HEALTH AGENCIESHEALTH AGENCIESNGO’S NGO’S

ROLES AND ROLES AND FUNCTIONFUNCTION

Ms.Papri DasMs.Papri DasAssistant Professor, M.Sc Nursing Assistant Professor, M.Sc Nursing (Community Health Nursing)(Community Health Nursing)Peerless College of Nursing, Peerless College of Nursing, KolkataKolkata

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

To know the various voluntary health To know the various voluntary health

agency.agency.

To know its establishment and function.To know its establishment and function.

To recognize the need of nurses to have To recognize the need of nurses to have

knowledge of various health agency. knowledge of various health agency.

TERMINOLOGYTERMINOLOGY

UN: United NationUN: United Nation WHO: World Health OrganizationWHO: World Health Organization UNICEF: United Nation International UNICEF: United Nation International

Children Emergency FundChildren Emergency Fund VHG: Voluntary Health GuidesVHG: Voluntary Health Guides BSS: Bharat Sevak SamajBSS: Bharat Sevak Samaj

UNESCO: United Nations educational, UNESCO: United Nations educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.Scientific and Cultural Organization.

SEARO: South East Asian Region SEARO: South East Asian Region OrganizationOrganization

MCH: Mother and Child health MCH: Mother and Child health FAO: Food and Agricultural organizationFAO: Food and Agricultural organization

DEFINITIONDEFINITION

A voluntary health agency may be defined A voluntary health agency may be defined as organization that is administered by an as organization that is administered by an autonomous board which is directed autonomous board which is directed primarily to furthering the public health by primarily to furthering the public health by providing health services or health providing health services or health education or by advancing research.education or by advancing research.

In 1945, it was estimated that 20,000 In 1945, it was estimated that 20,000 voluntary agencies in United States.voluntary agencies in United States.

The voluntary health agencies are The voluntary health agencies are compared to “motor trucks” which can compared to “motor trucks” which can penetrate the by- ways, and the official penetrate the by- ways, and the official agencies to “Railway Trunk Lines” which agencies to “Railway Trunk Lines” which must run on tracks established by law.must run on tracks established by law.

Definition of traditional charitiesDefinition of traditional charities

BEGININGBEGINING

FUNCTIONFUNCTIONa)a) Supplementing the work of government Supplementing the work of government

agencies.agencies.b)b) Pioneering.Pioneering.c)c) Education.Education.d)d) Demonstration.Demonstration.e)e) Guarding the work of Governmental Guarding the work of Governmental

agencies.agencies.f)f) Advancing health legislation.Advancing health legislation.

VOLUNTARY HEALTH AGENCIESVOLUNTARY HEALTH AGENCIES

Gupta periodGupta period

Mughal period Mughal period

British periodBritish period

Post independence periodPost independence period

FUNCTION FUNCTION 1.1. Direct service to individualDirect service to individual2.2. Support through grantsSupport through grants3.3. Training and supervisionTraining and supervision4.4. Preparation and dissemination of public Preparation and dissemination of public

information materialsinformation materials5.5. Advancing health legislationAdvancing health legislation6.6. Supplementing the work of official Supplementing the work of official

agenciesagencies

INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETYINDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY

Established in 1920 at present has a Established in 1920 at present has a network of 400 branches all over network of 400 branches all over India.India.

Activities:Activities:

Relief workRelief work Milk and Medical suppliesMilk and Medical supplies Armed forcesArmed forces Maternal and child welfare servicesMaternal and child welfare services

Family PlanningFamily Planning Blood Bank and first aidBlood Bank and first aid

HIND KUSHT NIVARAN SANGHHIND KUSHT NIVARAN SANGH

It was founded in 1950 with its It was founded in 1950 with its

headquarters in New- Delhi.headquarters in New- Delhi. Its precursor was the Indian Council of the Its precursor was the Indian Council of the

British Empire Leprosy Relief Association British Empire Leprosy Relief Association

(B.R.L.R.A).(B.R.L.R.A).

ActivitiesActivities It render financial assistance to leprosy It render financial assistance to leprosy

homes and clinics.homes and clinics.

Provide health educationProvide health education

Training of medical workers, PhysiologistTraining of medical workers, Physiologist ResearchResearch

THROUGH PUBLICATIONS POSTERS

INDIAN COUNCIL FOR CHILD INDIAN COUNCIL FOR CHILD WELFAREWELFARE

Established in 1952Established in 1952

Affiliated with International Union for child Affiliated with International Union for child

welfarewelfare

ICCW has built up network of councils and ICCW has built up network of councils and

district council all over Indiadistrict council all over India

ActivitiesActivities

Opportunities and facilities by law and Opportunities and facilities by law and other meansother means

TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIATION TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIATION OF INDIAOF INDIA

Established in 1939 Established in 1939Activities:Raising fundTraining of Doctors, health Visitors and Social workersPromotion of health education Promotion of Consultations and conferences

BHARAT SEVAK SAMAJBHARAT SEVAK SAMAJ Formed in 1952Formed in 1952

Objective:Objective: To helpTo help people to achieve health by people to achieve health by

their own actions and efforts.their own actions and efforts.

CENTRAL SOCIAL WELFARE CENTRAL SOCIAL WELFARE BOARDS BOARDS

Formed in August 1953Formed in August 1953

FUNCTION OF BOARDFUNCTION OF BOARD Surveying the needs and requirements of Surveying the needs and requirements of

voluntary welfare organization.voluntary welfare organization. Promoting and setting up of social welfare Promoting and setting up of social welfare

organization on a voluntary basis.organization on a voluntary basis. Rendering financial aid to deserving Rendering financial aid to deserving

existing organizations. existing organizations.

ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES

Teaching of craftTeaching of craft Literacy classesLiteracy classes Distribution of milkDistribution of milk BalwadisBalwadis Play centre for childrenPlay centre for children

KUSTURBA MEMORIAL FUNDKUSTURBA MEMORIAL FUND

Created on 1944 Created on 1944

to improve the to improve the

women status women status

specially in the specially in the villages through villages through

gram sevikas.gram sevikas.

PLANNING ASSOCIATION PLANNING ASSOCIATION

OF INDIAOF INDIA Formed in 1949 with its headquarters at Formed in 1949 with its headquarters at

Mumbai.Mumbai.

Activities:Activities: Its run family planning clinics with grant-in-Its run family planning clinics with grant-in-

aid from the government.aid from the government. Trained doctors, health visitor and social Trained doctors, health visitor and social

workers.workers.

ALL INDIA WOMEN’S ALL INDIA WOMEN’S CONFERENCECONFERENCE

It is only women voluntary organization It is only women voluntary organization Established in1926, have branches all Established in1926, have branches all

over Indiaover India It runs M.C.H clinics, Medical centres, It runs M.C.H clinics, Medical centres,

Adult education centres, Milk centres and Adult education centres, Milk centres and Family planning centres.Family planning centres.

ALL INDIA BLIND RELIEF ALL INDIA BLIND RELIEF SOCIETYSOCIETY

Established in 1946 to coordinate different Established in 1946 to coordinate different

institution working for blind.institution working for blind.

It organize eye camps and other measure It organize eye camps and other measure

for relief of blind. for relief of blind.

PROFESSIONAL BODIESPROFESSIONAL BODIES

Indian Medical AssociationIndian Medical Association

Indian Dental AssociationIndian Dental Association

Trained Nurses Association of India Trained Nurses Association of India

Theme of International Nurses DayTheme of International Nurses Day

2009 2009 Delivering quality, Serving Communities Delivering quality, Serving Communities

Nurses leading Care InnovationsNurses leading Care Innovations 2010 2010 Delivering quality, Serving Communities Delivering quality, Serving Communities

Nurses leading Chronic Care Nurses leading Chronic Care

INTERNATIONAL HEALTHINTERNATIONAL HEALTH

Nothing on earth is more international than Nothing on earth is more international than

disease.disease.

By Paul RusselBy Paul Russel

First International Sanitary First International Sanitary Conference in 1851 convened in Conference in 1851 convened in

ParisParis

OBJECTIVE:OBJECTIVE:To introduce some order and To introduce some order and

uniformity into quarantine measures uniformity into quarantine measures which varied from country to which varied from country to country.country.

PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU

19021902 HEALTH ORGANIZATION OF THE HEALTH ORGANIZATION OF THE

LEAGUE OF NATIONS (1914-18)LEAGUE OF NATIONS (1914-18) UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND

REHABILATION ADMINISTRATION REHABILATION ADMINISTRATION

(1943)(1943)

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATIONWORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION Born on 7Born on 7thth April 1948 celebrated as . April 1948 celebrated as . Theme of the year 2009 is Theme of the year 2009 is Save lives. Make hospitals safe in Save lives. Make hospitals safe in

emergenciesemergencies Theme of the year 2010 isTheme of the year 2010 isBe part of a global movement to make Be part of a global movement to make

cities healthiercities healthier

Preamble of the constitution states:Preamble of the constitution states:

““Health is a state of complete physical, Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or merely the absence of disease or infirmity.”infirmity.”

MembershipMembership

During 1948 WHO had 56 members.During 1948 WHO had 56 members. At present 190 member states.At present 190 member states.

ActivitiesActivities

Regional Director is Regional Director is Dr Samlee from ThailandDr Samlee from Thailand

Countries areCountries are

Bangladesh, Bhutan, Democratic People's Bangladesh, Bhutan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of Republic of Korea, Democratic Republic of Korea, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Korea, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand

WHO Contribution to IndiaWHO Contribution to India

SEARO Assistance in nursing SEARO Assistance in nursing education serviceeducation service

Promotion of nurses involvement in Promotion of nurses involvement in policy makingpolicy making Planning Planning ManagementManagement

Development of nursing personnelDevelopment of nursing personnel Continuing educationContinuing education Strengthening the organization and Strengthening the organization and

management of nursing services management of nursing services

Development of Post basic graduate Development of Post basic graduate preparation of nurse leaders.preparation of nurse leaders.

Monitoring and evaluation of community Monitoring and evaluation of community oriented programme.oriented programme.

Strengthens graduate education in Strengthens graduate education in nursing.nursing.

Development of distance education Development of distance education strategies, e.g, IGNOU, New Delhi.strategies, e.g, IGNOU, New Delhi.

Monitoring and evaluation of long term Monitoring and evaluation of long term plans and promotion of quality assurance.plans and promotion of quality assurance.

Assistance in Research in Assistance in Research in NursingNursing

Organizational structureOrganizational structure

UNICEFUNICEF Established in 1946.Established in 1946. In 1953 it is renamed as “UN Children’s In 1953 it is renamed as “UN Children’s

fund”fund”

UNDP( United Nation Development UNDP( United Nation Development programme)programme)

Established in 1966Established in 1966 This give main technical assistanceThis give main technical assistance OBJECTIVE:OBJECTIVE:

To help poorer Nations develop their human To help poorer Nations develop their human and natural resourcesand natural resources

It cover every economic and social sector---It cover every economic and social sector---Agriculture, industry, education and science, Agriculture, industry, education and science,

health, social welfarehealth, social welfare

FAOFAO

INTERNATIONAL LABOUR INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATIONORGANISATION

Established in 1919Established in 1919

PurposePurpose

1.1. To contribute to the establishment of To contribute to the establishment of

lasting peace by promoting social justicelasting peace by promoting social justice

2.2. To improve through international action To improve through international action

labour condition and living standardslabour condition and living standards

3.3. To promote economic social stabilityTo promote economic social stability

WORLD BANKWORLD BANK

NON GOVERNMENTAL AND NON GOVERNMENTAL AND OTHER AGENCIESOTHER AGENCIES

Rockefeller FoundationRockefeller Foundation Founded by Mr. John D. Rockefeller in Founded by Mr. John D. Rockefeller in

1913.1913.PURPOSE:PURPOSE: To promote the well being of mankind To promote the well being of mankind

throughout the world.throughout the world.

ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES

It was active in public health and medical It was active in public health and medical

education like life sciences, social sciences, education like life sciences, social sciences,

humanities and agricultural sciences. humanities and agricultural sciences.

Started the work control of hookworm disease in Started the work control of hookworm disease in

the Madras Presidency.the Madras Presidency.

It helped in the establishment of the All India It helped in the establishment of the All India

Institute of Hygiene and Public Health at Kolkata.Institute of Hygiene and Public Health at Kolkata.

OTHER ACTIVITIESOTHER ACTIVITIES

Training of competent teachers and Training of competent teachers and research workers.research workers.

Training abroad of candidates from India Training abroad of candidates from India through fellowship and travel grants.through fellowship and travel grants.

Sponsoring of visits of a large number of Sponsoring of visits of a large number of medical specialists from the USA.medical specialists from the USA.

Providing grants in aid to selected Providing grants in aid to selected institutions.institutions.

Contd’Contd’

Development of medical college libraries.Development of medical college libraries. Assistance to research projects and Assistance to research projects and

institutions.institutions. Provides visit to countries by expert who Provides visit to countries by expert who

can offer advice on local problems and can offer advice on local problems and train the local people.train the local people.

Contd’Contd’

Contribution of Canada in supplying Contribution of Canada in supplying Cobalt therapy units to medical institutions Cobalt therapy units to medical institutions in India was an important item of aid under in India was an important item of aid under the Colombo plan.the Colombo plan.

It seek to improve living standard of the It seek to improve living standard of the people of the area by reviewing people of the area by reviewing developmental plans and coordinating developmental plans and coordinating development plan.development plan.

SWEDISH INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY(SIDA)DEVELOPMENT AGENCY(SIDA)

SIDA is assisting the National SIDA is assisting the National Tuberculosis Control Programme since Tuberculosis Control Programme since 1979.1979.

Assist in procurement of supplies like X-Assist in procurement of supplies like X-ray unit, microscope and anti-tuberculosis ray unit, microscope and anti-tuberculosis drugs.drugs.

Has also supported the DOTS under pilot Has also supported the DOTS under pilot study.study.

DANISH INTERNATIONAL DANISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT

AGENCY(DANIDA)AGENCY(DANIDA) Government of Denmark is providing Government of Denmark is providing

assistance for the development of services assistance for the development of services under National Blindness Control under National Blindness Control Programme since 1978.Programme since 1978.

Started extending their support for MCH Started extending their support for MCH programme in different parts of South programme in different parts of South India.India.

FORD FOUNDATIONFORD FOUNDATION

Another agency started as a Another agency started as a contemporary of the Rockefeller contemporary of the Rockefeller Foundations.Foundations.

ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES

Orientation training centers at Singur, Orientation training centers at Singur, Poonamalle and Najafgarh were set up.Poonamalle and Najafgarh were set up.

At Gandhigram,the foundation have done At Gandhigram,the foundation have done a pilot project in rural health services a pilot project in rural health services among 1 lakh people to develop and among 1 lakh people to develop and coordinated type of health service which coordinated type of health service which will provide a useful model for health will provide a useful model for health administrator in the country.administrator in the country.

Research cum action projects to solve Research cum action projects to solve basic problems in environmental sanitationbasic problems in environmental sanitation

It also helped in establishment of National It also helped in establishment of National Institute of health administration and Institute of health administration and education at Delhi.education at Delhi.

Contd’Contd’

It has helped in the preparation of master It has helped in the preparation of master plan for water supply, sewage and plan for water supply, sewage and drainage for the city of Calcutta.drainage for the city of Calcutta.

It is supporting research in reproductive It is supporting research in reproductive biology and in the family planning biology and in the family planning fellowship programmes.fellowship programmes.

CO OPERATIVE FOR CO OPERATIVE FOR ASSISTANCE AND RELIEF ASSISTANCE AND RELIEF

EVERYWHEREEVERYWHERE It was found in North America in 1946 in It was found in North America in 1946 in

the wake of Second World War.the wake of Second World War. World’s largest independent, on profit, on World’s largest independent, on profit, on

Sectarian International relief and Sectarian International relief and development organization.development organization.

Provides emergency aid and long term Provides emergency aid and long term development assistance. development assistance.

Contd’Contd’

From 1950 till the end of 1980,the primary From 1950 till the end of 1980,the primary objective of CARE India was to provide objective of CARE India was to provide food for children in the age group of 6-11 food for children in the age group of 6-11 years.years.

From mid 1980,CARE India focused its From mid 1980,CARE India focused its food support in the ICD programme.food support in the ICD programme.

IT HELPS IN PROJECTS LIKE:IT HELPS IN PROJECTS LIKE:

Integrated Nutrition and Health Project.Integrated Nutrition and Health Project. Better health and Nutrition Project Better health and Nutrition Project Anemia Control ProjectAnemia Control Project Improving Women’s Health ProjectImproving Women’s Health Project Improved health care for Adolescent Girl’s Improved health care for Adolescent Girl’s

Project.Project.

INTERNATIONAL RED CROSSINTERNATIONAL RED CROSS

It is a non-political non official It is a non-political non official humanitarian organization devoted to the humanitarian organization devoted to the service of mankind in peace and war.service of mankind in peace and war.

It is founded by Henry Dunant, a young It is founded by Henry Dunant, a young Bussinessman,after seeing the wounded Bussinessman,after seeing the wounded soldier of battle Solferino.soldier of battle Solferino.

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

♣ To facilitate all forms of Red cross actions To facilitate all forms of Red cross actions

for the relief of suffering humanity.for the relief of suffering humanity.

♣ To serve as a liaison in co-coordinating all To serve as a liaison in co-coordinating all

the national Red cross societies services.the national Red cross societies services.

♣ To assist and develop the National and To assist and develop the National and

International Red cross societies.International Red cross societies.

♣ To give leadership in Red cross To give leadership in Red cross activity.activity.

♣ Prevention of diseases.Prevention of diseases.♣ Mitigation of suffering.Mitigation of suffering.

Fundamental and permanent Fundamental and permanent principle of Red crossprinciple of Red cross

ImpartialityImpartiality

Equality of Red crossEquality of Red cross

Active and independent of any racial, Active and independent of any racial,

political, religious or economic political, religious or economic

considerationconsideration

Nurses roleNurses role