Notes on Acids and Bases
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Transcript of Notes on Acids and Bases
NOTES ON ACIDS AND BASES
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8tTELZD5Ek
PROPERTIES OF ACIDS: Taste sour
Contains H+, (the more H+, the stronger the acid)
Very reactive
USES OF ACIDS: Metal cleaners Batteries Digest food- found in our stomachs Foods Paints Plastics
EXAMPLES OF ACIDS:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)- in stomach
Citric acid (in citrus fruits like lemons)
Acetic acid (vinegar)
PROPERTIES OF BASES: Taste bitter
Contains OH- (the more OH-, the stronger the base)
Slippery when wet
USES OF BASES:
Cleansers Drain cleaners Soap Shampoo Laundry detergent
EXAMPLES OF BASES:
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Ammonia
Lime water Ca(OH)2
PH SCALE
Ranges from 0-14 Numbers 0-6 represent acids 7 is neutral Numbers 8-14 represent bases
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14strongest acid strongest base
PH SCALE As you move from pH 0 to pH 14, the
concentration of H+ DECREASES (10 times each number)
As you move from pH 0 to pH 14, the concentration of OH- INCREASES (10 times each number)
Ex: A substance with pH3 is 100 times stronger acid than a substance with pH 5. A substance with pH 8 is 100 times weaker base than a substance with pH 10.