NOUN: THE CATEGORY OF NUMBER I. Choose the phrase(s) that best complete the empty spaces:

1. He introduced me to … of the people present at the exhibition.

a. many b. each c. a large amount d. some 2. In her test paper, she managed to write … correct sentences.

a. many b. a lot of c. several d. a great deal of 3. My best friend was in trouble and asked me to give him … advice.

a. an b. a little c. some d. many 4. I don’t quite agree to the fact that your children eat … chocolate.

a. a lot of b. many c. a large number of d. a great deal of 5. Jane bought … Christmas presents for her family last year.

a. plenty of b. lots of c. few d. a huge amount of 6. If you don’t have … information on the topic, you may consult the Encyclopaedia Britannica.

a. an b. much c. any d. many 7. There is … money on the table. Is it yours?

a. some b. a few c. a little d. many 8. She always seems to have … homework to do.

a. many b. much c. plenty of d. a II. In the following fragment, there are some nouns that should be in the plural, but are not.

Change the text where appropriate: When I realized that I wanted to be a star, I left home and I tried to find lodging in the capital. I finally got a place, but it was on the outskirt of the city. The owner did not live on the premise, so there was no-one to disturb with my music. The acoustic in the basement was excellent, so I used to practise there. The problem was that I made so much noise that I almost shook the foundation! Unfortunately, when I went to the headquarter of the Musicians’ Union, somebody there told me that I didn’t have a good enough look to be famous. So that was the end of my dream!

III. Correct any errors in these sentences:

1. My reading glasses is somewhere in the bedroom, but I just can’t find it. 2. In the south of the country, houses are generally made of stones, but here, bricks are more common. 3. This pair of binoculars have been in this drawer for a long time. 4. What you have just told me is a really good advice. 5. They had such a terrible weather that they had to give up the idea of living in a tent and got an accommodation in the town. 6. He has a great deal of experiences in dealing with such problems. 7. Although my knowledge in this area are quite poor, I like antique furnitures. 8. The scissors in grandmother’s sewing box needs sharpening. 9. I have made great progresses with my researches these days. 10. I think that the bathroom scales is out of order. It indicates my weight at a different value every time.

IV. Use the appropriate specific quantifier in each case:

WEATHER 1. We had an excellent … of warm weather at the seaside last summer. 2. An unexpected … of rain prevented us from leaving the supermarket for ten minutes. 3. A … of wind turned Mary’s old umbrella inside out. 4. The children got scared when a … of lightning lit up the sky. 5. They got even more scared when it was followed by a loud … of thunder. 6. I’ve just felt a … of rain on my nose. I think we should go home.

NATURE 1. I don’t feel very well. I must go out for a … of fresh air. 2. During the fire, there was a huge … of smoke hanging over the district. 3. While he was watching me, he was blowing little … of smoke out of a cigarette. 4. I saw a very interesting insect on a … of grass. 5. There is a problem with my left eye. I think I’ve got a … of dust in it.

GROCERIES 1. I would like to buy a … of bread, one … of soap and two … of chocolate. 2. All that he says should be taken with a … of salt. 3. How many … of sugar do you take in your tea? 4. Put a few … of rice in a bowl. 5. Have at least one … of meat and one … of cake!

OTHER 1. This … of land is suitable for a garden. 2. She is tired because she didn’t get a … of sleep last night. 3. He was late because, just before he was about to leave, his wife developed a serious … of nerves. 4. She was a skinny, tall girl, with a … of red hair. 5. Until they open the new … of motorway, the traffic will be heavy here. 6. Don’t wait too long! Call me at the slightest … of trouble! 7. Your idea was a … of genius! And it was a … of luck that you were able to put it to practice! 8. I have never seen you in such a … of temper before.

V. Rewrite the following sentences using the words given. The new sentences will contain common phrases with uncountable nouns.

1. He goes jogging every morning, no matter if it is raining, snowing or bright sunshine. weathers 2. Although immoral, lying may be necessary sometimes. evil 3. They money they made with the concert is going to the children’s fund. proceeds 4. Once the models are no longer so good looking, their career comes to an end. looks 5. He proved that he knew the situation very well. knowledge 6. There is little chance of finding someone who can lend us that money. odds 7. She hoped that she would feel better after she had slept for some time. sleep 8. She got on very well with her boss. terms

VI. Translate into English :

1. Trebuie să obţinem orice informaţie care ne-ar putea ajuta în încercarea noastră. 2. Am plecat cu prea multe bagaje şi acum trebuie să le car singur. 3. Avem nevoie de un binoclu şi o busolă. 4. Mă tem că nu te pot ajuta. Am puţine cunoştinţe în acest domeniu. 5. Singurul sfat pe care mi l-a dat a fost să merg mai departe. 6. Poliţia nu a făcut încă nici o arestare în acest caz. 7. Ştirile pe care le-am primit până acum sunt extrem de interesante. 8. Unde sunt banii Mariei? Nu sunt în sertarul unde îi ţine de obicei. 9. Care din cele două bagaje e mai greu: al tău sau al mamei tale? 10. Mi-am spălat salopeta fiindcă era foarte murdară.

VII. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate collective noun:

PEOPLE 1. a(n) … of people 2. a(n) … of workers 3. a(n) … of people listening to a concert 4. a(n) … of sailors on a ship 5. a(n) … of thieves 6. a(n) … of people in a church 7. a(n) … of people at a football match 8. a(n) … of actors 9. a(n) … of trustees ANIMALS 10. a(n) … of elephants 11. a(n) … of fish 12. a(n) … of lions 13. a(n) … of flies/ bees 14. a(n) … of deer 15. a(n) … of sheep/ goats 16. a(n) … of birds

17. a(n) … of peacocks 18. a(n) … of wolves 19. a(n) … of geese 20. a(n) … of puppies THINGS IN GENERAL 19. a(n) … of papers/ clothes/ toys/ books 20. a(n) … of flowers 21. a(n) … of cards 22. a(n) … of wood 23. a(n) … of mountains 24. a(n) … of ships 25. a(n) … of stars 26. a(n) … of steps 27. a(n) … of grapes 28. a(n) … of cranes 29. a(n) … of beads 30. a(n) … of events 31. a(n) … of chairs/tables/boxes

VIII. Choose the correct answer: 1. There was a [a. piece; b. gasp; c. flicker] of hope in her voice. 2. Darts [a. are; b. represent; c. is] a game very much enjoyed by teenagers. 3. Real wages [a. were; b. is; c. has been] reported to have declined since 2000. 4. There was a flock of [a. sheeps; b. cows; c. sheep] in the field. 5. The kite was flying above the [a. rooves; b. roofs; c. roof] of the village. 6. At funfairs, children usually love riding on [a. merry-go-rounds; b. meerys-go-round; c. merries-go-rounds]. 7. He told me that thirty dollars [a. was; b. were; c. is] not enough and that he needed more. 8. If you break her [a. China; b. china; c. chinas], she will never invite you to dinner again. 9. We were all in [a. fits; b. giggles; c. attacks] of laughter at his jokes. 10. They were [a. brothers; b. brethrens; c. brethren] in the same religious group. IX. Translate into English:

1. În general, preoţimea se opune fertilizării in vitro. 2. Fiecare ştire despre activitatea voastră este binevenită. 3. Acustica acestei săli e foarte bună. Acustica e o ramură a fizicii. 4. Aceste mijloace de a obţine un paşaport sunt total ilegale. 5. Printre peştii de apă dulce includem somonii, păstrăvii, crapii şi ţiparii. 6. S-au făcut progrese remarcabile în acest domeniu în ultimii ani. 7. Dă-mi cei doi pantaloni scurţi care trebuie cusuţi. 8. Un fulger este de obicei urmat de un tunet.

X. Choose the singular or the plural form of the nouns below. Translate into Romanian: 1. colour a) Her description of the event is full of …. b) Stand up when they are raising the national …. c) He was wearing the … of his favourite football team. 2. compass a) Give me the …, because I want to draw a circle. b) I think we have lost our way. We’d better

use the …. c) Such things are beyond the … of the human mind. 3. custom a) It takes time to get used to the local … and traditions. b) You must declare everything at the …. c) On Saturday evening, as was his …, he went downtown. 4. damage a) You’ll have to pay for the … caused in our restaurant. b) In case of earthquake, the insurance

company will pay the …. 5. ground a) The army turned him down on medical …. b) Our house in the country has extensive …. c) Desertion is a … for divorce. d) Why doesn’t anyone take care of this sports …? 6. minute a) He wanted to see the … of the previous meeting. b) Could you wait one or two …? 7. pain a) I don’t think she is in any … now. b) He took great … to make the evening perfect. 8. scale a) He was practising … on his new piano. b) Weigh the flour on the kitchen …. c) The … of this fish are very interesting. 9. spirit a) In the countryside, old women usually believe in …. b) I tried singing in order to keep their

… up. c) He promised he would never touch … again. 10. wit a) He is known for his caustic …. b) Laura is admired for her integrity and quick … XI. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1. The fire produced a big damage and everybody was desperate. 2. I’m sure that the book will provide important scientific dates in the field. 3. I’m trying to take photos of these wonderful lightnings. 4. The police has just caught the criminal. 5. The speaker asked the public to take its seats. 6. Economics are not a subject that I’m really interested in. 7. You’d better put on a brace, or your trousers will fall down. 8. There were several hundred of students in front of the University.

ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS I. Rewrite the following sentences putting the adjectives between brackets in the correct order. Justify

your order by identifying, in each case, the adjective type:

1. She was wearing a coat (leather, elegant, black, new). 2. The Browns bought a car (German, second-hand, big, cream-coloured). 3. They used to spend their weekends in a house (small, lovely, country, modern, brick). 4. He offered his wife a dress (velvet, scarlet, evening, gorgeous, long). 5. I happened to find a statue (antique, little, marble, cheap, yellow). 6. We were impressed by the waters (cold, turbulent, greyish, deep). 7. They all sat down at a table (French, huge, dining, old, oak, brown, round). 8. He was very proud of his stick (black, stylish, walking, old-fashioned).

II. Underline the correct form in each of the following sentences:

1.We were all struck by her stone/stony expression when she entered the room. 2. He couldn’t afford buying her a gold/golden ring, so he got a silver/silvery one instead. 3. “Is this a metal/metallic chair?” “No, it is made of wood, but it has a metal/metallic colour.” 4. She is a high/highly competitive gymnast who hates losing. 5. Some workers were laying lead/leaden pipes outside the house. 6. He insisted that the goods should be sent to him direct/directly. 7. The new shampoo is supposed to give you silk/silky hair in a matter of months. 8. “How are your parents?” “They enjoy fair/fairly good health.” 9. The only heating device in the house was an old wood/wooden stove. 10. I have travelled wide/widely, and, in one of my expeditions, I came across a woman who lived alone deep/deeply in the forest.

III. Put the adjective at the end of each sentence into the correct place:

1. After one year’s preparation, we’ll start the … courses … . (proper “strictly so called; itself”) 2. The … neighbours … called the police. (concerned “worried”) 3. Tom has always been a … boy … . (responsible “with a sense of duty”) 4. I think that, given the circumstances, he had a … reaction … . (proper “suitable”) 5. The chemicals killed any … bacteria … . (present “at an event, in a place”) 6. Nobody understood Mary’s long … explanation … . (involved “complicated”) 7. The … man … was sent to jail. (responsible ”who is/should be blamed for smth.”) 8. You should go and talk to the … teacher … . (concerned “connected with this”) 9. The … situation … cannot be allowed to continue. (present “existing or happening now”) 10. The … person … has just left the office. (involved “affected by or included in an event or situation”)

IV. Circle the variant(s) that can fill each gap:

1. The … child was comforted by his mother. (sick, afraid, frightened, ill) 2. They had stories … about their travels around the world. (unlikely, galore, a-plenty, countless) 3. A speedy solution is … . (main, principal, chief, crucial) 4. He was taken … by the ferocity of the criticism. (aback, unawares, surprised, unaccustomed) 5. The … train is almost never on time. (last, late, early, stopping) 6. This is … reward for twenty years of loyal service. (due, scant, meagre, proper)

V. Use the correct form of the adjective between brackets:

1.Without (far) delay, she took her coat and left. 2. Have you seen the (late) issue of the magazine? 3. The (old) brother is ten years (old) than the youngest. 4. Which is (good) of the two books? 5. I won’t be able to finish the project without (far) help. 6. Surprisingly enough, the (late) half of December was unusually warm. 7. I should have entered the (near) shop and bought some more bread. 8. Although Jane is an extrovert, nobody can be sure

about her (in) thoughts and feelings. 9. Unfortunately, he is considered to be the (little) of the two critics. 10. Who is the (old) member of your department? 11. Is this really her (late) show? Does she intend to give up acting? 12. The matter they are discussing now is of the (out) importance. 13. If you want to get to the opera, take (near) turning to the left. 14. As she was quite poor, the old lady decided to rent one of the (up) rooms.

VI. Complete the similes in column A with suitable elements from column B:

Column A as melancholy as … as ugly as … as sick as … as proud as … as calm as … as merry as … as old as … as poor as … as sweet as … as drunk as … as dead as … as light as … as heavy as … as cold as … as sober as … as quick as … as strong as … as like as … as large as … as deaf as … as easy as … as flat as … as good as … as busy as … as pretty as …

Column B a church mouse two peas a picture a flash sin/ a scarecrow a bee a clock honey a judge a horse a board the hills a feather a cat/ a sick monkey a dog a cucumber gold a cricket a lord a peacock lead a doornail A,B,C life post/doorpost

VII. Rephrase the following sentences using various phrases and constructions with adjectives:

1. The Alps are a lot higher than the Pindus range. The Pindus range is nothing … 2. I don’t mind carrying this box. It is extremely light, as opposed to the other one, which was very heavy. I

don’t mind carrying this box. It is … 3. We used to be much closer than we are now. We are nowhere near … 4. The children were very well-behaved while you were out. The children were as … 5. They are by no means as intelligent as their father. They are far … 6. Our special offer was taken up by as many as 70 000 people. No … 7. There are hotels completely covering the landscape to the horizon. There are hotels as … 8. If we climb higher, the view will be more beautiful. The … 9. “Anne is a funny girl.” “Do you mean amusing or strange?” Do you mean funny… 10. In my opinion, this novel is worse than his last one. I don’t think this novel is …

VIII. Translate into English:

1.Care sunt ultimele noutăţi legate de conflictul dintre conducere şi sindicalişti? 2. Dacă ai avea de ales între teatru şi cinematograf, ai opta pentru prima sau pentru a doua dintre alternative? 3. Cu cât mergeam mai departe, cu atât ne simţeam mai uşuraţi. 4. Am două mere: ia-l pe cel mai mare. 5. Deşi sora mea mai mare era mai în vârstă decât mine cu 4 ani, semănam ca două picături de apă. 6. Dacă îmi poţi împrumuta chiar tu cartea, cu atât mai bine. 7. Tot mai puţini tineri sunt interesaţi de astfel de probleme. 8. Ultimul său roman este foarte reuşit. Acum îl aşteptăm cu nerăbdare pe următorul. 9. Nu arată cu nimic mai rău în urma accidentului. 10. Ne este din ce în ce mai greu să-ţi rezolvăm problema. Ai minţit, şi asta îţi face greşeala cu atât mai gravă.

AUXILIARY VERBS

I. Write questions about the italicized parts of the following sentences: 1) She stole the bread for the sake of her sick child. 2) The tower has been standing here since 1925 as a symbol of peace and friendship. 3) My grandparents live about three miles away. 4) Aunt Elizabeth is a very handsome woman. 5) Your son should drink out of the small glass. 6) She had been packing up her things for about two hours when it was time to leave for the railway station. 7) He managed to climb twenty feet up the mountain. 8) A branch of the Gulf Stream comes to the west coast of the British Isles. 9) By the way, yesterday you went off with Jane’s hat. 10) All the students attending that course appreciated the clarity of his presentation. 11) Our school is about half a mile beyond the playing field. 12) They catch fish and oysters by means of nets. 13) She was going to get it from the chemist’s. 14) He will certainly join us unless he chooses to take a different route. 15) My brother scored 120 in the IQ test.

II. Add the necessary question-tags to the following statements: 1) She really must leave for school now. 2) Frank often watched his sister acting. 3) Frank never watched his sister acting. 4) They haven’t any money in the bank. 5) I am disturbing you if I come now. 6) There is nowhere to sit in this room. 7) Each of you is staying overnight. 8) All of us will go to the cinema. 9) He had his car repaired last week. 10) She may join us on that trip. 11) You never used to wear a hat. 12) You’d rather I didn’t contradict you. 13) He ought to have been informed about it. 14) They have a meeting every month. 15) You haven’t met my cousin John. 16) No one watched the building while we were away. 17) He hardly ever talks to us now. 18) Everyone likes the Physics teacher. 19) Either Jane or Mary will come to help us. 20) You have to go to Bucharest next week. III. Add tags in order to soften the power of the following imperatives: 1) Come and see me after work tomorrow. 2) Let’s take the baby to another doctor. 3) Don’t sit in the manager’s chair. 4) Let me have a look at your composition. 5) Don’t choose such a loud tone of voice. 6) Call me when she gets back to the office.

IV. Translate into English the following statement – short answer pairs: 1) -N-am reuşit să ajung la timp din cauza vremii.

-Nici fratele meu nu a reuşit. 2) -Anul acesta am cursuri numai după-amiaza.

-Şi eu la fel şi nu-mi place deloc. 3) -Învăţ spaniola de vreo şase luni şi mă descurc binişor.

-Şi eu, dar nu o vorbesc prea fluent. 4) -Am să mă duc să o felicit pe Ana cu ocazia zilei sale de naştere.

-Şi eu mă voi duce. 5) -Nu-mi place de noul nostru şef.

-Să-ţi spun sincer, nici mie. V. Rephrase the following sentences, paying attention to the word order:

1) As soon as I went to bed, someone knocked at the door. No sooner………………………………………………

2) There was so much confusion that the stock exchange remained closed. Such……………………………………………………………………

3) I wouldn’t doubt her integrity for one moment. Not…………………………………………..

4) If you do happen to stop at the library, could you return this book for me? Should…………………………………………………………………….

5) It’s not common for there to be such heavy snowfalls in October. Rarely…………………………………………………………..

6) You won’t be allowed to leave until the problem has been solved. Only ……………………………………………………………..

7) The door keeper cannot be blamed for the fire in any way. In…………………………………………………………

8) The manager didn’t at all suspect that his partner was trying to get rid of him. Little…………………………………………………………………………..

9) Helen read the story, and also translated it into English. Not only………………………………………………

10) She was extremely beautiful and men could hardly take their eyes off her. So…………………………………………………………………………..

VI. Give the negative counterparts of the following sentences: 1) Someone came to see her sometime after the accident. 2) Both Jane and Mary have handsome fathers. 3) They managed to find something interesting somewhere else. 4) If you don’t get along with your boss, you can move somewhere else. 5) It’s still snowing. 6) Your sister might be somehow disappointed when she finds out the truth. 7) There has been only one bus since morning. 8) She nearly always has to finish the others’ work. 9) Frank has brought some presents and so has John. 10) He was already there when I arrived.

VII. Translate into English: 1) Nu pot să nu-i spun că s-a înşelat in această privinţă. 2) Abia dacă-l cunoaştem pe noul nostru coleg. 3) Nu obişnuia să doarmă după-amiaza când era copil. 4) Nici unul dintre studenţi nu trebuie să plătească această taxă. 5) Nici bine nu a intrat pe uşă, că l-au şi sunat de la servici. 6) – Care dintre cele două tablouri îţi place?

– Nici unul. 7) N-am putut trece pe la tine săptămâna aceasta, şi nici săptămâna viitoare n-o să am timp. 8) Nu astăzi suntem invitaţi la petrecere, ci sâmbăta viitoare. 9) Nici Maria, nici Ana nu vor să-i spună mamei ce s-a întâmplat la şcoală. 10) În casa aceasta nimeni nu ştie niciodată nimic.

VIII. Give the affirmative counterparts of the following negative sentences: 1) No woman will ever turn George into a good husband. 2) No one of that description ever wanted to see you. 3) The child can neither read nor write. 4) Scarcely anybody expected her to pass the exam.. 5) No one must smoke in this institution. 6) They couldn’t have waited there long.

IX. Rephrase the following sentences: 1) He couldn’t remember the title of the novel and his colleague couldn’t either.

Neither………………………………………………………………………. 2) They seldom argue about who should do the housework.

Seldom…………………………………………………. 3) Mary accepted our suggestion and so did her husband.

Mary didn’t…………………………………………. 4) Whenever she saw an old couple, she thought of her own parents.

She couldn’t……………………………………………………. 5) I had just resumed work when phone rang again.

Hardly…………………………………………. 6) They never thought that their plan would be successful.

At no time…………………………………………….. 7) Nothing will make me trust him again.

There isn’t…………………………… 8) “Are you going out tonight?’, the man asked his son.

The man wanted to know………………………….. 9) Both my sister and my brother are students.

Not only………………………………….. 10) We usually don’t play tennis on Sundays.

We almost………………………………

MODAL VERBS

I. Comment on the use of SHALL, SHOULD, WILL and WOULD in the following

sentences:

1) If I had known that you needed me, I should have come earlier. 2) They will often go and spend the evening with their friends. 3) We shall pay you a visit at the end of this week. 4) Will you prepare the dinner for us tonight? 5) That would be the person that we are supposed to meet. 6) I suggested that she should find another workplace. 7) Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 8) My car would reach over 150 kilometres an hour. 9) The conference will start tomorrow morning at 9.30. 10) You shall never speak to me like that again. 11) You should see this film, it’s excellent. 12) I will never lend him a book again. 13) If Frank spent more time studying, he would have better results. 14) If you should have some spare time, please help me with this translation. 15) If you will clear the table, I’ll start the washing-up. 16) Shall the student wait in front of your office? 17) Let’s go for a walk, shall we? 18) I told them that I should leave for Paris the following day. 19) She would go jogging every morning when she was at college. 20) This door won’t open. You must repair it.

II. Rewrite the following sentences using MAY/MIGHT, MUST and CAN/COULD:

1) Perhaps it will snow again tomorrow. 2) I don’t believe that Mark spoke to you like that. 3) It is possible that they missed the morning train. 4) Mary is sometimes really irritating! 5) I’m sure you are tired after such a long journey. 6) It is impossible that all the members disappeared without leaving any trace. 7) Probably she left her umbrella in my father’s car. 8) I just don’t believe that this is our former English teacher. 9) John looks rather ill: he probably caught a cold at the skating-rink yesterday. 10) I just didn’t know that we were allowed to use our dictionaries.

III. Translate into English using MAY/MIGHT, MUST, CAN/COULD, SHALL/SHOULD and WILL/WOULD:

1) - Poate să vină şi fratele meu?

- Nu, nu poate, fiindcă e prea mic. 2) Am să pot trece pe la tine de îndată ce voi termina raportul. 3) Cu siguranţă Tom nu a scris această compunere. S-ar putea să fie a Anei. 4) Vei fi pedepsit dacă încalci aceste reguli. 5) Serveşte un sandwich. Precis ţi-e foame după ce ai stat atâta în aer liber. 6) Dacă vrei să mă asculţi un moment, am să-ţi explic ce s-a întâmplat. 7) Dacă găsiţi cumva cartea, cumpăraţi-mi şi mie una. 8) Nu ne-a spus nimeni că ne putem aşeza aici.

9) Mă gândesc că s-ar fi putut să afle ceva despre noii săi vecini. 10) Să o ajut sau să o las să se descurce singură? 11) Sunt convins că ne-ar fi sunat dacă ar fi putut. 12) Nu sunt dezamăgit că nu am luat examenul.Voi reuşi anul viitor.

IV. Choose between DIDN’T NEED TO (+infinitive) and NEEDN’T HAVE (+past participle):

1) He…(buy) the dictionary, as Diane offered to lend him hers. 2) I…(add) any spices to the sauce. I think somebody had already put some and now it is too hot. 3) We had wanted to repair the TV, but then we decided to buy a new one and so we…(repair) it. 4) They redecorated their flat, but then they had to move. They…(decorate) it. 5) John…(wait) for her in front of the cinema, because she never showed up. 6) I…(introduce) him to Professor Jones, as they had met some years before at a conference. 7) I…(be) there at 8 o’clock, which would have given me time to do the shopping. 8) I… (be) there at 8 o’clock, which gave me time to do the shopping.

V. Translate into English using modal verbs which express (lack of) obligation:

1) Am auzit că e în spital. Trebuie să-l vizitez zilele acestea. 2) - Trebuie să arăt permisul poliţistului?

- Eu n-a trebuit să i-l arăt săptămâna trecută. 3) Trebuia să fi mai precaut. Nu vezi ce repede te-au descoperit? 4) A răcit şi, prin urmare, trebuie să se întoarcă acasă mai repede. 5) Nu a trebuit să-i traduc scrisoarea, fiindcă ştie bine englezeşte. 6) Mai bine te-ai întoarce săptămâna viitoare, altfel rişti să pierzi deschiderea. 7) Trebuie să-mi continui treaba. Trebuie să termin eseul până mâine. 8) Presupun că trebuie să-l ajutăm, cel puţin de dragul vremurilor trecute. 9) Nu trebuie să-ţi iei paltonul, fiindcă nu e frig afară. 10) Nu mai trebuia să-i trimiţi acea scrisoare, fiindcă a aflat deja despre accident. 11) Mi-a explicat foarte clar că aşa ceva nu trebuie să se întâmple. 12) – Spune-mi, doctore, trebuie să ţin regim?

VI. Rephrase using modal verbs: 1) I doubt he translated that article; he isn’t that good at English.

He…………………………………………………………. 2) Why didn’t you help your colleagues when they needed you?

You…………………………………………………………. 3) Paying the rent in advance is not necessary here.

One…………………………………………….. 4) It’s highly probable he will arrive before dusk.

He…………………………………………… 5) It’s possible that she has already got our telegram.

She………………………………………………. 6) They worried too much about the show, but it all went off perfectly.

They……………………………………………………………….. 7) My grandparents prefer to live in the country than in the town.

My grandparents……………………………………………… 8) It will be better if you tell him the truth right away.

You………………………………………………..

9) He finds it difficult to achieve a balance between work and play. He……………………………………………………………….

10) The students at the back would not listen to the young teacher. The young teacher…………………………………………….

VII. Fill in the blanks with a modal verb and with the appropriate form of the verb in brackets:

I had a briefcase when I left my office, but I no longer have it now. I …(1 – leave) it in the taxi. You (2 – not send) for the doctor right after grandmother’s faint. She recovered consciousness

immediately. “After that incident, I understood myself better. I certainly wasn’t as stupid as Jane was. She (3 –

realize) then what I was going to do, but she simply (4 – not promise) not to tell anybody about that.” Giving him a cold look, John said: “You (5 – kill) her!”

You (6 – not read) Forsyte Saga in only two days. It usually takes at least one week to read it. Heaven knows what Mrs. Brown (7 – do) with so many books. I think she will start to sell them

soon. There was an engine drivers’ strike and the trains (8 – not leave) the station. The passengers (9 –

be) exasperated. You (10 – not speak) to Mary in such a rude manner. She is so sad now.

VIII. Translate into English using modal verbs:

1) - Aş prefera să nu mă duc la film decât să te las singur acasă. - Mai bine mi-ai fi cumpărat şi mie bilet.

2) Maşina nu porneşte. Va trebui să o repar. 3) Mergeau la mare în fiecare an pe vremea când erau studenţi. 4) Precis era înăuntru, fiindcă i-am auzit vocea, dar n-a deschis. Poate n-o fi auzit soneria. 5) Cum îndrăzneşti să-l deranjezi? Nu ştii cât de ocupat este astăzi? 6) Vrei să mă însoţeşti până la el? 7) Nu e obişnuit să i se vorbească aşa urât. 8) - De ce nu vine cu noi la teatru?

- Trebuie să-şi termine temele. 9) Deşi am puţin timp liber, am să te ajut. 10) De obicei era multă lume în parc la ora aceasta. 11) - Să-i spun Anei ce s-a întâmplat?

- Nu, nu este cazul. De fapt, nici nu ai voie să vorbeşti cu prea multă lume despre acest lucru. 12) Deşi am rugat-o, nu a vrut să-mi dea numărul de telefon al profesorului. 13) N-ar îndrăzni să vorbească aşa cu un vechi prieten. 14) Nu trebuia să îi ceri tu scuze. A fost numai vina lui. 15) De o vezi cumva, transmite-i salutări din partea mea. 16) Va plăti pentru că mi-a înşelat încrederea! 17) - Ştii să schiezi?

- Nu încă, dar voi ştii iarna viitoare, când mă voi duce la Predeal. - Eu ştiam să schiez când aveam cinci ani.

18) Îmi pare rău că l-am jignit. Nu trebuia să vorbesc despre acest lucru. 19) Dacă ai vrea să vii cu mine, aş fi încântat să te duc cu maşina. 20) - De ce te grăbeşti aşa?

- Trebuie să fiu la aeroport la ora 10, fiindcă prietena mea vine de la Londra.

IX. Rephrase using modal verbs:

1) Visitors are prohibited from entering the private area of the castle. Visitors……………………………………………………………

2) It was very impolite of Mary not to leave a note when she left. Mary…………………………………………………………..

3) I really insist that you should solve this problem by tomorrow. You……………………………………………………………

4) If by some remote chance she mentions my name, please put in a good word for me. If she……………………………………………………………………………..

5) It was wrong of you to go on the trip instead of staying here to help us. You…………………………………………………………………….

6) I had more pizza than I really needed and now I’m rather sick. I………………………………………………………………..

7) If he refuses to lend me the money, I will talk to his wife. If he……………………………………………………...

8) It’s typical of Mark to lose his money at cards! Mark…………………………………………..

9) Although he was a long way from the hospital, John managed to get there in twenty minutes. Although he was a long way from the hospital, John……………………………

10) Don’t read the whole novel unless you want to. You……………………………………………

PASSIVE VOICE I. Give the passive equivalents of the following sentences. Sometimes two passive variants

are possible:

1) Someone is presenting the visitors the surroundings of the castle. 2) They are rebuilding the village which the earthquake razed to the ground. 3) It seems that they lent George a huge amount of money last year. 4) We will certainly give Jane one of these books. 5) They say that dolphins are some of the most intelligent animals. 6) No one has slept in this bed since we moved here. 7) Having greeted the students, Professor Smith sat down at his desk. 8) They promised the strikers better working conditions.

II. Consider each of the following sentences and decide whether only one or both verbs in

italics are suitable:

1) Take all the time you need, but, please, have/get the job done in the end. 2) I must have/get my shoes repaired today. 3) Everybody knew that her husband had been/had got killed in the war. 4) We had/got our car stolen, so we must go to the police. 5) On Saturday, Jane had/got her hair done as usual. 6) A lot of students were/got left behind when the school bus drove off. 7) It was really difficult, but I finally had/got the computer repaired. 8) He had/got his arm broken while playing football.

III. Whenever possible, turn the following sentences into the passive voice, paying attention to the verb and preposition/particle combination:

1) They should go into the question of costs as soon as possible. 2) The explorers will go into the cave early in the morning. 3) Make sure that you stick the stamp on firmly before you send the envelope off. 4) Most film stars don’t like people to stare at them in shops or restaurants. 5) After a discussion which lasted for more than two hours, we finally arrived at an agreement. 6) They arrived at the station five minutes late. 7) If you say that, people will certainly mock at you. 8) You should take your baby to a nursery, as they will look after him very well there.

IV. Rephrase the following sentences:

1) A burglar broke into our house while we were on holidays. Our……………………………………..

2) It’s time the authorities did something about the problem of the homeless. It’s time………………………………………………….

3) People say that her former husband was very difficult to live with. Her former……………………………………………………

4) He always insists that his employees should keep to the rule. He always………………………………………

5) It is believed that the castle was built in the twelfth century. The castle……………………………………….

6) Nobody had invited the teacher to the ceremony, which annoyed him. As he……………………………………………………

7) At that moment, a neighbour was looking after the children for us. At that moment, our children…………………………………

8) Everybody thought that the proof had been destroyed. The proof……………………………………….

9) I hate it when people laugh at me. I hate…………………………………………… 10) Someone stole Mark’s bicycle last week.

Mark……………………………………………

V. Rewrite the following sentences by using the verbs in italics in the passive voice:

1) The fact that people met John’s speech with so much enthusiasm means that nobody could have presented the issue better to the public.

2) My parents advised me not to let others criticize me. 3) The committee raised a strong objection to the Browns’ adopting little Mary. 4) People don’t appreciate hypocrisy any more than they do violence. 5) Shouldn’t we inform him about this problem privately, without anyone hearing it? 6) On their telling her that the police were following her, the woman realized that someone had

revealed her secret. 7) People say that they drew up the agreement in the presence of two witnesses. 8) When the librarian finally discovered the missing dictionary, she found that someone had torn

up most of its pages and had made notes on its covers.

VI. Translate into English the following impersonal sentences:

1) Suprafaţele de acest fel pot fi curăţate uşor dacă folosiţi soluţiile noastre. 2) Se aşteaptă o nouă creştere a preţului benzinei. 3) Se tipăresc din ce în ce mai multe cărţi de proastă calitate. 4) Portocalele se curăţă mai greu dacă nu ai cuţit. 5) Mi s-a pus o întrebare foarte grea ieri. 6) Se pare că umbrelele se vând cel mai bine iarna. 7) Cărţile poliţiste se citesc, de obicei, destul de uşor. 8) Se consideră că acest pianist este foarte talentat.

THE PROGRESSIVE AND PERFECTIVE ASPECT I. Choose between Present Simple and Present Continuous:

1) I (think) you are aware of my opinion in this respect. 2) “What are you doing?” “I (smell) Jane’s perfumes; they all (smell) wonderful”. 3) “You (see) that man over there? No, not that one! You (not look) where my finger (point)”. 4) I’m tired of living in a flat; I (think) of moving into a house. 5) “I (not hear) a word of what he (say)” “You (not hear) because you (not listen) carefully”. 6) I just (taste) the milk. Here! How it (taste) to you? 7) Our country (have) a population of 22 million this year. 8) I (think) that you (see) too much of that snob and I (not approve) of it. 9) The court (hear) this particular part of the evidence in private. 10) We’ll come later, because we (have) a wonderful time at the party. 11) “You (remember) the name of the woman who (sit) next to Mary?” 12) She (feel) the silk in order to see how soft it is.

II. Choose between Past Simple and Present Perfect:

1) They (meet) for the first time the day before yesterday. 2) I (attend) two important meetings this week. 3) When you (be) invited to that dinner party? 4) John (call) just now and (leave) a message for you. 5) It seems that he (place) the money in a Swiss bank. 6) We all (sit) in silence for a few minutes; the teacher (start) speaking at last. 7) She (call on) me several times earlier this week. 8) You (listen) to Placido Domingo singing? You (listen) to him when he was in Romania? 9) “You (be) to Spain before?” “Yes, we (spend) our honeymoon here last year.” “You (have) good

weather?” “No, it never (stop) raining.” 10) “I (visit) my grandparents last week.” “You (happen) to see uncle Frank, too?” “I (not see) him for

many years. I wonder where he is.” 11) William Shakespeare (write) a lot of famous plays. 12) George (be) a professional boxer for six years. Then he gave up sports and became a businessman.

III. Identify any possible errors in the following sentences and correct them:

1) I’m depending on you, so, please, don’t let me down! 2) The meat is tasting a bit funny. 3) I have the feeling that something goes wrong in their marriage. 4) What’s the book you’re reading? 5) It’s autumn. The leaves turn yellow and fall down. 6) I understand that you work late every day! But what are you doing at weekends? 7) I think you’re being rather foolish about this. 8) I sell this car. Do you want to buy it? 9) He holds a bottle in his hand. 10) “How is your sister feeling now” “Much better”.

IV. Decide whether the tense underlined is suitable or not in the context given. If you decide it is not suitable, write a correction:

a) The strangest thing about my old aunt was that she (1) was never coming to see us if we (2) had

other guests. She (3) used to call whenever she (4) was intending to pay us a visit. And when she (5) heard that a colleague of mine or some friends of my parents (6) promised to stop by, she (7) was making a silly excuse and (8) was saying that we would meet some other time. Unfortunately, all our attempts to convince her to come (9) were useless once she (10) made

her decision.

b) We (1) were in touch with the Blue River Police several weeks before detective Brown (2) was coming here, because they (3) contacted our department, asking us to send a criminologist. However, now it was us who (4) needed their help, because, in the meantime, one of our colleagues (5) disappeared. Detective Brown (6) considered what we should do next when we heard a knock at the door. It was our colleague’s wife. She (7) told us that she (8) got a phone call a few minutes earlier and a strange voice (9) announced her that her husband (10) lay

on a Hawaian beach with a superb blonde.

V. Translate into English using Present Simple/Continuous and Present Perfect

Simple/Continuous:

1) Copiii mei învaţă engleza de doi ani şi acum o ştiu destul de bine. 2) Arde ceva în bucătăria vecinilor; văd că iese fum pe fereastra lor. 3) Săptămâna trecută l-am întâlnit la Universitate, dar de atunci nu mai ştiu nimic de el. 4) – De când plouă?

– A început să plouă în urmă cu două zile şi nu s-a mai oprit de atunci. 5) De când s-a întors, stă în casă şi nu vorbeşte cu nimeni. 6) Fratele meu stă cu noi luna aceasta, fiindcă şi-a vândut casa. 7) Sunt trei săptămâni de când am avut acea discuţie serioasă şi eu mă gândesc întruna la propunerea

lui. 8) Toată ziua a învăţat pentru examen şi acum se odihneşte. 9) – Auzi? Parcă vorbeşte cineva în camera alăturată!

– Da, aud, dar nu înţeleg ce spune. 10) Sunt doi ani de când nu l-am mai văzut şi, în tot acest timp, n-am primit nici o scrisoare de la el.

VI. Put the verbs in brackets into a perfect tense in order to suggest what has occurred, had occurred, or will have occurred to produce the situation described in each sentence:

1) “Do you have any idea what the film is about?” “No, I (not see) it”. 2) If we don’t buy the tickets now, tomorrow we will no longer find any. All of them (be sold). 3) That’s the second time that someone (break) into our flat. 4) I went to see a dentist because I (have) an aching tooth for some time. 5) We (finish) your dress by tomorrow evening. It will be ready for you at 8 o’clock. 6) When she first went there, she was not able to utter a single word, because she (not study) any

foreign language at school. 7) I know Bucharest very well, as I (spend) a lot of time there. 8) Then he told me that he needed my help. It was the first time that he (ask) me to do something for

him. VII. Rephrase the following sentences:

1) The last time I was abroad was in 2000.

I haven’t………………………………… 2) We’ll have to leave immediately at the end of the lecture.

The moment…………………………………………. 3) The cat keeps sleeping in our bed!

The cat is……………………… 4) There will be someone to meet Professor Jones on arrival.

When……………………………………….. 5) This will be our first match with a foreign team.

This will be the first time…………………………. 6) The house will take us two years to complete.

In two years’ time we………………………… 7) The number of people who buy books is decreasing.

Fewer……………………………………………….. 8) After returning from the spa, my grandmother began to feel much better.

Since my grandmother………………………………………………….. 9) I didn’t receive an answer from him for more than two months.

It was……………………………………………. 10) There will be a committee members’ meeting tomorrow.

The committee members………………………………. VIII. Put the verbs in brackets into an appropriate tense:

1) I really (not understand) what you (do) here. 2) Anyone (see) my pen? I (put) it on this table when I (arrive). 3) When they (not call) us by 6, I (know) they (miss) the train. 4) You (go) to the seaside this weekend? Or you (run) out of money? 5) What you (think) we all (do) in ten years’ time? 6) Something (tell) me that the students (not listen) to a single word the teacher (say) in the last half an

hour! 7) Ann (not receive) our gift the last time she (write) me. 8) I (consider) buying a house, but now I (change) my mind. 9) What’s the matter? You (break) your leg? How it (happen)? 10) By the time we (get) there, the play (start).

IX. Translate into English using the appropriate simple, progressive or perfect tenses:

1) Ai citit ceva de Mark Twain? Care dintre romanele lui le-ai studiat la şcoală? 2) Am fost foarte supărat când mi s-a spus că spectacolul s-a terminat deja şi le-am reproşat prietenilor

mei că nu m-au anunţat să vin mai devreme. 3) Îl aşteptam de mai bine de o oră când un poliţist apăru la uşă şi ne spuse că Tom a fost arestat. 4) – Ai mai fost vreodată la acest muzeu?

– Da, l-am mai vizitat o dată când eram copil şi am fost foarte impresionat de sala armelor. De atunci nu am mai fost aici.

5) Ai terminat cartea ca să mi-o poţi da şi mie? Când ai terminat-o? Cât timp ţi-a luat să o citeşti? 6) Nu scriam la compunere de multă vreme când am aflat că, între timp, primisem o altă temă. 7) Când s-a făcut ora zece şi ea nu a venit încă am început să mă întreb dacă nu cumva m-a înţeles

greşit şi mă aşteaptă în altă parte. 8) Acest dramaturg a scris şi câteva poezii foarte bune. Le-a scris în tinereţe. 9) Citeam cartea de câteva săptămâni, dar nu o terminasem încă. 10) Nu intra în clasă. Profesorul de franceză are oră acolo şi nu-i place să fie deranjat. El predă de la ora

zece şi încă nu a făcut pauză.

TENSES

I. Supply the correct tense of the verb in brackets:

1) A lot of things (change) here since you (leave) the country. 2) Please be quiet! You continually (interrupt) your colleagues. 3) My brother (buy) that new car, but he (complain) about it ever since. 4) It’s a pity you (not join) us to Mamaia last week. As you never (be) at the seaside, it (be) an

interesting experience for you. 5) When you (see) her again, you (be) impressed by the way her health (improve) since she (retire). 6) Not until we (get) there we (find out) that he (be) away on holiday. 7) Pay no attention to Mary. She just (be) sarcastic again. 8) What you (do) in the evening? Would you like to go out? 9) By the time you (return) with the drinks, I (lay) the table. 10) I thought you (come) to see me as soon as you (arrive). 11) She said she (want) (see) the movie as she (be) informed it (be) very good. 12) He told me that it (be) six days since he (arrive) in that resort, but he (not manage) to go out, as it

(rain) continuously. 13) I (work) on the book for about twenty minutes when I (remember) that I (promise) I (call) around

that hour. 14) When she (see) that you (not take) the advice she (give) you last week, she certainly (get) very

angry.

II. Translate into English using suitable present, past and future tenses:

1) Cred că familia Brad dă o petrecere; aud muzică şi văd o mulţime de oameni intrând la ei cu flori. 2) - Observ că şeful tău poartă un costum foarte elegant

- Da, el întotdeauna se îmbracă cu gust. 3) De când locuiţi în capitală? Când aţi venit să locuiţi aici? 4) Lucrează în acest departament de când a terminat facultatea. 5) Sunt vreo zece ani de când am plecat din Oradea şi, din păcate, în tot acest timp n-am mai fost

niciodată pe acolo. 6) Sunt vreo două săptămâni de când nu ne-am mai văzut, şi nici n-am mai vorbit la telefon de vreo

câteva zile. 7) - De când n-aţi mai ieşit la un restaurant?

- N-am mai ieşit nicăieri de vreo două săptămâni, când am sărbătorit ziua Mariei. 8) Nici bine nu am intrat pe uşă că a şi venit la mine şi mi-a spus că e de acord cu decizia pe care am

luat-o. 9) După câte înţeleg, ai de gând să-mi înapoiezi cartea abia după ce va fi citită de toate rudele tale. 10) Până aduci tu dicţionarul, noi vom termina cea mai mare parte a traducerilor. 11) Urmează să ne întâlnim cu reprezentanţii autorităţilor săptămâna viitoare. 12) Am să mă uit la televizor în timp ce tu îţi scrii eseul.

III. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the same:

1) The play was already over when we got to the theatre. By the time………………………………………….

2) This is my second visit to the British Museum. This is the second time……………………….

3) I haven’t seen a really good film at the cinema for ages. It’s……………………………………………………...

4) This is the strangest idea you have ever had. You………………………………………..

5) After so many weeks of hard work, they paid me nothing. After I……………………………………………………

6) Susan will get proper medical treatment and, then, her condition will improve. Once…………………………………………………………………………...

7) My doctor’s appointment is for next Thursday. I am ………………………………………………

8) The speaker started shouting and was immediately hooted off the platform. No sooner…………………………………………………………………..

9) Whose are these clothes? Who……………………

10) She won’t find out the truth until the witness testifies. Only after……………………………………………

IV. Fill in with the appropriate mood, voice and tense of the verbs given in brackets:

After a long silence, she asked me: “What you (1)…(do) all this time?” I wished I (2)…(have) something remarkable to say, but, as usual, I (3)…(can) only think of the plain

truth. So, I (4) … (tell) her that I (5)…(do) some writing and some editing, adding that I probably (6)…(deal) with that until I (7)…(retire).

But I (8) …(realize) that Laura (9)…(not listen) to my answer, because she suddenly told me: “You (10)…(look) just the same, Arthur.” Actually, she (11)…(be) right: I (12)…(look) quite the same as I (13) …(do) in my twenties.

She (14)…(add), “I (15)…(wish) I (16)…(do), too!” “But you (17)…(look) wonderful!” I said.

I could not help (18)…(notice) that Laura (19)…(smile) while she (20) …(examine) me carefully.

V. Rephrase the following sentences in indirect speech beginning as shown:

1) “Make sure that you don’t leave the TV on all night, Bill”, said his father. His father warned…………………………………………………………

2) “No, you really must visit us in our new home”, said Jane. Jane insisted………………………………………………

3) “Ann, would you like to come on holiday with me?”, said Mary. Mary……………………….……………………………………

4) “Why don’t you join us for dinner?”, said Oscar. Oscar suggested………………………………...

5) “If he is here, he will help us”, said Jane. Jane assured us that………………….. 6) “Why weren’t you at school last week, Tom?”, asked the teacher. The teacher wanted to know…………………………………….. 7) “If you hadn’t been to the party yesterday, you wouldn’t be so tired!” His wife told him………………………………………………….. 8) “I wish I hadn’t told him what I think about him”, said Helen. Helen regretted………………………………………………. 9) “Stand up when your teacher comes in!” He ordered…………………………….

10)“Is your sister still living in her old little flat or has she moved out of it?”, Jack inquired. Jack asked me…………………………………………………………………….

VI. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1) She is dying her white dress blue. 2) All those in favour of the proposal rose their hands, except for old Mr. Benton who, almost laying in

his chair, seemed to have felt asleep. 3) Neither my parents nor my sister have heard about my accident yet. 4) We scarcely got on the bus than she started telling me about her problems and she hadn’t stopped

until the bus riched her stop. 5) Jack’s trousers have shrunken in the wash. 6) Take your umbrella in case it will rain in the afternoon. 7) We had better called him right now and saw if he could help us. 8) The boat was born along by the current. 9) She says she had taken on a lot of responsibilities lately and was afraid she will not succeed to cope

with them unless she doesn’t get some help. 10) If you studied harder, you would be able to give me the correct answer now.

VII. Translate the following sentences paying attention to use of the English tenses:

1) Ea voia să afle numărul de telefon al profesoarei, deoarece fiica ei s-a îmbolnăvit şi nu va putea merge la şcoală a doua zi.

2) Membrii comitetului discută problema de vreo trei ore, dar nu au ajuns la nici o concluzie. 3) După ce discutăm cu directorul, ne vom duce să căutăm mărfurile pe care ni le-aţi arătat săptămâna

trecută, după ce au plecat ceilalţi clienţi. 4) Se plângea că e o lună de când nu l-a mai văzut pe Alex şi că nu are nici cea mai vagă idee pe unde

a fost în tot acest timp sau când va veni pe acasă. 5) Bărbatul care stă de vorbă cu Ana este vecinul de alături; ei stau în faţa blocului de cel puţin un sfert

de oră. 6) Mi-a spus că Tom nu e acasă, dar să-l aştept până se întoarce, fiindcă îmi va da o veste care mă va

bucura. 7) Când l-am întrebat dacă i-a telefonat Monicăi de ziua ei de naştere, mi-a spus că nu, dar că îi va

trimite o telegramă. 8) Mi s-a spus că, după ce va petrece acolo cinci ani pentru documentare, va scrie o carte. 9) Mai târziu, după ce a terminat şcoala, în timp ce îşi căuta o slujbă, s-a întâlnit cu un fost coleg care

i-a promis că o să-l ajute să se angajeze la firma unchiului său. 10) Când i-am telefonat, am întrebat-o dacă şi la Craiova e frig, fiindcă la noi sunt minus cincisprezece

grade, deşi soarele străluceşte încă de dimineaţă.

VIII. Consider the following sentences and decide which of the two verbal forms is the most appropriate in each case:

1) The plane is due to take off/ will take off in ten minutes. 2) Mary is looking/ looks wonderful today. 3) You won’t have to call me because we will meet/ will be meeting a lot at school next week. 4) When you lived in Bucharest, did you use to travel/ were you travelling by underground? 5) A lot of things have happened/ happened at the office today. 6) What is happening/ happens now that the ceremony is over? 7) That was typical of John. He was always losing/ would always lose his keys in his childhood. 8) I think there is something wrong with my car: it has made/ has been making some strange noises. 9) It rained/ has rained for a week when we were at the seaside. 10) I really don’t know when I will be/ am back.

MOODS

I. Translate into English using, in each case, the right form of the subjunctive mood:

1) Aş dori să-mi fii alături în aceste momente. 2) Am sugerat ca Alex să ne însoţească în expediţie. 3) Am chemat un taximetru pentru ca Ana să nu piardă trenul. 4) Se uita la inelul meu de parcă nu l-ar mai fi văzut niciodată. 5) Oricât de interesant ar fi filmul, aş prefera să mergem la operă. 6) Le era teamă să nu se prăbuşească clădirea. 7) E timpul ca tu şi cu mine să lămurim nişte lucruri. 8) Orice ar fi spus, tu trebuia să-l convingi să vină. 9) Aş fi preferat ca problema să fie tratată cu mai multă discreţie. 10) Este posibil să ningă la sfârşitul acestei luni. 11) Aş vrea să nu mă deranjaţi cănd am ore. 12) A subliniat importanţa faptului ca toţi să susţinem această decizie.

II. Translate into English paying attention to the various types of conditional clauses and using various kinds of conditional conjunctions:

1) Dacă cumva vă place prăjitura, am să vă trimit şi vouă reţeta. 2) Presupunând că aş accepta propunerea, care ar fi primul pas al colaborării noastre? 3) Să-mi fi verificat mesajele mai repede, aş fi aflat încă de alaltăieri despre sosirea lor. 4) N-ai avea atâtea probleme dacă n-ai fi atât de mincinos. 5) Am să o ţin cu mine în cameră cu condiţia să nu mă deranjeze. 6) Muncitorii vor primi mai mulţi bani cu condiţia să şi lucreze mai mult. 7) Nu ar fi supărată pe tine dacă nu i-ai fi vorbit atât de urât. 8) De n-ar mai fi atât de frig! 9) Am să-ţi împrumut romanul cu condiţia să mi-l înapoiezi mâine. 10) Ne povestea râzând că era cât pe-aci să se răstească la doamna din faţa ei dacă nu observa la

timp că e soţia şefului său. 11) A trebuit să mă întorc mai repede. Profesoara mi-a spus că, dacă nu voi fi la şcoală luni

dimineţa, le va spune părinţilor mei despre notele proaste pe care le-am luat în ultima vreme. 12) Doctorul mi-a spus că, dacă ar fi în locul meu, n-ar lua acele medicamente.

III. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown, and using verbs in the Subjunctive or the Conditional Moods:

1) A teacher requires punctuality and hard work from his students.

A teacher requires that……………………………………………. 2) If you want my advice, I’d think twice about setting out on such a storm.

If I……………………………………………………………………….. 3) Please don’t tell anybody about my new boyfriend.

I’d rather…………………………………………. 4) Everyone regretted not paying more attention to the instructions.

Everyone wished……………………………………………….. 5) If Jack hadn’t been interested in art, we couldn’t have opened this gallery.

But…………………………………………………………………………

6) Mark is in prison because his boss caught him taking money from the safe. If his boss…………………………………………………………………..

7) Even if you returned late, you should have called me. However……………………………………………..

8) What would you do in case of fire? Supposing………………………..

9) The students should be able to translate such texts by now. It’s about time……………………………………………..

10) He only did that for his daughter to be happy. He only did that……………………………...

IV. Fill in with the appropriate mood, voice and tense of the verbs given in brackets:

When I arrived at home, I (1)…(tell) my mother about the old man I (2)…(meet) in the hospital and how he (3)…(manage) to skip classes when he (4)…(be) a schoolboy. Hardly I (5)…(finish) saying that when I (6)…(realize) that I (7)…(be) wiser if I (8)…(hold) my tongue. The simple mention of school (9)…(give) mother ideas. She told me that, if I (10)…(want) to return to school that semester, she (11)…(go) to talk to the principal and he probably (12)…(let) me start at once.

“But I (13)…(not want) to start at once. It (14)…(be) only three weeks to the end of the semester”, I replied.

“I would rather you (15)…(be) more enthusiastic about it. Tomorrow I will call the principal and tell him that you (16)…(turn up) as soon as you (17)…(recover) completely”, concluded mother with determination, (18)…(give) me that peculiar look of hers.

Anyway, at that moment, I (19)…(wish) I (20)…(not say) a word about the whole story.

V. Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word in the capitals:

1) Without you, I would have resigned a long time ago. BEEN 2) You should go to bed now, because you have classes early in the morning. TIME 3) I’m really sorry you couldn’t come to the Halloween party. ONLY 4) We won’t go on the trip if the weather is bad. UNLESS

5) Oscar doesn’t know all the details, though he pretends to. ACTS 6) We really must solve this problem as soon as possible. IMPORTANT 7) You lied to him and now he doesn’t trust you anymore. IF 8) If you do remember his name, call me later. SHOULD 9) I won’t sell the necklace, not even for $1000. IF 10) He didn’t mention it because he was afraid of upsetting Mary. THAT

VI. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form:

On July 15th I returned home. I (1)…(be) abroad with a scholarship for three years. On (2)…(see) the members of my family, who all (3)…(come) to the airport to meet me, I was somehow surprised. First of all, I realized that my little sister (4)…(be) no longer little as she (5)…(grow) pretty tall. She (6)…(go) to school the next year, but her behaviour was one full of importance, as if she (7)…(be) already a lady. My mother was also changed and I only (8)…(wish) she (9)…(be) able to preserve her young spirit throughout the years. As far as my father was concerned, he (10)…(put on) some weight and it was obvious that in a few years’ time his health (11)…(fail) if he (12)…(not take) proper care of himself after he (13)…(retire).

I said to myself: “I (14)…(notice) all these changes now if I (15)…(not be) far away from my family for such a long time? Probably not. But how much I myself (16)…(change) in the last three years?” I wanted to ask that aloud, but I was afraid I (17)…(get) an answer which I (18)…(not like). Therefore, I decided I had better (19)…(leave) those philosophical considerations aside and I started telling my family about what I (20)…(do) while I was away.

VII. Translate into English:

1) Spunea să o suni pe la ora zece, deoarece, şi dacă o să meargă la cumpărături, tot va ajunge acasă până atunci.

2) A ieşit pe uşa din spate, fiindcă îi era teamă să nu se întâlnească cu profesorul de la a cărui oră a lipsit săptămâna trecută.

3) Profesorul de literatură i-a spus Mariei că nu o crede că a citit romanul, fiindcă, dacă ar fi făcut-o, cu siguranţă şi-ar fi amintit numele acelui personaj.

4) A spus că, dacă are timp săptămâna viitoare, când prietena ei va sosi în Bucureşti, îi va arăta câteva dintre locurile cele mai frumoase ale capitalei.

5) Poliţistul a ordonat ca greviştii să elibereze şoseaua, fiindcă încurcau circulaţia încă de dimineaţă şi spuneau că nu vor pleca acasă până nu vor discuta cu directorul.

6) Ştiam că George ar fi preferat ca şi directoarea să fie prezentă, dar bănuiam că se consola cu ideea că, dacă aceasta ar fi venit, nici nu s-ar mai fi putut ocupa de ceilalţi invitaţi.

7) A spus să îl aştept până se va întoarce, fiindcă are să-mi dea două veşti care mă vor bucura. 8) Chiar dacă ţi se va părea că e prea târziu, să-l suni neapărat când ajungi acasă, fiindcă el va

aştepta mesajul tău.

VIII. Decide whether each sentence is grammatically possible or not and give reasons for your decision:

1) If you should happen to find the article, call me right away. 2) If it isn’t for your brother, we are missing the train. 3) I hope I would see him again. 4) Supposing your father will find out, what will you do? 5) You’d better stop now lest you should get too tired. 6) I knew that if he was at home, he would help me. 7) No matter what you should do, I’ll be by your side. 8) If you will behave like that, no wonder that people start avoiding you. 9) If only I knew then what I know now. 10) If they haven’t contacted us yet, they haven’t got our letter.

NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERB

I. Translate into English using various Infinitival and Participial constructions:

1) Se spune că e un pianist foarte talentat, dar din păcate eu nu l-am auzit niciodată cântând. 2) Când recepţia s-a încheiat, toţi invitaţii au plecat în limuzine şi alte maşini de lux. 3) Vreau să-mi strâmtez rochia, deoarece am slăbit mult în ultima vreme. 4) A rămas pe loc, sperând că, până la urmă, cineva va observa că stă în mijlocul încăperii. 5) Deşi mi-am plombat măseaua în urmă cu o lună, mâine va trebui să o scot, fiindcă mă tot doare de

atunci. 6) Se aşteaptă ca mulţi studenţi să refuze categoric să plătească un preţ atât de mare pentru acel

dicţionar. 7) Dacă vremea ne va permite, vom face o excursie în munţi la sfârşitul acestei săptămâni. 8) Dacă nu i-aş fi auzit chiar eu certându-se în fiecare seară, aş fi crezut că au o căsnicie foarte reuşită. 9) A trebuit să-şi facă un palton nou, deoarece cel vechi se rupsese. 10) Se spune că a fost chemat şi el la şedinţă, dar nu s-a dus fiindcă şeful său l-a sfătuit să rămână

neutru. 11) Săptămâna trecută secretara a fost prinsă scotocind prin biroul directorului şi a fost imediat

concediată. 12) Dacă ţi-ai fi zugrăvit apartamentul în vară, ai fi putut găsi pe cineva capabil să o facă bine.

II. Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the Gerund and add the correct preposition:

1) Lily is certainly unused … (wake up) so early in the morning. 2) The members of the board consented … (give) him the loan. 3) They were pleased … the plan (work) up to the end. 4) There can be no objection … Mark’s (join) the rescue team. 5) I had difficulty … (find) someone able to tune my piano. 6) The party was organized … her (be informed) about it. 7) Oscar’s success … (save) the little girl’s life turned them into a local hero. 8) I was uneasy in my mind … his (leave) just a few minutes before the storm started. 9) You are so perfect … (spoil) my day with your never-ending complaints. 10) We could help her get over this difficult moment … (keep) her spirits up.

III. Consider the following sentences and use the verbs between brackets in either gerund or infinitive:

1) To get to work in time means (get up) at 6.30 and (catch) the 7.30 bus. 2) We stopped (talk) to our teacher about the exam that we would take the following week. 3) Look at Peter’s trousers! It seems that they really need (iron). 4) I hate (interrupt) our chat, but I have a lot of work to do for tomorrow. 5) I’m sorry! I regret (say) that you are a fool. 6) She tried (speak) English when she was in London, but nobody understood her. 7) In times of stress, he is so focused on his problems that he sometimes forgets (eat). 8) I mean (help) you as long as you really want to be helped. 9) I suggested (take) a taxi and they all agreed. 10) I regret (say) that you were wrong to take the book without permission. 11) Stop (eat)! Don’t you see how fat you have grown? 12) Suddenly I heard a voice that I remembered often (hear) before.

IV. Translate into English using, wherever possible, Gerundial constructions:

1) Nu pot să nu mă gândesc la prietenul nostru Alex, care ne-a invitat la expoziţia lui, dar nu ne-am putut duce.

2) Nu suport ca toată lumea să-mi spună cât de mult am greşit când mi-am dat demisia. 3) N-aş putea să descriu plăcerea ei când şi-a revăzut fiul după atâţia ani. 4) Pantofii trebuie curăţaţi înainte de a fi lustruiţi. 5) A încercat să discute cu şeful său, dar nu a obţinut nici un rezultat. 6) Abia aşteaptă să-şi redobândească libertatea după ce a stat şapte ani în închisoare. 7) A recunoscut că a furat portmoneul numai după ce poliţia i-a găsit amprentele pe el. 8) Am uitat că ţi-am spus deja de şedinţă şi, prin urmare, toată dimineaţa am încercat să dau de tine. 9) Nu sunt obişnuit să mă îmbrac atât de formal la petreceri. 10) Ana va fi supărată că am minţit-o; de fapt, nici nu mă pricep să spun minciuni.

V. Rephrase the following sentences, using various non-finite forms of the verb:

1) They say that John was driving at more than 100 miles an hour when he had the fatal accident.

John ………………………………………………………………………….. 2) How kind of her to promise that she would help us!

He gladly remembered…………………………….. 3) I am thinking of getting someone to put a new lock on the door.

I am thinking…………………………………………………… 4) He really believed that I would pass that difficult exam.

He really believed in………………………………….. 5) She said it was true she had photocopied the secret documents.

She admitted…………………………………………………... 6) They soon reported that the escaped prisoners had been recaptured.

They soon reported the escaped prisoners………………………… 7) I’ve been invited to attend the lecture and I’m looking forward to it.

I’m looking…………………………………………………………. 8) Now that the judge has heard the final testimony, he will be able to give the verdict.

Having…………………………………………………………………………… 9) I have heard a rumour that your former wife is living somewhere in Italy. Your former………………………………………………………………

10) The thief eventually confessed that he had stolen the car. The thief eventually confessed………………………….

VI. Put the verbs in brackets into the right non-finite form and add, if necessary, the correct preposition:

1) They succeeded (persuade) the authorities to start a campaign against nuclear weapons. 2) In my school days I remember (be/make) to wake up at 6.30 in order to revise my lessons once

again. 3) My husband tried (repair) the TV, but he couldn’t. 4) Although football is not exactly my cup of tea, I liked (watch) that match with my friends. 5) I will never forget (congratulate) you on your wedding anniversary. 6) She tried (use) that new detergent, but she still couldn’t get the coffee stains out of the tablecloth. 7) The Parliament is sure (pass) a law against smoking in public places. 8) He will certainly be amazed (find out) what happened there. 9) We would like the problem (treat) with discretion.

10) Although she is quite sure (get) a good mark, she is still anxious to see the results. 11) I really think that the hotel needs (restore). 12) He seems (lend) his brother-in-law two thousand dollars, which now he is trying hard to get back.

VII. Decide on the nature of the ing-forms in the following sentences and give reasons for your decision:

1) The doctor walking next to the injured girl is an old friend of my father’s. 2) Walking at least for an hour every day is important for everyone’s health. 3) My old uncle cannot take a step without his walking stick 4) I watched Mary walking down the street in her new furcoat. 5) Walking along the river, I heard someone crying for help. 6) I don’t want to take the bus, because I’m used to walking to my office. 7) The slowly walking woman is George’s grandmother. 8) She was seen walking up and down outside his house. 9) I hate John’s walking with his hands in his pockets. 10) Diane walking the dog that morning, I was able to sleep till ten o’clock.

VIII. Rewrite the following sentences in such a way as to contain the words in capital:

1) Receiving the inheritance enabled us to buy a bigger house. MEANT 2) He came home unexpectedly and found his two sons smoking. COMING 3) It was quite warm when I left home, so I didn’t put on my coat. BEING 4) I stepped into the empty room, and this gave me a strange feeling. STEPPING 5) She’s quite happy to look after the children for you. MIND 6) He didn’t want to listen to Anne’s story, as he had heard it all before. HAVING 7) If you work for us, you’ll have a lot of money, but little spare time. INVOLVES 8) John was just stealing the money when the police appeared. WAS CAUGHT 9) My sister must go to the dentist’s for filling today. FILLED 10) I’m sorry that I couldn’t let you know earlier. REGRET

IX. Identify the possible errors in the following sentences and correct them:

1) He is sure of having stolen the jewels, but the police just can’t make him confess. 2) Travelling by bus, one of grandmother’s china vases got broken. 3) After having agreed on the agenda, they went on to talk about the results of the elections. 4) We regret informing you that your application was rejected. 5) Wanting to restore her parents’ old house, Jane asked me to contact the best designers in town. 6) She made every single person in that huge audience to cry with the story of her sad childhood. 7) I don’t remember to have told Jim that he might join our team. 8) The Bartons had their house destroyed in that terrible earthquake. 9) The University forbids the students’ smoking on the corridors. 10) Parents should discourage their children against taking any kinds of drugs.