Noun Clauses Mustafa Güneş. What do you think a noun clause is? What will the president do? Can...
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Transcript of Noun Clauses Mustafa Güneş. What do you think a noun clause is? What will the president do? Can...
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Noun ClausesMustafa Güneş
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What do you think a noun clause is?
• What will the president do?
• Can you tell me what the president will do?
• I don’t know the answer.
• Gina told me that she doesn’t know the answer.
• Do you know her address?
• He asked me if I know her address.
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Types of Noun clauses1. Noun Clauses Beginning With
That:
• She doesn’t like pop music
• We know (that) she doesn’t like pop music
• He is the best of all. I’m sure.
• I’m sure (that) he is the best of all.
• Coffee grows in Brazil. It is well - known to all.
• That coffee grows in Brazil is well known to all.
object
Subject
adj + that
“that” can be omitted here.
“that” can’t be omitted here.
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2. Noun Clauses Beginning With A Question Word
• When is he coming tomorrow?
• I don’t know when he is coming tomorrow.
• What did your daughter buy for you as a present?
• I haven’t heard whose daughter has passed the exam.
noun clausemain clause object of the sentence
Wh-? + aux + subject + Main Verb + object
Wh-? + subject + (aux) + Verb + objectMain Clause +
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Exceptions:
• What happened here yesterday?
• Please tell me what happened here yesterday.
• Who knocked the door?
• Can you tell me who knocked the door.
Wh-? + Verb
Wh-? + Verb Main Clause +
Wh-? + Verb
Main Clause +
Wh-? + Verb
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3. Noun Clauses Beginning with Whether/If
Has he signed the contract?
•I want to know whether / if he has signed the contract (or not) .
•Whether he has signed the contract (or not) doesn’t matter.
Main Clause + whether/if + subject + (aux) verb + object + (or not)
Whether/if + subject + (aux) verb + object + (or not) + main Clause
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Choose the correct answer
1. Nobody knows _____________ the beginning of a tornado.
a. how we can predict
b. how can we predict
c. what we can predict
d. that we can predict
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Choose the correct answer
1. Nobody knows _____________ the beginning of a tornado.
a. how we can predict
b. how can we predict
c. what we can predict
d. that we can predict
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Choose the correct answer
2. Our teacher says _____________ a tornado before.
a. that he seen
b. what he saw
c. that he has seen
d. what he has seen
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Choose the correct answer
2. Our teacher says _____________ a tornado before.
a. that he seen
b. what he saw
c. that he has seen
d. what he has seen
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Choose the correct answer
3. Have you ever seen _____________?
a. what can a tornado do
b. that a tornado can do what
c. what a tornado can do that
d. what a tornado can do
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Choose the correct answer
3. Have you ever seen _____________?
a. what can a tornado do
b. that a tornado can do what
c. what a tornado can do that
d. what a tornado can do
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Choose the correct answer
4. _____________ is a well-known fact.
a. tornadoes deadly
b. that tornadoes are deadly
c. are tornadoes deadly
d. that are deadly tornadoes
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Choose the correct answer
4. _____________ is a well-known fact.
a. tornadoes deadly
b. that tornadoes are deadly
c. are tornadoes deadly
d. that are deadly tornadoes
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Choose the correct answer
5. Scientists are trying to learn __________.
a.if can ever we predict tornadoes
b.if tornadoes can ever be predicted
c.why are tornadoes unpredictable
d. are tornadoes unpredictable
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Choose the correct answer
6. Scientists are trying to learn __________.
a.if can ever we predict tornadoes
b.if tornadoes can ever be predicted
c.why are tornadoes unpredictable
d. are tornadoes unpredictable
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Complete the dialogue
7. A: Whose car is that?
B: I don’t know______________________________.
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Complete the dialogue
7. A: Whose car is that?
B: I don’t know whose car that is.
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Complete the dialogue
8. A: Whose car is in front of Sam's house?
B: I don't know ______________________________.
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Complete the dialogue
8. A: Whose car is in front of Sam's house?
B: I don't know whose car is in front of Sam’s house.
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Complete the dialogue
9. A: Are you tired?
B: Why do you want to know______________ tired?
A: You look tired. I'm worried about you.
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Complete the dialogue
9. A: Are you tired?
B: Why do you want to know if I am tired?
A: You look tired. I'm worried about you.
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10. A: How long (the oldest whales, live)______________?
B: Nobody knows for sure how long (the oldest whales, live)___________________.
Complete the dialogue
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Complete the dialogue
10. A: How long (the oldest whales, live) do the oldest whales live?
B: Nobody knows for sure how long (the oldest whales, live) the oldest whales live.
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Reported SpeechMustafa Güneş
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REPORTED SPEECH
Reported Speech is similar to the Noun Clause.However we
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Reported Speech:Reported Speech is similar to the noun clauses:
(+) and (-)
He speaks English.
N.C: I don’t know that he speaks English. (Indirect Speech)
R.S: Julia said that he spoke English. (Reporting the sentence)
(?)
Did he speak English?
N.C: Can you tell me if he spoke English? (Indirect Speech)
R.S: Julia asked me if he had spoken English? (Reporting the sentence)
(Wh-?)
How long has he spoken English?
N.C: Nobody knows how long he has spoken English. (Indirect Speech)
R.S: Julia asked me how long he had spoken English. (Reporting the sentence)
Simple Present
Simple Past Simple Past
Past Perfect Present Perfect
Past Perfect
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In Reported Speech, we change the “Tense” We make it “more past”
Have a look at the Chapter 39
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In Reported Speech, we change the “Time Expressions” and “Pronouns”
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John: I like your shoes! John said that he liked my shoes!
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Let’s Practice
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Imperative Sentences:
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Let’s Practice!
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Relative ClausesMustafa Güneş
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If the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, the relative pronoun is a subject pronoun. Subject pronouns must
always be used.
•The apple which is on the table is green.
•The man who drove the car was very old.
•The worker that wears a jacket is very sad.
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If the relative pronoun is not followed by a verb (but by a noun or pronoun), the relative pronoun is an object
pronoun. Object pronouns can be omitted in relative clauses:
•The apple (which) George lay on the table is green.
•The man (who(m)) we saw in the car is very old.
•The worker (that) the boss warned is very sad.
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1) I talked to the girl … car had broken down in front of the shop.
2) Mr. Richards is a taxi driver … lives on the corner.
3) We often visit our aunt in Norwich … is in East Anglia.
4) This is the girl … comes from Spain.
5) That's Peter … has just arrived at the airport.
6) Thank you very much for your e-mail … was very interesting.
7) The man … father is a professor forgot his umbrella.
8) The children … shouted in the street, are not from our school.
9) The car … driver is a young man, is from Ireland.
10) What did you do with the money … your mother lent you?
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• Thanks!