Now to Next - Towards Sustainable Urban Mobility

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Now to NextTowards Sustainable Urban Mobility

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Ten Universal Principles 3

Messages 4, 5

Abbreviations and Acronyms 6

Introduction 7

Context Setting 12

Special Section – Pillars of Sustainable Transformation 18

Global Good Practices on City Metros 26

Sustainable Pillars of Modern Transportation: Case Study – Combining market leading

performance with sustainability leadership 34

Conclusion/Recommendation 48

References 56

Annexure

About Global Compact Network India 58

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In the first such report of its kind, Global Compact Network India seeks to explore the possibilities and drivers for transformation by analysing the current trends in urban mobility.

The report analyses context, sustainability issues, global good practices and way forward, including on how global practices be localised for greater impact, scale and value for money.

Sustainable mobility offers opportunities for realising the creation of smart cities and escalating economic performance through a shared value approach.

5th June, 2015, The World Environment Day Delhi-NCR

01TEN UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES

SUSTAINABILITYREPORT

HUMAN RIGHTS

1 Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights;

2 make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses.

LABOUR

3 Businesses should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining;

4 the elimination of all forms of forced and compulsory labour;

5 the effective abolition of child labour; and

6 the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation.

ENVIRONMENT

7 Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges;

8 undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility; and

9 encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies.

ANTI-CORRUPTION

10 Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery.

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I am pleased to learn that Rapid Metro Gurgaon has chosen to partner with the Global Compact Network India, Indian arm of United Nations Global Compact (UNGC), on preparation of it first ever sustainability report. This is a good development that corporations like Rapid Metro Gurgaon find sustainability as one of the emerging areas for partnership and collaboration.

Sustainability as a theme is gaining rapid traction across industry as it works at the intersection of Ten Universal Principles of UNGC and paves the way for a serious commitment by businesses toward addressing their value chain through supply chain processes.

Rapid Metro Gurgaon’s role in providing ‘last mile connectivity’ as the first public private partnership model in urban transport assumes greater significance in being a world class urban transport system in India and benefitting people at large through its current value added services and future service provisions.

The world today is confronting with some of the mega trends that include but not limited to climate change, urbanisation, lifestyle diseases, migration, drop in agricultural output, growing consumption, carbon emission and energy, water and waste related challenges, to name a few. Businesses,

indeed in all of this, have a positive role to play in being part of the innovative solutions that positively impact the last person on the periphery. Sustainable transportation in this context forms a critical part of the solution in the same value chain and it is in this respect that the role of Rapid Metro Gurgaon in providing sustainable ‘last mile’ transport provision stands out.

I am sure that this partnership between GCNI and Rapid Metro Gurgaon would set a new precedent in taking partnership and collaboration to new levels and act as a stimulant for several such collaborative mechanisms between and among several other organisations, going forward.

I wish the sustainability report of Rapid Metro Gurgaon the widest reach and acceptance by all key stakeholders.

Dinesh K Sarraf

President, Global Compact Network India

and Chairman & Managing Director,

Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited

Message

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I am glad to know that Global Compact Network, India, is supporting Rapid Metro Gurgaon in preparing its first sustainability report, an exercise which goes beyond transitional approach of Global Compact Network’s functional paradigm in providing unique and differentiated service. This development will set the GCN India’s activities and interventions apart from rest of its peers worldwide.

This development assumes greater significance at a time when GCN, India, is charting a more definitive route of engagement through its Strategic Plan 2015-2020 that mandates it to expand the scope of its activities and escalate more collaborative and partnership approaches with members on a range of issues areas and work streams.

As the Ten Principles of United Nations Global Compact continue to provide constant motivation, Sustainability issues gain ample transaction, specially in run up COP 21 in Paris this year and preceeding the roll out of the post -2015 Sustainable

Development Goals. The focus now is squarely on the integration of three of sustainability pillars namely ecological, economical and social.

Rapid Metro’s case is a unique example of PPP project in urban transport and would provide inspiration as a replicable model to others elsewhere.

We value this partnership between Rapid Metro and GCN, India and hope it grows further.

Dr. Uddesh Kohli

Executive Member, Governing Council, Global Compact

Network India and Senior Adviser, United Nations Global

Compact, New York

Message

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AC Air ConditionerATC Automatic Train Control SystemsATM Automated teller machineATP Automatic Train Protection SystemsC02 Carbon DioxideCCTV Closed-Circuit TelevisionCCZ Congestion Charge Zone CDM Clean Development Mechanism CEO Chief Executive OfficerCNG Compressed Natural GasCO Carbon MonoxideCPCB Central Pollution Control BoardCSR Corporate Social ResponsibilityDGs Diesel Gensets DMRC Delhi Metro Rail CorporationEHS Environment Health and SafetyEU European UnionGCNI Global Compact Network IndiaGDP Gross Domestic ProductGMUC Gurgaon Manesar Urban Complex GNP Gross National ProductHC HydrocarbonHUDA Haryana Urban Development Authority ICTs Information and Communications

TechnologyIFFCO Indian Farmers Fertiliser CooperativeIGI Indira Gandhi International AirportIL&FS Infrastructure Leasing & Financial ServicesISO International Organisation for

StandardisationIT Information Technology

IT-BPM Information Technology - Business Process Management

Km KilometreKM/HR Kilometre-per-hourLED Light-Emitting DiodeMOEF Ministry of Environment and ForestMRTS Mass Rapid Transit SystemNASSCOM National Association of Software and

Services CompaniesNCR National Capital RegionNH National HighwayOOH Out-of-Home PCB Pollution Control BoardPM Particulate MatterQ1 Quarter 1RMGL Rapid MetroRail Gurgaon Limited SCADA Supervisory Control and Data AcquisitionSEZ Special Economic ZoneSL Storstockholms Lokaltrafik SMS Short Message ServicesSPM Suspended Particulate MatterSPV Special purpose vehicle STM Societe de transport de Montreal TfL Transport for LondonTV TelevisionUN United NationsU.S United StatesUNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on

Climate ChangeWHO World Health OrganisationWi-Fi Wireless Fidelity

02ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS


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Urban India continues to face several challenges related to reliable and safe public transport and last mile connectivity for commuters. In this context, the need for building collective action through public and private partnerships for urgent and innovative solutions aimed at enhancing access to this public good cannot be overstated.

Consider this.

India’s urbanisation has been faster than its peers in the developing economies

Suburban growth is the signature of India’s urbanisation

India’s population is likely to hit approximately 1.7 billion by 2040, and

Approximately 3/4th of the population is likely to move to urban areas, giving rise to greater frequency of travel

The stress on urban transport infrastructure is only increasing in the country. This calls for viable and innovative options to transform urban mobility systems into sustainable pillars of inclusive economic growth.

Globally, the governments and private sector actors have been collaborating to strengthen public transportation. As the backbone of a nation’s progress, public transport is a key enabler in creating opportunities premised on the goals of equity, inclusion and better quality of life for all. It is evident that well-developed urban transportation

creates enabling conditions for economic efficiency, social inclusion and environmental protection.

Governments have been trying to arrest the declining share of public transport, promote complementary facilities of non-motorised transport; address the neglect of pedestrians, cyclists and public transport users; and curb increase in pollution and road causalities. The opportunities, however, far outweigh the challenges in providing convenient, safe and viable means of transportation at reasonable price points.

With the positive relationship between mobility and economic growth, environmental, social and economic dimensions continue to gain traction. Seen through the lens of sustainability, mobility means movement of people, goods and services in alignment with the principles of the ‘triple bottom line’. Sustainable mobility, therefore, has become a key consideration in public policy considerations, civil society interventions and business approaches in terms of collaborative delivery of this critical public good.

Solutions need to be designed strategically, based on the geographic, demographic and developmental characteristics of a city. Local conditions require contextualised innovation, and, therefore, differentiated solutions are warranted to provide effective solutions for the urban transport sector. Strategies for re-designing, integration of existing modes of transportation and increasing access through infrastructure development are some of the measures that can meet the urban mobility challenge.

03INTRODUCTION


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Improvisation is the key to create better products and services that meet the changing needs and consumer preferences. In the case of public transport, improvisation entails redesigning and expanding existing systems and developing innovative technologies and means to accommodate the changing realities. This is a continuous process, even for the relatively more mature city transport systems. In November 2013 Mayor of London announced significant changes in the London Metro, for creating better facilities, such as ‘contactless’ bank card payment technology, extended Wi-Fi coverage at underground stations, improved ticket machines for commuters in the city. Such improvements are geared towards increasing commuter loyalty, building public image and encouraging more people to use public transport. Hong Kong Metro stands out as an interesting case that provides discretionary passes to first-time ticket-less travellers, who may have not bought tickets for genuine reasons, as a goodwill gesture. Public transport also supports improvement of city infrastructure. Research shows that cities with good roads and transport systems develop faster and in a more sustainable manner, ensuring provision of facilities and accessibility for citizens compared with others.

Better load factor ensures financial sustainability in mobility. It is reasonably estimated that higher footfall leads to better prospects of revenue earning and earlier break-even for operators and investors. Analysis of economic viability of public transport should include monetisation of savings on external costs related to congestion, accidents, air quality, noise pollution and CO2 emissions. According to the Bombardier, a train and plane manufacturing company, in U.S. alone, congestion translated

into costs of $78 billion due to delays and fuel consumption in 2005.

Public transport systems are seen as long-term investments. This viewpoint has, however, changed in recent times. Public transport providers are innovating to leverage every conceivable opportunity to stem losses and earn revenues. Advertising revenue from private firms’ visibility initiatives at stations and in coaches, are some examples. The London Metro stations and coaches provide space for private firms to put up their advertisement for a fee, creating an additional revenue stream. In India Rapid Metro has been a pioneer in this area, while collaborating with private firms including Vodafone, INDUSIND Bank and Micromax, by providing advertising and branding space to these firms for a fee.

Public transport also needs to revamp its existing systems to turn it into a more sustainable proposition. Adapting to technological advancements would enable public transit systems to increase commuter convenience, safety and security, reduce emissions and waste of water, energy and electricity. Evidence from our research suggests that public transit systems, which are able to keep up with the changing times and integrate technologies such as mobile ticketing, smart cards, energy saving measures, have been able to achieve increased ridership by building commuters’ trust with their sustainability initiatives.

Public transport adds great value to a city. While being environmentally and economically a sustainable mode of commuting, public transport also enables a better urban life by encouraging social inclusion and increasing use of public

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spaces for walking, cycling and relaxing. It rebalances public spaces in the city, giving greater priority to pedestrian needs, and safe and secure environments.

Transport operators are conscious about their role in ensuring that their passengers’ journey is comfortable. In this context, it is important that the journey be turned into an experience rather than just a point-to-point connectivity. Globally, public transport operators are working towards providing various special services such as WiFi connectivity access to news and entertainment, and shopping arenas in metro stations, etc. to provide maximum benefits to the commuter.

Public transport operators are moving beyond reactive and incremental responses to external pressures, towards a new understanding– that sustainability allows opportunities for achieving a competitive edge through social and technological innovation for differentiated growth and superior performance. By bringing changes and improvements in the value chain, public transport operators can ensure better ridership, earning greater commuter confidence. Value chain improvement can include expanded services, better stations facilities, clean coaches and better travel experience.

Changing public perception needs to be a key strategy, since public transport is commonly associated with crowded spaces, lack of security, unreliability and inconvenience. Investors deploy heavy financial resources in urban mobility infrastructure and in the absence of its optimal utilisation, such projects become more cost

intensive given their size, rising land prices and land acquisition issues. User adoption is therefore a critical requirement for viability of these investments. Globally, transport operators are working toward promoting the use of public transport as the smarter way to travel, thus influencing public opinion in its favour. Mobility, besides being a life line for economic and social activity, also evolves as a city’s legacy that must be an integral message in any advocacy for influencing perceptions, attitudes and behaviour.

Reliable road, highway and transit systems are essential for cities to be liveable and develop as growth centres. Development of such infrastructure is the broad mandate of the government. To better implement such projects, the government and the private sector can collaborate to effectively leverage their respective strengths in order to develop better mobility options. Public-private partnership seems the most favoured route globally as it builds on shared responsibility for completion, management and/or financing of these public good projects. Such partnerships can be beneficial in a number of ways to allow for more efficient use of existing transport infrastructure while developing new modes and re-designing existing ones for better connectivity.

The United Nations is currently working toward new set of global development goals to be formally adopted by nation states in September 2015 through the General Assembly Resolution. Sustainable cities and urbanisation will be at the heart of these goals, which will continue to run up to 2030, a major mile stone in human history from the perspectives of growth, development and economic well being.

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In a trend that is bound to intensify further, governments, globally, are working toward developing sustainable cities that meet the social, economic and environmental concerns of their people. The focus is on creating sustainable high-quality urban centres that would be home to billions in the next 15 years without any compromise on harmony with regard to mobility, societal integration and the environment. Urban transport and mobility within this context assume greater significance, given the fact that the transportation comprises the backbone of city infrastructure as it creates access for its citizens. In recognition of the importance of transportation as a trigger for economic activity and its importance in realising sustainable development, a dedicated goal in the post-2015 regime proposed by the United Nations is: “universal access to safe, clean and affordable transport,” for which various relevant goals, targets, and indicators are being suggested. The ‘Cities for future’ report of the United Nations Global Compact released in April this year

contextualises 21 cities from the vantage point of climate, water, CSR, urbanisation and offers good cases that may be emulated by others.

Public transport and urban mobility can be the effective support system to a city’s infrastructure development, to enable access to more job opportunities, consequently becoming a significant factor in alleviating poverty.

We only need to seize the moment, stand up to the grand challenge and move forward.

Pooran Chandra Pandey

Executive Director

Global Compact Network India

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CONTEXT SETTING

Rapid and continuous growth of population in India has given rise of several problems, especially those being faced in the major metropolitan cities. It is evident that many of these are directly connected to transportation as it is one of the biggest challenges in an urban sprawl where there is dearth of space and safe access.

Transport industry worldwide fuel the economy in a big way. With the changing trend, sustainable public transport is a necessity and many nations have already opted to invest in better road and air transports by adopting innovative solutions. It has now become crucial for countries to maintain a balance between their road, air and rail transit systems for economic and environmental growth.

Advancements made in technology expose people to new courses and better techniques in all domains of their daily life. About 200 years after the railway was invented, we are now gearing up for some dramatic changes in the way we commute. The next decade or two will witness a global high speed rail network that will connect not only cities, states or countries, but even the continents.

The rising environmental crisis is creating demands for sustainable mode of transport such as railways for connecting people. This is also leading to structural realignment within the transport industry

with greater focus on energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. Globally, also there are various ecological and business factors that are increasingly shaping the need for efficient surface transportation. These include urbanisation and population growth, traffic congestion in urban areas, demographic changes, global warming, enhanced economic productivity, oil scarcity and price rise and urge to improve quality of life in cities.

Based on our research, we have been able to identify some mega trends that are influencing the demand for mass transport solutions.

Demographic Patterns

Increase in population worldwide is accompanied by three major trends and these include ageing and less youthful societies, migration and growing urbanisation.

Ageing: Advancement in medical sciences has increased life expectancy and reduced mortality rate. Thus, ageing is an important factor to be considered not only for developed economies but also for the developing economies. Globally, the median age is projected to increase from 29 to 36 years between 2013 and 2050 and to 41 years in 21001. Countries with significant population above the age of 60 would need to make available better

1 United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, Highlights and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.228, Available on http://esa.un.org/wpp/documentation/pdf/wpp2012_highlights.pdf

04SUSTAINABILITYREPORT

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services that serve the elderly. The shrinking number of youthful societies will also put pressure for better transport system that is more convenient, safe and secure.

Migration: Changing climatic conditions, economic growth, increased job opportunities and better facilities trigger the movement of people to urban areas. This trend will further intensify in the future, creating pressure for need for better transportation.

Urbanisation: Lastly, the growing cities also impact the demographic pattern. As cities grow in terms of population, it creates increasing pressure for housing and transport facilities.

Urbanisation and Population Growth

There is growing trend among people to move towards cities. According to United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs nearly 1.3 million people move within cities every week. It is estimated that by 2050 over 70% of the world’s population would reside in cities2.

In India, the exponential rise in urban population from a meager 62 million in 1951 to 285 million

in 2001 is an indicative of a growing country and economy. Moreover, it is expected to rise to 540 million by 2021. Percentage of urban population in proportion to total population has also increased from 17% in 1951 to 29% in 2001 and will continue to rise up to 37% by 20213. This has changed the demographic layout across cities with increase in household income and industrial and commercial activities, thus creating greater demand for good transport system. Public Transport systems, in this scenario need to transform and adapt itself to the changing times, so that the demands of the people for connectivity and access are met.

Urban Congestion Leading to Pollution

Air pollution in urban areas is a consequence of many factors like topography, meteorology, industrial growth, transportation systems and expanding populations. Across the world, dangerous pollutants like nitrogen oxide, carbon dioxide and other particulate matter emissions from increasing number of automobiles is of major cause of concern. While world population has doubled since 1950, the usage of automobiles has increased by a factor of 10 globally.

2 American Market Intelligence, (n.d), ‘The Urbanization Megatrend and How It Will Change Your Business’ Available on http://americasmi.com/en_US/expertise/articles-trends/page/the-urbanization-megatrend-and-how-it-will-change-your-business 3 Mahesh Kapoor (2002), Vision 2020: Transport, Available on http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/genrep/bkpap2020/11_bg2020.pdf

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Evidently, the increase in number of cars on roads results in heavy congestion leading to delay. This further affects the opportunities and productivity of the citizens. An ever growing population and the exponential increase in automobile use would only exacerbate this situation. Urban air pollution contributes to several deaths during a year. In such scenarios, an increment in automobile usage—a plausible scenario considering world population projections—could prove fatal for both humans and the environment as a whole.

Climate Change

CO2 emission from vehicles is one of the major contributing factors for climate change and global warming. As per United Nations study on climate change, while on one hand delay in action on climate costs at least a continuous 5% of the world’s GDP, on the other achieving the needed CO2 emission reduction by 2050 would cost only 1.1% of the world’s GDP. Therefore, a quick and determined action is needed to stimulate the economy and the fight against global warming4. In such scenario, promotion of public transport system can play an important role in reducing the carbon emission and thereby arresting climate change and global warming.

These mega factors clearly point out toward the idea of encouraging public transport system as a sustainable mode of conveyance.

Transport System in India and Factors Leading to Mass Surface Transport

Transport is one of the most important parts of India’s financial system. Ever since the economic liberalisation in 1990s, transport system in India has evolved and many new modes have been introduced to facilitate convenient travel. Today although we enjoy a variety of options for commuting on land, water and air, studies conducted on transport system in India, clearly show that access to transport has not been uniform.

According to a survey conducted by Delhi University’s Department of Urban Planning, 65% of current city commuters have troubles availing transport, and 40% of private mode users have issues with last-mile connectivity5. Such problems coupled with factors such as insecurity, over-crowding, delay and unreliability are the main reasons that inhibit people from travelling in public transport. It is believed that 50% of private car users are willing to use public transport only when there are appropriate link services in place to reach the transport lines from homes and workplaces and vice-versa. Therefore, the local governing bodies need to work toward developing reliable mode of mass transit that facilitate brisk network within the city. This can be made possible through mutual cooperation and fruitful partnerships between transit operators, public organisations, municipal authorities and public at large.

4 United States Environmental Protection Agency, (n.d), ‘Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data’, Available on http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html5 Chidambara, (n.d), ‘Last Mile Connectivity (LMC) for Enhancing Accessibility of Rapid Transit Systems’ Available on http://www.transed2012.in/Common/Uploads/Theme_E%20Session%201%20Regency%20I/380-paper-transedAbstract00073.pdf

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Cities have an imperative position in generating economic growth. For overall growth and sustainable development, a city largely depends upon their physical, social and institutional infrastructure. Hence in this framework, the importance of transport infrastructure becomes even more relevant. High-quality, good and reliable public transport network in a booming city enables creating an equitable future and ensures sustainable growth of cities.

Gurgaon

Gurgaon city comes under National Capital Region (NCR) with the third highest per capita income in India. It is an important city in Haryana because of its close proximity to the country’s capital. It is a hub of large IT companies & home to more than 400 companies. Gurgaon’s transformation over the years to a business hub has been the single most important factor that has led to population growth. It has registered highest population growth in the state i.e., 73.96%, while its neighbouring districts, Mewat and Faridabad recorded 37.94% and 31.75% respectively from 2001 to 20116.

Like other cities, Delhi -NCR also face problems of high population, increasing number of private cars and subsequent pollution and congestion. These issues have forced the governments in major

cities across India to scout for

better mass transport systems. Cities like Delhi and

Gurgaon are now on the move to make substantial investments to improve

the existing systems and to put new measures into practice. However, even as Gurgaon is on an investing spree in metro rail system known as - “last-mile connectivity” – connecting people from their homes to transport hub that is still a concern.

In order to boost the last-mile connectivity, Gurgaon is building on its infrastructure at a higher level with the help of private sector investment. With investments from firms like IL&FS, one and half year ago (i.e., November 2013), the Rapid Metro became India’s first fully private-funded mass transport business enterprise that rolled out its operations in Gurgaon. The primary aim of Rapid Metro is to tackle the issue of last-mile connectivity by connecting commuters from the nearby Delhi Metro to six key places within Gurgaon, including the business center “Cyber City”.

The first phase of Rapid Metro transit set out its operation in November 2013 from Sikanderpur with a total number of six stations covering a distance of 5.1 km. The basic design of Rapid Metro between Sikanderpur and DLF Phase II is double tracked while the rest of the Rapid Metro system consists of a single tracked loop that includes

6 Affordable Homes India (2015), ‘Gurgaon Population Trends Past,Present & Future’, Available on http://www.affordablehomesindia.com/post/16/Gurgaon-Population-Trends-PastPresent-Future

For mass transit systems like buses and metros to be sustainable, last-mile connectivity issues need to be addressed. Urban infrastructure should be aligned to the needs of pedestrians, for example in the form of safe walkways and cycling corridors to help promote the adoption of public transport.

Deep KalraFounder & Group CEO, Makemytrip.com

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DLF Phase II, Belvedere Towers, Gateway Tower, Moulsari Avenue and DLF Phase III metro stations.

The Sikanderpur station of Rapid Metro connects the commuters to Delhi Metro, thereby increasing connectivity to Delhi. Further to make the travel comfortable for commuters, travellers can use the same tokens both in Delhi Metro and Rapid Metro.

Each train with the capacity of 800 passengers in three coaches is designed in a way to carry as much as 30000 passengers per hour. The trains have a maximum permitted speed of 60 kmph and an average speed of 30 kmph.

The coaches are 2.8 m wide with roof-mounted air conditioning along with four doors on each side of the coach. The second phase of the metro will run from Sikanderpur station to Sector 56 in Gurgaon. It will be a 6.6 km-long stretch consisting of fi ve stations to be travelled in a span of eighteen minutes. It is expected to be operational by July 2016. The developers also have plans of expanding the metro to Udyog Vihar and old city of Gurgaon.

Considered a cheap mode of transport, the MRTS is designed in such a way that it reduces energy consumption making it eco-friendly (as the train runs on electrical energy, it minimises air and sound pollution), comes with layers of checkpoints to avert accidents, uses space effi ciently to provide highly comfortable coaches with modern systems like automatic ticketing, advanced signalling systems and integrated security systems. Innovation and technology also acts as important factors pushing the demand for rapid transit system in Gurgaon. Each train car has four sets of electric bi-parting and sliding plug doors on both sides, ballast-less track and flange lubrication system to minimise vibration, noise and air pollution. Air-conditioned

trains provide safe, reliable and pollution-free option to commuters. Trains regenerate power and re-feed the line during braking. Regenerative braking technology helps reduce carbon emissions, thus help earn valuable carbon credits under UN’s Clean Development Mechanism.

Services like ATMs, food outlets, cafés and convenience stores at the station further makes the ride more prolifi c. Also, these facilities act as a driving factor for business opportunity thus leading to economic development.

Conclusion

Analysis of mega trends globally, in India and in Gurgaon, brings forth the importance of healthier, vigorous and holistic government participation for enabling development of an effi cient public transport system. There is also an urgent need for collaborative efforts among various stakeholders to provide strong traction for mobility with the government sector playing a signifi cant role.

Gurgaon, although is connected to Delhi via the Delhi Metro, but the connectivity inside Gurgaon was a matter of concern. This gap area is now catered to by Rapid Metro, a network through which every part of Gurgaon will soon be connected to one another. These developments not only benefi t the daily commuters, but also have an important impact on real estate development in Delhi and Gurgaon. Rapid Metro is backed by improved infrastructural development and is expected to give the much needed push to the realty sector of Gurgaon. With the help of a smart mix of quantitative and qualitative measures (i.e., monetary and high-end technology), this mass surface transport can prove to be a boon for Gurgaon.

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Globally, challenges with regard to climate change, urbanisation, migration, growing consumption of natural resources, carbon emission, energy and water crisis have serious impacts on markets, businesses, and society at large. In this changing scenario, business houses are now working towards providing new perspectives of growth that benefits both companies and society, leading to a positive impact on the triple bottom line — people, planet and profit. In a departure from the past, businesses are making steady progress on embedding sustainability practices into their processes and operations. They are leveraging technology advancements to innovate, to upscale their activities to partner with local communities and to collaborate with the state. Businesses are now more cognisant of the need to create long term value and address global challenges in a strategic manner.

In a study conducted with 19 leading Indian and global business houses, GCNI has identified some sustainability trends a range of sectors.

• Sustainability is good business.

• Sustainability relates to change in mindsets, not just change in processes.

• Sustainability is a good model for social value creation.

• Community participation is a key to drive the sustainability agenda.

• Voluntary sustainability policies and codes of conduct ensure greater transparency.

• Product responsibility makes a good business case.

• Technology and innovation are critical leverage points for attaining scale and efficiency

• Extending sustainability to supply chains leads to co-creation of social and business value.

• State incentives can help businesses escalate their sustainability initiatives.

• Adoption of bottom-up approaches will fast track social license to operate and grow.

• Robust internal mechanisms are key to increasing efficiency in business operations.

• Sustainability initiatives enhance business brand value and reputation.

• Global Compact’s Ten Universal Principles are driving sustainability agenda globally.

Sustainability is Good Business

Sustainability is a key driving factor that facilitates the growth trajectory, aligning global competitiveness and inclusivity. There is increasing realisation that the economic and social environment in which a company operates, poses a number of issues with direct implications for its growth. Companies across the world are clearer today that the triple bottom line concept can help optimise profits and also address critical social and environmental challenges.

Sustainability relates to change in mindsets, not just change in processes

It is important that sustainability measures be implemented with a long-term, holistic approach,

05PILLARS OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSFORMATION


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Images courtesy Raahgiri

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taking into account the welfare of all stakeholders and the environment. In other words, we should not stop at challenging unsustainable practices, but go beyond and change the way we think and engage with a constructive attitude to contribute towards a better future for all.

Sustainability is a Good Model for Social Value Creation

Enterprises have understood that it is in their best interest to bridge gaps with all key stakeholders and particularly with the local communities in which they operate. Organisations worldwide have also recognised that the best way to achieve scale, efficiency and significant impact on communities is through innovation and transformational approaches which open up new market opportunities. Social value creation works well for business performance and establishes a balance between private profit and public good.

Community Participation is a Key to Drive the Sustainability Agenda

Business establishments are meticulously working to engage communities that have become an intrinsic part in their successful operations. Obtaining social licence to operate is not the prerogative, but business houses are increasingly innovating to weave community welfare into their strategies. It is evident that their involvement in the community provides as a sound platform for interaction and learning. More partnerships and collaborations in the form of joint programmes, also help co-create more sustainable business processes based on the local needs. Community engagement

provides an opportunity to appreciate one another’s perspectives and goes a long way in building mutual trust.

Voluntary Sustainability Policies and Codes of Conduct Ensure Greater Transparency

Companies adopt various principles and codes of conduct relevant to their sectors and industries. These include, for example environmental, health and safety (EHS) and supplier/vendor policies. The United Nations Global Compact’s (UNGC) principles for human rights, labour, anti-corruption and environment are well known voluntary sustainability initiatives adopted by more than 8000 firms globally. These companies publicly disclose their performance on these principles through sustainability reports published annually. Sectors such as automotive, infrastructure, cement, electric utilities, metals and mining are prompt in submitting their reports on voluntary sustainability principles.

Product Responsibility Makes a Good Business Case

Product responsibility entails three aspects: customer benefit, safety standards and environmental and climate compatibility. Companies, especially in the manufacturing sector, realise that both the production methodology and the product itself should be sustainable. Companies are also seen to be addressing both environmental and social issues across the product life cycle.

Technology and innovation are critical leverage points for attaining scale and efficiency

Many organisations now realise that sustainability

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can be achieved by reducing their environmental footprint and by increasing investments in environment-friendly technologies. A few have demonstrated operations with enhanced energy efficiency by exploring alternate avenues of energy sources and cleaner technologies such as use of non-coking coal, solar and wind energy, hydel power and waste management. The renewable energy agenda is gaining traction among industries with a few committing to reach 100 percent renewable energy goals in both their medium to long-term projects. Achieving these goals will be a major push towards clean and sustainable growth, in alignment with the sustainable development plan of the United Nations and the post 2015 architecture.

Extending Sustainability to Supply Chain leads to Co-creation of Social and Business Value

The influence of investors, shareholders, customers and non-governmental organisations on companies drives them towards integrating sustainability into their supply chains as well. By managing and improving environmental, social and economic performance throughout supply chains, firms can conserve resources, optimise processes, explore product innovations, save costs, increase productivity and promote corporate values. Companies are therefore transforming their procurement processes and instituting policies such as suppliers’ codes of conduct and sustainability awareness programmes for suppliers. Companies are also found to be encouraging transparency and awarding more business to suppliers who

exhibit strong sustainability

performance indicators. Such programmes and

policies are generally aimed at enhancing performance of a company

and that of its suppliers.

State Incentives can Help Businesses Escalate their Sustainability Initiatives

The business environment in India is challenging because of the bureaucratic and administrative processes involved in running a business. Most companies mention that the current policy regime in India does not offer clear incentives for integrating sustainability in business. Incentives offered by the government are limited to technological innovations by companies, with no or little recognition for adopting practices that minimise waste and improve process efficiency. In order to encourage industrial practices for sustainability, the government can offer incentives such as tax benefits, water cess benefits, etc.

Adoption of Bottom-up Approaches will Fast Track Social License to Operate and Grow

Social license to operate is an essential component for reducing the risks of public criticism and conflicts, which otherwise would damage a company’s reputation. Sustainable practices offer company opportunities to win the trust of the larger community and thus get the social license to operate. It also provides a wide platform for companies to shift from a linear obligation that is limited to shareholders, to a multiple stakeholder model.

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Robust Internal Mechanisms are Key to Increasing Efficiency in Business Operations

Businesses are developing robust internal mechanisms such as sustainability leadership teams, to drive this agenda. Companies have also developed appropriate systems to measure their greenhouse gas emissions. Best practices and processes to implement and monitor sustainability policies such as for environmental management and employee health and safety are also being established. There are examples of businesses aligning their processes to ensure a rapid response to emergencies, based on better inter-departmental co-ordination for efficiency. Growing involvement of the top leadership in driving the sustainability agenda forward is also now evident.

Sustainability Initiatives Enhance Business Brand Value and Reputation

Retailers and brands are witnessing the value that sustainability has created for their business, and the brand loyalty that it builds. They are realising that the assessment and improvement of environmental and social performance through

their value chain is increasing customer confidence. These interventions are leveraging community participation at the grass root level. It is quite evident that sustainability initiatives adopted by businesses in partnership with communities are bringing forth new innovative practices that are embedded within their local culture and remain aligned simultaneously with their overall business strategy.

Global Compact’s Ten Universal Principles are Driving Sustainability Agenda Globally

Global Compact and its ten universal principles around human rights and anti-corruption are the strategic sustainability initiatives being pursued by approximately 8000 global businesses. These businesses are committed to identifying key issues and addressing them in a voluntary, yet transparent manner. Many businesses are of the view that voluntary sustainability initiatives and codes of conduct are more effective in strengthening business processes and value chains. This belief is evident in their commitment to the ten Global Compact principles and the scaling up of their reporting.

Sustainability Initiatives by the corporate community in Gurgaon.Images courtesy internet.

Walking, cycling and public transport are key to sustainable development of urban centers. 70% of urban infrastructure is yet to be built in India and herein lies an opportunity for Indian cities to be developed in tandem with these sustainable modes of transport.

Amit Bhatt Director (Transport), EMBARQ - WRI India

Image courtesy Navdeep Asija

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Pillars of Sustainable Transformation: Rapid Metro — A Case Study

Core Strength Impact Actions

Sustainability is good business

Facilitates the growth trajectory, aligning competitiveness and inclusivity.

• Promotion of Rapid Metro as a sustainable ‘last mile connectivity’ public transport option that facilitates easy travel at minimal cost.

Sustainability relates to change in mindsets, not just change in processes

Changing ways of thinking and attitudes for creating a better future for all.

• Organised programmes such as CEOs’ walk to Work/CEOs’ ride in the Metro, in partnership with NASSCOM to encourage more people to use public transport instead of private vehicles.

• Organised ‘Rapid Walk’ 2012 and 2013, a walkathon to encourage everyone to walk more often for a healthier lifestyle and a greener Gurgaon.

Sustainability is a good model for social value creation

Social value creation in the long term helps sustain processes and benefits all stakeholders.

• Creates value for social inclusion.

• Organises free Healthcare Camps to raise awareness about health issues.

• Provides cheap and efficient mode of transport that has lower emission levels.

• Provides free shuttle service between station and nearby commercial hub.

Community participation is a key to drive the sustainability agenda

Sustainable business processes which address local needs build trust with key stakeholders.

• ‘Last mile connectivity’ solution to address the challenges of commuters in travelling between Gurgaon and Delhi.

• Connects with commuters through a 24X7 call centre that collects feedback and answers queries.

Voluntary sustainability policies and codes of conduct ensure greater transparency.

Serves as a differentiator for achieving competitiveness and foster investor confidence, trust and employee loyalty.

• Registered with UNFCCC and MOEF for carbon emission.

• Adherence and respect for ten universal principles of Global Compact (human rights, labour, environment and anti-corruption)

• Reporting through annual reports.

Product responsibility makes a good business case.

Importance is given to the product as a whole and not just the manufacturing process.

• Ensuring safety, security, convenience, cost effectiveness in design and operation.

• Monitoring Carbon emissions with the objective of minimising.

• Planting trees to offset carbon and replenish those that have been cut for construction of metro.

Technology and innovation are critical leverage points for attaining scale and efficiency

Reduces environmental footprint, impetus to innovative technology, improves energy efficiency.

• Adoption of innovative technologies such as regenerative brake system, sensor lights, automated AC, etc., to minimise energy and water consumption and emissions.

• Provides a mass transport option for people, thereby reducing private vehicles on road.

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Core Strength Impact Actions

Extending sustainability to supply chain leads to co-creation of social and business value.

Enables resource conservation, process optimisation, product innovation, cost reduction, higher productivity and promotes corporate values.

• Rapid Metro has partnered with Thales, Fibcom and Siemens as suppliers of various equipment and technology for the rail system. These companies have integrated sustainability within their operations, thus ensuring sustainable supply chain for Rapid Metro.

State incentives can help businesses escalate their sustainability initiatives.

Builds confidence among companies to undertake risks and facilitate innovation for greater good.

• Rapid Metro has partnered with Haryana Urban Development Authority for implementation of the project and has been provided with the concession agreement period of 99 years.

Adoption of bottom-up approaches will fast track social license to operate and grow.

Increased employee engagement and community participation lead to greater confidence-building and reduce risk of criticism and conflict.

• Encourages teamwork among employees to ensure empowerment and innovation.

• Promotes corporate participation through awareness campaigns about public transport.

• Increased interaction with community to create greater buy-in for public transport.

• Connects with community through health and education programmes.

Robust internal mechanisms are key to increasing efficiency in business operations.

Ensures close and continuous monitoring of sustainability practices across the value chain.

• Created separate business and departmental verticals for monitoring carbon emissions, systems maintenance, and green and CSR initiatives.

Sustainability initiatives enhance business brand value and reputation

Greater visibility and customer confidence through improvement in environmental and social performance in the value chain.

• Collaborates with corporate houses for greater visibility.

• Promotes unique sustainable features of Rapid Metro through advocacy materials, website, etc.

• Introduced the concept of branding of stations and trains for creating ownership of public infrastructure by the business sector.

Global Compact’s Ten Universal Principles are driving sustainability agenda globally

Increased effectiveness in escalating business processes and value chains.

• Rapid Metro has joined Global Compact as its member and is committed to take forward the ten universal principles across processes, policies and strategic business interventions.

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Berlin1

The Berlin – U-Bahn, a rapid transit railway in Berlin, the capital of Germany, began operations in 1902 and now includes 173 stations spread across 10 lines with a track length of 151.7 km. It is further integrated with S-Bahn with 15 lines and 166 stations which extend into the neighbouring state of Brandenburg. During the weekdays, U-Bahn lines runs from 4:00 a.m. to 1:00 a.m and the whole day during weekends, with 10 and 15 minute intervals during the day and night, respectively. The metro has three tariff zones. A single-fare ticket is valid for for two hours through the city and its price ranges from €1.70 to €2.40. It also provides a short distance ticket which costs €1.20 and counts for three stops with S- and U-Bahn, with permission for changing trains. Around 1 million passengers use the U-Bahn every day.

All stations and metros are equipped with flat screen TVs, broadcasting news. The stations also have art displays of the 1960s’ minimalism, 1970s’ pop art and postmodernism, etc. There is a metro museum at Olympiastadion, a Berlin U-Bahn station.

In S-Bahn and U-Bahn, there are specific cars that permit prams and wheelchairs in special circumstances. Bikes can be carried at an additional fee of €1.80.

A special Berlin environmental zone covers the centre of Berlin inside the S-Bahn ring. A green sticker is essential in order to drive within this zone.

Delhi2

Delhi Metro opened its first corridor between Shahdara and Tis Hazari on 25th December, 2002.

Among all the technological advancements in the transport sector, Metro Rail is one of the most prominent and useful. Metro Rail, commonly called Metro, is a largely underground electric railway system. Data up to October 2014 indicates that 148 cities in 55 countries across the world have approximately 160 metro systems in place.

Metro systems, world over, make travel within the city, not only safe, convenient, environment-friendly and cost-effective, they can also transform a journey into an experience. The ambience of a modern, well-designed station and rails with multiple facilities including food, shopping and entertainment makes it far more than a transportation system.

This section provides a glimpse into some of best metros in the world.

06GLOBAL GOOD PRACTICES ON CITY METROS

1 Berlin Metro Website, http://www.berlin.de/en2 Delhi Metro website, http://www.delhimetrorail.com/


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It subsequently expanded to include 193 operational kilometres with 141 stations along with six more stations of the Airport Express Link. The network has now crossed the boundaries of Delhi to reach NOIDA and Ghaziabad in Uttar Pradesh and Gurgaon in Haryana. Many of its stations have been developed as shopping and relaxation destinations as well.

While the metro starts from 5:30 am to 11:30 pm, the timings of the first and last trains vary at each station. The Airport Metro Express line operates from 4.45 am till the last drop off at 11.30 pm. The

time duration is about to 2-3 minutes during peak hours and 5-10 minutes during off peak hours.

The Delhi Metro is first ever railway project in the world to claim carbon credits for regenerative braking. It is also certified by the United Nations (UN) as the first Metro Rail and Rail based system in the world to get carbon credits for reducing Green House gas emissions, as it has helped reduce pollution levels in the city by 6.3 lakh tonne every year, thus helping reduce global warming. It has also set up a roof top solar power plant at the Dwarka Sector 21 Metro station, which generates 500 kWp power. All

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new stations in the forthcoming third phase will also be designed as green buildings. Currently, in the third phase of construction, it is in the process of building another 140 kilometre of Metro lines that will weave a web of Metro corridors along the city’s Ring Road, besides connecting many other localities. Metro services will also reach Faridabad and Bahadurgarh in Haryana. Apart from providing Delhites with a comfortable public transport option, the Delhi Metro is also contributing significantly towards controlling pollution as well as reducing vehicular congestion on the roads. According to a study, Delhi Metro has helped in removing about 3.9 lakh vehicles from the streets of Delhi.

Dubai3

Dubai Metro is one of the recently launched metro systems, functional since September 2009. It is a driverless, fully automated metro rail network in the United Arab Emirates and the first urban train network in the Arabian Peninsula. The total number of stations covered by Dubai Metro is 47, with daily ridership of around 3.7 lakh. Dubai metro has been declared by Guinness World Records as the world’s longest fully-automated metro network with a route length of 75 km.

That ‘Bigger need not be always better’ is evident in the pocket-size Dubai Metro system. Only part of this train runs underground; it also connects with a monorail and offers the best train view over Dubai and the Gulf. Each station has Wi-Fi access (at additional cost), cell-phone signal and elevator access to all platforms.

Each metro station is decorated to reflect one of the four themes—earth, water, fire and air.

Tickets cost from 2Dhs ($0.50) and the system is open from 6:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. (until 1:00 a.m. on Thursdays and 1:00 p.m. to 1:00 a.m. on Fridays). Dubai Metro has a high level of security with platform screen doors and corresponding flash light signals installed at every station. Dubai Metro is considered as one of the world’s safest and most punctual metro systems.

As per the Serco Corporate Responsibility Report 2011, Dubai Metro is one the most environment-friendly and sustainable mode of transports and is contributing directly to a cleaner environment in the UAE. It is designed with thermal wall insulation and glazing systems to limit exposure to heat and to optimise air conditioning.

Hong Kong’s MTR4

Hong Kong’s MTR (Mass Transit Railway) started operating in 1979. This rapid transit system includes 218.2 km of track, with 10 lines serving Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, spread across 115 stations. This also includes an Airport Express service. More than 4 million people travel via this network daily. The MTR runs from about 6:00 a.m. to 1:00 a.m. with a peak-time frequency of 2 to 3 minutes. The fare is cheap, starting at HK$3.50, varying according to distance from origin, while discount cards (Octopus cards) are available as well. Moreover, senior citizens, students and children below the age of 12 are eligible for concessional

3 Dubai Metro Website, http://dubaimetro.eu/4 Hong Kong Metro Website, http://www.mtr.com.hk/en/customer/tourist/index.php

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rates. Safety is a major concern as reflected in informative poster campaigns and penalties for offences, such as rushing into trains when doors are closing or carrying inflammable goods. There’s free Wi-Fi for up to 15 minutes. Music, art and dance performances are presented at some stations. Facilities such as tactile flooring and Braille plates for travellers with disabilities are also available.

MTR has set a goal to reduce electricity usage per passenger-kilometre by 21% by 2020 as compared with its 2008 level. LED lighting system is also being installed on urban line trains to achieve up to 50% energy savings.

London5

London Metro, an underground rail system also known as ‘Tube’, is a rapid public transit system covering a large part of Greater London. Started 152 years ago on January 10th, 1863, it serves 275 stations has across its 646.95 km track. The network’s daily ridership is nearly 3 million, making it the 12th busiest transit system in the world.

The Tube operates from 5:30 a.m. to 12:30 a.m. The lowest single-ticket fare is £4.30 ($6.80), while pre-paid Oyster cards start at £2 ($3).

In summer 2012, London Metro, in partnership with Virgin Media launched Wi-Fi hot services in many of its stations to provide free internet access to its passengers. After the success of this free trial, it was extended to other stations by the end of 2012.

A concession fare scheme is operated by London Councils for locals who are differently-abled or meet certain age criteria. It is applicable for those born before 1951, that is, after their 60th birthday, whereas those born after 1955 need to wait until they are 66 years old. Popularly termed as a “Freedom Pass”, it permits free travel on Transport for London (TfL)-operated routes anytime.

Music, regular announcements about schedules and changes, clear signage and maps add to passengers’ convenience in the stations.

Most station platforms have ‘suicide pits’, underneath the tracks. Built in 1926, these pits protect passengers from fatal accidents and drain waste water from the platforms.

Reduction of CO2 emissions and reduction and re-use of waste from construction, demolition and commercial operations is a matter of concern and London Metro has set a target to create a clean environment by 2017–18.

Waste matter and littering by London Tube passengers at its stations and depots comprises the majority of commercial and industrial (C&I) waste. Many Tube stations and depots have recycling centres in London that segregate waste and send it for recycling. The metro has recycled approximately 75% of its waste in 2012–13. Approximately 20% of the waste was sent for energy recovery.

5 Transport for London Website, http://www.tfl.gov.uk/modes/tube/

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According to the STM website, the metro system had transported more than 7 billion passengers by 2010. Montreal has built one of North America’s largest urban rapid transit schemes, serving the fourth-largest number of passengers overall (after New York City, Mexico City, and Toronto) and attracting the second-highest ridership.

Atmospheric emissions (greenhouse gases and the main airborne contaminants) being the main elements of its environmental impact, Montreal Metro has integrated these concerns into its procurement, processes and project management and strives for strict application of the 4R principles (reduce, reuse, recycle, reclaim) in residual material management.

Moscow8

Moscow Metro has been operational since 1935. Initially it covered only one 11 km line with 13 stations. It is the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union. By 2014, Moscow Metro had 196 stations with a total route length of 327.5 km and was declared as one of the busiest metro systems and 6th longest in the world. Moscow Metro operates from 5:25 a.m. till 1:00 a.m. It offers monthly smart cards for students with discounted fares and tickets for limited number of rides with validity ranging from 5 days to 90 days and price ranging from 5 RUB to 1400 RUB.

The stations have clean eye-catching architectural designs, reflecting the era in which they were built. Moscow Metro Museum hosts important historical records collected over the years. Moscow Metro is considered to be the world’s busiest on the basis of daily ridership (6.73 million on an average).

Paris9

The French capital’s Art Nouveau Metro opened on 19th July 1900. It is considered as one of the oldest, densest underground system in the world. The Paris Metro is operated by the Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP), a public transport authority.

The architecture influenced by Art Nouveau is mostly underground and covers 303 stations with 62 transfer lines in between and has 214 km long tracks. The system stretched out rapidly until the First World War and the core was complete by the 1920s. Extensions into outer edge or suburbs and Line 11 were built in 1930s. This rapid transit operated from from 5:30 a.m. till 1:15 a.m. daily and till 2:15 a.m. on Fridays and Saturdays. It carries about 4.5 million commuters per day.

Single ticket costs €1.70 ($2.25), with the one-day pass facility at €9.75 ($13). Its standard ticket can also be used for travel on buses, trams, and also on the Paris RER which connects Paris city to

8 Moscow Metro website, http://engl.mosmetro.ru9 Paris Metro Website, www.ratp.fr/en

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Madrid6

Madrid Metro is serving the city of Madrid, capital of Spain, for more than 90 years. Starting 17th October 1919, it runs on a 294 km track and a network covering 301 stations with 13(+ branch) lines and 26 interchanges carrying approximately 2 million passengers every day and nearly 557.9 million each year (till 2013). Of its 301 stations, 81 were constructed during the period 2003 to 2007. The metro lines operate between 6:00 a.m. and 1:30 a.m. every day. Single tickets start at a minimum price of €1.50 up to 5 stations; €0.10 per additional station, and go up to maximum of €2 for journeys of more than 9 stations. All are well- maintained and many platforms and carriages have TV screens showing local news. The metro also provides free library services at 12 stations known as “Bibliometro” that lends books to familiarise passengers with the history of Madrid. Metro stations offer rehearsal facilities for young talent. This creative concept, pioneering both in Spain and in Europe, has nine rooms located at the Cuzco station, for dance and drama and music.

Series 9000 of the train system offers improved access for differently-abled people and extra security measures such as visual and vocal warnings for the train gates and more effi cient emergency brakes. Madrid Metro is committed to

environment protection, as reflected in its energy-effi ciency measures, water management plan, effi cient waste management and efforts to reduce noise and vibrations. Metro de Madrid is the fi rst metro to calculate its corporate carbon footprint and has been publishing the results annually. It quantifi es not only direct greenhouse gas emissions (GGE) but also indirect emissions generated through consumption of electricity, water and other related activities.

Montreal7

Montreal Metro was inaugurated during the tenure of Mayor Jean Drapeau, in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada on 14th Oct 1966. The metro operated by Societe de Transport de Montreal (STM), initially had 26 stations on three separate lines but has been further extended to 68 stations along 4 lines, with a total length of 69.2 km serving north, east and centre of the Island of Montreal.

Montreal Metro service starts every day at 5:30 a.m. and stops at 1:00 a.m. on weekdays and Sunday and closes at 1:30 a.m. on Saturday. During the rush hour, trains run every 2 to 5 minutes, and every 12 minutes at late night. Tickets cost $3 and a 24-hour pass is priced at $8.

Figures for the fi rst quarter of 2014 indicate Montreal Metro has an average daily ridership of 1.2 million.

6 Madrid Metro Website, http://www.metromadrid.es/es7 Montreal Metro Website, http://www.stm.info/en

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surrounding suburbs in 90 minutes. It also provides free wifi facility.

Under its Vision 2020 strategic plan, RATP sets out the commitments of its energy and climate policy, including its aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption by 15% per passenger per kilometer. alit also plans to replace all lighting sources with LEDs by the end of 2017. This switch over to LEDs will help the metro reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in passenger-occupied areas by more than 20%.

Stockholm10

The Swedish capital Stockholm began the operation of its first metro line in 1950 with 100 stations in use, of which 47 run underground. Stockholm Metro is owned by the Stockholm County Council through the company Storstockholms Lokaltrafik (SL) and its operations have been contracted to MTR Corporation. It runs on a 105.7 km long track. The metro has daily ridership of about 8.9 lakh as per 2013 data. It operates from 5:00 a.m. to 1:00 a.m. during weekdays, while on weekends it runs all night with an interval of 30 minutes. It offers a single-zone

ticket format pricing starting from SKr 36 ($ 5.35) that is valid for a maximum of 2 hours, while its travel cards’ price starts from SKr 115 ($17) and is valid for one, three and seven days.

This metro system has been called as ‘The World’s longest Art Gallery’, as more than 90 stations have beautiful sculptures, mosaics, paintings, engravings by more than 150 artists.

Tokyo Subway11

Tokyo subway is a part of rapid transit system. It has two operators—Tokyo Metro, consisting of 9 lines and Toei subway, which has 4 lines. This rapid transit system, which began operating in 1927, is the busiest railway system in the world catering to almost 9 million passengers daily. The system operates across 121.2 miles (195 km), with 179 unique stations. This super-fast and punctual railway system has its fares starting at $2; commuters can also pay with Suica/Pasmo money cards. Wi-Fi facility is provided both in the trains and at its stations. The metro’s concern for the differently-abled is noteworthy; every station plays a unique jingle for the visually-impaired to identify their location.

10 Stockholm Metro Website, http://sl.se/en/getting-around/11 Tokyo Subway Website, http://www.tokyometro.jp/en/

Mass transit systems like Rapid Metro are the need of the hour. They are one of the greenest forms of transport and move people safely and efficiently. Continuous monitoring through CCTVs and a well lit system makes it safe for women commuters even at odd hours.

Navdeep Singh Virk IPS, Commissioner of PoliceGurgaon (Haryana)

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07SUSTAINABLE PILLARS OF MODERN TRANSPORTATIONCase Study–Combining Market Leading Performance with Sustainability Leadership

Globally, there is an increasing awareness of the implications of the pace of growth in urban population and the associated rise in traffic congestion, air and noise pollution and decline in road safety. This has lead to a broad consensus about high-capacity mass transit systems as a sustainable solution for urban mobility1. Sustainability of the solution is reflected in its ability to deliver a triple bottom line impact. Known to be environment-friendly, mass transit reduces the number of cars on the road, and curbs carbon monoxide and other volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, thereby reducing the burden of atmospheric pollution. A socially viable option, mass transit is a leveller where people irrespective of their financial status, religion or caste travel together. Its economic feasibility is reflected in faster travel at affordable prices. In other words, promotion of public transport enhances productivity, prosperity, infrastructure development, environmental sustainability, as well as quality of life, equity and social inclusion2.

Indian cities, commonly suffer traffic congestion and multiple challenges in daily commuting. In

the absence of a mass transit system, citizens have to depend on private vehicles, which impose both financial and environmental costs. In a study carried out by Delhi Economic Survey, the vehicular population in the national capital registered a 135.59% jump between 1999–2000 and 2011–12 to touch 74.53 lakh3. This large increase in vehicular population has had a direct impact on pollution levels in the city.

Public Transport System – Creating Synergy between Environment and Mobility

The United Nations (UN) reports that 54% of the world’s population currently lives in cities, and by 2050, this figure will exponentially increase to 66%4. This will only mean more challenges for city dwellers, as arising from resource scarcity and pressures on infrastructure facilities including healthcare, education, sanitation, housing and transportation. In order to address these and harness the potential economic benefits of urbanisation, governments and business need to collaborate in planning and promoting sustained investment in roads, highways, railways,

1 Sakamoto, K., S. Belka and G. Metschies (2010). Financing Sustainable Urban Transport, TransportPolicy Advisory Services Module 1f, GTZ, Eschborn, Germany.2 UN-Habitat (2013). ‘Streets as Public Spaces and Drivers of Prosperity’, available on http://mirror.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3513&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=13 Delhi Economic Survey (2013). ‘74.53 lakh vehicles in Delhi: Survey’, available on http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/74-53-lakh-vehicles-in-delhi-survey-113031900581_1.html4 EYGM Limited (2015). Megatrends 2015 - Making sense of a world in motion, available on http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/ey-megatrends-report-2015/$FILE/ey-megatrends-report-2015.pdf


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bridges, ports, airports, water, power, energy and telecommunications as well as in healthcare, education and sanitation.

The new ecological context of climate change has given a clear and urgent call for better mobility options that connect residential and work places in a sustainable manner.

Source: Allianz, (2010)5

Importance of Rail as a Means for Mass Transit System

Transportation is one of the critical themes being discussed across the world to arrest the negative impacts of climate change and urbanisation. There is a visible shift toward railways, including metro

systems, as important modes of mass transit. Studies show that rail and metro provide sustainable urban transport services and contribute significantly less to the rising carbon dioxide levels6, compared with other modes of travel. The above graph demonstrates this fact. With innovations such as electric trains, emissions can be further reduced, thus making this an even more environment-friendly option.

Rapid rises in population and pollution levels in countries such as China and India have already led to large investments in high-tech rail projects. China has accorded a high priority to building intercity rail lines, with a $585 billion stimulus package7.

The provision of Metros as mode of city transport is essential for India. The country has 19 cities with more than two million people, 14 cities with three million people, and seven cities with more than five million8. As a consequence, urban pollution levels have also increased considerably.

Rapid Urbanisation and Pollution in Gurgaon

Gurgaon’s rapid development has created multiple challenges arising from the enormous demand for quality civic infrastructure. It suffers from poor connectivity with Delhi, inadequate local public

5 Allianz (2010). ‘Which transport modes produce the most emissions?, available on http://knowledge.allianz.com/mobility/transportation_safety/?813/which-transport-methods-produce-most-emissions6 Allianz (2010). ‘Which transport modes produce the most emissions?, available on http://knowledge.allianz.com/mobility/transportation_safety/?813/which-transport-methods-produce-most-emissions7 Bombardier (n.d.). ‘Economy & Rail’, available on http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/insight/economy-and-rail.html8 E. Sreedharan, Managing Director, Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, ‘DMRC MD E Sreedharan says many Indian cities need metro rail urgently’ Interview by Alokesh Bhattacharyya and Anand J., Business Today, January 9, 2012, available on http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/e-sreedharan-delhi-metro-interview/1/21128.html

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transport network, insufficient and unorganised parking and traffic congestion, among other constraints.

By 2031, the population within the Gurgaon-Manesar Urban Complex (GMUC) is projected to increase three-fold to about 43 lakh. The proposed Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in and around GMUC are expected to generate huge employment in the area. The peak-hour motorised transport demand estimated for 2031 is about 3.7 lakh, which is currently 1.3 lakh. The impact of this on the transport infrastructure of GMUC will be huge and critical.9

The increase in motorised transport in Gurgaon has a direct bearing on the pollution levels in the city. For a city that’s just 20 years old, the pollution level in Gurgaon is quite high, with the PM10 (coarse Particulate Matter) level above 100 and PM2.5 (fine Particulate Matter) level above 50. It also has high levels of poisonous nitrogen oxide fumes in the air because of diesel vehicles and generator sets. The graph below presents the findings of a study conducted by Artemis Hospital and Centre for Science and Environment in December 2014 to

check pollution levels at randomly selected locations in Gurgaon10.

The graph above projects a very alarming picture of Gurgaon and the pollution crisis in city. The following key observations emerge from the Artemis-CSE study:

High exposure during night: Pollution levels are expected to be low during nights and early mornings. The graph, however, indicates high pollution levels during these hours in important areas such as DLF Cyber City and Sohna Road. In DLF Cyber City, the level is alarmingly elevated at 1094 microgram per cubic metre.

Early morning traffic aggravates pollution: The figures for morning hours level near Artemis Hospital, and mid-morning hours near Amity International School were more than 738 micrograms per cubic metre.

High levels in business centres: The graph shows high pollution level in busy market areas and business centres such as Civil Hospital (Sadar

9 Department of Town and Country Planning (DTCP), Government of Haryana, (2010). ‘Integrated Mobility Plan for Gurgaon Manesar Urban Complex’, available on http://tcpharyana.gov.in/CIM/Doc/gurgaon%20mobility%20plan.pdf10 Anumita Roychowdhury, Vivek Chattopadhyaya, Adarsha Kapoor, Ruchita Bansal (2014). Our City, We Care: Action for Cleaner Air: A joint initiative of Artemis Hospital and Centre for Science and Environment.11 HT Correspondent, (2015, 12 March), ‘Gurgaon air killing you slowly’, Hindustan Times, P8.

Source: Hindustan Times, (2014)11

For any city to thrive, it is important that we the people be the catalyst for the change which we wish to see. Clean air is the most basic right and IamGurgaon has taken the initiative to revive a forest, with sustainability being the key to its success.

Latika Thukral Founder, iamGurgaon

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Bazaar, old Gurgaon), Udyog Vihar, MGF Mall and DLF Cyber City.

A WHO report published in 2005, titled ‘Health effects of transport-related air pollution’ had warned that exposure to transportation-related air pollution is increasingly resulting in unfavourable health effects. The graveness of the situation is reflected in the fact that 60% of health studies in India have focused on air pollution12.

Higher pollution and vehicular movement is causing extreme discomfort to the residents of Gurgaon13. The Artemis Hospital and Centre for Science and Environment found in their survey12 that:

• 85% of people surveyed said that air pollution is exasperating.

• 40% of the respondents felt that incidences of respiratory diseases are rising.

• More than 60% complained of increased delays in commuting during peak hours.

• The city’s public transport received the lowest rating, with people complaining about lack of proper public transport connectivity.

• About 30% rated auto/tempo services as average but said these are still important.

• Two-third of the respondents felt that unorganised parking is encroaching footpaths and causing road congestion.

• Nearly 70% said that the government should make efforts to reduce dependence on personal vehicles.

• Around 90% wished to see proper public transport and non-motorised infrastructure in place.

• Air pollution control requires scaling up of public transport, walking and cycling.

The solution, therefore, lies in a reliable mass transit system, which services high volumes of commuter traffic and is not only faster but also consumes comparatively less energy than other modes of transport.

Metro – A Historical Journey

With increasing number of Indian population being concentrated in urban areas, city governments are working toward devising measures to manage with the existing space and infrastructure and reduce strain on resources while accommodating larger populations. Metro Rail can offer a unique opportunity to provide economic and social benefits and improve accessibility to markets, employment and help create an environment conducive to investment.

The first metro rail in India commenced its operations in Kolkata in the year 1984. It is the only metro service in the country functioning directly under the Indian Railways. With only 8% of the

12 Anumita Roychowdhury, Vivek Chattopadhyaya, Adarsha Kapoor, Ruchita Bansal (2014). Our City, We Care: Action for Cleaner Air: A joint initiative of Artemis Hospital and Centre for Science and Environment.13 Anumita Roychowdhury, Vivek Chattopadhyaya, Adarsha Kapoor, Ruchita Bansal (2014). Our City, We Care: Action for Cleaner Air: A joint initiative of Artemis Hospital and Centre for Science and Environment.

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land being available for road transport, Kolkata faced a space constraint in increasing its road network. To address this challenge, underground metro routes were envisaged with five rapid transit lines comprising a route length of 97.5 km14. The renovation and modernisation of the project is under way to provide better services to commuters. Many Indian cities with similar situations initiated projects to replicate the model of Kolkata Metro. Metro projects are being developed in Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Mumbai, Jaipur, Lucknow, Noida and Greater Noida.

About Rapid Metro Gurgaon

Rapid Metro is a fully elevated rapid transit system developed for commuters in Gurgaon, Haryana. The system provides a transport solution to areas in and around Cyber City, DLF Phase 2, DLF Phase 3 and NH-8, providing connectivity to Delhi Metro at Sikanderpur. Its aim is to provide a stress free, safe and comfortable journey in a pollution-free, eco-friendly manner.

Genesis

Gurgaon has expanded significantly in the last five years resulting in a two-fold rise in population and a five-fold rise in the number of vehicles. Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA) decided to develop a metro system to address the resulting problems of traffic congestion and pollution.

Thus, Rapid MetroRail Gurgaon Limited (RMGL), a special purpose vehicle (SPV), was formed to provide a speedier link from NH-8 via various hubs of Cyber City to the Sikanderpur Delhi Metro station, in order to substantially reduce commuting time. The Rapid Metro project is India’s first fully privately financed metro developed under the public-private partnership model. IL&FS India has entered into partnership with Haryana Urban Development Authority (HUDA) to finance, design, construct, and operate the Rapid Metro and has been provided a concession agreement for a 99 year-period.

Highlights of the Rapid Metro

• A network of 5.1 km connecting Cyber City, NH-8 and Sikanderpur station (DMRC) in Phase I.

• A network of 6.6 km along Golf Course Road connecting Sector 55–56 to Sikanderpur in Phase II.

• The planned route for Rapid Metro acts as a feeder to the DMRC’s Jahangirpuri–Central Secretariat–HUDA City Centre (Yellow Line).

• Rapid Metro is connected to DMRC in Phase I through a covered walkway at the Sikanderpur station.

• The extension towards Udyog Vihar in the north, once built will, extend the distance covered by the system to almost 20 km.

14 NBMCW (2011). ‘MRT System in India’, available on http://www.nbmcw.com/reports/construction-infra-industry/25784-metro-rail-transport-system-in-india.html

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• The Gurgaon Metro runs on Standard Gauge, which is the most suitable and internationally accepted system for running Metros.

• Phase II (South Extension) towards Sec 55–56 will be completed by 2016.

Benefits from Rapid Metro so far:

• Shifting of the traffic on the Gurgaon road to Rapid Metro resulted in:

De-congestion of Gurgaon roads

Reduction in travel time

Lower accident rates

• Availability of an eco-friendly mode of transportation, with no environmental pollution.

• The project has reduced noise levels up to 3.0 dB(A).

• Increased access to jobs, education, shopping destinations and health services.

• Boost to economic growth along the Rapid Metro alignment, by enbling higher customer traffic to the malls and entertainment zones such as Cyber Hub.

Being a transport company Rapid Metro is fully aware of its environmental impact and therefore has launched green initiatives. Its green projects include:

• Reducing Carbon Footprint: Rapid Metro project is registered with UNFCCC & MoEF under United Nations Clean Development Mechanism for claiming carbon credits. The project reduces on

an average more than one lakh tonne of carbon emission (CO2) per annum in the first crediting period.

• Energy Conservation: Reduction in energy consumption up to 5–7% through automatic light sensors and air conditioners that adjust cooling requirement on the basis of passenger load.

• Recharging Water Table: More than 100 water harvesting bore wells are being constructed along the Phase I Rapid Metro alignment to recharge the Gurgaon water table.

• Tree Plantation: Funding for plantation and maintenance of approximately 800 trees at Nandigram Gaushala, Palam Vihar, Gurgaon. For every tree cut, RMGL has been planting eight trees to protect the city’s green cover.

Rapid Metro – Transformational Leader in Urban Mobility

Providing ‘last mile connectivity’ to people travelling from across Delhi to Gurgaon for work and leisure, Rapid Metro Gurgaon is committed toward the well-being of the community and the environment. It regards addressing environmental and social issues as important factors that determine the success of businesses, thus achieving both value creation for the company and addressing the key challenges faced by the city of Gurgaon. In other words, Rapid Metro as a ‘Transformational Leader’ is moving beyond reactive and incremental response to external pressures, to a new understanding of sustainability that allows opportunities for achieving a competitive edge through social and technological

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innovation for differentiated growth and superior market performance15.

UNGC–Accenture–GCNI CEO Study on Sustainability 2013 identified critical characteristics that define transformational leadership for driving transformational change. These characteristics find

resonance with the journey of Rapid Metro toward being a transformational leader

Emerging themes that enable companies to integrate sustainability for addressing global challenges and turn businesses as a force for good include:

15 UNGC-Accenture-GCNI (2014). UN Global Compact – Accenture CEO Study on Sustainability 2013: Insights of CEOs from the Global Compact Network India, (2014), available on http://globalcompact.in/publications/

1 Realism & Context Understanding and appreciation of the scale of global sustainability challenges—and the opportunities they present.

2 Growth & Differentiation Sustainability as an opportunity to stand out with consumers and customers; to access new market segments with new products and services; and to grow into new markets.

3 Value & Performance Measurement, monitoring and management of sustainability metrics; quantification of business value; and tracking of impact on sustainability outcomes.

4 Technology & Innovation Investing in technology and business model transformation-led solutions to sustainability challenges; generating competitive advantage through new technologies and innovation.

5 Partnerships & Collaboration Partnerships within and across industries and sectors to find new solutions for sustainability.

6 Engagement & Dialogue Listening to and understanding the needs and wants of all stakeholders; establishing constructive two-way dialogues to negotiate the role of business in sustainability.

7 Advocacy & Leadership Leadership in developing new systems and shaping the business contribution to global challenges; willingness to advocate for policy and market incentives that change the game.

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16 Accenture (2011). ‘Business at its Best: Driving Sustainable Value Creation Five Imperatives for Corporate CEOs’, available on http://www.accenture.com/sitecollectiondocuments/pdf/accenture_business_at_its_best.pdf

1 Realism and context: Understanding the scale of the challenge and the opportunity

Gurgaon has expanded significantly and is today synonymous with a ‘high end’ urban business hub, offering employment and business opportunities. The rise in population and the consequent rise in the number of vehicles over the last five years have significantly increased traffic congestion and pollution. Since inception, Rapid Metro is a last mile connectivity solution for speedier commuting to Gurgaon, and thereby a sustainability-oriented concept. While it has initiated ambitious actions and plans for its triple bottom line impacts, Rapid Metro is realistic about the scale of the challenge. Such understanding enables Rapid Metro to appreciate the opportunity and develop approaches for sustainable growth in the future.

Highlights at a glance

• Last mile connectivity from Delhi and Gurgaon, especially to its business centre.

• Triple bottom line impact.

• Easy and cheaper commutation.

• Safety and convenience.

• Optimum utilisation of resources.

• Shuttle service for commuters.

2 Growth & differentiation: Turning sustainability to advantage and value creation

Globally, businesses are converging financial success and societal progress to facilitate ‘Sustainable Value Creation’16 for achieving superior performance on environmental and/or social measures. Companies are developing innovative products and services that lower energy consumption, generate employment and add to community well-being.

Rapid Metro functions both as a public good and an innovative market-oriented service to ensure economically viable, environmentally-sustainable, stress free, safe and comfortable travel for commuters.


• Leveller and socially inclusive

• Eco-friendly, cheaper and stress free transport option

• Additional social initiatives for promoting education and health

• Enhancing quality life for residents

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4 Technology & innovation: New models for success

According to a study conducted in 2013 by UNGC–Accenture–GCNI, CEOs of leading companies are turning to innovation and technology to address sustainability challenges and secure business advantage.

Rapid Metro supports infrastructure development in India through a project that resonates with the vision of transforming cities through sustainable technology17. It has adopted innovative technologies and measures to ensure reduced emission, consumption of energy, noise pollution and waste generation.


• Ballast-less track & Flange lubrication system to minimise vibration, noise and air pollution.

• Temperature-controlled coaches; each car is provided with roof mounted air conditioning system.

• Provision for emergency fan to ensure automatic ventilation in saloon.

• Regenerative braking technology to reduce carbon emissions.

• Train speed is reduced automatically by ATP/ATC system on curves which also further reduces sound during turning.

17 Siemens India (2013). Siemens-powered Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon begins operations begins operations, Available on http://www.siemens.co.in/en/news_press/index/siemens-powered-rapid-metro-rail.html

3 Value & performance: ‘What gets measured gets managed’

Measurement of sustainability initiatives and their outcomes and impact on communities is becoming increasingly important for companies. Measurement aids more effective management of these initiatives, brings transparency in disclosure and supports stakeholder communication.

Rapid Metro is working on improving their methods for more precise calculation of their carbon footprint. As a socially responsible company, Rapid metro also has devised log-frames and performance indicators to track its CSR activities. It annual report captures the financial performance of the company and also provides information about future plans and strategies.


• Disclosures in Annual Report.

• Methodology for calculating carbon emissions.

• Log frames for tracing activities with regard to education and health.

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5 Partnerships & collaboration: New challenges, new solutions

Companies and their leadership acknowledge the role of collaboration and partnerships in meeting their ambitions on sustainability.

Rapid Metro is India’s first metro built on the foundation of Public-Private Partnership. While on one hand, Rapid Metro has partnered with HUDA for developing the metro, on the other its has partnered with other government agencies and companies such as Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), Siemens, Fibcom Reliable Network and the Thales Group for leveraging their expertise in technology, design and communication systems. It has collaborated with Canon to organise tree plantation drives under its green initiative. This project is also registered with UNFCCC & MoEF under United Nations Clean Development Mechanism for claiming carbon credits. Rapid Metro has also partnered with Micromax, Vodafone and INDUSIND Bank as station partners that enable it to earn revenue by leasing out advertising space.


• Public Private Partnership model based metro system.

• Registered with UNFCCC & MoEF under United Nations Clean Development Mechanism for claiming carbon credits.

• Collaboration with DMRC as project consultants.

• Technology partner – Siemens, Fibcom Reliable Network, Thales, IL&FS Engineering and Construction Company Limited.

• Partnership with Canon India for plantation drive in Gurgaon.

• Partnership with Micromax, Vodafone and INDUSIND Bank as station partners.

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18 UNGC-Accenture-GCNI (2014). UN Global Compact – Accenture CEO Study on Sustainability 2013: Insights of CEOs from the Global Compact Network India, (2014), available on http://globalcompact.in/publications/

6 Engagement & dialogue: Broadening the conversation

Business leaders are becoming more conscious of the need to establish a constructive, two-way dialogue with consumers and local communities; regulators and policymakers; investors and shareholders; employees and labour unions18.

Rapid Metro, since its inception has been engaging with the Haryana Government and its agencies to ensure sustainable development of the area around its operations. The company engages with key stakeholders, including residents near the metro, corporate and educational institutions and commuters to create awareness about the benefits of its services and encourage use of public transportation.


• Engagement with schools for promoting use of public transport among children

• Engagement with residents near metro station

• Engagement with the corporate sector for encouraging the usage of metros

• Engagement with commuters through customer service centres and help desks

7 Advocacy & leadership: Shaping future systems

Leading CEOs and companies realise that developing new measures of success, engaging with public policymakers and leading calls for free and open markets through advocacy and public commitment are integral for future progress.

Rapid metro realises its role in transforming the environment to ensure cleaner and healthier living for citizens of Gurgaon, especially in the vicinity of the metro’s line and stations. It recognises the need to develop collaborative solutions and is working with key stakeholders for creating awareness about sustainable mobility.


• Advocacy through partnerships and collaboration with NASSCOM for encouraging use of public transport.

• Engaging with the government on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

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Rapid Metro – Leading Performance through Environmental Sustainability

The relationship between environment and public transport is paradoxical. Public transport facilitates travel for larger numbers at cheaper prices, and reduces traffic congestion and emissions as compared with other modes of transport. However, it is also associated with environmental externalities. It is, therefore, important that public transport continually adopts technological advancements that minimise environmental impact. .

Rapid Metro has identified its material environmental risks and has undertaken steps and adopted technologies that reduce adverse impacts. The table below identifies the material risks for Rapid Metro and the initiatives to manage and mitigate these.

Material risks Initiatives for management and mitigation

1 Energy

• Trains regenerate energy, due to which there is less per km power consumption.

• LED lighting at stations. Timer-based lights for energy saving. Continuous awareness programmes to promote energy saving behaviour.

• SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) for climate monitoring of air conditioned critical rooms for efficient energy usage.

• Intelligent air conditioning for energy efficiency.• Use of Metro has reduced the number of motor vehicles on road, resulting

in lower fuel consumption.

2 Emission

Noise

• Noise barrier to contain noise generated by trains passing in close vicinity of residential areas.

• Aligned with the ISO standards and CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board) norms for noise pollution generated by trains.

• All Diesel gensets are CPCB approved models, which have canopy for noise containment.

• Lower scope for noise pollution with reduced number of motorised vehicles on road due to Metro.

Air

• Diesel Gensets (DGs) are aligned with the CPCB and Haryana PCB norms on air pollution.

• DGs are present only for emergency usage • The trains are electrically powered• Reduction in the number of motorised vehicles leads to lower emissions.

Water• Rapid Metro depot has an effluent treatment plant to treat effluent

generated by the automatic wash plant for cleaning its trains.

3 WaterWater Consumption

• Treated water from the effluent treatment plant is used for horticulture.

4 Biodiversity• While Rapid Metro operates in urban spaces, it ensures its operations do

not harm biodiversity directly or indirectly.

5 Waste

• Mobility industry has very low waste generation in terms of volume. Waste is disposed as per the applicable laws of Govt. of Haryana and Govt. of India.

• Waste generated is recycled to extract the maximum economic value and minimise the environmental impact.

• Metro has led to reduction on motorised transport thus resulting in reduced waste generation.

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19 UN-Habitat (2013). ‘Streets as Public Spaces and Drivers of Prosperity’, available on http://mirror.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=3513&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1

In Summary

According to UN Habitat, urban prosperity and city life well being is influenced by five major components and these include infrastructure, environment sustainability, productivity, quality life and equity and social inclusion. Therefore, it is important that when any policy or programme is conceived for the well being of the city, it fulfils these five criteria to ensure balance19.

Urban transport system is designed and implemented to ensure balanced development of a city, while ensuring the physical, mental and environmental well being. It plays an important role in promoting clean and healthy environment, economic well-being, sustainable growth of cities, while also enabling rebalancing of public spaces for recreation and relaxation, thus leading to urban prosperity.

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Localising Good Practices

Recognising that public transport is the most sustainable mode for travel in cities, governments are making large investments to create high capacity public transport systems. Through such investments, governments are working towards creating sustainable cities by addressing the challenges posed by increasing population and pollution. Through this study on public transport across the world, we have identified some key initiatives being undertaken by public transport operators and governments. These good practices include a sound mix of advocacy, unique initiatives and special services to encourage the use of public transport. These initiatives suggest that transport operators and governments are working towards fuelling innovations that transform the way in which people travel.

Creation of Green Corridor for safer, cleaner and healthier public spaces all along the metro alignment

Green corridors focus on sustainable, efficient and green transport solutions through the use of new techniques, knowledge and cooperation to create pedestrian-friendly and healthier public spaces. The concept of green corridor is based on a cooperative model among various modes of transport that are used in a mutually reinforcing manner to ensure maximum comfort with least impact on the environment and climate, thereby preserving natural

resources and habitats1. It creates opportunities for different stakeholders, sectors and communities to work harmoniously, thus creating an enabling scenario for economic growth and a healthier and cleaner environment.

In Europe, Sweden has adopted the practice of developing ‘green corridors’ to enable traffic to flow more efficiently and in a more environment-friendly and climate-smart manner. Such long-distance transport corridors have been developed in Sweden through optimum use of various modes of transport, to achieve energy efficiency and reduce environmental impact2.

Restrictions on overloaded autos in city roads, particularly along the green metro corridor

Auto rickshaws (three wheelers) provide door-to-door service to commuters in India. A motorised version of the traditional manually-pulled rickshaw or cycle rickshaw, auto rickshaws are an essential form of urban transport that provide cheap and efficient transportation in Indian cities. In a developing country like India, auto rickshaws are also an important means of livelihood for the auto-driver community. Delhi Government also launched the high capacity version of auto rickshaws called Gramin Sewa autos to ply in the rural areas, unauthorised, resettlement colonies and J.J. Clusters of Delhi. It is, however, not an uncommon sight to see people cramped up in such autos, which

1 Helena Kyster-Hansen, Preben Thisgaard, Michael Henriques and Mikkel Krogsgaard Niss, (2011), ‘Green Corridor Manual (Draft) - Purpose, definition and vision for Green Transport Corridors’, Available on http://www.ewtc2.eu/media/7344/S%20-%20Purpose,%20definition%20and%20vision%20for%20Green%20Transport%20Corridors%20-%20Sub-report%20task%203B.pdf2 Scania, (n.d), ‘Green corridors - the smartest way across Europe’, Available on http://www.scania.com/media/feature-stories/sustainability/green-corridor.aspx

08CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATIONS


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IT companies face a huge challenge in transporting their employees in a safe and convenient manner. Mass transit systems are the only sustainable answer, supplemented by walking and cycling. Leaders and influencers can set an example by themselves commuting on foot, cycle or public transport whenever possible.

Manas Fuloria Co-Founder & CEO, Nagarro

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often exceed its given capacity, thus raising safety concerns.

In view of this, the Delhi High Court came down heavily on the transport department and on the Traffic Police for allowing the Gramin Sewa autos to carry 14-15 passengers, as against its permissible capacity of six passengers3. Many of these autos also do not have legal permits to operate within city limits. They also stop haphazardly on the road, obstructing other motorists, leading to major traffic congestion, often bringing the flow to a halt. Therefore, advocacy with the government for restriction on use of such transport would add value to the city. While on one hand it would increase safety of passengers availing public transport, on the other it would also shift a significant number of commuters to metros and buses, thus adding to environmental sustainability.

Creating visibility of metro rail as a sustainable mode of transport

World over, consumer preferences are changing; they are seen to be increasingly demanding services that don’t harm the environment. Access to high-quality public transport including buses, trams and metro rails can play an important role in changing consumer choice for transportation. Metros improve pedestrian movement, create

easy access to destinations and are environment-friendly. Given this reality, metro operators need to employ visibility tools that connect the concept of metro with environment and sustainability. This could be done well-designed promotional material and communication outreach to help commuters understand the utility of public transport and its contribution towards societal wellbeing.

Unified ticketing system to create better access

A unified ticketing system for public transport is an integrated and secure system that enables commuters to access the benefits of various transportation options in a convenient manner. It enables passengers to benefit from competitive fares, and enables public transport operators to share costs for building ticketing infrastructure, to reduce operational and maintenance costs, to plan routes and services in a more coordinated manner and also to introduce schemes that increase passenger loyalty. From the environmental stand point, such systems reduce congestion in public transportation, enable faster boarding and off-loading of passengers, reduce carbon footprints and minimise use of paper tickets4. Such ticketing systems are operative in London, Singapore, Hong Kong and Beijing where a single ticket enables the commuter to access both buses and underground trains, thus facilitating easy commutation. In many

3 Economic Times (2015), ‘Overloaded Gramin Sewa autos unstable, threat to safety: Delhi High Court’ Available on http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-05-10/news/62001492_1_autos-carriage-passengers4 Mohamad Kader, (2010),’ Unified Ticketing- Indian and Global Perspectives’, Available on http://www.dimts.in/pdf/Symposium-on-Publi-Transportation/Unified%20Ticketing-%20Indian%20and%20Global%20Perspectives-Mohamad%20Kader-DIMTS%20UITP%20Symposium.pdf

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cities such as Hong Kong, such systems are also used for making payments for parking charges5.

In a country like India with varied modes of public transport; a unified ticketing system would enable commuters to travel to their destination using a single ticket purchased at either a bus or metro station. Beneficial to both passengers and transport operators, such arrangements would reduce delay and increase ridership. Adding to sustainability, such systems would reduce usage of paper and plastic (tokens and smart cards.

Commuter-friendly mobile applications to track timing and routes for metros

Today, with advancements in technology, people can access important information regarding temperature, route maps and entertainment on smart phones, thus facilitating access from any location. Development of such applications for the metros enables commuters to plan their journey and encourages them to use public transport instead of their own vehicles. The Delhi Metro also launched such an app, downloadable both on Android and Macintosh platforms to provide information about nearest metro station, fare, timings of last and first train at stations, travel time, route information, metro map and parking availability on the station6.

Online and self-service recharging of travel smart card

Such technologies enable commuters to stay connected, while reducing delays due to long queues at ticketing booths at the stations. They also enable cashless transactions, as tickets can be booked through credit and debit cards. With a one-time investment in such machines at stations and in developing payment gateways, transport operators can reduce operating costs of manpower deployed at ticketing windows. Mumbai Metro One (through the ICICI Bank and State Bank of India payment gateway services) launched an online top-up facility for smart cards whereby commuters can recharge their cards from their smart phones and computers. The metro plans to expand this to more than 50 banks through internet banking, debit cards and credit cards7. Delhi metro also provides this service for commuters to recharge their smart cards through the internet and mobile SMS8.

Cap on sale of private vehicles

In many cities, in order to encourage the use of public transport and address the challenge of climate change, governments are capping the number of cars that can be sold. In Tianjin, China, in order to arrest the increase in pollution and road congestion, there is a cap on the total number of car

5 Mohamad Kader, (2010),’ Unified Ticketing- Indian and Global Perspectives’, Available on http://www.dimts.in/pdf/Symposium-on-Publi-Transportation/Unified%20Ticketing-%20Indian%20and%20Global%20Perspectives-Mohamad%20Kader-DIMTS%20UITP%20Sympo-sium.pdf6 NDTV, (2013), ‘Delhi Metro launches mobile application’, Available on http://www.ndtv.com/delhi-news/delhi-metro-launches-mobile-application-5324297 NDTV (2014), ‘Mumbai Metro Commuters Can Now Recharge Their Smart Cards Online’, http://gadgets.ndtv.com/internet/news/mumbai-metro-commuters-can-now-recharge-their-smart-cards-online-6400758 NDTV (2014), ’ Delhi Metro Commuters Can Now Recharge Smart Cards via SMS’, Available on http://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/delhi-metro-commuters-can-now-recharge-smart-cards-via-sms-620808

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license plates that are issued annually9.

According to a study, 1.88 million passenger cars were sold in India in 2014-15, and 1.77 million were sold in 2013-1410. On the other hand, the government is already grappling with the issues of climate change and decreasing air quality across Indian cities. In a country, which has with the second largest population and is the sixth largest motor vehicle/car manufacturer in the world11, such policies would have a substantive impact on pollution and congestion.

Entertainment and WIFI services to attract commuters

Provision of entertainment services such as music, radio channels and internet connectivity play an important role in encouraging commuters to use public transport. People today need to stay connected and updated, while being on the move. This is possible through facilities such as news, radio, WiFi and other services. Globally, many metros have introduced unique initiatives to enhance commuter experience. “Bibliometro”, the Madrid Metro’s library service, Berlin Metro station’s metro museum, Tokyo Metro’s WiFi and music and dance performances in the Hong Kong Metro are

examples of services to commuters to increase ridership12.

Technology-driven tickets

While being a sustainable and green initiative, the paperless ticketing system would also save time spent in lining up at ticket windows. Many countries are adopting this model to turn public transport into a sustainable urban mobility option. Many cities including Helsinki13, New York14, Washington and Prague are using paperless or mobile tickets to reduce paper wastage and facilitate commuters. Such initiatives also reduce costs incurred due to tickets lost by passengers. According to a report published in 2012, Delhi Metro between the years 2008 - 2012 incurred a cost of Rs. 6 crore due to lost tokens15.

Advocacy with companies to incentivise travel by public transport

Studies conducted in the US suggest that promotion of public transit is seen by employees as one of the important “green practices” an employer could implement. Findings also indicate that environmental sustainability initiatives promote a

9 PHYS (2012), ‘China city caps car-buying to curb pollution’, Available on http://phys.org/news/2013-12-china-city-caps-car-buying-curb.html10 Know India (2015), India Auto Industry, Available on http://www.knowindia.net/auto.html11 Know India (2015), India Auto Industry, Available on http://www.knowindia.net/auto.html12 Business Traveller, (2012), ‘Top Ten Metros of the World’, Available on http://www.businesstravelerusa.com/archive/2012-2/april-2012/special-reports/top-ten-metros-of-the-world13 HSL HRT (n.d), Mobile Ticket, Available on https://www.hsl.fi/en/tickets-and-fares/mobile-ticket14 Benjamin Kabak, (2012), ‘Metro-North to test smartphone-based paperless tickets’, Available on http://secondavenuesagas.com/2012/07/11/metro-north-to-test-smartphone-based-paperless-tickets/ 15 Hindustan Times (2012), ‘Tokens loss in last four years costs Delhi Metro Rs. 6 crore’, Available on http://www.hindustantimes.com/newdelhi/tokens-loss-in-last-four-years-costs-delhi-metro-rs-6-crore/article1-969017.aspx

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16 Kiplinger’s Personal Finance Magazine (2006), ‘It Pays To Ride Public Transportation’, Available on ‘http://www.apta.com/resources/reportsandpublications/Documents/paystoride_textbook.pdf’17 Transport for London, (n.d), ‘Congestion Charge’, Available on http://www.tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/congestion-charge

strong public image for companies and increases empolyee retention. Therefore, advocacy by public transport operators will help sensitise companies about the value created by public transport. In India, transport operators can work in tandem with the corporate sector to sensitise employees. Targeted advocacy campaigns would also enable public transport operators better understand the needs of commuting employees and customise their services better.

Government policies incentivising use of public transport

Globally, governments are concerned about increasing pollution its impact on climate. They are adopting innovative policy initiatives and sustained advocacy to encourage use of public transport for sustainable urban mobility. In the US, the federal government is working with companies to provide tax benefits to employees travelling by public transport16. In London, the government levies a congestion fee on motor vehicles operating within the Congestion Charge Zone (CCZ) in Central London between 07:00 and 18:00, Mondays to Fridays. Introduced in 2003, the charge aims to reduce high traffic flow in the central area and raise investment funds for London’s transport system17.

In the Indian context, incentivisation through differential rates and targeted schemes would encourage them to use public transport.

Conclusion

The practices discussed above, provide the evidence that targeted and strategic interventions by public transport operators and government can yield increased ridership for mass transit systems. Replication of such practices and contextualising them to the Indian situation would promote use of public transport, thereby minimising air pollution while facilitating economic growth.

Rapid Metro, offers the ‘last mile connectivity’ option for commuters between Delhi and Gurgaon to travel to and from their work places and to access entertainment destinations as well. Sustainability of Rapid Metro is driven by its ability to meet the travel needs in a safe, convenient and efficient manner.

Moving forward, Rapid Metro could replicate global good practices by contexualising these to the reality of Gurgaon. Some of the key aspects that Rapid Metro may consider for scaling operations and increasing effectiveness; economically, environmentally and socially, include:

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• Adoption of technological innovations, such as mobile ticketicketing, mobile tracking of metros, self-ticketing kiosks and smart cards to reach out to a larger number of commuters.

• Through targeted advocacy campaigns with the government, business and citizens, Rapid Metro can increase ridership and effectively reach out to the larger community of commuters travelling between Delhi and Gurgaon and within Gurgaon.

• Behavioural change is an important aspect, whereby Rapid Metro can improve footfall. Evidence proves that people view public

transport unfavourably, due to erratic service, overcrowding, delays and security issues. Sensitisation of people about health, security and environmental benefits of public transport, would help change perceptions about mass transit systems.

• To enhance the value proposition for customers, Rapid Metro can provide special facilities such as Wifi, news and radio and other relaxation avenues on board and at stations to convert their journey into an experience.

• Rapid Metro can further optimise resources to minimise wastage of water, fuel and electricity.

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09REFERENCES

1. ‘Integrating Sustainable Transport into the Post 2015 Development Framework and Sustainable

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3. Affordable Homes India (2015), ‘Gurgaon Population Trends Past,Present & Future’, Available on http://www.affordablehomesindia.com/post/16/Gurgaon-Population-Trends-PastPresent-Future

4. Allianz, (2010), ‘Which transport modes produce the most emissions?, Available on http://knowledge.allianz.com/mobility/transportation_safety/?813/which-transport-methods-produce-most-emissions

5. Anumita Roychowdhury, Vivek Chattopadhyaya, Adarsha Kapoor , Ruchita Bansal (2014),’ Our City, We Care: Action for Cleaner Air : A joint initiative of Artemis Hospital and Centre for Science and Environment’

6. Arthur D Little, (2011), ‘Future of Urban Mobility’, Available on www.adl.com/Urban_Mobility

7. Benjamin Kabak, (2012), ‘Metro-North to test smartphone-based paperless tickets’, Available on http://secondavenuesagas.com/2012/07/11/metro-north-to-test-smartphone-based-paperless-tickets/

8. Berline Metro, http://www.berlin.de/en

9. Bombardier (n.d), ‘Economy & Rail’, Available on http://www.bombardier.com/en/media-centre/insight/economy-and-rail.html

10. Business Standard, (2013), ‘74.53 lakh vehicles in Delhi: Survey’ (2013), available on http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/74-53-lakh-vehicles-in-delhi-survey-113031900581_1.html

11. Department of Town and Country Planning (DTCP), Government of Haryana, (2010), ‘Integrated Mobility Plan for Gurgaon Manesar Urban Complex’ Available on http://tcpharyana.gov.in/CIM/Doc/gurgaon%20mobility%20plan.pdf

Development Goals (SDGs)’ Available on https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/getWSDoc.php?id=622

12. Dubai Metro, http://dubaimetro.eu/

13. E. Sreedharan, Managing Director, Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, ‘DMRC MD E Sreedharan says many Indian cities need metro rail urgently’ Interview by Alokesh Bhattacharyya and Anand J, Busines Today, January 9, 2012, Available on http://businesstoday.intoday.in/story/e-sreedharan-delhi-metro-interview/1/21128.html

14. Economic Times (2015), ‘Overloaded Gramin Sewa autos unstable, threat to safety: Delhi High Court’ Available on http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2015-05-10/news/62001492_1_autos-carriage-passengers

15. EYGM Limited (2015), Megatrends 2015 - Making sense of a world in motion, available on http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/ey-megatrends-report-2015/$FILE/ey-megatrends-report-2015.pdf

16. GCNI (2015), Sustainability Practices: Perspective and Insights from Leading Indian and Global Businesses

17. Helena Kyster-Hansen, Preben Thisgaard, Michael Henriques and Mikkel Krogsgaard Niss, (2011), ‘Green Corridor Manual (Draft) - Purpose, definition and vision for Green Transport Corridors’, Available on http://www.ewtc2.eu/media/7344/S%20-%20Purpose,%20definition%20and%20vision%20for%20Green%20Transport%20Corridors%20-%20Sub-report%20task%203B.pdf

18. Hindustan Times (2012), ‘Tokens loss in last four years costs Delhi Metro Rs. 6 crore’, Available on http://www.hindustantimes.com/newdelhi/tokens-loss-in-last-four-years-costs-delhi-metro-rs-6-crore/article1-969017.aspx

19. Hong Kong Metro, http://www.mtr.com.hk/en/customer/tourist/index.php

20. HSL HRT (n.d), ‘Mobile Ticket’, Available on https://www.hsl.fi/en/tickets-and-fares/mobile-ticket

21. International Association for Public Transport, (2009), ‘Assessing the benefits of public transport’, Available on http://www.uitp.org/sites/default/files/cck-focus-papers files/01%20Assessing%20the%20benefits%20of%20public%20transport.pdf

22. K. Sakamoto, Stelan Belka, Gerhard P Metschies, (2010), ‘Financing Sustainable Urban Transport- Module 1f – Sustainable Transport: A Sourcebook for Policy-makers in Developing Cities’, Available on www.sutp.org/ins-pol-supporting-docs/category/23-1f?download=23:1f-fsut-en Financing Sustainable Urban


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Transport- Module 1f – Sustainable Transport: A Sourcebook for Policy-makers in Developing Cities

23. Kiplinger’s Personal Finance Magazine (2006), ‘It Pays To Ride Public Transportation’, Available on ‘http://www.apta.com/resources/reportsandpublications/Documents/paystoride_textbook.pdf’

24. M. Sengul, C.G.Francis, M. Elkadi, & A.E. Pillay, (2009). The Contribution of CO2 Emissions to Environmental Stress in the Middle East: Challenges and Potential Solutions.Int. J. Environm. Stud.66(6), 705-722, Available on http://www.researchgate.net/publication/248924141_The_contribution_of_CO2_emissions_to_environmental_stress_in_the_Middle_East_challenges_and_potential_solutions

25. Madrid Metro, http://www.metromadrid.es/es

26. Mahesh Kapoor (2002), Vision 2020: Transport, Available on http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/genrep/bkpap2020/11_bg2020.pdf

27. Mirror, (2013), ‘London Underground changes: All you need to know about how the Tube will run in future’, Available on http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/london-underground-changes-you-need-2836931

28. Mohamad Kader, (2010),’ Unified Ticketing- Indian and Global Perspectives’, Available on http://www.dimts.in/pdf/Symposium-on-Publi-Transportation/Unified%20Ticketing-%20Indian%20and%20Global%20Perspectives-Mohamad%20Kader-DIMTS%20UITP%20Symposium.pdf

29. Moscow Metro, http://engl.mosmetro.ru

30. N.Sharma, S. Gangopadhyay, R. Dhyani, (2010), ‘Methodology for estimation of CO2 reduction from mass rapid transitsystem (MRTS) projects’ Available on http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/9970

31. National Intelligence council, (2012) ‘Global Trends 2030: Alternative Worlds’, Available on https://globaltrends2030.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/global-trends-2030-november2012.pdf

32. NBMCW (2011), ‘MRT System in India’, Available on http://www.nbmcw.com/reports/construction-infra-industry/25784-metro-rail-transport-system-in-india.html

33. NDTV (2014), ‘Mumbai Metro Commuters Can Now Recharge Their Smart Cards Online’, http://gadgets.ndtv.com/internet/

news/mumbai-metro-commuters-can-now-recharge-their-smart-cards-online-640075

34. NDTV (2014), ’ Delhi Metro Commuters Can Now Recharge Smart Cards via SMS’, Available on http://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/delhi-metro-commuters-can-now-recharge-smart-cards-via-sms-620808

35. NDTV, (2013), ‘Delhi Metro launches mobile application’, Available on http://www.ndtv.com/delhi-news/delhi-metro-launches-mobile-application-532429

36. PHYS (2012), ‘China city caps car-buying to curb pollution’, Available on http://phys.org/news/2013-12-china-city-caps-car-buying-curb.html

37. Régie autonome des transports parisiens, (Paris Metro) www.ratp.fr/en

38. Siemens India, (2013), ‘Siemens-powered Rapid Metro Rail Gurgaon begins operations begins operations’, Available onhttp://www.siemens.co.in/en/news_press/index/siemens-powered-rapid-metro-rail.html

39. Stockholm Metro,http://sl.se/en/getting-around/

40. Tokyo Metro, http://www.tokyometro.jp/en/

41. Transport for London, (n.d), ‘Congestion Charge’, Available on http://www.tfl.gov.uk/modes/driving/congestion-charge

42. Transport for London, http://www.tfl.gov.uk/modes/tube/

43. UNGC-Accenture-GCNI (2014), ‘UN Global Compact – Accenture CEO Study on Sustainability 2013: Insights of CEOs from the Global Compact Network India’, available on http://globalcompact.in/publications/

44. UN-Habitat, (2013), ‘Streets as Public Spaces and Drivers of Prosperity’, Available on http://mirror.unhabitat.org/pmss/listItem Details.aspx?publicationID=3513&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1

45. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2013). World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, Highlights and Advance Tables. Working Paper No. ESA/P/WP.228, Available on http://esa.un.org/wpp/documentation/pdf/wpp2012_highlights.pdf

46. United States Environmental Protection Agency, (n.d), ‘Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Data’, Available on http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html

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Global Compact Network India (GCNI) was launched in the year 2000 and formally registered as a non-profit entity in the year 2003, to function as the Indian Local Network of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGC). One of the oldest Networks amongst its 103 peers in the world, GCNI is the first Local Network in the world to be established with full legal recognition. GCNI is a country level platform for public and private sector companies, civil society organisations, academic institutions and business associations, and aids in aligning stakeholders’ practices towards the ten universally accepted principles of UNGC in the areas of human rights, labour, environment and anti– corruption. At present, the India Network ranks no.1 in the Asia Oceania Region and has emerged as the largest corporate citizenship and

social responsibility organisation in the country with a pan India membership of 206 organisations, who have strengthened their commitment to the UN’s Global Compact principles by becoming proud members of the Local Network, in India.

The Rapid Metro Sustainability Report is being carried out under the aegis of ‘Asia Pacific Resource Centre on Responsible Business Practices’, an integrated virtual knowledge Centre providing data, content, services and support to businesses and key stakeholders on ten UNGC principles, broad UN goals, special initiatives of the Secretary General, sustainability and CSR.

For more details, please visit www.globalcompact.in


ABOUT GLOBAL COMPACT NETWORK INDIA

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Project and Report LeadPooran Chandra Pandey

Research and Report AssociatesJhumki DuttaRishali Yadav

Research InternMidhat Amin

Report EditorUma Narayanan

Special Acknowledgement to Rapid Metro TeamRajiv BangaPritam KumarGungun Kapoor SaxenaHarsimrat KaurAnand Kumar Vijay Kharb

The Project and Report Lead would also like to thank the following people for their expert insights and inputsDr. Ajith Kaliyath National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA)

Alain Grimard UN-Habitat

Dr. Anand P. Gupta Economic Management Institute

D. Ajay Suri Cities Alliance

PhotographyAmit Pasricha

Report DesignMonika Khanna Gulatiwww.skybluedesign.in

Special Acknowledgement Deep Kalra, Founder & Group CEO, Makemytrip.com Amit Bhatt, Director (Transport), EMBARQ - WRI IndiaNavdeep Singh Virk, IPS, Commissioner of Police, GurgaonLatika Thukral, Founder, iamGurgaonManas Fuloria, Co-Founder & CEO, NagarroDLF

For further information, please contactPooran Chandra PandeyExecutive DirectorGlobal Compact Network IndiaEmail: [email protected]

Rajiv BangaManaging Director & CEOIL&FS Rail


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

DisclaimerThis report has been published for information and illustrative purposes only and is not intended to serve to provide any advice or recommendation of any nature, whatsoever. The content and information contained in the report include data / photographs/ allied material available in domain of secondary research and those obtained from companies such as Siemens and Rapid Metro Gurgaon through consultations, interactions and open source spaces. The report also contains information available in the public domain, created, maintained and acquired by the individual companies and Global Compact Network India (GCNI) does not warrant or solicit any kind of act or omission based on this report and owns the copyright of this report. The content in the report has been seen and vetted by the Rapid Metro Gurgaon team and Rapid Metro reserves the right to use the content as deemed fit. In event of any part of the report is to be used by a third party in any manner, whatsoever, the concerned user(s)/ party/parties would need to provide explicit, clear and proper attribution. Neither GCNI, individually or collectively, nor any of its employees or Governing Council Members give any warranty of accuracy, nor accept any liability as a result of reliance upon the content as contained in the report.

Copyright © Global Compact Network India June 2015.

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We want to create a world where the environment doesn’t need protecting.

Now to Next - Towards Sustainable Urban Mobility

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