NOUNSNOUNS

UNIT 2UNIT 2

What is a NOUN?What is a NOUN?

A noun is a A noun is a person, place, thing or idea.person, place, thing or idea.

Person – boy, girl, player, Mrs. BatesPerson – boy, girl, player, Mrs. BatesPlace- school, house, restroomPlace- school, house, restroomThing- ball, gun, horse, dog, pencilThing- ball, gun, horse, dog, pencil Idea- love, freedom, anger, jealousy, Idea- love, freedom, anger, jealousy,

loyalty, racism, happiness, greed, griefloyalty, racism, happiness, greed, grief

Find the nounsFind the nouns

A volcano erupted in the Hawaiian Islands.A volcano erupted in the Hawaiian Islands.

The noise from the eruption could be heard The noise from the eruption could be heard for miles.for miles.

The force from the blast could be felt by The force from the blast could be felt by many people.many people.

Common NounsCommon Nouns

A common noun is a noun that is very A common noun is a noun that is very general. It does NOT name a specific general. It does NOT name a specific person, place, or thing.person, place, or thing.

You DO NOT capitalize common nouns.You DO NOT capitalize common nouns.

boy, desk, picture, car, radio, song, boy, desk, picture, car, radio, song, actress, book, pencil, shoe, jeansactress, book, pencil, shoe, jeans

Proper NounsProper Nouns

Proper nouns name a specific person, Proper nouns name a specific person, place or thing.place or thing.

They are ALWAYS CAPITALIZED!They are ALWAYS CAPITALIZED!

John Henry, Coach Robinson, Hollister, John Henry, Coach Robinson, Hollister, New Balance, the Black Eyed Peas, New Balance, the Black Eyed Peas, Beyonce, George Bush, Toyota, Ford, the Beyonce, George Bush, Toyota, Ford, the Golden Gate BridgeGolden Gate Bridge

Can you change these nouns?Can you change these nouns?

CommonCommon ProperProperboy ---------------------------- ?boy ---------------------------- ?

? ------------------------------ Dr. Pepper? ------------------------------ Dr. Pepper

school ------------------------ ?school ------------------------ ?

? --------------------------- Chihuahua? --------------------------- Chihuahua

country -------------------------- ?country -------------------------- ?

Concrete / Abstract NounsConcrete / Abstract Nouns

A concrete noun is a noun that is A concrete noun is a noun that is tangibletangible. . It is a noun that you can touch, taste, It is a noun that you can touch, taste, smell, or hear. It is a noun that you can smell, or hear. It is a noun that you can get your hands on.get your hands on.

Dog, pencil, book, student, boy, girl, Brad Dog, pencil, book, student, boy, girl, Brad Pitt, movie, chair, desk, car, paperPitt, movie, chair, desk, car, paper

Abstract NounsAbstract Nouns

Abstract nouns are nouns that can Abstract nouns are nouns that can NOTNOT be touched. You can be touched. You can NOTNOT get your hands get your hands on these nouns. They are intangible.on these nouns. They are intangible.

They are our “They are our “idea”idea” nouns. nouns. Love, beauty, fear, anger, greed, hatred, Love, beauty, fear, anger, greed, hatred,

passion, freedom, democracypassion, freedom, democracy

Are these abstract or concrete?Are these abstract or concrete?

1.1. TubaTuba 10. success10. success2.2. MusicMusic 11. bedspread11. bedspread3.3. OrangesOranges 12. courage12. courage4.4. JoyJoy 13. baby13. baby5.5. RadiatorRadiator 14. ability14. ability6.6. CafeteriaCafeteria 15. teardrop15. teardrop7.7. MonitorMonitor8.8. CleanlinessCleanliness9.9. ideaidea

Compound NounsCompound Nouns

Compound nouns are nouns that are Compound nouns are nouns that are made up of made up of two or more wordstwo or more words..

They may be written as one word, contain They may be written as one word, contain a hyphen, or be more that one word.a hyphen, or be more that one word.

Doorknob, homeroomDoorknob, homeroomAge-group, runner-up, great-grandmotherAge-group, runner-up, great-grandmotherDining room, motion picture, music box, Dining room, motion picture, music box,

maid of honor, father in lawmaid of honor, father in law

How to make nouns pluralHow to make nouns plural

Plural means more than one. Plural means more than one.

You need to add an You need to add an –s–s, or an , or an –es–es to the to the end of a noun to make it plural.end of a noun to make it plural.

Forming plural nounsForming plural nouns

girl—girlgirl—girlss cat—catcat—catss room—room room—roomss

Piano—pianoPiano—pianoss runner-up ---runner runner-up ---runnerss –up –up

Potato – potatoPotato – potatoeses echo --echo echo --echoeses

Dress—dressDress—dresseses church --church church --churcheses

More pluralsMore plurals

When a singular noun ends in When a singular noun ends in o --add so --add s

photo – photos stereo –stereosphoto – photos stereo –stereos

EXCEPTION- potato (potatoes) EXCEPTION- potato (potatoes) echo(echoes) hero(heroes) echo(echoes) hero(heroes) tomato(tomatoes)tomato(tomatoes)

• When it ends in –y , change to –i and add When it ends in –y , change to –i and add

-es-es

Study- studies story—stories copy--copiesStudy- studies story—stories copy--copies

More plurals More plurals

When a vowel (a,e,i, o, u) comes before When a vowel (a,e,i, o, u) comes before

––y, y, Do NOT change to i, just add –sDo NOT change to i, just add –s..

toy—toys key—keys play—playstoy—toys key—keys play—plays

• Some “f” ending nounsSome “f” ending nouns• Roof – roofs chief – chiefsRoof – roofs chief – chiefs• Shelf – shelves thief -- thievesShelf – shelves thief -- thieves

Plurals, plurals and more pluralsPlurals, plurals and more plurals

Some nouns just stay the same!Some nouns just stay the same!

deer sheep moose salmon troutdeer sheep moose salmon trout

• Some nouns form plurals in special waysSome nouns form plurals in special ways

• Tooth – teeth woman—womenTooth – teeth woman—women• Man—men foot – feet child --childrenMan—men foot – feet child --children

Can you form the plurals of these Can you form the plurals of these nouns?nouns?

1.1. Party 9. deerParty 9. deer 17. fly17. fly2.2. Alley Alley 10. porch10. porch 18. book18. book3.3. RadioRadio 11. solo11. solo 19. calf19. calf4.4. DishDish 12. chief12. chief 20. family20. family5.5. BoxBox 13. minute13. minute 21. cello21. cello6.6. PotatoPotato 14. piano14. piano 22. moose22. moose7.7. FootFoot 15. day15. day 23. century23. century8.8. WomanWoman 16. baby16. baby 24. life24. life

Possessive NounsPossessive Nouns

A possessive noun shows ownership!A possessive noun shows ownership!

It has an apostropheIt has an apostrophe

Mike’sMike’s book is missing. book is missing.TheThe dog’s dog’s water bowl is empty. water bowl is empty.

Rules for possessive nounsRules for possessive nouns

ALL singular nouns --- ‘sALL singular nouns --- ‘s

Even if they end in s.Even if they end in s.

A girl’s coat Wes’s car Chris’s toyA girl’s coat Wes’s car Chris’s toy

Rules for possessive nounsRules for possessive nouns

Plural noun that DO NOT end in s----- ‘sPlural noun that DO NOT end in s----- ‘s

The children’s room The children’s room The women’s bathroomThe women’s bathroomThe men’s locker roomThe men’s locker room

More Possessive RulesMore Possessive Rules

Plural nouns that end in s ---- GET s’Plural nouns that end in s ---- GET s’

Boys’ shoesBoys’ shoesBooks’ indexesBooks’ indexesMonkeys’ tailsMonkeys’ tailsSkiers’ clothingSkiers’ clothing

Form the possessive case of these Form the possessive case of these nounsnouns

1.1. Marie Curie discovery 12. brothers roomMarie Curie discovery 12. brothers room2.2. Scientist experiments 13. cow milkScientist experiments 13. cow milk3.3. Gus houseGus house 14. children plans 14. children plans4.4. Ellie jacket Ellie jacket 15. turkey feathers 15. turkey feathers5.5. Machines designersMachines designers6.6. Coach speechCoach speech7.7. Queen Isabella policyQueen Isabella policy8.8. Principals officesPrincipals offices9.9. Men storeMen store10.10. Boss officeBoss office

Possessive NounsPossessive NounsWrite the possessive form of the highlighted nounWrite the possessive form of the highlighted noun

1.1. George WashingtonGeorge Washington troops crossed the Delaware troops crossed the Delaware River.River.

2.2. Sondra was surprised by her Sondra was surprised by her sonson interests. interests.3.3. CharlesCharles new bike sparkled in the sun. new bike sparkled in the sun.4.4. The The classclass projects impressed the teacher. projects impressed the teacher.5.5. My part-time job fits most My part-time job fits most studentsstudents needs. needs.6.6. Fresh Fresh vegetablesvegetables flavor is better than frozen ones. flavor is better than frozen ones.7.7. Many Many countriescountries goals include less crime. goals include less crime.8.8. The The animalsanimals habitats are quickly being destroyed. habitats are quickly being destroyed.9.9. A A cropcrop yield can supply hundreds with food. yield can supply hundreds with food.10.10. The two The two teachersteachers classes all followed the same theme. classes all followed the same theme.

ContractionsContractions

Contractions are the shortened version of Contractions are the shortened version of a word.a word.

You must be careful not to confuse You must be careful not to confuse contractions and possessive nouns. They contractions and possessive nouns. They both have apostrophes.both have apostrophes.

A contraction can be broken down into 2 A contraction can be broken down into 2 words. She’s =she iswords. She’s =she is

A possessive must OWN something!A possessive must OWN something!

Collective NounsCollective Nouns

Collective Nouns name a group of Collective Nouns name a group of individualsindividuals

CommitteeCommittee familyfamily flockflock gagglegaggleHerdHerd teamteam swarmswarm audienceaudienceClubClub crowdcrowd facultyfaculty juryjury class classOrchestra troopOrchestra troop packpack

Collective Nouns are TRICKY!Collective Nouns are TRICKY!

If the group stays together ---- singularIf the group stays together ---- singular

If the group breaks apart --- pluralIf the group breaks apart --- plural

BUT HOW DO YOU KNOW???????BUT HOW DO YOU KNOW???????

Clue words that help!Clue words that help!

These words indicate that a collective noun is These words indicate that a collective noun is SINGULARSINGULAR

It, its, a , an , entire, same, wholeIt, its, a , an , entire, same, wholeAnd NO clue wordAnd NO clue word

So --- So --- Singular subjects have verbs that end in SSingular subjects have verbs that end in S

Ex. The Ex. The familyfamily ( begins, begin) ( begins, begin) itsits trip. trip.II

Plural CluesPlural Clues These words are clue words that signal a plural These words are clue words that signal a plural

collective noun.collective noun.

Their individual vote themTheir individual vote them Separate many different themselvesSeparate many different themselves

So ----- So ----- plural subjects have verbs that DO NOT plural subjects have verbs that DO NOT end in –send in –s

Ex. The Ex. The familyfamily ( eat, eats) ( eat, eats) theirtheir sandwiches. sandwiches.

Mrs. Bates’s favorite rule in EnglishMrs. Bates’s favorite rule in English

SINGULAR subjects have verbs that end SINGULAR subjects have verbs that end in ----Sin ----S

PLURAL subjects have verbs that DO PLURAL subjects have verbs that DO NOT end in ----SNOT end in ----S

LEARN THIS!!! WE WILL USE THIS LEARN THIS!!! WE WILL USE THIS OVER AND OVER IN ENGLISHOVER AND OVER IN ENGLISH!!!!!!

AppositivesAppositives

An appositive is a noun that is placed next An appositive is a noun that is placed next to another noun to identify it or add to another noun to identify it or add information about it.information about it.

Coach Sutton, Coach Sutton, the math teacherthe math teacher, is a , is a former student of Mrs. Bates.former student of Mrs. Bates.

It is almost always set off by commas.It is almost always set off by commas.

AppositivesAppositives

Appositives can appear at the beginning, Appositives can appear at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence.middle or end of a sentence.

Our fourth presidentOur fourth president, James Madison held , James Madison held many jobs.many jobs.

James Madison, James Madison, our fourth presidentour fourth president, held , held many jobs.many jobs.

Many historians have studied the life of Many historians have studied the life of Madison, Madison, our fourth president.our fourth president.