 output rate



HSUPA UE Categories

• HSUPA uses BPSK modulation with multicode transmission• Max 2 Mbps with 10 ms TTI• Up to 5.76 Mbps with 2 ms TTI

HSUPA category Codes Data rate

with 10 msData rate with 2 ms

1 1 x SF4 0.73 Mbps -

2 2 x SF4 1.46 Mbps 1.46 Mbps

3 2 x SF4 1.46 Mbps -

4 2 x SF2 2 Mbps 2.9 Mbps

5 2 x SF2 2 Mbps -

6 2xSF2 + 2xSF4 2 Mbps 5.76 Mbps



Differences between HSDPA and HSUPA

HSDPAHSDPA HSUPAHSUPA

ModulationModulation QPSK and 16-QAMQPSK and 16-QAM BPSK and Dual-BPSKBPSK and Dual-BPSK

Soft handoverSoft handover NoNo YesYes

Fast power control

Fast power control NoNo YesYes

SchedulingScheduling Point tomultipointPoint to

multipointMultipoint

to pointMultipoint

to point

Non-scheduled transmission

Non-scheduled transmission NoNo Yes, for minimum/

guaranteed bit rateYes, for minimum/guaranteed bit rate

Required for near-far avoidance

Efficient UE power amplifier

Scheduling cannot be as fast as in HSDPA

Similar to R99 DCH but with HARQ

HSUPA is rather Enhanced DCH than “reversed HSDPA”



HSUPA vs UL DCH

Feature

Variable spreading factor

Fast power control

Adaptive modulation

BTS based scheduling

DCH

Yes

Yes

No

No

HSUPA

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Fast L1 HARQ No Yes

HSDPA

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Multicode transmission No Yes Yes

HSUPA (E-DCH) is an uplink DCH with Node B based HARQ and scheduling and true multicode support

Soft handover Yes Yes No(associated DCH only)



DCH vs E-DCH Retransmissions

Terminal

BTS

RNC

DCH E-DCH

Packet Retransmission

RLC ACK/NACK

Retransmission

L1 ACK/NACK

Packet (1st TX)

Combining of packet and retransmission



HSUPA Fast Retransmissions

• Fast ACK/NAK from BTS• N-process Stop-And-Wait (SAW) HARQ• In soft handover: each BTS sends ACK, retransmission if UE has not received any

ACKs

TerminalNode BRNC Correctly received packet

HARQ control and soft combining

ACK/NAK

ACK/NAK

E-DCH data

E-DCH data

Packet Reordering

NSN UMTS Equipment Overview

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