Northeast Woody/ Warm-Season Biomass Consortium Quarterly... · 9/30/2014 · Northeast Woody/...

Northeast Woody/

Warm-Season Biomass

Consortium

Year Two Annual Report September 1, 2013 – August 31, 2014

Submitted

September 30, 2014

www.newbio.psu.edu

The Northeast Woody/Warm-Season Biomass Consortium: Building Sustainable Value Chains for Biomass Energy

NEWBio Year Two Annual Report: September 2013 – August 2014 i

NEWBio is led by The Pennsylvania State University, supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative

Competitive Grant No. 2012-68005-19703 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.


NEWBio Year Two Annual Report: September 2013 – August 2014 ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS NEWBio Organizational Structure ............................................................... 1

Project Administration ................................................................... 1 NEWBio Advisory Board ................................................................... 3 Communications ........................................................................... 4 Training ..................................................................................... 4

Meeting NEWBio Objectives ..................................................................... 6

Project Outputs and Outcomes ......................................................... 6 Feedstock Readiness Tool ....................................................... 7 Broad Impacts and Challenges .................................................. 8 Table 1: Progress Toward Outcomes ........................................... 9

Thrust Accomplishments ................................................................ 10 Publications and Products .............................................................. 13

Year Three Plan of Work ........................................................................ 23 Appendices A. NEWBio Task List and Timeline ........................................................ 33 B. NEWBio Project Team

a. By Institutional Affiliation ...................................................... 36 b. By Thrust .......................................................................... 38

C. NEWBio Individuals Benefitting from Training ....................................... 40 D. NEWBio Feedstock Readiness Tools ................................................... 42

a. Shrub Willow ...................................................................... 43 b. Switchgrass ....................................................................... 44 c. Miscanthus ........................................................................ 45 d. Winter Rye ........................................................................ 46


NEWBio Year Two Annual Report: September 2013 – August 2014 iii

Notice This report was prepared by Penn State University and NEWBio research, extension and education partners from Cornell University, Delaware State University, Drexel University, Ohio State University, Rutgers University, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, University of Maine, University of Vermont, West Virginia University, USDA Eastern Regional Research Center, US DOE Idaho National Laboratory and US DOE Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This work was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2012-68005-19703 from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture (“USDA-NIFA”).


NEWBio Year Two Annual Report: September 2013 – August 2014 1

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE NEWBio is a regional network of universities, businesses, and governmental organizations dedicated to building robust, scalable, and sustainable value chains for biomass energy in the Northeast. The Executive Committee supports thrust activity coordination, budgetary oversight and overall project management, and has primary responsibility for maintaining liaison with the Advisory Board and NIFA Program Managers. Leadership Team members serve as thrust co-directors, planning and implementing activities within and across the project’s three technical thrusts (Human Systems, Feedstock Improvement and Harvest-Preprocessing-Logistics) and five integrative, transdisciplinary thrusts (Sustainability Systems, Safety and Health, Extension, Education, and Leadership-Evaluation). Project Administration: NEWBio Executive Committee

Tom L. Richard, Project Director Professor, Agricultural and Biological Engineering Director, Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Environment

Timothy A. Volk, Associate Project Director Senior Research Associate, Forest and Natural Resources Management Co-Director, Center for Sustainable and Renewable Energy

Lawrence B. Smart, Co-Lead for Feedstock Improvement Thrust Associate Professor, Plant Breeding and Genetics, Department of Horticulture Director, Smart Lab, NY State Agricultural Experiment Station

Jingxin Wang, Co-Lead for Harvest, Preprocessing, and Logistics Thrust Professor, Wood Science and Technology Director, Biomaterials and Wood Utilization Research Center Associate Director for Research, WVU Division of Forestry and Natural Resources

Barbara B. Kinne, Project Manager Research Assistant, Office of Vice President for Research, Strategic Initiatives Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Environment



Project Administration: NEWBio Leadership Team

Venu Kalavacharla, Education Thrust Co-Lead

Sabrina Spatari, Sustainability Systems Thrust Co-Lead

Theresa Selfa, Human Systems Thrust Co-Lead

Kara Cafferty, Harvest, Preprocessing and Logistics Thrust Co-Lead

Jessica Leahy, Leadership and Evaluation, External Evaluator Laura Lindenfeld, Leadership and Evaluation, External Evaluator

Matthew Langholtz, Human Systems Thrust Co-Lead

David Marrison, Extension Thrust Thrust Co-Lead Dan Ciolkosz, Education Thrust Co-Lead Michael Jacobson, Extension Thrust Co-Lead Armen Kemanian, Sustainability Systems Thrust Co-Lead Dennis Murphy, Safety and Health Thrust Co-Lead Douglas Schaufler, Safety and Health Thrust Co-Lead Sarah Wurzbacher, Extension Thrust Co-Lead

Stacy Bonos, Feedstock Improvement Thrust Co-Lead



NEWBio Advisory Board The Advisory Board reflects principal stakeholders, partners, and professionals who assist in the assessment and evaluation of the quality, expected measurable outcomes and potential impacts for NEWBio research, education, and extension activities. The Board meets at the annual meeting, and communicates via teleconference and email in the interim.

Ann Swanson, Executive Director, Chesapeake Bay Commission

John Posselius, Innovation and Technology Engineering Director, CNH Industrial

Dennis Rak, Owner, Double A Willow

Calvin Ernst, Founder and President, Ernst Conservation Seeds/Ernst Biomass

Dante Bonaquist, Senior Corporate Fellow and Chief Scientist, Praxair, Inc.

George Boyajian, Chief Executive Officer, Primus Green Energy

Scott Coye-Huhn, Senior Vice President, Corporate Development, Aloterra Energy

Helen Cummiskey, New Business Development Manager, American Refining Group

Frank Lipiecki, Research and Development Director, Renmatix

Thomas Foust, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Lee Lynd, Co-Founder, Director and Chief Science Officer, Mascoma



Communications NEWBio maintains a robust complement of internal and external communication means, to provide public access to project research, outreach events, and educational opportunities.

Annual Meeting: NEWBio held its third annual meeting from July 30-August 1, 2014 at the Cornell/New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. Eighty team members attended and contributed to an agenda devoted this year to cross-thrust and industry interactions. Advisory Board members and the NIFA Program Manager participated in an animated panel session on “Barriers to Scale-up of Bioenergy in the Northeast”, team members engaged in one of two training workshops, and students displayed the results of their work in a poster session. In a post-meeting survey, 85 percent of attendees rated their overall experience at very good or excellent.

All Hands Meetings: NEWBio continued to hold monthly teleconferences for the project team. The meeting structure includes a project administrative update, thrust short reports on the monthly activities and findings, and a seminar on a bioenergy/biomass-related topic.

Leadership Team Meetings: NEWBio’s Executive Committee and co-leaders for each of the seven technical and integrative thrusts also meet monthly to discuss project administrative matters, project targets, and short- and long-term plans.

NEWBio eNEWS: An electronic newsletter is delivered monthly to approximately 550 NEWBio listserve subscribers. The newsletter typically carries a feature story on project activities or recent publications, and maintains a listing of local, regional and national bioenergy events, workshops, and conferences.

Website: NEWBio’s public website is the repository for upcoming events, local, state, regional and federal funding announcements, feature stories, and links to publications, past webinar recordings, shortcourse presentations, and numerous other educational and outreach products (e.g., “Champions of Bioenergy” videos on YouTube).

Intranet: The “Members Portal” provides a means for management and teams to collect and share data, publications, presentations, images, and reports. These items are posted to a shared drive, along with meeting schedules and summaries.

Social Media: In July, NEWBio welcomed a Penn State undergraduate intern to the team. Austine Decker quickly raised the project’s visibility by creating a Twitter feed and Facebook page. Both apps will be linked to the website, creating a more interactive environment for those who visit NEWBio.

Training NEWBio hired and/or engaged with five post-doctoral researchers, 20 graduate students, 16 undergraduates, and 10 technical staff members, all of whose contributions are advancing thrust activities and NEWBio objectives. (See Appendix C for a complete listing of participants.)



The Education thrust delivered programs that trained 11 secondary educators during two week-long workshops at West Virginia University and at Penn State; mentored seven Bioenergy Scholars at NEWBio partner institutions, and awarded 21 scholarships for the Bioenergy Graduate Distance Education program.



Meeting NEWBio Objectives Project Outputs and Outcomes NEWBio is providing the scientific and practical knowledge needed to design a sustainable future, is educating and engaging the entrepreneurs, employees, farmers, landowners, students, policy makers, and citizens who will put that knowledge to work, and is supporting the commercial entities that have already developed in the region and will continue to facilitate their interactions to create successful feedstock production to biofuel systems. The following narrative supports Table 1, which lists NEWBio objectives and provides a visual assessment of progress made toward achieving goals in four areas: Stakeholder Engagement, Economic Analyses, Education, Feedstock Improvement, and Decision Support Systems. Table 1 is a complement to the USDOT/USDA/CAAFI Feedstock Readiness Tool (see narrative below and Appendix D).

Progress on Outcomes

Objectives I, IX - Stakeholder engagement models: NEWBio is making good progress with stakeholder collaboration through our short courses, webinars, field days and workshop offerings, with over 1,000 participants. During Year Two, an equipment access program was put in place to forward-position planter and harvester machinery for use by local landowners. Objectives I, II, IX - Socioeconomic analyses and forecasts: NEWBio awarded a Year Two seed grant to a collaborative Penn State/Iowa State research team to study the “Potential Economic Impact of Renewable Fuels and Sustainable Biomass Feedstock for the Northeast”. This report will build on ongoing resource assessments of feedstock availability by county and other economic and policy related research. Objectives III, IV - Accelerated breeding to develop stress-resistance and improve yields: The Feedstock Improvement breeding programs are identifying genetic traits that will have ramifications for all bioenergy crops. Research on willow compositional traits was published recently (see Serapiglia, et al 2014). Work on switchgrass resistance to several different fungal species, begun during the summer of 2013 by Shannon Hennessey (Bioenergy Scholar) continued with Christopher Mann, a 2014 Bioenergy Scholar. Objective VI - Injury surveillance and hazard assessment tools: Identification of biomass operations, machinery and processes will result in a draft safety and health management plan in Year Three. Objectives II, III, V, VII - Models and decision support systems for sustainable biomass production, harvesting, preprocessing and logistics: Base models are developed for willow, switchgrass and miscanthus, with work continuing at INL on the biomass logistics model, and at WVU on preprocessing. Objectives III, VII - Biomass cropland resource assessments: This work is being done in partnership with ORNL, with a few assessments completed at a preliminary level with stakeholders.



Objectives III, VII - Geospatial database and web portals for local/regional sustainability assessments/decision support systems: NEWBio will be testing components of the Data Management Plan (DMP) during summer and fall 2014, with a full rollout anticipated by December 2014. NEWBio has demand from several stakeholders for resource and price assessments. Objectives VII, IX - Over 90,000 acres of perennial crop production: There are currently 10,000 acres of dedicated biomass crops in production in the region. The Biomass Crop Assistance Program (BCAP) was approved in the 2014 Farm Bill, with mandatory funding levels that should support approximately 50,000 additional acres nationally during each of the next five years. NEWBio will encourage stakeholders to pursue applications for this funding, with corporate partners Aloterra and ReEnergy and Celtic Farm Energy as models of success from previous BCAP programs. Objective XII - Corporate commitments for two commercial biorefineries in the NE: NEWBio is in discussions with several conversion partners. While most discussions remain confidential, they include both start-ups and major energy companies. In all cases siting decisions depend on financing and demonstrated ability to deliver feedstock at prices and quantities needed. Conversion partners appear to be ready to site facilities should economic and policy incentives align. Of particular relevance are the expanded BCAP program, RFS2 requirements and resulting RINs prices, which Delta Airlines indicates is a major driver for their interest in adapting their refinery for biomass feedstocks, as well as state and local policy drivers. Objective X - 100 supply agreement and pricing programs: NEWBio has engaged Penn State MBA and law students in assessing contract issues for biomass feedstocks. The Penn State Agricultural Law Clinic is now available to assist parties needing to evaluate multi-year agreements for perennial crops. Objective XI – 50 new small businesses: NEWBio is developing a tracking system to measure progress toward this objective, and is cooperating with small business and economic development organizations as well as biomass trade organizations to market our programs to new and prospective entrepreneurs. Objectives I, IX, XI - Educating students, citizens, landowners and policymakers: A key objective for NEWBio is to increase public understanding of the social, economic and environmental impacts of sustainable bioenergy is a key NEWBio objective. The Education Thrust is coordinating three high-impact delivery vehicles: graduate online biomass courses, undergraduate mentoring via the Bioenergy Scholars, and secondary educator training.

Feedstock Readiness Tool In February 2014, NIFA Program Manager William Goldner asked NEWBio and its sister CAP projects to populate a tool developed cooperatively by the Commercial Aviation Alternative Fuel Initiative Consortium, the U.S. Department of Transportation and the USDA. This Feedstock Readiness Tool



evaluates the ‘readiness level’ of emerging feedstock supply chains, not only for alternative aviation fuels, but for any supply chain targeting biofuels, biopower, and/or biobased products. NEWBio evaluated its progress using the tool (an Excel spreadsheet) for each of the feedstocks the consortium is investigating: shrub willow, miscanthus, switchgrass, and winter rye. These are included in Appendix D. Broad Impacts and Challenges NEWBio encounters both positive and negative trends in the external environment. In the context of increasing abundance of domestic shale oil and shale gas and uncertainty about regulatory incentives like the RFS2, companies are finding it difficult to justify major investments in biorefineries. Federal agencies continue to provide a range of positive incentives for sustainable bioenergy development, but legislative and economic drivers have in general been weakening. NEWBio has discussed these challenges openly with our stakeholder advisory board, our internal leadership team, and our sister sustainable bioenergy CAPs in other regions of the US. Within the Northeast, biomass production is poised to increase dramatically, but establishment of new acres is limited by market demand. With limited incentives for liquid biofuels, we have incorporated a greater emphasis on biochemical and biomaterial markets, and are coordinating that effort with the cross-CAP extension team. There is a consensus among our stakeholders that growing biomass supply with alternative markets is a necessary step toward large scale biofuel production in the region, and that a diverse portfolio of markets will be stronger for both producers and consumers of biobased fuels, chemicals and materials.



Table 1.

NEWBIO OBJECTIVES: Progress Toward Outcomes

Green = Significant progress

Yellow = Work underway Orange = Longer-term objectives

Stakeh

older

Engagemen

t

Economic

Analyses

Education

Feed

stocks

Decision

Support

System

s

I. Understand the values, legacies, and motivations that drive perceptions and decisions about land management and business development for biomass energy systems.

II. Generate price‐supply curves, facility siting and forwardcontracting tools to provide entrepreneur and investor confidence in biomass feedstock supply.

III. Develop and deploy as industry standards sustainable production practices for perennial grasses and short rotation woody crops to improve yield 25% and reduce costs by 20%.

IV. Commercialize the current pipeline of improved willow (Salix spp) and switchgrass varieties and develop genomic tools to accelerate breeding for marginal land.

V. Develop harvest, transport, storage and preprocessing systems that increase feedstock value as biomass moves through the supply chain toward advanced biofuel refineries.

VI. Create a culture of safety in the biomass production, transport and preprocessing sectors that addresses machinery hazards and environmental risks to protect workers.

VII. Transform standards of practice for biomass value chains to greatly improve carbon paybacks, net energy yields, soil and water quality, and other ecosystem services.

VIII. Deploy safe, efficient and integrated supply chains in four demonstration regions, each providing 500 to 1000 tons/day of high‐quality low‐cost sustainable biomass.

IX. Create learning communities of farmers, entrepreneurs, employees and investors informed about the best practices and emerging technologies in their bioenergy interest areas.

X. Provide business support services to generate at least 100 supply contracts and support over 50 new supply chain businesses to harvest, transport and preprocess biomass from SRWC & grasses.

XI. Educate students, citizens, landowners and policymakers to increase public understanding of biomass alternatives, including the social, economic, and environmental impacts of sustainable bioenergy systems in the Northeast.

XII. Create a culture of opportunity to support corporate commitments for two commercial‐scale advanced biofuels facilities and encourage many more such commitments in the Northeast.



During the 2014 Annual Meeting, Eric Fabio, a Cornell PhD candidate, described one of Cornell’s ongoing willow trials near Geneva, NY.

Thrust Accomplishments The Northeast Woody/Warm-Season Biomass (NEWBio) Consortium completed its second year of operations on its five year mission to lay the foundation for a sustainable bioenergy future for the Northeastern United States. The project is making substantial progress in identifying behavioral and institutional barriers to biomass stakeholder engagement and in modeling biological, social and economic variables that influence the availability of perennial biomass crops. Harvesting and preprocessing models are assisting stakeholders in research trials even as they undergo refinement. Project team members are analyzing key sustainability metrics, developing new crop varieties, and implementing education programs to link activities and results to diverse audiences.

Human Systems in the Northeast Regional Bioeconomy. The social science component at SUNY ESF collected and analyzed media content data over five years to understand community perceptions about the biomass industry in four regions near production sites in New York, with parallel media content analysis and preliminary interviews with switchgrass growers in Pennsylvania by Penn State. A database was completed with policies related to biomass in New York. IMPLAN analysis was initiated to evaluate economic impacts from biorefinery development in the region. The economic component has leveraged modeling work with the Cycles model and feedstock supply and price projections from Oak Ridge National Lab to evaluate potential production from marginal lands in the Northeast. Data compiled includes energy crop production budgets and soil, land cover, and weather data. The Cycles growth model is used to project energy crop yields, map biophysical marginal lands for BCAP areas, and is currently performing statistical analysis of POLYSYS outputs to examine drivers of land use change projections focusing on dedicated biomass feedstocks.

Feedstock Improvement for Perennial Energy Crops. Feedstock Improvement is identifying cultivars of switchgrass and shrub willow with improved performance and expanded range on marginal lands in the Northeast. Cornell has conducted 116 crosses, producing 45 families (39 of them new). Of the families produced, 25 have diploid progeny, 14 have triploid progeny, two have tetraploid progeny, and three have pentaploid progeny, all together representing 5,780 novel seedling individuals. Three crossing blocks have been established to generate half-sib families of tetraploid progeny for recurrent selection and novel triploid progeny. A total of 42 new accessions have been added to our breeding



collection through acquisition from collaborators, nurseries, or arboreta. Association panels of S. purpurea have been established and evaluated on three contrasting sites, and these have all been genotyped for mapping studies. A QTL and selection trial has been established with over 270 new progeny. Yield trials to evaluate new willow cultivars have been established on eight sites across four states, including two on reclaimed mine land. A switchgrass trial including new lines from the Cornell and Rutgers breeding programs has been established on reclaimed mine land in PA. Field trials of switchgrass and willow have been surveyed for pest and disease incidence and new methods are being developed to characterize mechanisms of resistance.

Harvest, Preprocessing, Logistics of Integrated Biomass Supply Chains. Woody biomass logistics modeling has been accomplished to estimate the delivered cost of biomass feedstocks and optimize the locations of facilities. Logistic variables considered in the model include feedstock availability in terms of time (seasonality), the siting, extent, and productivity of the SRWC plantations, geographical distribution of wood and agricultural residues, collection, transportation, and storage. Biomass storage studies for willow, switchgrass and miscanthus have documented compositional changes and dry matter loss, and these results are being integrated into the INL Biomass Logistics Model. Harvesting of willow biomass crops using a NH FR9000 series forage harvester and a recently designed FB130 woody crop headers on almost 55 ha in upstate NY demonstrates promising results. A key lesson learned during the project is that ground speed alone is not a good indicator of system improvement because harvester throughput is related to the combined effects of ground conditions and standing biomass at the site.

Systems Performance and Sustainability Metrics. Simulations of biomass potential and water use for both warm season grasses and willow were obtained for 30 years at three locations representative of the geographic range of the project with a site in Illinois for comparison. Within the NEWBio region, northern locations seem suitable for willow while southern locations are suitable for both grasses and willow. A concentrated effort simulating growth in both so-called marginal soils and agricultural soils is underway for the BCAP area in NW PA and eastern Ohio, with an alfalfa-corn rotation as a comparison crop. Simulations of annual systems that can incorporate winter rye to the biomass sources in the NE are also underway. At the field level, monitoring is occurring consistently to assess nitrous oxide emissions, N recycling in perennial crops, and carbon and water fluxes. A white paper addressing the risks associated with biogenic volatile organic carbon emissions and ozone formation from willow has been prepared, and will be used to support a sustainability assessment that includes some indications of air quality risks or benefits. Following the matrix of indicators for bioenergy systems prepared by ORNL, we are designing our own matrix that maps the activities of NEWBio thrusts and will allow consistent reporting for each demonstration site. The life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis aspects of sustainability concentrated on collaboration with the HPL thrust; activities to date focused on defining biomass-biofuel pathways and collection of cost data. Life cycle costs for wood pelleting systems were developed through collaboration with industry in New York State. The Sustainability thrust is leading the development of NEWBio’s data management plan (DMP), now in pilot. The DMP working group identified data needed, and data to be collected and archived for a proposed database. This will be a searchable repository for NEWBio that archives data for internal use and for eventual distribution to the public through outlets such as Oak Ridge



National Laboratory’s Knowledge Discovery Network (KDF) and Idaho National Laboratory’s biomass database. Full implementation is planned during fall 2014.

Safety and Health in Biomass Feedstock Production and Processing Operations. A technical paper built on a review of biomass production hazard and risk exposure has been accepted for publication. (This paper includes current research from additional projects.) The thrust lead organized a biomass safety session at the North American Agricultural Safety Summit in Minneapolis in September 2013. The Safety team participated in biomass production activities with NEWBio partners, including harvesting and storage of biomass crops. This provided insight into hazards present in biomass production not found in traditional agricultural crops, and how safety committees within organizations function. Fire and respiratory hazards are being investigated as areas of particular concern to biomass producers. A booklet titled “Safety and Health Management Training for Farmers and Ranchers”, completed for a separate project, will serve as a template for a similar guide targeting the biomass production industry.

Extension. Working with NEWBio advisory board members, industry partners, and other organizations, Extension identified field demonstration sites in Pennsylvania, New York and West Virginia that serve as bases of operation for NEWBio outreach work and research. In participation with the Crawford County (PA) Commissioners, Extension has organized a field-scale perennial grass planting at a public farm. In New York, over 830 acres of new willow biomass crops were established in the spring of 2013, and previously established acres were harvested; almost 2,500 tons of biomass from these fields have been delivered to a ReEnergy biopower facility in Lyonsdale, NY. In West Virginia, a MeadWestvaco 30-year-old reclaimed surface mine site was planted with willow, switchgrass, and Miscanthus. The equipment access program, which makes specialized energy crop farming equipment available to farmers, has assisted in the purchase of two willow harvesters and a willow planter in cooperation with advisory board member and corporate partners Double A Willow and Celtic Farm Energy. Several bioenergy workshops (including Perennial Grass Energy in the Northeast, Farming Wood for Heat and Biofuels, and The Business of Biomass: Supply Chains) and bioenergy webinars (including Miscanthus and Energy, Switchgrass, Miscanthus, and Arundo Growth on Surface Mines in WV, Add Some Heat: Building Support for Biomass Thermal in the Northeast and Biomass Feedstock Production in the Northeast: Land Use, Yields, and Sustainability). In each of these workshops both industry and NEWBio team members were presenters and participants were drawn from industry, academia, and the public. The Extension and Education Teams also developed fact sheets, display materials, and other printed and online media to assist in communicating NEWBio content. Working with eXtension.org, NEWBio now has a landing page to index all NEWBio publications and outreach resources. Priority topics are identified along with contributors for these publications.

Education. The NEWBio education thrust has effectively strengthened the education pipeline to support the biomass industry in the region in the following ways: by training undergraduate students in bioenergy from multiple institutions (eight students trained in Summer 2013; seven trained in Summer 2014), and providing graduate bioenergy education to working professionals (21 scholarships awarded thus far). Furthermore, the long-term education pipeline was enhanced



through the training of K-12 educators who are in turn teaching bioenergy concepts to their students.

Leadership, Stakeholder Involvement, Knowledge-to-Action (K2A) and Program Evaluation. NEWBio’s external evaluation first-year report focused on project infrastructure, communication and collaboration. The report provided recommendations to maintain the project’s high level of momentum and team member enthusiasm, and to further engage with our external stakeholders and advisory board. Team meetings continue to play an important role in the collaborative process. We use our monthly e-newsletter (25-30 % open rate, over 500 active contacts) to relate research updates and other articles and news related to biomass and bioenergy to the project team, our advisory board, industry and agency partners, and the general public. Critical leadership discussions are ongoing with existing and potential conversion partners who are investigating potential biorefinery sites and are evaluating needs related to biomass pricing and quantities. Of particular note is a new collaborative relationship with Delta Airlines, which has purchased a petroleum refinery outside Philadelphia and is working with NEWBio to explore opportunities to insert biomass feedstocks and intermediates into that refinery process train.

Publications and Products The NEWBio team had nine peer-reviewed journal articles completed or accepted during Year Two. Project members also contributed one book, one book chapter, two technical reports, and one plant patent was issued (the eighth plant patent for the Smart-Volk team; patent expenses were paid for by Dennis Rak, a NEWBio Advisory Board member and corporate partner as part of a commercialization agreement). A total of 19 research presentations were given at regional, national and international conferences (in Ukraine, Poland, Israel, South Africa and China). An additional 35 presentations were made at workshops, field days, and other educational outreach events. NEWBio also delivered a full schedule of bioenergy webinars available to the public, and monthly project teleseminars. Peer‐Reviewed Journal Articles

Dale, B.E., J.E. Anderson, R.C. Brown, S. Csonka, V.H. Dale, G. Herwick, R.D. Jackson, N. Jordan, S. Kaffka, K.L. Kline, L.R. Lynd, C. Malmstrom, R.G. Ong, T.L. Richard, C. Taylor and M.Q. Wang. 2014. Take a Closer Look: Biofuels Can Support Environmental, Economic and Social Goals. Environmental Science and Technology. DOI: 10.1021/es5025433.

Eisenbies, M. H., Volk, T. A., Posselius, J., Foster, C., Shi, S., & Karapetyan, S. 2014. Evaluation of a

Single-Pass, Cut and Chip Harvest System on Commercial-Scale, Short-Rotation Shrub Willow Biomass Crops. BioEnergy Research, 1-13, June 3, 2014. DOI: 10.1007/s12155-014-9482-0.

Gan, H.Y., Gan, H.M., Savka, M.A., Triassi, A.J., Wheatley, M.S., Smart, L.B., Fabio, E.S., and Hudson,

A.O. 2014. Whole-Genome sequences of thirteen endophytic bacteria isolated from shrub willow (Salix) grown in Geneva, New York. Genome Announcements. 2(3):e00288-14. DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00288-14.



He, X., Zheng, J., Serapiglia, M.J., Smart, L.B., Shi, S., Wang, B. 2014. Development, characterization and cross-amplification of eight EST-derived microsatellites in Salix. Silvae Genetica (in press).

Kenaley, S.C., Smart, L.B., and Hudler, G.W. 2014. Genetic evidence for three discrete taxa of

Melampsora (Pucciniales) affecting willows (Salix spp.) in New York State. Fungal Biology 2014 Aug;118(8):704-20. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.05.001.

Serapiglia, M.J., Gouker, F.E., Smart L.B. 2014. Early selection of novel triploid hybrids of shrub willow

with improved biomass yield relative to diploids. BMC Plant Biology 2014, 14: 74. DOI:10.1186/1471-2229-14-74.

Schaufler, D., A. Yoder, D. Murphy, C Schwab, A. DeHart. 2014. Safety and Health Hazards in On-Farm

Biomass Production and Processing. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health (in press). Stoof, C.R., Richards, B.K., Woodbury, P., Fabio, E.S., Brumbach, A., Cherney, J., Das, S., Geohring, L.,

Hornesky, J., Mayton, H., Mason, C., Ruestow, G., Smart, L.B., Volk, T.A., Steenhuis, T. 2014. Untapped potential: Opportunities and challenges for sustainable bioenergy production from marginal lands in New York and the Northeast USA. Bioenergy Research (in press).

Yoder, A.M., C. V. Schwab, P. D. Gunderson, and D. J. Murphy. 2013. Safety and Health in Biomass

Production, Transportation and Storage. Journal of Agromedicine. DOI: 10.1080/1059924X.2014.886539.

Books/Book Chapters

Jacobson, M. and D. Ciolkosz (Eds) 2013. Wood-Based Energy in the Northern Forests. Springer. Stanton, B.J., Smart, L.B., and Serapiglia, M.J. 2014. Domestication and Conservation of Populus and

Salix Genetic Resources (Chap. 4.). In: Richardson, J. and Isebrands, J.G. (eds.) Poplars and Willows: Trees for Society and the Environment. CABI and Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy. pp 124-199.

Technical Reports/White Papers

Grushecky, S., J. Wang, S. Owen, and L. Osborn. 2014. Biomass Resources, Uses, and Opportunities in West Virginia 2013. Final Technical Report to the West Virginia Division of Energy. Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV. 128pp.

Thomchick, E. and K. Ruamsook. February 2014. Market Opportunity Identification for Lignocellulosic Biomass. White paper.



Patents or Licensures

Abrahamson, L.P., R. F. Kopp, L. B. Smart and T.A. Volk. 2014. Willow plant name ‘Preble’. U.S. PP24,537, filed February 29, 2012, and issued June 10, 2014.

Applications for Plant Variety Protection

No applications have been made to date.

Conference Presentations

Bonos, S.A. 2014. Research Update: Warm-season Grasses for Bioenergy Program. Sustainable Energy Working Group. Feb. 18, 2014.

Crawford, J., A.G. Taylor, J.L. Hansen, R. Crawford, and D.R. Viands. Using Seed Treatment and

Priming to Extend the Switchgrass Planting Season. Poster presentation at Switchgrass II, September 10-12, 2013. Madison Wisconsin.

Crawford, R., A.G. Taylor, J.L. Hansen, J. Crawford, G.C. Bergstrom, and D.R. Viands. 2014.

Lengthening the Switchgrass Planting Season with Varying Seed Rates, Seed Treatments, and Priming. Joint Conference NAAIC, Trifolium, & Grass Breeders, July 8-10, 2014, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. Poster presentation.

Eisenbies, M., L. Abrahamson, J. Posselius, J. Zerpa, R.Shuren, and T. Volk, 2013. Evaluation of Large

Scale Willow Biomass Crop Harvesting Using a Recently Developed Single-Pass Cut-and-Chip Harvest System. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meeting. Tampa, Fl Nov. 3-6, 2013.

Eisenbies, M., L.P. Abrahamson, C. Foster, S. Karapetyan, A. Lewis, M. McArdle, J. Posselius, R.

Shuren, B. Stanton, B. Summers, J. Zerpa, T.A. Volk. 2013. Improvements in Harvesting Short Rotation Woody Crops Using a New Holland Forage Harvester and SRC Woody Crop Header. Biomass 2013, Washington, DC, June 30 – July 2, 2013.

Feldpausch-Parker, A.M. 2014. Powering the Anthropocene: News Media's Take on the Future of

Energy. Annual Association for Environmental Studies and Science Conference, June 11-14, 2014, New York, NY. Presentation.

Grushecky, S. and J. Wang. 2013. The Impact of Natural Gas Development on Forest Operations in West

Virginia. 2013 Council of Forest Engineering. Missoula, Montana. July 7-10, 2013.



Hartley, D. and J. Wang. 2013. Impact of spatial distribution and terrain on the delivered cost of woody biomass feedstocks. 2013 ASABE International Meeting. Kansas City, Missouri. July 21-24, 2013.

Hartley, D. and J. Wang. 2013. Optimizing woody biomass supply chains in the northeastern United

States. 2013 Council of Forest Engineering. Missoula, Montana. July 7-10, 2013. Jacobson, Michael. 2013. Producing energy crops on marginal lands: The NEWBio project. Ninth

International Conference on Biomass for Energy. Kyiv, Ukraine. Sept. 24-25, 2013. Jacobson, M. Northeast energy crops. BETO Incorporating Bioenergy into Sustainable Landscape Design

Workshop. Bern, NC. March 4-6, 2014. Jiang, W. 2014. Conceptual Discussion of Economically Marginal Lands for Planting Energy Crops.

Symposium of the International Society of Forest Resource Economics, March 17-18, 2014, St. Louis, MO. Presentation.

Kemanian A.R and C.O. Stockle, 2014. Evapotranspiration in a high CO2 world. American Society o

Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Evapotranspiration Conference, Raleigh, NC. April 7-10, 2014.

Kemanian, A.R., E. Fabio, L. Smart, P.B. Woodbury, F. Montes, T. Volk, W. Jiang and B.K. Richards.

Biomass Production Potential of Miscanthus, Switchgrass, and Willow in the Northeastern United States. Poster Presentation. ASA-CSSA- SSSA International Annual Meeting. Tampa, Florida, November 3 – 6, 2013.

Richard, T. L. Growing a Sustainable Bioenergy Industry for the Northeast. American Association for

Industrial Crops - USDA AFRI CAP Project Directors Joint Meeting, October 12-16, 2013. Washington, DC.

Richard, T. L., M. Jahn and D. Lazaks. Knowledge systems for sustainability: lessons learned froma

global community of practice. Annual Meeting, Ecological Society of America. August 13, 2014. Sacramento, CA.

Smart, L. Breeding to Improve Yield and Sustainability of Shrub Willow Bioenergy Crops. Symposium

Presentation. Annual Meeting of the Ukraine Bioenergy Association, Kiev, Ukraine, Sept. 25, 2013.

Volk, T. Landscape design for bioenergy production in the Northeast. BETO Incorporating Bioenergy

into Sustainable Landscape Design Workshop. Bern, NC. March 4-6, 2014 Wang, J. 2014. Biomass to biofuels and bioproducts. International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, June

25, 2014, Beijing, China. Presentation.



Yoder AM. 2013. Biomass Safety: Status and Industry Needs. 2013 North American Agricultural Safety Summit. Minneapolis, MN. September 26, 2013.

Fact Sheets

Jacobson, M. et al. 2014.Switchgrass Budget for Biomass Production. A Penn State Extension and Renewable Energy Fact Sheet.

Jacobson, M., et al. 2013. Miscanthus Budget for Biomass Production. A Penn State Extension

Renewable and Alternative Energy Fact Sheet. Smart, Larry Smart and M. Jacobson. Improving the Yield of Shrub Willow Bioenergy Crops. Ag

Progress Days. Rock Springs, PA. August 2013. Smart, Larry. Demonstrating Yield of Shrub Willow Bioenergy Crops. Big Flats Field Day, Elmira, NY.

July 2013. Websites

NEWBio was added to the national eXtension website's Farm Energy Community of Practice pages. http://www.extension.org/ag_energy eXtension Website Research Summary

Volk, T. and S. Harlow. 2014. Research Summary: Sequestration of Carbon by Shrub Willow Offsets Greenhouse Gas Emissions. eXtension.org Farm Energy Community of Practice. March 12, 2014. http://www.extension.org/pages/70406/research-summary:-sequestration-of-carbon-by-shrub-willow-offsets-greenhouse- gas-emissions#.U398yHZaZY9

Workshops, Field Days, Demonstrations

Annual Butler Farm-City Dinner. Butler, PA. Wurzbacher, S. Local development of NEWBio feedstocks for biofuels. March 17, 2014.

Bonos, S.A. Biomass Feedstocks: Production, Properties, Structure. NEWBio Business of Biomass

Shortcourse on Next Generation Biomass Conversion. Nov. 11, 2013. Malvern, PA. Bonos, S.A. Developing Perennial Grasses for Biofuel.Department Seminar, Department of Plant Biology

and Pathology, Rutgers University. Nov. 22, 2013. New Brunswick, NJ. Callaghan,Meaghan. 2014. Differing Perspectives of Biomass Energy in New York State: Comparing

Newspaper and Website Biomass Communications. SUNY ESF Department of Environmental Studies Senior’s Showcase, SUNY ESF Spotlight on Research. Syracuse, NY

Centre County Ag Forum, State College, PA. Jacobson, M., Energy Crops presentation, March 12, 2014.



Cornell University, Field trip and 1-hour presentation for BEE 6940, Grasses for Bioenergy. Students viewed switchgrass germination and establishment in greenhouse. Seven students attended. April 30, 2014.

Crawford County Farm Energy Day, Meadville, PA. Day-long event with multiple presentations.

Schaufler, D. Oilseed crops, biodiesel, and farm-grown biofuels; Wurzbacher, S. Markets for perennial grass crops; Ciolkosz, D. Promoting farm energy efficiency; Jacobson, M. Vision for energy crops in the Northeast; Johnstonbaugh, E. Small-scale solar in Pennsylvania. February 5, 2014. 60+ attendees.

Crawford, J., J.L. Hansen, R. Crawford, and D.R. Viands. The NEWBio Project: Expanding commercial

deployment of bioenergy crops in the Northeast: Switchgrass Breeding. 2013 CCE Agriculture and Food Systems In-Service, Cornell University. Nov. 20, 2013.

Ernst Conservation Seeds Safety Committee Workshop. Meadville, PA. Steele, S. and D. Murphy. Safety

and Health Management Planning for Farmers and Ranchers. Educational presentation. March 12, 2014.

Genesee Valley Market Authority Board of Directors. Greenhouse and growth chamber tour by L.B.

Smart to Board members as a part of funding site visit. Geneva, NY. March 21, 2014. 12 attendees.

Grushecky, S. NEWBio in West Virginia. Presentation at the Renewable Energy in West Virginia

Conference, Flatwoods, WV. June 5, 2014. Hansen, J.L. Grasses for Bioenergy. Presentation to Cornell Biological and Environmental Engineering

Class – Untapped Potential: Sustainable Bioenergy Production on Marginal Lands of New York & the Northeast (BEE 6940). February 19, 2014.

Heavey, J. Willow BCAP. Presentation at the North Country Clean Energy Conference, Lake Placid, NY.

June 4-6, 2014. Marrison, D. Miscanthus Production. Presentation to the Rock Creek Travelers Group, Rock Creek, OH.

May 20, 2014. NEWBio Bioenergy Short Course: New Markets for Bioenergy Crops. May 21, 2014. Presentation:

DeVallance, D. Thermally-treated Biomass in Building Materials; Richard, T. L. Biomass Resource Overview in the Northeast U.S.

Penn State Center for Science in the Schools Workshop. University Park, PA. Johnson, M. and A. Perez.

2014. Bioenergy: Going “Green” with Algae and Cyanobacteria. March 22, 2014. Penn State Extension Ag and Dairy Day Program. Meadville, PA. Wurzbacher, S. NEWBio feedstocks

for biofuels and dairy markets. March 20, 2014.



Pennsylvania Farm Show. Harrisburg, PA. Schaufler, D., R. Schaufler, D. Murphy. Hazards of On-Farm

Biomass Production and Processing. Educational poster. January 3-11, 2014. Richard, T. 2014. NEWBio: Growing a Sustainable Biomass Industry for the Northeast. Mid-Atlantic

Biomass Heat and Power Conference, April 23-24, 2014, Gettysburg, PA. Presentation. Richard, T. 2014. NEWBio Markets: New Paradigms for Advancing the Bioeconomy in the Northeast.

NEWBio Short Course: New Markets for Bioenergy Crops, May 21, 2014, State College, PA. Presentation.

Rutgers University NEWBio 2014 Bioenergy Scholars Field Day. Switchgrass Breeding Projects. Seven

scholars attended. 1.5 hours. June 2, 2014. Schaufler, D. Dust Explosion Potential of Biomass Processing Operations. Presentation to 2014 NEWBio

Bioenergy Scholars. Seven scholars attended. May 29, 2014. Seedsmen’s Field Day Presentations: Forage Varieties, Pest Management and Breeding, Ithaca, NY. June

23, 2014.

Crawford, R. Research on switchgrass seeding rates, seeding time, and seed treatments with insecticides and fungicides;

Songsomboon, K.: New research on breeding for resistance to disease on switchgrass caused by Bipolaris species;

Volcko, J.: Breeding switchgrass for production on acid soils. Smart, L.B. Genetic improvement of shrub willow bioenergy crops for marginal land. Tour group of

Oregon ag and horticulture professionals. Geneva, NY. March 20, 2014. 24 attendees. Smart, L.B. Genetic improvement of shrub willow bioenergy crops in the Northeast. Annual Meeting of

the Northern New York Ag Development Program (western region), Watertown, NY. Jan. 31, 2014. 50 attendees.

Smart, L.B. 2014. Genetic improvement of shrub willow bioenergy crops in the Northeast. Annual

Meeting of the Northern New York Ag Development Program (eastern region), Miner Institute, Chazy, NY. Feb. 28, 2014. 28 attendees

SUNY ESF Biomass Landowner/Stakeholder Meeting, Syracuse, NY. November 26, 2013. 16

participants discussed planting season experiences, harvest season experiences, tentative conclusions, economic analysis tools, and opportunities for reducing costs and improving returns.

Volk, T.A. Willow biomass production and harvesting systems. National Bioenergy Day Tour and

Presentation, Boonville, NY. October 17, 2013. 75 attendees were provided general crop information along with demonstrations of harvesting technologies, processes and end products. Participants also visited the Lyonsdale Biomass plant that is owned by ReEnergy. All the willow



biomass that is being harvested in NY as part of the USDA BCAP program is being purchased by ReEnergy.

Volk, T. A. and J. Heavey. Willow biomass harvesting and crop expansion projects. NYSERDA Program

Meeting. Albany, NY. March 17, 2014. Wurzbacher, S. Miscanthus as an emerging dedicated energy crop. Cornell University Inservice. Nov. 20,

2013. Wurzbacher, S. Biological conversion of plant material into biofuels. Renewable Energy Academy, Greensburg, PA. Dec. 5, 2013.

Wurzbacher, S. NEWbio Activities in Northwest PA. Penn State Crawford County Extension Board

Conference. Meadville, PA. January 20, 2014. Wurzbacher, S. Biomass Harvest in Natural Forest Management. Presentation at Allegheny College,

Meadville, PA. April 3, 2014. Wurzbacher, S. Practical simulation workshop on Biomass Harvest in Natural Forest Management.

Allegheny College, Meadville, PA. April 15, 2014. NEWBio Bioenergy Webinars Is Ethanol Ruining My Engine? September 10, 2013. Speaker: Andre Boehman. Renewable Energy from Woody Biomass and Shrub Willow. October 8, 2013. Speakers: Mike Buckley and Sara Boggess (ReEnergy Holdings), Tim Volk (SUNY-ESF), Robert McDonough (Celtic Energy Farm). Wood and Biomass Pellets for Regional and Global Energy. December 10, 2013. Speaker: David DeVallance (West Virginia University). Biofuel Industry Economic Impacts and Analysis: Reporting the Facts in an Environment of Hype. January 14, 2014. Speaker: David Swenson (Iowa State University). Evans, A. The Status and Potential Future of Biomass Harvesting Guidelines. February 11, 2014. Speaker: Alexander Evans (The Forest Guild). Safety Issues in On-Farm Biomass Production. February 13, 2014. Speaker: Douglas Schaufler (Penn State). Breeding Objectives for Switchgrass Production in the Northeastern U.S. March 11, 2014. Speaker: Stacy Bonos (Rutgers University). On-Farm Oilseed Pressing for Fuel and Food. April 8, 2014. Speakers: Chris Callahan (University of Vermont) and Douglas Schaufler (Penn State).



Pennsylvania’s Wood Energy Initiative. May 13, 2014. Speaker: Michael Palko (PA Dept of Conservation and Natural Resources). Pyrolysis of Biomass for Fuels and Chemicals. June 10, 2014. Speaker: A. A. Kwesi Boateng (USDA ARS Eastern Regional Research Center). Legislative and Regulatory Policy Impacts on Bioenergy Opportunities. July 8, 2014. Speaker: Ed Johnstonbaugh (Penn State). NEWBio All Hands Teleseminars Eisenbies, M. H., T. A. Volk, J. Posselius, C. Foster, S. Shi,and S. Karapetyan. 2014. Evaluation of Large

Scale Willow Biomass Crop Harvesting Using a Recently Developed Single-Pass Cut-and-Chip Harvest System. Seminar presented at NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. May 15, 2014.

Fabio, E.S. 2014. Environment and Management Factors Influencing Shrub Willow Establishment and

Biomass Production. Seminar presented at NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. June 26, 2014. Hartley, D.S. and Wang, J. 2014. Optimization of Bio-Energy Facility Location and Capacity. Seminar

presented at NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. June 26, 2014. Jacobson, M. 2014. Willow in Europe. Seminar presented at NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. April 17,

2014. Kemanian, A.R. 2014. Modeling Energy Crops Production and Environmental Impacts. Seminar

presented at NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. February 27, 2014. Ramcharan, A, 2014. Biomass and Nitrogen Balance of Winter Rye. Seminar presented at NEWBio All

Hands Teleseminar. June 26, 2014. Richard, T. 2014. Sustainable Bioenergy: Latin America, Caribbean and Africa. Seminar presented at

NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. April 17, 2014. Richard, T. 2014. Report on NIFA Climate Change CAP Meeting. Seminar presented at NEWBio All

Hands Teleseminar. January 23, 2014. Serapiglia, M. J. Willow Genotype-by-Environment Effects on Biomass Composition. NEWBio All

Hands Teleseminar. Nov. 21, 2013. Smart, L.B. 2014. Feedstock Improvement: Comparison of Two-Year vs. Four-Year Harvesting of

Willow. NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar, March 27, 2014. Spatari, S. 2014. NEWBio Data Management Plan – An Overview. Seminar presented at NEWBio All

Hands Teleseminar. February 27, 2014.



Volk, T. 2014. Evaluation of Large Scale Willow Biomass Crop Harvesting Using a Recently-Developed

Single-Pass Cut-and-Chip Harvester. Seminar presented at NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. May 15, 2014.

Wang, J. and D. Hartley. 2013. NEWBio Materials Flow for data sampling and data management.

NEWBio All-Hands Teleseminar. September 19, 2013. Wang, J. 2014. Bioenergy in China. . Seminar presented at NEWBio All Hands Teleseminar. April 17,

2014.



Year Three Plan of Work Included here are detailed plans of work developed by each thrust as part of the project’s funding continuation application. Thrust 1 - Human Systems in the Northeast Regional Bioeconomy

Task 1.1: Understanding Social and Economic Constraints o Activities will include refining crop budgets and yield assumptions on an ongoing basis

using Northeast U.S. data, analyzing production factors, fuel consumption and emission data to map marginal lands and estimate switchgrass, miscanthus, and willow yields for a representative site. Analysis of landowner motivations and behaviors will continue with additional media and policy studies for the purpose of scoping issues for pilot interviews. Interview protocols will be developed and conducted during the last quarter. Strategic procurement theories will be applied for evaluating potential supply channels and arrangements.

o Outputs will include refined yield assumptions based on the Cycles model output for export to POLYSYS and to ArcGIS to identify and map economically marginal lands. An online/mail survey will be conducted with landowners in NEWBio demonstration areas to evaluate willingness to plant energy crops on marginal lands.

o Milestones will include the generation of feedstock supply curves, identification of economically marginal lands, identification of an economic model to measure willingness to plant energy crops, and a draft report on strategic procurement analysis results to be validated with other NEWBio research team experts.

o Anticipated outcomes will include improved modeling assumptions and a greater understanding of values and motivations that drive land management decisions.

Task 1.2: Assess demonstration sites as they pursue scale up of biomass crop production and supply chain infrastructure

o Activities will include developing and applying metrics for assessing the application of a strategic procurement framework for NEWBio demonstration sites, integrating estimated progress results and evaluating the performance gap of supply arrangements as part of business models. This will include site visits and targeted interviews with local stakeholders.

o Outputs will include development of an assessment tool to estimate the progress of demonstration sites in developing supply arrangements and identifying areas for improvement in supply arrangements. IMPLAN analysis will provide an indication of economic impacts of scaling up demonstrations to supply commercial biorefineries.

o Milestones will include the documentation of estimated progress of demonstration sites in developing business models, and of areas for improvement. A preliminary site situation case report will be drafted.

o Anticipated outcomes will include the development of business models to support the commercialization of energy crops.



Thrust 2 – Feedstock Improvement for Perennial Energy crops

Task 2.1: Breeding of non-invasive triploid hybrids of willow displaying hybrid vigor

o Activities will include execution of parallel recurrent selection programs for tetraploid and diploid species, development of genotyping-by-sequencing markers for tetraploid species and development of new triploid progeny. A survey of pests and diseases will be conducted for the 2013 Family Selection trial, and in association trials established by the NE Sun Grant project. A controlled import permit application will be made to APHIS to import new Salix miyabeana, S. purpurea, S. koriyanagi, S. suchowensis and other diploid species cuttings from collaborators.

o Outputs will include new tetraploid, diploid and triploid progeny and the successful establishment of these plantings in the field.

o Milestones reached will include the production of at least six new families of tetraploid, diploid and triploid progeny, with the addition of new tetraploids and diploids as allowed by APHIS.

o Anticipated outcomes and impacts include improved yields and shortened breeding

cycles, and the development of genomic tools to accelerate breeding for marginal lands.

Task 2.2: Genetic basis for pest and disease resistance in willow and perennial grasses

o Activities will include surveys of Salix germplasm for susceptibility to rust, potato leafhopper, beetles and the collection of Salix tissues for analysis of gene expression in response to insect feedings; surveys of switchgrass germplasm for resistance to pests and diseases and if present, evaluate, summarize and compare with Cornell data.

o Outputs will include sequences of willow genes that are regulated in response to insect feeding and associated with resistance, and switchgrass data collection on disease ratings, plant heights, tiller density and dry biomass yields.

o Milestones will include continued development of a database of Salix phenotypic data for breeding material, creation of a table of disease/insect resistance in switchgrass, and segregation of switchgrass populations for disease and insect resistance, with enough plant material for establishment of replicated mapping populations at Rutgers.

o Anticipated outcomes will include improvement in breeding resistance to the greatest

emerging biotic threats to sustainable production of perennial bioenergy feedstocks.

Task 2.3: Breeding and selection of cultivars adapted for Northeast conditions o Activities will include the analysis of willow growth data for 2012 and the measurement

and initial analysis of 2013 yield trials; assessment of growth, disease and insect resistance for switchgrass research trials; maintenance of switchgrass nurseries, and the harvesting of switchgrass seed from crossing blocks.

o Outputs will include data collection on the growth and survival potential of willow cultivars and switchgrass variations in progeny performance of bioenergy traits.



o Milestones will include collection of the first yield data for new willow cultivars, and establishment and growth in switchgrass nurseries.

o Anticipated outcomes will integrate feedstock improvement data with Task 4.1 (Sustainability thrust) and result in improved germination under low soil temperatures and improved vigor on poorly drained and sandy marginal soils.

Task 2.4: Breeding and selection of willow and switchgrass yields on reclaimed mine lands.

o Activities will include surveying survival rates and measuring and analyzing growth data at willow demonstration sites and in switchgrass nurseries.

o Outputs will include comparisons of progeny and the determination of needs/availability of sites for 2015 plantings.

o Milestones will include an initial growth evaluation of willow genotypes on reclaimed mineland and identification of superior switchgrass plants.

o Anticipated outcomes will include the identification of cultivars and breeding lines that are capable of economically viable production on this unique substrate and provide a foundation for further breeding and improvement.

Thrust 3 – Harvest, Pre-processing, and Logistics of Integrated Biomass

Supply Chains

Task 3.1: Significantly reduce the harvesting cost per ton of biomass feedstocks from willow and perennial grasses

o Activities will include continued processing of time-motion data from large-scale harvests, analysis of fuel consumption, emissions, and other economic and environmental variables for willow and switchgrass harvesters. Miscanthus field harvesting tests will also be performed. Base model revisions will be made based on these results, technology

Rutgers Post‐Doc

Lindsay Hoffman

assesses

switchgrass vigor

at the Philipsburg,

PA reclaimed

mine land site in

June 2014.



changes, and other research findings, and including new data sets (INL, BLM, ORNL, KDF).

o Outputs will include the collection of field efficiency data (harvester production and efficiency rates, production costs, fuel consumption and other performance data), and the development of switchgrass round baling parameters and a baling/bale-handling cycle diagram.

o Milestones will include a revised biomass logistics model with unit costs for each harvesting chain component.

o Anticipated outcomes and impacts will include sharing the biomass feedstock logistics model with NEWBio commercial partners to incorporate improvements into future harvesting operations and to continue measurement and documentation of the effect of these improvements. Longer-term, improvements in the efficiency of feedstock harvesting and its supply chain are expected to reduce the delivered cost of materials, resulting in greater supplies of reasonably-priced biomass for advanced biorefineries.

Task 3.2: Quantify the role of preprocessing for densification and storage on transportation efficacy and downstream fuel conversion

o Activities will include final torrefaction tests and measurements of energy and fuel yield from torrefied biomass feedstock, continuation of densification studies for switchgrass, willow and miscanthus.

o Outputs will include energy and potential fuel yield for torrefied biomass feedstock, the collection of biomass densification data and an initial assessment of the densification impacts on biomass quality as well as dry mass losses and efficiency results.

o Milestones will include the preparation of a scientific paper presenting torrefaction study results, and the development of a densification impacts fact sheet.

o Anticipated outcomes and impacts include continued acquisition of harvest and pre-processing data to better inform the development of systems to move biomass through the supply chain to the refinery gate.

Task 3.3: Assess the storage requirements and effects of long-term storage on the quality of willow and perennial grasses

o Activities will include the continuation of long-term storage studies for switchgrass, miscanthus and willow.

o Outputs will include data analysis on impacts of wet and dry storage on biomass feedstock quality as well as dry matter loss.

o Milestones will include drafting a fact sheet on storage impacts for these feedstocks. o Anticipated outcomes and impacts will include using storage data and information to

develop storage systems that will allow for the accumulation of the feedstock supply needed to maintain constant levels of biofuel production year-round.

Task 3.4: Techno-economic analysis, cost engineering, and life cycle analysis of densification, storage preprocessing and biorefinery integration

o Activities will include generating equipment performance parameters, biomass material format characteristics and ranges for each alternative supply scenario, and refining estimates of production data for satellite preprocessing facilities.



o Outputs will include optimizing the current base model with supply chain configurations and unit costs, and completing cost studies to provide data for LCA input.

o Milestones will include a revised logistics model of the forage harvester supply chain. o Anticipated outcomes and impacts include the development of an integrated model to

project the yield of both biofuel and bioproducts along with economic costs and potential returns.

Thrust 4 – Systems Performance and Sustainability Metrics

Task 4.1: Site- and crop-specific knowledge gaps o Activities will include the continued monitoring and accumulation of biomass

measurements at various experimental websites and the establishment of additional experimental sites for willow and miscanthus. Work will continue on Nitrogen remobilization, nitrous oxide simulations and carbon storage. Two additional eddy covariance installations are planned.

o Outputs will include routine sampling soil sampling and simulations, o Milestones will include eddy covariance systems operating error-free, model testing of

various nutrient extraction rates, with soil cores stored and databases populated. o Outcomes will the delivery of a pilot model with simulation samples, and a yield gap

analysis, to the NEWBio team.

Task 4.2: Benchmark scenarios o Activities will include continued simulations on NEWBio demonstration sites in Ohio

and Pennsylvania, the introduction of point-based scenarios in New York, and the continued comparison with of biomass crop management with other annual crops.

o Outputs will include crop management scenario schedules, and the continued collection of simulation data.

o Milestones will include soil, weather and management data storage, and the preparation of a validation report.

o Outcomes will include the publication of data and targeted information to inform biomass production stakeholders through NEWBio’s Extension thrust.

Task 4.3: Regional feedstock supply and environmental assessment o Activities will include development of methods to incorporate air quality and landscape

effects (invasive species, changes in land use) into regional scenarios. o Outputs will include potential emissions data for a given area of feedstock with co-

located NO or VBOC sources. Routine collection of GHG data will continue. o Milestones will include the preparation of a white paper for internal NEWBio distribution

assessing the raw data and outlining methods for inclusion of same in further scenario-building and regional analyses.

o Outcomes will include advancing NEWBio’s understanding of these environmental impacts on the biomass value chain.

Task 4.4: Biomass to biofuel life cycle analysis and multi-criteria sustainability o Activities will include defining protocols for Life Cycle Analysis for each point scenario

from Task 4.2, and identifying missing or ambiguous data.



o Outputs will include identification of all possible indicators of landscape effects and other externalities that will pose a challenge or have regulatory implications. (Retained from Year Two work plan).

o Milestones reached will include extensive coordination with the Harvest, Preprocessing and Logistics, Extension and Education thrusts. The bulk of Task 4.4 activities will take place late in Year Three and await outputs from Tasks 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3.

o Anticipated outcomes and impacts will include a systems level accounting of market and non-market ecosystem services that will guide adjustments in biomass production systems and inform current land use states and scenarios for scaled up biomass production practices.

Thrust 5 – Safety and Health in Biomass Feedstock Production and

Processing Operations

Task 5.1: Biomass safety program development o Activities will include the ongoing review and inventory of injury and exposure report

and a safety needs survey of biomass producers. o Outputs will include the creation and distribution of the safety needs survey. o Milestones will include the tabulation and reporting of the survey results to the NEWBio

team. o Anticipated outcomes will include raising awareness within the biomass community

through the communication of the survey results to create a culture of safety in the biomass production, transport and preprocessing sectors.

Task 5.2: Safety and health hazard inventory o Activities will include expanding team site visits to non-Pennsylvania locations, and the

examination of new machines and technologies used in biomass operations at these locations.

o Outputs will include assessments and inventories of new machines and technologies. o Milestones will include the identification of on-going and potential hazards for new

machines and technologies. o Anticipated outcomes will include the development of safety standards that address

machinery hazards and environmental risks, to promote worker safety. Task 5.3: Develop, conduct and evaluate a comprehensive safety and health

management program o Activities will include drafting a biomass safety and health management plan. o Outputs will include developing and testing evaluation instruments for the plan. o Milestones will include piloting and evaluating the draft safety and health management

plan. o Anticipated outcomes will include an improved safety management plan that will identify

industry safety standards, and raise public awareness of hazards, and reduce injury exposure.



Thrust 6 – Extension

Task 6.1: Integrated demonstration sites o Activities will include routine data collection and maintenance at demonstration sites in

Ohio/Pennsylvania, New York and West Virginia and organizing events for the region. o Outputs will include identifying potential cooperators, and continuing the development of

contact lists and other tools to announce and publicize events. o Milestones will include hosting two workshops and two field demonstrations. o Anticipated outcomes will include the continued development of learning communities

engaged in the bioenergy arena.

Task 6.2: Biomass equipment access program o Activities will include the scheduling and prioritization of use of harvesting and planting

equipment available through NEWBio collaborators. o Outputs will include making available information on sites, acreage, and costs to local

farmers and landowners who use or are interested in using this equipment. o Milestones will include the identification of machine hazards and the development of a

safety training program o Anticipated outcomes will include the increase use of specialized equipment by small

landowners, and increased public awareness of the safety hazards inherent in the use of large, complicated machinery.

Task 6.3: Small business and economic development o Activities will include assessing existing business models and conducting a biomass

market analysis. o Outputs will include a literature review on business model frameworks and interviews

with research and industry partners. Findings will be integrated on business models, market identification, and market analyses.

o Milestones will include identification of successful business models and competitive strategies for biomass businesses, and the completion of a white paper on the market analysis for key multi-tier biomass markets.

o Anticipated outcomes will include advancing the body of business and market knowledge necessary to create a culture of opportunity for development of the biomass supply chain.

Task 6.4: Expand eXtension.org for willow and warm-season grasses o Activities will include maintenance of NEWBio’s index of publications and outreach

materials, development of web-based “Ask an Expert” and FAQ forums, facilitate the development of NEWBio research summaries and fact sheets and advertise and archive NEWBio webinars and related presentations.

o Outputs will include the continuing development of web-based and/or social media content to promote the biomass and bioenergy arenas in general, and NEWBio efforts in particular.

o Milestones will include new or updated webpages, a monthly webinar contribution, FAQs published on the web, and Twitter, Facebook and Pinterest posts.

o Anticipated outcomes will include dynamic and interactive educational resources that raise the general public’s bioenergy awareness and contribute to capacity building for biomass growers and entrepreneurs.



Task 6.5: Interactive and innovative learning-lessons tools o Activities will include managing and facilitating responses to the web-based “Ask an

Expert” forum, developing fact sheets that target barriers to the business development of biomass as well as on other essential NEWBio topics and continuing bioenergy blog posts and the webinar series,

o Outputs will include NEWBio information delivery through a variety of settings. o Milestones will include a minimum of 20 “expert” replies posted, 12 fact sheets

published, 80 relevant presentations completed, six research summaries posted, and eight or more webinars delivered.

o Anticipated outcomes will include raised public awareness about the best practices and emerging technologies in their bioenergy interest areas.

Thrust 7 – Education

Task 7.1: Secondary Educator Training o Activities will include applicant recruitment and receipt/review of candidate applications,

the identification of program dates and locations for Summer 2015 workshops, and collaboration with site directors to plan local tours and identify local speakers.

o Outputs will include maintenance of online resources for the program, development of a recruitment brochure, and delivery of the workshops.

o Milestones reached will include organization of the training for 20 educators, delivery of an anticipated week-long workshop in conjunction with a national conference, and follow-up evaluation of the program.

o Anticipated outcomes and impacts will include an increase in knowledge of bioenergy on the part of the trained educators, and integration of this knowledge in the educators’ subsequent teachings on the subject to foster increased public understanding of the social, economic and environmental impacts of sustainable bioenergy systems in the Northeast.

Task 7.2: Regional Bioenergy Scholars Program o Activities will include obtaining feedback from Year 2 scholars and host institutions,

recruitment of Year 3 scholars, maintenance of online resources for the program, application review and placement with host institutions.

o Outputs will include the identification of eight new scholars for summer 2015 trainings. o Milestones will include eight trained students added to a growing cohort of bioenergy

scholars in the region. o Outcomes and impacts will include increased knowledge on the part of the scholars with

demonstrated interest in a bioenergy career. Task 7.3: Graduate Distance Education in Bioenergy

o Activities will include the marketing of the program, receipt and review of student applications and identification of scholarship recipients for spring 2015 courses.

o Outputs will include the delivery of Fall 2014 and Spring 2015 online graduate-level bioenergy courses.



o Milestones will include the completion of Fall 2014 and Spring 2015 coursework by five graduate students, as well as program evaluation and modifications as needed for succeeding year offerings.

o Outcomes and impacts will include increased knowledge on the part of the graduate students, and the potential formation of their plans to develop or participate in future bioenergy business endeavors.

Thrust 8 – Leadership, Stakeholder Involvement, Knowledge-to-Action

(K2A) and Program Evaluation

Task 8.1: Executive and Thrust Conference Calls o Activities will include monthly leadership team conference calls, and monthly joint

leadership-management team conference calls, and at least monthly but in some cases (depending on the time of year) more frequent thrust team conference calls.

o Outputs from these calls will include communication of progress-to-date within and across teams, and identification of items requiring immediate action or longer-term resolution.

o Milestones reached will include 11 leadership conference calls, 11 joint leadership-management conference calls, and an estimated 60+ thrust team calls.

o Anticipated outcomes and impacts will include broad distribution of the total team effort to all project members, and to the public at large through postings to the NEWBio public website.

Task 8.2: All Hands Teleseminars and Meetings o Activities will include monthly teleseminars and an annual meeting that provide project

updates to the NEWBio project team, our advisory board, industry and agency partners and interested members of the public. These teleseminars include one or more NEWBio research, extension or education presentations, with participation by our corporate partners.

o Outputs will include the communication of project efforts and results to the larger NEWBio.

o Milestones reached will include 11 teleseminars, and one annual meeting that will occur near the end of the funding year.

o Anticipated outcomes will be the creation of synergistic opportunities for project team efforts to further align efforts with stakeholder needs.

Task 8.3: External Advisory Board Meetings and Strategic Planning o Activities will include an annual stakeholder review of NEWBio tasks and performance

facilitated by external evaluators, board involvement in evaluating the NEWBio seed grant program, and the establishment of an active feedback loop for strategic planning.

o Outputs will include an updated strategic plan with goals, strategies and tactics for the coming year.

o Milestones reached will include at least one mid-year board teleconference, and participation by the board at the NEWBio annual meeting.



o Anticipated outcomes and impacts from this effort will include a more focused investment of time and resources on critical barriers and bottlenecks to project success and commercial implementation.

Task 8.4: Task and Project Evaluation o Activities will include evaluation of stakeholder engagement processes and assessment of

NEWBio capacity to create stronger linkages between knowledge and action (K2A) via a survey of internal project team members and the Advisory Board. Interviews will be conducted with a sub-set of NEWBio’s Leadership Team, non-Leadership Team personnel, and non-Advisory Board external stakeholders.

o Outputs will include a technical report from survey data collected in spring 2014; data collected through interviews conducted in summer 2014; and ongoing evaluator participation in management, all hands, and annual meetings.

o Milestones reached will include delivery of the technical report based on the survey, interviews, and participant observation that includes assessment of and recommendations for improving interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder engagement. Reports will provide recommendations aimed at improving project efficacy, especially with regard to transferring research to practice via stakeholder engagement.

o Anticipated outcomes and impacts will include guidance for increasing collaborative opportunities in order to more closely align research, extension and outreach efforts with project team and stakeholder needs.

Task 8.5: Administrative Evaluation ○ Activities will include evaluation of program administration via a team survey and

interviews with key team members. ○ Outputs include a technical report from survey data collected in spring 2014; data

collected through interviews conducted in summer 2014; and ongoing participation in management, all hands, and annual meetings.

○ Milestones reached will include delivery of a technical report based on the survey, interviews, and participant observation that includes assessment of and recommendations for improving program administration. Reports will provide recommendations aimed at improving project efficacy through enhanced administrative capacity.

○ Anticipated outcomes will include guidance for program administration to enhance administrative capacity and create stronger inter- and transdisciplinary collaborations.

Task 8.6: Final Evaluation and Program Report o No activities are planned during year three.



Appendix A

NEWBio Task List and Timeline



‐‐ ‐‐ Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3

Thrust 1 Human Systems

Task 1.1 Understanding socia l and economic constra ints O X O X O X X X X X

Task 1.2Assess demonstration s ites as they pursue sca le up of biomass

crop production and supply chain infrastructure O X O X X O X O X

Thrust 2 Feedstock Improvement for Perennial Energy Crops

Task 2.1Breeding of non‐invasive triploid hybrids of willow displaying

hybrid vigor O X O O O X

Task 2.2Genetic basis for pest and disease resistance in willow and

perennial grasses O X O X O X O X O X

Task 2.3 Breeding and selection of cultivars adapted for NE conditions O X O X O X O X O X

Task 2.4Breeding and selection of willow and switchgrass yields on

reclaimed mine lands O X O X O X O X O X

Thrust 3Harvest, Preprocessing, and Logistics of Integrated Biomass

Supply Chains

Task 3.1Significantly reduce the harvesting cost per ton of biomass

feedstocks from will and perennial grasses in the NE O X O X O X X X

Task 3.2Quantify the role of preprocessing for densification and

storage on transporation efficiency and downstream fuel O X O X O X O X X

Task 3.3Assess the storage requirements and effects of long term

storage on the quality of willow and perennial grasses O X

Task 3.4Techno‐economic analysis, cost engineering, and LCA of

densification, storage, preprocessing, biorefinery integration X O X O X O X X

Thrust 4 System Performance and Sustainability Metrics

Task 4.1 Site‐ and crop‐specific knowledge gaps O X O X

Task 4.2 Benchmark Scenarios O O X X

Task 4.3 Regional feestock suppy and environmental assessment O O X

Task 4.4 Biomass to biofuel LCA and multi‐criteria assessments O O X X O

Thrust 5Safety and Health in Biomass Feedstock Production and

Processing Operations

Task 5.1 Biomass Safety Program Development X X X X X X

Task 5.2 Safety and Health Hazard Inventory O O O O O

Task 5.3Develop, conduct and evaluate a comprehensive safety and

health management program O O O O O

2016 2017NEWBIO TASK LIST AND TIMELINE

2012 2013 2014 2015

See table legend on next page.



‐‐ ‐‐ Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3

Thrust 6 Extension

Task 6.1 Integrated demonstration sites O O X O X

Task 6.2 Biomass equipment access program O O O O O O O O O X

Task 6.3 Small business and economic development X O X O O X O O X

Task 6.4 Expand eXtension.org for willow and warm‐season grasses X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Task 6.5 Interactive and innovative learning‐lessons tools X X O X O O X O O X X

Thrust 7 Education

Task 7.1 Secondary educator training O O O O O

Task 7.2 Regional Bioenergy Scholars O O O O X

Task 7.3 Graduate distance education in bioenergy O X

Thrust 8 Leadership, Stakeholder Involvement, and Program Evaluation

Task 8.1 Leadership, management and thrust team conference calls O

Task 8.2 All‐Hands teleseminars and meetings O O O O O O

Task 8.3 External advisory board meetings and strategic planning O O O O X

Task 8.4 Task and project evaluation X X X X X

Task 8.5 Administrative program evaluation X X X X X

Task 8.6 Final evaluation and program report X X

2016 2017NEWBIO TASK LIST AND TIMELINE

2012 2013 2014 2015

Key Deliverables

Project Milestones OFact Sheets, Reports, Articles, Videos X Low Activity High Activity

Activity Level


NEWBio Annual Progress Report: September 2013 – August 2014 36

Appendix B NEWBio Project Team Listing – By Institutional Affiliation

NEWBIO AFFILIATION FULL NAME INSTITUTIONAL AFFLIATION PRIMARY TEAM

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Curt Carter Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jamie Crawford Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Ryan Crawford Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Brian DeGasperis Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Eric Fabio Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Julie Hansen Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Kavya Krishnan Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Nirav Patel Cornell University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Brian Richards Cornell University 4‐Sustainability Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Corey Rutzke Cornell University 7‐Education

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Larry Smart Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Don Viands Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Peter Woodbury Cornell University 4‐Sustainability Systems

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Jeffrey Teague Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Jeffrey Springmeier Cornell University (temp) 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Andrew TenEyck Cornell University (temp) 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Zywia Wojnar Cornell University 7‐Education

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Tiffini Johnson Delaware State University 7‐Education

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Venu (Kal) Kalavacharla Delaware State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Kalpalatha Melmaiee Delaware State University 7‐Education

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Kimberlee Marcellus Drexel University 4‐Sustainability Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Long Nguyen Drexel University 4‐Sustainability Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Anu Pradhan Drexel University 4‐Sustainability Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Sabrina Spatari Drexel University 4‐Sustainability Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Kara Cafferty Idaho Nat'l Laboratory 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Matt Langholtz Oak Ridge Nat'l Laboratory 1‐Human Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Dave Marrison Ohio State University 6‐Extension

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Joseph Negaard Penn State Dickinson School of Law 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Natalie Aiello Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Saurabh Bansal Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Ryan Baxter Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Leah Bug Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Kirby Calvert Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Maria Laura Cangiano Penn State University 4‐Sustainability Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel John Carlson Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Dan Ciolkosz Penn State University 7‐Education

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Irene Darku Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates F. Austine Decker Penn State University 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Kristie Dennison Penn State University 4‐Sustainability Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Deborah Dietrich Penn State University 7‐Education

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Kay DiMarco Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Lara Fowler Penn State University 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Marvin Hall Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Casey Hall Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Nichole Heil Penn State University 6‐Extension

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Joshua Herr Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Clare Hinrichs Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Stacie Hritz Penn State University 7‐Education

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Mike Jacobson Penn State University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Matt Johnson Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Ed Johnstonbaugh Penn State University 6‐Extension

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Armen Kemanian Penn State University 4‐Sustainability Systems

A‐Project Team: Project Manager Barbara Kinne Penn State University Project Manager



NEWBio Project Team Listing – By Institutional Affiliation (continued)


G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Danielle Lesso Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jude Liu Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Yaru Grace Liu Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Felipe Montes Penn State University 4‐Sustainability Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Dave Mortensen Penn State University 4‐Sustainability Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Dennis Murphy Penn State University 5‐Safety and Health

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Gary Musgrave Penn State University 6‐Extension

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Amanda Ramcharan Penn State University 4‐Sustainability Systems

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Tom Richard Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Kusumal Ruamsook Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Douglas Schaufler Penn State University 5‐Safety and Health

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Joseph Syrko Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Evelyn Thomchick Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Wanyan Wang Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Annmarie Ward Penn State University 7‐Education

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Charlynn White Penn State University 3‐Harvest,PreProcess,Logistics

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Sarah Wurzbacher Penn State University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jeff Yanosky Penn State University 4‐Sustainability Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Yun (Carrie) Zhou Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Wei Jiang Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Stacy Bonos Rutgers University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Lindsey Hoffman Rutgers University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Morey Burnham SUNY ESF 1‐Human Systems

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Charles Bush SUNY ESF 2‐Feedstock Improvement

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Aayushi Patel SUNY ESF 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Nathan Sleight SUNY ESF 4‐Sustainability Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Larry Abrahamson SUNY‐ESF 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Mark Eisenbies SUNY‐ESF 3‐Harvest, Preprocess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Andrea Feldpausch‐Parker SUNY‐ESF 1‐Human Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Justin P. Heavey SUNY‐ESF 6‐Extension

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Theresa Selfa SUNY‐ESF 1‐Human Systems

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Tim Volk SUNY‐ESF 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Prosper Doamekpor Tuskegee University 7‐Education

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Jessica Leahy University of Maine 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Laura Lindenfeld University of Maine 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Sue Hawkins University of Vermont Extension 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Wendy Sue Harper University of Vermont Extension 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Gill ian McGarvey University of Vermont Extension 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Susan Harlow University of Vermont Extension 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Kwesi Boateng USDA‐ARS ERRC 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Michelle J. Serapiglia USDA‐ARS ERRC 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel David DeVallance West Virginia University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Stephen DiFazio West Virginia University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Luke Evans West Virginia University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Shawn Grushecky West Virginia University 6‐Extension

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Damon Hartley West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Weiguo Liu West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates David Martino West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Heather Nobert West Virginia University 6‐Extension

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Sarah Cross West Virginia University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jeff Skousen West Virginia University 6‐Extension

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Jingxin Wang West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Yuxi Wang West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Ran Zhou West Virginia University 2‐Feedstock Improvement



NEWBio Project Team Listing – By Thrust


C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Saurabh Bansal Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Morey Burnham SUNY ESF 1‐Human Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Andrea Feldpausch‐Parker SUNY‐ESF 1‐Human Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Clare Hinrichs Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Wei Jiang Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Matt Langholtz Oak Ridge Nat'l Laboratory 1‐Human Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Yaru Grace Liu Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Kusumal Ruamsook Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Theresa Selfa SUNY‐ESF 1‐Human Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Evelyn Thomchick Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Yun (Carrie) Zhou Penn State University 1‐Human Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Larry Abrahamson SUNY‐ESF 2‐Feedstock Improvement

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Stacy Bonos Rutgers University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Charles Bush SUNY ESF 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel John Carlson Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Curt Carter Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jamie Crawford Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Ryan Crawford Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Brian DeGasperis Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Stephen DiFazio West Virginia University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Luke Evans West Virginia University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Eric Fabio Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Marvin Hall Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Julie Hansen Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Joshua Herr Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

E‐Project Team: Post Doctoral Researchers Lindsey Hoffman Rutgers University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Kavya Krishnan Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Larry Smart Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Jeffrey Springmeier Cornell University (temp) 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Jeffrey Teague Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Andrew TenEyck Cornell University (temp) 2‐Feedstock Improvement

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Don Viands Cornell University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Wanyan Wang Penn State University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Ran Zhou West Virginia University 2‐Feedstock Improvement

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Ryan Baxter Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Kwesi Boateng USDA‐ARS ERRC 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Kara Cafferty Idaho Nat'l Laboratory 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Kirby Calvert Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Irene Darku Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Kay DiMarco Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Mark Eisenbies SUNY‐ESF 3‐Harvest, Preprocess, Logistics

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Casey Hall Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Damon Hartley West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jude Liu Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Weiguo Liu West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates David Martino West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Aayushi Patel SUNY ESF 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Tom Richard Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Michelle J. Serapiglia USDA‐ARS ERRC 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Joseph Syrko Penn State University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Tim Volk SUNY‐ESF 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

A‐Project Team: Executive Committee Jingxin Wang West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Yuxi Wang West Virginia University 3‐Harvest, PreProcess, Logistics

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Charlynn White Penn State University 3‐Harvest,PreProcess,Logistics



NEWBio Project Team Listing – By Thrust (continued)


F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Maria Laura Cangiano Penn State University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Kristie Dennison Penn State University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Armen Kemanian Penn State University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Kimberlee Marcellus Drexel University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Felipe Montes Penn State University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Dave Mortensen Penn State University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Long Nguyen Drexel University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Anu Pradhan Drexel University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Amanda Ramcharan Penn State University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Brian Richards Cornell University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Nathan Sleight SUNY ESF 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Sabrina Spatari Drexel University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Peter Woodbury Cornell University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jeff Yanosky Penn State University 4‐Sustainabil ity Systems

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Dennis Murphy Penn State University 5‐Safety and Health

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Douglas Schaufler Penn State University 5‐Safety and Health

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Shawn Grushecky West Virginia University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Susan Harlow University of Vermont Extension (eXt6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Wendy Sue Harper University of Vermont Extension (Co 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Sue Hawkins University of Vermont Extension 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Justin P. Heavey SUNY‐ESF 6‐Extension

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Nichole Heil Penn State University 6‐Extension

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Mike Jacobson Penn State University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Ed Johnstonbaugh Penn State University 6‐Extension

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Dave Marrison Ohio State University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Gill ian McGarvey University of Vermont Extension (Co 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Gary Musgrave Penn State University 6‐Extension

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Heather Nobert West Virginia University 6‐Extension

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Sarah Cross West Virginia University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Jeff Skousen West Virginia University 6‐Extension

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Sarah Wurzbacher Penn State University 6‐Extension

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Natalie Aiello Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Leah Bug Penn State University 7‐Education

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Dan Ciolkosz Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel David DeVallance West Virginia University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Deborah Dietrich Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Prosper Doamekpor Tuskegee University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Stacie Hritz Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Matt Johnson Penn State University 7‐Education

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Tiffini Johnson Delaware State University 7‐Education

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Venu (Kal) Kalavacharla Delaware State University 7‐Education

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates Danielle Lesso Penn State University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Kalpalatha Melmaiee Delaware State University 7‐Education

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Nirav Patel Cornell University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Corey Rutzke Cornell University 7‐Education

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Annmarie Ward Penn State University 7‐Education

D‐Project Team: Technical Personnel Zywia Wojnar Cornell University 7‐Education

G‐Project Team: Undergraduates F. Austine Decker Penn State University 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

C‐Project Team: Senior Personnel Lara Fowler Penn State University 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Jessica Leahy University of Maine 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

B‐Project Team: Leadership Co‐Chairs Laura Lindenfeld University of Maine 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

F‐Project Team: Graduate Students Joseph Negaard Penn State Dickinson School of Law 8‐Leadership and Evaluation

A‐Project Team: Project Manager Barbara Kinne Penn State University Project Manager



Appendix C Training

The following individuals received training and contributed to the overall NEWBio effort during Year Two’s period of performance.

Postdoctoral Researchers Institution Primary Thrust Participation Morey Burnham SUNY ESF Human Systems Lindsey Hoffman Rutgers University Feedstock Improvement Kusumal Ruamsook Penn State University Human Systems Luke Evans West Virginia University Feedstock Improvement Joshua Herr Penn State University Feedstock Improvement

Graduate Students Institution Primary Thrust Participation Ryan Baxter Penn State University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Maria Laura Cangiano Penn State University Sustainability Irene Darku Penn State University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Eric Fabio Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Damon Hartley West Virginia University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Wei Jiang Penn State University Human Systems Ricky Lewis Penn State University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Weiguo Liu West Virginia University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Yaru Grace Liu Penn State University Human Systems Kimberlee Marcellus Drexel University Sustainability Joseph Negaard Penn State University Sustainability Heather Nobert West Virginia University Extension Long Nguyen Drexel University Sustainability Aayushi Patel SUNY ESF Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Amanda Ramcharan Penn State University Sustainability Nathan Sleight SUNY ESF Sustainability Wanyan Wang Penn State University Feedstock Improvement Yuxi Wang West Virginia University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Yun Zhou Penn State University Human Systems Ran Zhou West Virginia University Feedstock Improvement

Undergraduate Students Institution Primary Thrust Participation Charles Bush SUNY ESF Feedstock Improvement Kristie Dennison Penn State University Sustainability Joseph Cassidy Penn State University Safety and Health F. Austine Decker Penn State University Extension, Leadership Abraham DeHart Penn State University Safety and Health Barry Foreng Penn State University Extension Intern Lauren Frazier Cornell Extension Feedstock Improvement Intern



Casey Hall Penn State University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Nichole Heil Penn State University Extension Intern Kavya Krishnan Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Danielle Lesso Penn State University Education David Martino West Virginia University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Rachel Passmore Penn State University Admin Communications Intern Drew Swomley Penn State University Safety and Health Joseph Syrko Penn State University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Charlynn White Penn State University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics

Technical Personnel Institution Primary Thrust Participation Curtis Carter Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Brian DeGasperis Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Kay DiMarco Penn State University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Tiffini Johnson Delaware State University Education Sarah Cross Owens West Virginia University Harvest, Preprocessing & Logistics Aaron Palmieri Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Jeffrey Springmeier Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Jeffrey Teague Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Andrew TenEyck Cornell University Feedstock Improvement Zywia Wojnar Cornell University Extension Educator

2014 Bioenergy Scholars Home Institution Mentor Institution/Thrust Deidrhe Clayton Univ of Southern California Delaware: Education Isaac Fisher Delaware State University Delaware: Education Isaac Knipfing SUNY ESF SUNY ESF: HPL Christopher Mann Penn State University Rutgers: Feedstock Improvement Ezgi Simsek Penn State University Penn State: Educatjion Neil Sprenkle West Virginia University West Virginia: HPL Joseph Volcko SUNY ESF Cornell: Feedstock Improvement



Appendix D

NEWBio Feedstock Readiness Tools

for

Shrub Willow Miscanthus Switchgrass Winter Rye


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Iden

tify

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

co

mpo

nent

s

Wa

ng

, M

urp

hy

, S

cha

ufl

er

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l cop

rodu

cts

Ric

ha

rd,

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

T

ho

mch

ick

, W

an

g

Estim

ate

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

m

ultip

le r

esou

rces

con

cern

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Wa

ng

, W

oo

db

ury

, K

em

an

ian

, V

olk

2.3

Dev

elop

ent

erpr

ise

budg

et f

or

pote

ntia

l fee

dsto

ck

Jaco

bso

n

Iden

tify

was

te d

ispo

sal

requ

irem

ents

Ric

ha

rd

Form

ulat

e a

plan

incl

udin

g be

st

prac

tices

to

addr

ess

regu

lato

ry

requ

irem

ents

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

2.4

Iden

tify

poss

ible

con

sequ

ence

s of

exp

ande

d pr

oduc

tion,

ar

ticul

ate

resp

onse

s to

tra

de-

off's

Jaco

bso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Iden

tify

harv

est

tech

niqu

es,

post

-ha

rves

t co

llect

ion,

tr

ansp

orta

tion,

and

sto

rage

lo

gist

ic o

ptio

ns

Wa

ng

, S

ma

rt,

Vo

lk

Com

ply

with

any

fee

dsto

ck p

re-

impo

rtat

ion

regu

latio

ns

Sm

art

, Ja

cob

son

3.1

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

feed

stoc

k yi

eld

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Sm

art

, D

iFa

zio

, C

arl

son

, K

em

an

ian

Estim

ate

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

cost

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Wa

ng

Det

erm

ine

pote

ntia

l for

soc

ieta

l re

sist

ance

to

use

of t

he

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

Jaco

bso

n,

Se

lfa

, V

olk

3.2

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

biof

uel c

onve

rsio

n po

tent

ial

Sm

art

, B

oa

ten

g

Eval

uate

cur

rent

and

alte

rnat

ive

futu

re s

cena

rios

for

est

ablis

hing

a

feed

stoc

k se

ctor

- f

easi

bilit

y st

udy

Do

ub

le A

Wil

low

Form

ulat

e a

plan

to

addr

ess

soci

etal

con

cern

s

Se

lfa

, Ja

cob

son

, V

olk

4.1

Perf

orm

coo

rdin

ated

reg

iona

l fe

edst

ock

tria

ls t

o de

term

ine

pote

ntia

l for

yie

ld im

prov

emen

t an

d de

pend

abili

ty o

f fe

edst

ock

supp

ly

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Sm

art

, D

iFa

zio

, C

arl

son

, K

em

an

ian

, V

olk

Iden

tify

bior

efin

ers

for

targ

eted

fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

deve

lopm

ent

and

link

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

ers

to

feed

stoc

k br

oker

s to

sup

ply

bior

efin

erie

s

Ric

ha

rd,

Vo

lk,

Jaco

bso

n,

Cio

lko

sz

Iden

tify

Fede

ral,

stat

e, o

r ot

her

spec

ial i

ncen

tive

prog

ram

s

Fo

wle

r, R

ich

ard

Perf

orm

ance

est

imat

ed f

or

feed

stoc

k th

roug

h a

conv

ersi

on

proc

ess

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y,

Pra

xa

ir,

Re

En

erg

y

4.2

Com

pare

per

form

ance

of

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

with

al

tern

ativ

e fe

edst

ock

choi

ce

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

Ha

ll,

Sk

ou

sen

, G

rush

eck

y

Iden

tify

spec

ific

alte

rnat

ives

for

re

duci

ng p

rodu

ctio

n an

d su

pply

un

cert

aint

ies

(i.e

., c

ontr

acts

and

lo

an g

uara

ntee

s)

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Th

om

chic

k

Dev

elop

con

serv

atio

n pl

an t

o ad

dres

s re

sour

ce c

once

rns

for

a fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

Mo

rte

nse

n,

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

, E

rnst

Co

nse

rva

tio

n

Det

erm

ine

conv

ersi

on e

ffic

ienc

y an

d un

ique

eff

ects

on

fuel

pr

oper

ties

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n E

ne

rgy

4.3

Impl

emen

t ag

ricu

ltura

l ext

ensi

on

and

educ

atio

n pr

ogra

ms

to

prom

ote

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Ex

ten

sio

n T

ea

mM

urp

hy

, S

cha

ufl

er

Impl

emen

t ed

ucat

ion

prog

ram

s to

est

ablis

h in

tere

st in

pr

oduc

tion

and

dem

and

for

feed

stoc

k pu

rcha

se

Ex

ten

sio

n t

ea

mE

du

cati

on

Te

am

Dra

ft N

EPA

(EA

or

EIS

) an

d ot

her

requ

ired

per

mitt

ing

docu

men

ts

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

, R

eE

ne

rgy

H

old

ing

s, C

elt

ic E

ne

rgy

Fa

rm

Co-

prod

uct

prod

uctio

n an

d ut

iliza

tion

perf

orm

ance

es

timat

ed

5.1

Def

ine

rang

e of

ada

ptat

ion

for

feed

stoc

k an

d id

entif

y pr

oduc

tion

unce

rtai

ntie

s

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Sm

art

, D

iFa

zio

, C

arl

son

, K

em

an

ian

, W

oo

db

ury

, V

olk

Dev

elop

and

ref

ine

post

-har

vest

lo

gist

ics

and

stor

age

Cio

lko

sz,

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r,

Sm

art

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns s

ubm

itted

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

, R

eE

ne

rgy

H

old

ing

s, C

elt

ic E

ne

rgy

Fa

rm

5.2

Con

duct

on-

farm

, fie

ld-s

cale

pr

oduc

tion

cost

tri

als

and

asse

ss

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Sm

art

, K

em

an

ian

Ass

ess

max

imum

mar

ket

pote

ntia

l for

fee

dsto

ck a

nd

copr

oduc

ts

Ric

ha

rd,

Ca

ffe

rty

Do

ub

le A

Wil

low

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns a

ppro

ved

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

, R

eE

ne

rgy

H

old

ing

s, C

elt

ic E

ne

rgy

Fa

rm

5.3

Esta

blis

h pa

rtia

l bud

get

cost

s an

d re

turn

Jaco

bso

n,

Wo

od

bu

ry

Eval

uate

was

te d

ispo

sal a

nd

othe

r co

sts

Prep

are

and

subm

it se

rvic

e pr

ogra

m a

pplic

atio

ns

5.4

Esta

blis

h pr

ice

poin

ts f

or

feed

stoc

k m

arke

t co

mpe

titiv

enes

s w

ith c

ompe

ting

land

use

s

Jaco

bso

n

Dev

elop

fee

dsto

ck o

ffta

ke

optio

ns a

nd p

athw

ays

to

real

izin

g m

arke

t po

tent

ial

Ser

vice

pro

gram

app

licat

ions

ap

prov

ed a

nd p

aym

ents

re

ceiv

ed

7Fe

edst

ock

Ava

ilabi

lity

Com

mer

cial

-sca

le p

rodu

ctio

n an

d fe

edst

ock

deliv

ery

to

conv

ersi

on f

acili

ty -

pay

men

ts

mad

e fo

r fe

edst

ock

Re

En

erg

y (

Lan

gh

olt

z, J

ian

g,

Vo

lk),

Ce

ltic

En

erg

y F

arm

Util

ize

risk

man

agem

ent

tool

s to

re

duce

unc

erta

inty

of

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

Con

tinue

ser

vice

pro

gram

pa

rtic

ipat

ion

as n

eede

d

Fo

wle

r

8C

omm

erci

aliz

atio

n

On-

goin

g m

onito

ring

and

re

sear

ch t

o im

prov

e pr

oduc

tion

syst

em p

erfo

rman

ce w

hile

m

anag

ing

mul

tiple

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Ce

ltic

En

erg

y F

arm

Mar

ket

esta

blis

hed

- m

ake

nece

ssar

y ad

just

men

ts t

o th

e su

pply

cha

in a

s th

e fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

evol

ves

Ce

ltic

En

erg

y F

arm

s, D

ou

ble

A

Wil

low

Mai

ntai

n re

gula

tory

com

plia

nce

and

mak

e ad

just

men

ts a

s ne

eded

Fo

wle

r

9S

usta

inab

le F

eeds

tock

Pr

oduc

tion

Cap

acity

Es

tabl

ishe

d

Full

arra

y of

pri

vate

ser

vice

s su

ppor

t fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n se

ctor

- u

nder

stan

ding

of

feed

stoc

k se

ctor

evo

lves

- m

ake

adju

stm

ents

as

com

mer

cial

-sc

ale

biof

uel p

rodu

ctio

n ex

pand

s

Mar

ket

func

tions

to

supp

ort

sust

aina

ble

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Fede

ral,

stat

e, a

nd p

riva

te

prog

ram

s fu

nctio

n w

ith m

inim

al

disr

uptio

n fr

om u

nint

ende

d

econ

omic

, en

viro

nmen

tal o

r so

cial

con

sequ

ence

s

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l con

vers

ion

tech

nolo

gy t

o ut

ilize

fee

dsto

ck

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y,

Pra

xa

ir,

Re

En

erg

y

Con

cept

For

mul

ated

Test

fee

dsto

ck q

ualit

y fo

r sp

ecifi

c co

nver

sion

tec

hnol

ogy

DiM

arc

o,

Bo

ate

ng

, S

ma

rtR

en

ma

tix

1B

asic

Pri

ncip

les

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l fee

dsto

ck f

or a

sp

ecifi

c co

nver

sion

tec

hnol

ogy

Ric

ha

rd

Fe

ed

sto

ck R

ea

din

ess

Le

ve

l (F

SR

L)F

SR

L C

om

po

ne

nts

wit

h T

oll

ga

tes

Iden

tify

curr

ent

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

ers,

fee

dsto

cks

and

copr

oduc

t us

ers,

and

was

tes

Ric

ha

rd,

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

T

ho

mch

ick

, V

olk

, W

an

g

Iden

tify

regu

lato

ry r

equi

rem

ents

to

pro

duci

ng a

new

fee

dsto

ck

Vo

lk,

Wa

ng

Preliminary Feedstock Evaluation

Proo

f of

Con

cept

Test

fee

dsto

ck in

con

vers

ion

proc

ess

at t

he e

xper

imen

tal

benc

h-sc

ale

DiM

arc

o,

Bo

ate

ng

, S

ma

rtR

en

ma

tix

, P

rim

us

Gre

en

E

ne

rgy

Prel

imin

ary

Tech

nica

l Ev

alua

tion

Feedstock Experimental Testing Pre-commercial Feedstock Assessment

Prod

uctio

n S

yste

m

Val

idat

ion

Pilo

t-sc

ale

test

ing

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n E

ne

rgy

, R

en

ma

tix

Sca

led-

com

mer

cial

tes

ting

Each

con

vers

ion

stak

ehol

der

is

addr

essi

ng t

his

inde

pend

ently

6.1

Full-

Sca

le P

rodu

ctio

n In

itiat

ion

Esta

blis

h so

urce

mat

eria

l nu

rser

ies

and

begi

n fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n sc

ale-

up p

roce

ss

Do

ub

le A

Wil

low

, E

rnst

C

on

serv

ati

on

Se

ed

s,

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Sm

art

Anc

illar

y se

rvic

e pr

ovid

ers

appl

y kn

owle

dge

gain

ed t

o ad

vise

pr

oduc

ers

and

othe

r su

pply

ch

ain

part

icip

ants

Ne

w H

oll

an

d,

Do

ub

le A

W

illo

w

All

regu

lato

ry c

ompl

ianc

e is

co

mpl

ete

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

, C

elt

ic

En

erg

y,

Do

ub

le A

Wil

low

Perf

orm

ance

con

firm

ed f

or

feed

stoc

k co

nver

sion

and

eff

ects

on

fue

l pro

pert

ies,

eng

ines

, an

d co

mpo

nent

s

Each

con

vers

ion

stak

ehol

der

is

addr

essi

ng t

his

inde

pend

ently

6.2

Prod

uce

feed

stoc

k pl

antin

g m

ater

ials

to

mee

t de

man

d

Do

ub

le A

Wil

low

Det

erm

ine

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

capa

city

whe

n lin

ked

to m

arke

t ou

tlets

- p

rice

and

qua

ntity

Do

ub

le A

Wil

low

Feedstock Commercial Deployment

Sus

tain

able

ful

l-sc

ale

prod

uctio

n of

bio

fuel

and

co-

prod

ucts


Feedstock Read

iness Tool for Miscanthus

Green: A

ctively Engaged


Goals

Act

ivit

yS

cale

De

scri

pti

on

(1)

Pro

du

ctio

n(2

) M

ark

et

(3)

Po

licy

- P

rog

ram

Su

pp

ort

a

nd

Re

gu

lato

ry C

om

pli

an

ce(4

) Li

nk

ag

e t

o C

on

ve

rsio

n

Pro

cess

2.1

Estim

ate

likel

y ra

nge

of

prod

uctio

n en

viro

nmen

ts a

nd

com

petin

g la

nd u

ses

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Wo

od

bu

ry

Ass

ess

feed

stoc

k m

arke

t al

tern

ativ

es

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

Ric

ha

rd,

Th

om

chic

kA

lote

rra

En

erg

y

Eval

uate

fee

dsto

ck f

or

com

plia

nce

with

reg

ulat

ory

requ

irem

ents

for

like

ly

prod

uctio

n en

viro

nmen

ts

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

2.2

Iden

tify

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

co

mpo

nent

s

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l cop

rodu

cts

Ric

ha

rd,

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

T

ho

mch

ick

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Estim

ate

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

m

ultip

le r

esou

rces

con

cern

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Wo

od

bu

ry,

Ke

ma

nia

n

2.3

Dev

elop

ent

erpr

ise

budg

et f

or

pote

ntia

l fee

dsto

ck

Ha

ll,

Jaco

bso

n

Iden

tify

was

te d

ispo

sal

requ

irem

ents

Ric

ha

rd

Form

ulat

e a

plan

incl

udin

g be

st

prac

tices

to

addr

ess

regu

lato

ry

requ

irem

ents

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

2.4

Iden

tify

poss

ible

con

sequ

ence

s of

exp

ande

d pr

oduc

tion,

ar

ticul

ate

resp

onse

s to

tra

de-

off's

Jaco

bso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Iden

tify

harv

est

tech

niqu

es,

post

-ha

rves

t co

llect

ion,

tr

ansp

orta

tion,

and

sto

rage

lo

gist

ic o

ptio

ns

Wa

ng

, Li

uA

lote

rra

En

erg

y

Com

ply

with

any

fee

dsto

ck p

re-

impo

rtat

ion

regu

latio

ns

Ha

ll

3.1

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

feed

stoc

k yi

eld

Ha

ll

Estim

ate

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

cost

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Wa

ng

Det

erm

ine

pote

ntia

l for

soc

ieta

l re

sist

ance

to

use

of t

he

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

Jaco

bso

n,

Se

lfa

3.2

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

biof

uel c

onve

rsio

n po

tent

ial

Bo

ate

ng

Eval

uate

cur

rent

and

alte

rnat

ive

futu

re s

cena

rios

for

est

ablis

hing

a

feed

stoc

k se

ctor

- f

easi

bilit

y st

udy

Jaco

bso

n,

Wa

ng

Form

ulat

e a

plan

to

addr

ess

soci

etal

con

cern

s

Se

lfa

, Ja

cob

son

, V

olk

4.1

Perf

orm

coo

rdin

ated

reg

iona

l fe

edst

ock

tria

ls t

o de

term

ine

pote

ntia

l for

yie

ld im

prov

emen

t an

d de

pend

abili

ty o

f fe

edst

ock

supp

ly

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Iden

tify

bior

efin

ers

for

targ

eted

fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

deve

lopm

ent

and

link

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

ers

to

feed

stoc

k br

oker

s to

sup

ply

bior

efin

erie

s

Ric

ha

rd,

Jaco

bso

n,

Cio

lko

sz

Iden

tify

Fede

ral,

stat

e, o

r ot

her

spec

ial i

ncen

tive

prog

ram

s

Fo

wle

r

Perf

orm

ance

est

imat

ed f

or

feed

stoc

k th

roug

h a

conv

ersi

on

proc

ess

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y,

Pra

xa

ir

4.2

Com

pare

per

form

ance

of

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

with

al

tern

ativ

e fe

edst

ock

choi

ce

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

Ha

ll,

Sk

ou

sen

, G

rush

eck

y

Iden

tify

spec

ific

alte

rnat

ives

for

re

duci

ng p

rodu

ctio

n an

d su

pply

un

cert

aint

ies

(i.e

., c

ontr

acts

and

lo

an g

uara

ntee

s)

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Th

om

chic

k

Dev

elop

con

serv

atio

n pl

an t

o ad

dres

s re

sour

ce c

once

rns

for

a fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Det

erm

ine

conv

ersi

on e

ffic

ienc

y an

d un

ique

eff

ects

on

fuel

pr

oper

ties

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n E

ne

rgy

4.3

Impl

emen

t ag

ricu

ltura

l ext

ensi

on

and

educ

atio

n pr

ogra

ms

to

prom

ote

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Ex

ten

sio

n T

ea

mM

urp

hy

, S

cha

ufl

er

Impl

emen

t ed

ucat

ion

prog

ram

s to

est

ablis

h in

tere

st in

pr

oduc

tion

and

dem

and

for

feed

stoc

k pu

rcha

se

Ex

ten

sio

n t

ea

mE

du

cati

on

Te

am

Dra

ft N

EPA

(EA

or

EIS

) an

d ot

her

requ

ired

per

mitt

ing

docu

men

ts

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Co-

prod

uct

prod

uctio

n an

d ut

iliza

tion

perf

orm

ance

es

timat

ed

Re

nm

ati

xR

ich

ard

5.1

Def

ine

rang

e of

ada

ptat

ion

for

feed

stoc

k an

d id

entif

y pr

oduc

tion

unce

rtai

ntie

s

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,K

em

an

ian

, W

oo

db

ury

Dev

elop

and

ref

ine

post

-har

vest

lo

gist

ics

and

stor

age

Cio

lko

sz,

Mu

rph

y,

Ric

ha

rd,

Sch

au

fle

r

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns s

ubm

itted

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

5.2

Con

duct

on-

farm

, fie

ld-s

cale

pr

oduc

tion

cost

tri

als

and

asse

ss

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Ass

ess

max

imum

mar

ket

pote

ntia

l for

fee

dsto

ck a

nd

copr

oduc

ts

Jaco

bso

n,

Ric

ha

rd,

Ca

ffe

rty

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns a

ppro

ved

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

5.3

Esta

blis

h pa

rtia

l bud

get

cost

s an

d re

turn

Jaco

bso

n,

Wo

od

bu

ry

Eval

uate

was

te d

ispo

sal a

nd

othe

r co

sts

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Prep

are

and

subm

it se

rvic

e pr

ogra

m a

pplic

atio

ns

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

5.4

Esta

blis

h pr

ice

poin

ts f

or

feed

stoc

k m

arke

t co

mpe

titiv

enes

s w

ith c

ompe

ting

land

use

s

Jaco

bso

n

Dev

elop

fee

dsto

ck o

ffta

ke

optio

ns a

nd p

athw

ays

to

real

izin

g m

arke

t po

tent

ial

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Ser

vice

pro

gram

app

licat

ions

ap

prov

ed a

nd p

aym

ents

re

ceiv

ed

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

7Fe

edst

ock

Ava

ilabi

lity

Com

mer

cial

-sca

le p

rodu

ctio

n an

d fe

edst

ock

deliv

ery

to

conv

ersi

on f

acili

ty -

pay

men

ts

mad

e fo

r fe

edst

ock

Lan

gh

olt

z, J

ian

g

Util

ize

risk

man

agem

ent

tool

s to

re

duce

unc

erta

inty

of

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

Con

tinue

ser

vice

pro

gram

pa

rtic

ipat

ion

as n

eede

d

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

8C

omm

erci

aliz

atio

n

On-

goin

g m

onito

ring

and

re

sear

ch t

o im

prov

e pr

oduc

tion

syst

em p

erfo

rman

ce w

hile

m

anag

ing

mul

tiple

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Mar

ket

esta

blis

hed

- m

ake

nece

ssar

y ad

just

men

ts t

o th

e su

pply

cha

in a

s th

e fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

evol

ves

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Mai

ntai

n re

gula

tory

com

plia

nce

and

mak

e ad

just

men

ts a

s ne

eded

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

9S

usta

inab

le F

eeds

tock

Pr

oduc

tion

Cap

acity

Es

tabl

ishe

d

Full

arra

y of

pri

vate

ser

vice

s su

ppor

t fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n se

ctor

- u

nder

stan

ding

of

feed

stoc

k se

ctor

evo

lves

- m

ake

adju

stm

ents

as

com

mer

cial

-sc

ale

biof

uel p

rodu

ctio

n ex

pand

s

Mar

ket

func

tions

to

supp

ort

sust

aina

ble

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Fede

ral,

stat

e, a

nd p

riva

te

prog

ram

s fu

nctio

n w

ith m

inim

al

disr

uptio

n fr

om u

nint

ende

d

econ

omic

, en

viro

nmen

tal o

r so

cial

con

sequ

ence

s

Preliminary Feedstock EvaluationF

ee

dst

ock

Re

ad

ine

ss L

ev

el

(FS

RL)

FS

RL

Co

mp

on

en

ts w

ith

To

llg

ate

s

Test

fee

dsto

ck q

ualit

y fo

r sp

ecifi

c co

nver

sion

tec

hnol

ogy

DiM

arc

o,

Bo

ate

ng

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

, R

en

ma

tix

1B

asic

Pri

ncip

les

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l fee

dsto

ck f

or a

sp

ecifi

c co

nver

sion

tec

hnol

ogy

Ric

ha

rd

Iden

tify

curr

ent

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

ers,

fee

dsto

cks

and

copr

oduc

t us

ers,

and

was

tes

Ric

ha

rd,

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

T

ho

mch

ick

Iden

tify

regu

lato

ry r

equi

rem

ents

to

pro

duci

ng a

new

fee

dsto

ck

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l con

vers

ion

tech

nolo

gy t

o ut

ilize

fee

dsto

ck

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y,

Pra

xa

ir

Con

cept

For

mul

ated

Test

fee

dsto

ck in

con

vers

ion

proc

ess

at t

he e

xper

imen

tal

benc

h-sc

ale

DiM

arc

o,

Bo

ate

ng

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y

Prel

imin

ary

Tech

nica

l Ev

alua

tion

Feedstock Experimental Testing

Proo

f of

Con

cept

Pre-commercial Feedstock Assessment

Prod

uctio

n S

yste

m

Val

idat

ion

Pilo

t-sc

ale

test

ing

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n E

ne

rgy

, R

en

ma

tix

Sca

led-

com

mer

cial

tes

ting

6.1

Full-

Sca

le P

rodu

ctio

n In

itiat

ion

Esta

blis

h so

urce

mat

eria

l nu

rser

ies

and

begi

n fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n sc

ale-

up p

roce

ss

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Anc

illar

y se

rvic

e pr

ovid

ers

appl

y kn

owle

dge

gain

ed t

o ad

vise

pr

oduc

ers

and

othe

r su

pply

ch

ain

part

icip

ants

Ne

w H

oll

an

dA

lote

rra

En

erg

yA

ll re

gula

tory

com

plia

nce

is

com

plet

e

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Perf

orm

ance

con

firm

ed f

or

feed

stoc

k co

nver

sion

and

eff

ects

on

fue

l pro

pert

ies,

eng

ines

, an

d co

mpo

nent

s

6.2

Prod

uce

feed

stoc

k pl

antin

g m

ater

ials

to

mee

t de

man

d

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy

Det

erm

ine

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

capa

city

whe

n lin

ked

to m

arke

t ou

tlets

- p

rice

and

qua

ntity

Alo

terr

a E

ne

rgy


Sus

tain

able

ful

l-sc

ale

prod

uctio

n of

bio

fuel

and

co-

prod

ucts


Act

ivit

yS

cale

De

scri

pti

on

(1)

Pro

du

ctio

n(2

) M

ark

et

(3)

Po

licy

- P

rog

ram

Su

pp

ort

a

nd

Re

gu

lato

ry C

om

pli

an

ce(4

) Li

nk

ag

e t

o C

on

ve

rsio

n

Pro

cess

2.1

Estim

ate

likel

y ra

nge

of

prod

uctio

n en

viro

nmen

ts a

nd

com

petin

g la

nd u

ses

Wa

ng

, G

rush

eck

y,

Sk

ou

sen

, H

all

, B

on

os,

Via

nd

s, C

arl

son

, K

em

an

ian

, W

oo

db

ury

Ass

ess

feed

stoc

k m

arke

t al

tern

ativ

es

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

Ric

ha

rd,

Th

om

chic

k,

Wa

ng

Eval

uate

fee

dsto

ck f

or

com

plia

nce

with

reg

ulat

ory

requ

irem

ents

for

like

ly

prod

uctio

n en

viro

nmen

ts

Wa

ng

2.2

Iden

tify

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

co

mpo

nent

s

Wa

ng

, M

urp

hy

, S

cha

ufl

er

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l cop

rodu

cts

Ric

ha

rd,

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

T

ho

mch

ick

, W

an

g

Estim

ate

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

m

ultip

le r

esou

rces

con

cern

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Wa

ng

, W

oo

db

ury

, K

em

an

ian

2.3

Dev

elop

ent

erpr

ise

budg

et f

or

pote

ntia

l fee

dsto

ck

Jaco

bso

n

Iden

tify

was

te d

ispo

sal

requ

irem

ents

Ric

ha

rd

Form

ulat

e a

plan

incl

udin

g be

st

prac

tices

to

addr

ess

regu

lato

ry

requ

irem

ents

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

2.4

Iden

tify

poss

ible

con

sequ

ence

s of

exp

ande

d pr

oduc

tion,

ar

ticul

ate

resp

onse

s to

tra

de-

off's

Jaco

bso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Iden

tify

harv

est

tech

niqu

es,

post

-ha

rves

t co

llect

ion,

tr

ansp

orta

tion,

and

sto

rage

lo

gist

ic o

ptio

ns

Wa

ng

, V

olk

Com

ply

with

any

fee

dsto

ck p

re-

impo

rtat

ion

regu

latio

ns

3.1

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

feed

stoc

k yi

eld

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Bo

no

s, V

ian

ds,

Ca

rlso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Estim

ate

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

cost

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Wa

ng

Det

erm

ine

pote

ntia

l for

soc

ieta

l re

sist

ance

to

use

of t

he

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

Jaco

bso

n,

Se

lfa

, V

olk

3.2

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

biof

uel c

onve

rsio

n po

tent

ial

Bo

no

s, B

oa

ten

g,

Via

nd

s

Eval

uate

cur

rent

and

alte

rnat

ive

futu

re s

cena

rios

for

est

ablis

hing

a

feed

stoc

k se

ctor

- f

easi

bilit

y st

udy

Jaco

bso

n,

Wa

ng

Form

ulat

e a

plan

to

addr

ess

soci

etal

con

cern

s

Se

lfa

, Ja

cob

son

, V

olk

4.1

Perf

orm

coo

rdin

ated

reg

iona

l fe

edst

ock

tria

ls t

o de

term

ine

pote

ntia

l for

yie

ld im

prov

emen

t an

d de

pend

abili

ty o

f fe

edst

ock

supp

ly

Bo

no

s, G

rush

eck

y,

Sk

ou

sen

, H

all

, V

ian

ds,

Ca

rlso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Vo

lk

Iden

tify

bior

efin

ers

for

targ

eted

fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

deve

lopm

ent

and

link

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

ers

to

feed

stoc

k br

oker

s to

sup

ply

bior

efin

erie

s

Iden

tify

Fede

ral,

stat

e, o

r ot

her

spec

ial i

ncen

tive

prog

ram

s

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Perf

orm

ance

est

imat

ed f

or

feed

stoc

k th

roug

h a

conv

ersi

on

proc

ess

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y,

Pra

xa

ir

4.2

Com

pare

per

form

ance

of

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

with

al

tern

ativ

e fe

edst

ock

choi

ce

Bo

no

s, W

urz

ba

che

r, H

all

, S

ko

use

n,

Gru

she

cky

Iden

tify

spec

ific

alte

rnat

ives

for

re

duci

ng p

rodu

ctio

n an

d su

pply

un

cert

aint

ies

(i.e

., c

ontr

acts

and

lo

an g

uara

ntee

s)

Dev

elop

con

serv

atio

n pl

an t

o ad

dres

s re

sour

ce c

once

rns

for

a fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Det

erm

ine

conv

ersi

on e

ffic

ienc

y an

d un

ique

eff

ects

on

fuel

pr

oper

ties

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n E

ne

rgy

4.3

Impl

emen

t ag

ricu

ltura

l ext

ensi

on

and

educ

atio

n pr

ogra

ms

to

prom

ote

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Ex

ten

sio

n T

ea

mM

urp

hy

, S

cha

ufl

er

Impl

emen

t ed

ucat

ion

prog

ram

s to

est

ablis

h in

tere

st in

pr

oduc

tion

and

dem

and

for

feed

stoc

k pu

rcha

se

Ex

ten

sio

n t

ea

mE

du

cati

on

Te

am

Dra

ft N

EPA

(EA

or

EIS

) an

d ot

her

requ

ired

per

mitt

ing

docu

men

ts

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Co-

prod

uct

prod

uctio

n an

d ut

iliza

tion

perf

orm

ance

es

timat

ed

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Re

nm

ati

xR

ich

ard

5.1

Def

ine

rang

e of

ada

ptat

ion

for

feed

stoc

k an

d id

entif

y pr

oduc

tion

unce

rtai

ntie

s

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Bo

no

s, V

ian

ds,

Ca

rlso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Wo

od

bu

ry

Dev

elop

and

ref

ine

post

-har

vest

lo

gist

ics

and

stor

age

Cio

lko

sz,

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns s

ubm

itted

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

5.2

Con

duct

on-

farm

, fie

ld-s

cale

pr

oduc

tion

cost

tri

als

and

asse

ss

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Gru

she

cky

, S

ko

use

n,

Ha

ll,

Bo

no

s, V

ian

ds,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Ass

ess

max

imum

mar

ket

pote

ntia

l for

fee

dsto

ck a

nd

copr

oduc

ts

Jaco

bso

n,

Ric

ha

rd,

Ca

ffe

rty

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns a

ppro

ved

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

5.3

Esta

blis

h pa

rtia

l bud

get

cost

s an

d re

turn

Jaco

bso

n,

Wo

od

bu

ry

Eval

uate

was

te d

ispo

sal a

nd

othe

r co

sts

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Prep

are

and

subm

it se

rvic

e pr

ogra

m a

pplic

atio

ns

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

5.4

Esta

blis

h pr

ice

poin

ts f

or

feed

stoc

k m

arke

t co

mpe

titiv

enes

s w

ith c

ompe

ting

land

use

s

Jaco

bso

n

Dev

elop

fee

dsto

ck o

ffta

ke

optio

ns a

nd p

athw

ays

to

real

izin

g m

arke

t po

tent

ial

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Ser

vice

pro

gram

app

licat

ions

ap

prov

ed a

nd p

aym

ents

re

ceiv

ed

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

7Fe

edst

ock

Ava

ilabi

lity

Com

mer

cial

-sca

le p

rodu

ctio

n an

d fe

edst

ock

deliv

ery

to

conv

ersi

on f

acili

ty -

pay

men

ts

mad

e fo

r fe

edst

ock

Lan

gh

olt

z, J

ian

gE

rnst

Co

nse

rva

tio

n

Util

ize

risk

man

agem

ent

tool

s to

re

duce

unc

erta

inty

of

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

Con

tinue

ser

vice

pro

gram

pa

rtic

ipat

ion

as n

eede

d

NR

CS

-Do

stie

8C

omm

erci

aliz

atio

n

On-

goin

g m

onito

ring

and

re

sear

ch t

o im

prov

e pr

oduc

tion

syst

em p

erfo

rman

ce w

hile

m

anag

ing

mul

tiple

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Mar

ket

esta

blis

hed

- m

ake

nece

ssar

y ad

just

men

ts t

o th

e su

pply

cha

in a

s th

e fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

evol

ves

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Mai

ntai

n re

gula

tory

com

plia

nce

and

mak

e ad

just

men

ts a

s ne

eded

NR

CS

-Do

stie

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

9S

usta

inab

le F

eeds

tock

Pr

oduc

tion

Cap

acity

Es

tabl

ishe

d

Full

arra

y of

pri

vate

ser

vice

s su

ppor

t fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n se

ctor

- u

nder

stan

ding

of

feed

stoc

k se

ctor

evo

lves

- m

ake

adju

stm

ents

as

com

mer

cial

-sc

ale

biof

uel p

rodu

ctio

n ex

pand

s

Mar

ket

func

tions

to

supp

ort

sust

aina

ble

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Fede

ral,

stat

e, a

nd p

riva

te

prog

ram

s fu

nctio

n w

ith m

inim

al

disr

uptio

n fr

om u

nint

ende

d

econ

omic

, en

viro

nmen

tal o

r so

cial

con

sequ

ence

s

Det

erm

ine

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

capa

city

whe

n lin

ked

to m

arke

t ou

tlets

- p

rice

and

qua

ntity

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on


Sus

tain

able

ful

l-sc

ale

prod

uctio

n of

bio

fuel

and

co-

prod

ucts


Prod

uctio

n S

yste

m

Val

idat

ion

Pilo

t-sc

ale

test

ing

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n E

ne

rgy

, R

en

ma

tix

Sca

led-

com

mer

cial

tes

ting

Each

con

vers

ion

stak

ehol

der

is

addr

essi

ng t

his

inde

pend

ently

6.1

Full-

Sca

le P

rodu

ctio

n In

itiat

ion

Esta

blis

h so

urce

mat

eria

l nu

rser

ies

and

begi

n fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n sc

ale-

up p

roce

ss

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Bo

no

s, V

ian

ds

Anc

illar

y se

rvic

e pr

ovid

ers

appl

y kn

owle

dge

gain

ed t

o ad

vise

pr

oduc

ers

and

othe

r su

pply

ch

ain

part

icip

ants

Ne

w H

oll

an

dA

ll re

gula

tory

com

plia

nce

is

com

plet

e

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Perf

orm

ance

con

firm

ed f

or

feed

stoc

k co

nver

sion

and

eff

ects

on

fue

l pro

pert

ies,

eng

ines

, an

d co

mpo

nent

s

Each

con

vers

ion

stak

ehol

der

is

addr

essi

ng t

his

inde

pend

ently

6.2

Prod

uce

feed

stoc

k pl

antin

g m

ater

ials

to

mee

t de

man

d

Ern

st C

on

serv

ati

on

Test

fee

dsto

ck in

con

vers

ion

proc

ess

at t

he e

xper

imen

tal

benc

h-sc

ale

DiM

arc

o,

Bo

ate

ng

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y

Prel

imin

ary

Tech

nica

l Ev

alua

tion


Proo

f of

Con

cept

Test

fee

dsto

ck q

ualit

y fo

r sp

ecifi

c co

nver

sion

tec

hnol

ogy

DiM

arc

o,

Bo

ate

ng

Re

nm

ati

x

1B

asic

Pri

ncip

les

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l fee

dsto

ck f

or a

sp

ecifi

c co

nver

sion

tec

hnol

ogy

Ric

ha

rd

Iden

tify

curr

ent

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

ers,

fee

dsto

cks

and

copr

oduc

t us

ers,

and

was

tes

Ric

ha

rd,

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

T

ho

mch

ick

, V

olk

, W

an

g

Iden

tify

regu

lato

ry r

equi

rem

ents

to

pro

duci

ng a

new

fee

dsto

ck

Vo

lk,

Wa

ng

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l con

vers

ion

tech

nolo

gy t

o ut

ilize

fee

dsto

ck

Re

nm

ati

x,

Pri

mu

s G

ree

n

En

erg

y,

Pra

xa

ir

Con

cept

For

mul

ated

Fe

ed

sto

ck R

ea

din

ess

Le

ve

l (F

SR

L)F

SR

L C

om

po

ne

nts

wit

h T

oll

ga

tes


Feedstock Read

iness Tool for Sw

itchgrass

Green: A

ctively Engaged


Goals


Act

ivit

yS

cale

De

scri

pti

on

(1)

Pro

du

ctio

n(2

) M

ark

et

(3)

Po

licy

- P

rog

ram

Su

pp

ort

a

nd

Re

gu

lato

ry C

om

pli

an

ce(4

) Li

nk

ag

e t

o C

on

ve

rsio

n

Pro

cess

2.1

Estim

ate

likel

y ra

nge

of

prod

uctio

n en

viro

nmen

ts a

nd

com

petin

g la

nd u

ses

Ric

ha

rd,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Ass

ess

feed

stoc

k m

arke

t al

tern

ativ

es

Ric

ha

rd

Eval

uate

fee

dsto

ck f

or

com

plia

nce

with

reg

ulat

ory

requ

irem

ents

for

like

ly

prod

uctio

n en

viro

nmen

ts

Ric

ha

rd

2.2

Iden

tify

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

co

mpo

nent

s

Ric

ha

rd,

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

Iden

tify

pote

ntia

l cop

rodu

cts

Ric

ha

rd,

Wu

rzb

ach

er,

T

ho

mch

ick

Estim

ate

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

m

ultip

le r

esou

rces

con

cern

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Ric

ha

rd

2.3

Dev

elop

ent

erpr

ise

budg

et f

or

pote

ntia

l fee

dsto

ck

Jaco

bso

n,

Ric

ha

rd

Iden

tify

was

te d

ispo

sal

requ

irem

ents

Ric

ha

rd

Form

ulat

e a

plan

incl

udin

g be

st

prac

tices

to

addr

ess

regu

lato

ry

requ

irem

ents

Ric

ha

rd,

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r

2.4

Iden

tify

poss

ible

con

sequ

ence

s of

exp

ande

d pr

oduc

tion,

ar

ticul

ate

resp

onse

s to

tra

de-

off's

Jaco

bso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Iden

tify

harv

est

tech

niqu

es,

post

-ha

rves

t co

llect

ion,

tr

ansp

orta

tion,

and

sto

rage

lo

gist

ic o

ptio

ns

Wa

ng

, R

ich

ard

Com

ply

with

any

fee

dsto

ck p

re-

impo

rtat

ion

regu

latio

ns

Ric

ha

rd

3.1

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

feed

stoc

k yi

eld

Ric

ha

rd

Estim

ate

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

cost

s

Ric

ha

rd

Det

erm

ine

pote

ntia

l for

soc

ieta

l re

sist

ance

to

use

of t

he

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

Jaco

bso

n,

Se

lfa

, V

olk

3.2

Scr

een

cand

idat

e ge

netic

re

sour

ces

for

biof

uel c

onve

rsio

n po

tent

ial

Ric

ha

rdM

asc

om

a

Eval

uate

cur

rent

and

alte

rnat

ive

futu

re s

cena

rios

for

est

ablis

hing

a

feed

stoc

k se

ctor

- f

easi

bilit

y st

udy

Jaco

bso

n,

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Wa

ng

Form

ulat

e a

plan

to

addr

ess

soci

etal

con

cern

s

Se

lfa

, Ja

cob

son

, V

olk

4.1

Perf

orm

coo

rdin

ated

reg

iona

l fe

edst

ock

tria

ls t

o de

term

ine

pote

ntia

l for

yie

ld im

prov

emen

t an

d de

pend

abili

ty o

f fe

edst

ock

supp

ly

Ric

ha

rd,

Ke

ma

nia

n

Iden

tify

bior

efin

ers

for

targ

eted

fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

deve

lopm

ent

and

link

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

ers

to

feed

stoc

k br

oker

s to

sup

ply

bior

efin

erie

s

Ric

ha

rdM

asc

om

a

Iden

tify

Fede

ral,

stat

e, o

r ot

her

spec

ial i

ncen

tive

prog

ram

s

Ric

ha

rd,

Fo

wle

r

Perf

orm

ance

est

imat

ed f

or

feed

stoc

k th

roug

h a

conv

ersi

on

proc

ess

Ma

sco

ma

4.2

Com

pare

per

form

ance

of

cand

idat

e fe

edst

ock

with

al

tern

ativ

e fe

edst

ock

choi

ce

Ric

ha

rdM

asc

om

a

Iden

tify

spec

ific

alte

rnat

ives

for

re

duci

ng p

rodu

ctio

n an

d su

pply

un

cert

aint

ies

(i.e

., c

ontr

acts

and

lo

an g

uara

ntee

s)

Dev

elop

con

serv

atio

n pl

an t

o ad

dres

s re

sour

ce c

once

rns

for

a fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n sy

stem

Det

erm

ine

conv

ersi

on e

ffic

ienc

y an

d un

ique

eff

ects

on

fuel

pr

oper

ties

Ma

sco

ma

4.3

Impl

emen

t ag

ricu

ltura

l ext

ensi

on

and

educ

atio

n pr

ogra

ms

to

prom

ote

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Ex

ten

sio

n T

ea

mM

urp

hy

, S

cha

ufl

er

Impl

emen

t ed

ucat

ion

prog

ram

s to

est

ablis

h in

tere

st in

pr

oduc

tion

and

dem

and

for

feed

stoc

k pu

rcha

se

Ex

ten

sio

n t

ea

mE

du

cati

on

Te

am

Dra

ft N

EPA

(EA

or

EIS

) an

d ot

her

requ

ired

per

mitt

ing

docu

men

tsC

o-pr

oduc

t pr

oduc

tion

and

utili

zatio

n pe

rfor

man

ce

estim

ated

5.1

Def

ine

rang

e of

ada

ptat

ion

for

feed

stoc

k an

d id

entif

y pr

oduc

tion

unce

rtai

ntie

s

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Ric

ha

rd

Dev

elop

and

ref

ine

post

-har

vest

lo

gist

ics

and

stor

age

Ric

ha

rd,

Mu

rph

y,

Sch

au

fle

r,

Wa

ng

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns s

ubm

itted

NR

CS

-Do

stie

5.2

Con

duct

on-

farm

, fie

ld-s

cale

pr

oduc

tion

cost

tri

als

and

asse

ss

prod

uctio

n im

pact

s on

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Ke

ma

nia

n,

Ric

ha

rd

Ass

ess

max

imum

mar

ket

pote

ntia

l for

fee

dsto

ck a

nd

copr

oduc

ts

Ric

ha

rdM

asc

om

a

NEP

A d

ocum

ents

, co

nser

vatio

n pl

an,

and

othe

r re

quir

ed p

erm

it ap

plic

atio

ns a

ppro

ved

NR

CS

-Do

stie

5.3

Esta

blis

h pa

rtia

l bud

get

cost

s an

d re

turn

Jaco

bso

n,

Ric

ha

rd

Eval

uate

was

te d

ispo

sal a

nd

othe

r co

sts

Ric

ha

rdM

asc

om

a

Prep

are

and

subm

it se

rvic

e pr

ogra

m a

pplic

atio

ns

NR

CS

-Do

stie

5.4

Esta

blis

h pr

ice

poin

ts f

or

feed

stoc

k m

arke

t co

mpe

titiv

enes

s w

ith c

ompe

ting

land

use

s

Jaco

bso

n,

Ric

ha

rd

Dev

elop

fee

dsto

ck o

ffta

ke

optio

ns a

nd p

athw

ays

to

real

izin

g m

arke

t po

tent

ial

Ric

ha

rdM

asc

om

a

Ser

vice

pro

gram

app

licat

ions

ap

prov

ed a

nd p

aym

ents

re

ceiv

ed

NR

CS

-Do

stie

Prod

uce

feed

stoc

k pl

antin

g m

ater

ials

to

mee

t de

man

dD

eter

min

e fe

edst

ock

prod

uctio

n ca

paci

ty w

hen

linke

d to

mar

ket

outle

ts -

pri

ce a

nd q

uant

ity

7Fe

edst

ock

Ava

ilabi

lity

Com

mer

cial

-sca

le p

rodu

ctio

n an

d fe

edst

ock

deliv

ery

to

conv

ersi

on f

acili

ty -

pay

men

ts

mad

e fo

r fe

edst

ock

Util

ize

risk

man

agem

ent

tool

s to

re

duce

unc

erta

inty

of

feed

stoc

k pr

oduc

tion

Con

tinue

ser

vice

pro

gram

pa

rtic

ipat

ion

as n

eede

d

8C

omm

erci

aliz

atio

n

On-

goin

g m

onito

ring

and

re

sear

ch t

o im

prov

e pr

oduc

tion

syst

em p

erfo

rman

ce w

hile

m

anag

ing

mul

tiple

res

ourc

e co

ncer

ns

Mar

ket

esta

blis

hed

- m

ake

nece

ssar

y ad

just

men

ts t

o th

e su

pply

cha

in a

s th

e fe

edst

ock

mar

ket

evol

ves

Mai

ntai

n re

gula

tory

com

plia

nce

and

mak

e ad

just

men

ts a

s ne

eded

9S

usta

inab

le F

eeds

tock

Pr

oduc

tion

Cap

acity

Es

tabl

ishe

d

Full

arra

y of

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Feedstock Read

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Green: A

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Goals

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discriminiation in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Many materials can be made available in alternative formats for ADA clients. To

file a complaint of discriminiation, write USDA, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326‐W, Whitten Building, 14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250‐9410 or call 202‐720‐5964.

www.newbio.psu.edu

Tom L. Richard NEWBio Project Director

Director, Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Environment 100 Land & Water Research Building

The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802

814‐863‐0291 [email protected]

Timothy A. Volk

NEWBio Associate Project Director Co‐Director, SUNY Center for Sustainable and Renewable Energy

346 Illick Hall, 1 Forestry Drive SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Syracuse, NY 13210 215‐470‐6774

[email protected]

Barbara B. Kinne NEWBio Project manager

Penn State Institutes of Energy and the Enviornment 118 Land and Water Research Building

The Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802

814‐865‐1585 [email protected]

NEWBio’s vision is to build robust, scalable and sustainable value chains

for biomass energy in the Northeast United States.

Northeast Woody/ Warm-Season Biomass Consortium Quarterly... · 9/30/2014 · Northeast Woody/...

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