Non-Fire Code Intro - MetroWest Building Officials · PDF file• NFPA process and layout...

New Code Orientation for Non Code Enforcement

1/6/2015

Massachusetts Department of Fire Services 1

DEPARTMENT OF FIRE SERVICES Massachusetts Firefighting Academy

Massachusetts Comprehensive Fire Safety Code


An Introduction to The Massachusetts

Comprehensive Fire Safety Code

Presented by:

Brad Cronin, CFPS


Seminar Goal

This seminar will teach you to navigate the Massachusetts Comprehensive Fire Safety Code, locating specific requirements.


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Housekeeping

• Emergency Exits

• Fire Alarm

• Silence Cell Phones

• Restrooms

• Participation Encouraged


Seminar Outline

• Adoption process of new code

• NFPA process and layout

• MA amendments

• Navigation of documents combined


Adoption Process

• Partnership between DFS and BFPR

• Chose NFPA 1, Fire Code 2012 edition

• Made MA specific amendments

– Additions

– Deletions

– Modifications


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Adoption Process

• 7 Code Making Committees

– Took chapters of NFPA 1 and current CMRs

– Constrained by scope of MGL 148

– Various interest groups represented

– Reported findings to BFPR


Homegrown vs. Model Codes

• Previous CMRs were “homegrown”

– Negatives

• Labor intensive to create

• Need subject matter experts

• Infrequently updated

– Positives

• Address MA specific concerns

• Familiar language


Homegrown vs. Model Codes

• Model Codes

– Negatives

• Not specific to state

• Cover items not enforced in MA

– Positives

• Transparent system

• Public input

• 3 year revision cycle


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527 CMR 1

• 1.01 Title

– Massachusetts Comprehensive Fire Safety Code

– this Code

• 1.02 Purpose

– Protecting life, property and public welfare

• 1.03 Scope

– Boundaries for what is covered

• 1.04 Adoption of NFPA 1, 2012 edition

• 1.05 Modifications to NFPA 1


NFPA 1, Fire Code

• Chosen as basis for MA code

• Same layout as other NFPA documents

• Familiar definitions

• Updated referenced standards


Significant Features of NFPA 1

• Brackets [ ] – Indicate extracted material from another document – Document number followed by section – Document gets listed in Chapter 2


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NFPA 1, Fire Code

• Mandatory text

– Chapters 1‐75

– Except Chapter 4 (MA Amendment)

– Enforceable

– One requirement per section

• Non‐mandatory sections

– Annex A‐G

– Used as guidance



• Vertical bar | – New text – Modified text from previous edition – Covers entire section



• Bullet •

– Deleted section

– Previous edition had a section where bullet now exists


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Annex A


How To Use Annex A

• Above section modified in MA but contains asterisk

• If not everyone participates in the drill, does it still count?

– “ensure that all persons subject to the drill participate”

10.6.2* Drill Frequency. Emergency egress and relocation drills, where required by Chapter 20 of this Code shall be held with sufficient frequency to familiarize occupants with the drill procedure and to establish conduct of the drill as a matter of routine. Drills shall include suitable procedures to ensure that all persons subject to the drill participate.


How To Use Annex A

• Annex material clarifies statement in the code

– “ensure that all persons subject to the drill participate”

A.10.6.2 If an emergency egress and relocation drill is considered merely as a routine exercise from which some persons are allowed to be excused, there is a grave danger that, in an actual emergency, the evacuation and relocation will not be successful. However, there might be circumstances under which all occupants do not participate in an emergency egress and relocation drill, for example, infirm or bedridden patients in a health care occupancy. [101: A.4.7.2]


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Asterisks – Don’t Be Confused


NFPA Document Information


Department of Fire Services

• DFS Advisories

• Crosswalk Document

• Training Info

• Contact Info


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Layout of NFPA 1

• Part I Administrative

• Part II General Fire Safety

• Part III Occupancy

• Part IV Processes

• Part V Equipment

• Part VI Hazardous Materials


Chapters Deleted by Massachusetts

• Chapter 6 Classification of Occupancy

• Chapter 15 Fire Department Service Delivery Concurrency Evaluation

• Chapter 17 Wildland Urban Interface

• Chapter 21 Airports and Heliports

• Chapter 25 Grandstands and Bleachers, Folding and Telescopic Seating, Tents, and Membrane Structures

• Chapter 26 Laboratories Using Chemicals

• Chapter 27 Manufactured Home and Recreational Vehicle Sites


Chapters Deleted by Massachusetts

• Chapter 29 Parking Garages

• Chapter 33 Outside Storage of Tires

• Chapter 35 Animal Housing Facilities

• Chapter 36 Telecommunication Facilities and Information Technology Equipment

• Chapter 37 Fixed Guideway Transit and Passenger Rail Systems

• Chapter 44 Solvent Extraction

• Chapter 54 Ozone Gas–Generating Equipment


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Part 1

Administrative

Chapters 1‐9


Chapter 1 – Administration

• Deleted all of NFPA 1 and replaced with MA amendments

• Applies to new and existing


New vs. Existing

• Effective date of 1/1/2015

– Permitted after needs to meet requirements for new

– In existence or permitted before meets requirements for existing, unless

• Change in occupancy

• Imminent danger


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• Previously approved installations DO NOT have to meet current installation standards

– Need to be properly maintained and perform as intended

– Need permit from AHJ to remove

• How to handle conflicts with other regulations when they occur


Conflicts

• How do we handle conflicts and what takes precedence?

This Code Referenced standard

VS

General requirement

Specific requirement

This Code Regulation or ordinance

This Code

Specific requirement

Higher standard for the promotion and protection of safety and welfare shall prevail



• References to the Building Code or a Specialized Code

– Cited for convenience, not part of this code

• Referenced standards are considered part of this code

– Only to extent called out in Fire Code

– All referenced publications found in Ch. 2


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Equivalency

• Using another system, method or device

• Must at least equal strength, fire resistance, effectiveness, durability, and safety


Enforcement

• Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)

– State Fire Marshal

– Head of Fire Department

– May be both in some sections

– May designate to others


Plans Review

• Plans can be required to show compliance

• Thirty (30) day timeframe for review

– Different timeframe in MA Building Code

• Plans need to be

– Construction documents

– Shop Drawings


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Inspection

• Conduct inspections

– As mandated by MGL or CMR

– Part of permitting process

– To investigate dangerous condition

– As part of installation under this code

• Make sure work is not concealed before an inspection


Stop Work

• Violation of approved plans and specifications

• Work in contrary to the code

• Permitted work occurring without a permit

• Imminent danger created

• The work stopped must be governed by this Code

• Must be accompanied with written notice of violation


Permitting and Certificates

• Permit tables

– In order by chapter

– Permit/License threshold table

• Certificate tables

– In order by chapter

– Section may have requirements

– Renewal table

– Multiple may be needed


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Permit Tables

• Basic information listed

• Need to read entire section

• Rules from related chapter


Permit / License Threshold Table Materials Quantities Permit License

Class I liquids Note. Gasoline may be used, kept, or stored in any building not used for habitation nor frequented by the public, ≤ 7 gallons and provided the gasoline is stored in one or more approved containers without a permit. Note: See alcohol based hand rub Section 1.12.8.1.7. * In containers of 60 gallons capacity or less or in portable tanks over 60 gallons capacity not intended for fixed use, including intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) designed for mechanical handling.

< 793 gallons* yes no ≥ 793 gallons yes yes

Class I liquids ** In storage tanks having a liquid capacity that exceeds 60 gallons capacity, intended for fixed installation, and not used for processing.

<10,000 gallons** yes no ≥ 10,000 gallons yes yes

Class II liquids <10,000 gallons yes no ≥ 10,000 gallons yes yes

Class IIIA liquids <10,000 gallons yes no ≥ 10,000 gallons yes yes

Class IIIB liquids <10,000 gallons yes no ≥10,000 gallons yes yes


Activities With Required Certificates

1. Explosives, blasting, fireworks

2. Portable fire extinguishers

3. Fixed fire extinguishing systems

4. Commercial cooking operations

5. Self service gas stations

6. Marine / mobile marine fueling facilities

7. Crowd managers


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Certificate Tables


Penalties for Violations

• Criminal or civil options for lack of compliance

• Each day of a violation is a separate offense


Appeals Board

The Fire Prevention Regulations Appeals Board is authorized to conduct appeals pursuant to the provisions of M.G.L. c. 22D, s. 5.

• Whoever is aggrieved may submit an application for an appeal to the appeals board

– 45 days following the service of notice of such act, rule, order, decision, requirement or directive.


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Appeals Board – Not Within Scope

1. State Building Code issues 2. Sprinkler provisions of M.G.L. c. 148 3. Massachusetts Electrical Code issues 4. M.G.L. c. 148A civil issues 5. M.G.L. c. 148, s. 5 abatement issues 6. Suspension, revocation or refusal to issue any certificate of

competency or user’s certificate issued by the State Fire Marshal

7. Suspension, revocation, issuance, or renewal of a permit by the AHJ

8. Issues relating to a city ordinance or town by law or regulation promulgated or adopted by the municipality


Chapter 2 – Referenced Publications

• All publications referenced in mandatory sections

• Only to the extent called out

• Conflicts between referenced standards and this Code


Referenced Publications

• Example of extent of reference – 10.4.2 No existing life safety feature shall be removed or reduced where such feature is a requirement for new construction. [101:4.6.12.2]

– The above section is from NFPA 101 and applies because it is extracted into this Code

• Example of a removal of a reference – 10.1.2* Life Safety Code. Every new and existing building shall comply with this Code and NFPA 101, Life Safety Code.

– Section referencing NFPA 101 in its entirety removed by MA amendment


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• When an extract exists in this Code what edition is it?

• Example

– 30.1.4 Drainage. Where Class I or Class II liquids are dispensed, provisions shall be made to prevent spilled liquids from flowing into the interior of buildings. Such provisions shall be made by grading driveways, raising door sills, or other equally effective means. [30A:7.3.4]

– What edition of 30A did this come from?



• Extract from Chapter 30 of NFPA 1

• Brings in all of 30A by reference

30.1 Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities. 30.1.1 Application. 30.1.1.1 Motor fuel dispensing facilities, marine/motor fuel dispensing facilities, motor fuel dispensing facilities located inside buildings, and fleet vehicle motor fuel dispensing facilities shall comply with Sections 30.1 and 30.3 and NFPA 30A, Code for Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities and Repair Garages.



• Extract from Chapter 30 of NFPA 1

• Has specific extracts from 30A

• Why is it restated when it is all brought in by reference in 30.1.1.1?

30.1.4 Drainage. Where Class I or Class II liquids are dispensed, provisions shall be made to prevent spilled liquids from flowing into the interior of buildings. Such provisions shall be made by grading driveways, raising door sills, or other equally effective means. [30A:7.3.4]


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Chapter 3 – Definitions

• Broken into sections

– General

– NFPA Official

– General Definitions

• May be chapter or

section specific

definitions elsewhere


General Requirements

• All of NFPA 1 replaced with MA amendments

• Not a mandatory chapter, used as guidance

• Sets the basic goals and objectives of the document

• Used as basis for prescriptive and performance based options


Performance Based

• All of NFPA 1 replaced with MA amendments

• Option for compliance instead of prescriptive requirements

• Requires significant engineering and analysis

• AHJ allowed to require third party review


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Performance Based


Classification of Occupancy

• Chapter was deleted by MA

• Building Code is used to classify occupancy

• There are still occupancy specific requirements throughout the document

– Definitions are used to cross reference NFPA and IBC language


Occupancy Nomenclature Building Code

308.3 Group I‐2. This occupancy shall include buildings and structures used for medical, surgical, psychiatric, nursing or custodial care for persons who are not capable of self‐preservation. This group shall include, but not be limited to, the following:

Child care facilities Detoxification facilities Hospitals Mental hospitals Nursing homes

Fire Code 3.3.182.11* Health Care Occupancy. An occupancy used to provide medical or other treatment or care simultaneously to four or more patients on an inpatient basis, where such patients are mostly incapable of self‐preservation due to age, physical or mental disability, or because of security measures not under the occupants’ control. [5000, 2012] A.3.3.182.11 Health Care Occupancy. Health care occupancies include the following: (1) Ambulatory health care facilities (2) Hospitals (3) Limited care facilities (4) Nursing homes


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Part II

General Requirements

Chapters 10‐19


Fundamental Requirements

• New and existing

– NFPA 1, Fire Code as amended

– NFPA 101, Life Safety Code

• New construction

– Building code

• Structural hazards

– Notify building official


Owner/Occupant Responsibilities

• Compliance with this Code

• Abating unsafe conditions

• Recordkeeping

• Notify the AHJ on occupancy change

• Paying for tests to verify compliance


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Occupancy

• Jan 1, 2015 adoption date

– Permitted after is new

– Occupied or permitted before is existing

• Existing can be considered new if

– Change of occupancy

– Imminent danger


Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing

• Must be done 1 of 3 ways

1. Following this Code

2. Following the building code and referenced standards

3. Performance‐based design


Maintenance, Inspection, and Testing

• No existing feature removed where required for new construction

• Existing obvious to the public must be maintained or removed

– Need permit to remove, shut off, disconnect, obstruct, remove, or destroy

– M.G.L c 148 §27A

– Notify AHJ on shut down for maintenance and restoration to service


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Building Evacuation

• No person shall fail to leave during emergency when directed to evacuate by AHJ

• No person shall fail to leave overcrowded premises when directed by AHJ

– Performance, presentation, etc. stops


Fire Drills

• Emergency egress and relocation drills in accordance with this Code

• Occupancy chapter has specifics about where and when

• Focus on orderly evacuation not speed

• Expected and unexpected times and varying conditions

• Predetermined area

• Records kept


Emergency Plans

• Required information

1) Procedures for reporting of emergencies

2) Occupant and staff response to emergencies

3) Evacuation procedures appropriate to the building, its occupancy, and emergencies (see Section 4.3 of NFPA 101)

4) Appropriateness of the use of elevators

5) Design and conduct of fire drills

6) Type and coverage of building fire protection systems

7) Other items required by the AHJ


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Open Flame, Candles, and Open Fires

• Permits required

– Recreation and cooking exempt

• For other than one‐family

– No hibachi, grill or similar used or kindled on balcony, under an overhang, or within 10’ of a structure

64


Premises Identification

• Required on all buildings

• Contrasting color

• Does not have to be arabic numerals or alphabet letters


Vacant Buildings and Premises

• Must remove dangerous materials

• Secure all floors

– USFA Arson Prevention Board Up

– 24 hour watchman service

– Monitored alarm

• Building marking system


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Combustible Vegetation

• No Christmas trees allowed in – Ambulatory Health Care – Assembly – Board and Care – Day‐care – Detention and Correction – Dormitories – Educational – Health care – Hotel

• Other occupancies have specific criteria


Combustible Vegetation

• No newly applied mulch within 18” of a combustible exterior.

• Exemption: Residential with ≤6 units


Fumigation and Thermal Insecticidal Fogging • MA only section carried over from previous CMRs

• Permitted activity

• Requirements for

– Notification

– Warning signs

– Watchmen


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Canine Guards

• MA only section carried over from previous CMRs


• Requirements for

– Notification


Emergency Wash Systems

• Required in new school, college, university lab

– Located by exit

• Existing labs require fire blanket

• Both require signs


Electrical Fire Safety

• Extension cords Not a substitute for permanent wiring

Serve one appliance unless approved multi‐plug cord

Not be affixed to wall Not run under floor coverings


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Heating Appliances

• All of the MA specific oil burner requirements are here

• No unvented kerosene allowed


Features of Fire Protection

• Removed any design and construction requirements

• Addresses maintenance, inspection and testing

– Annual inspection/test of fire doors

• All interior finish requirements removed


Features of Fire Protection

• Contents and furnishings

– Needs to be labeled for use

• Fire barriers section removed

• Smoke barriers section removed


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Fire Protection Systems

• General

– Permits

– Access and clear space

– Recordkeeping

– Can not impair system without permit



• Standpipe Systems

– All installation requirements removed

• Sprinkler Systems

– All installation requirements either deleted or replaced with MGL 148 section

77



• Fire Pumps

– Valve supervision requirements removed

• Smoke, Heat, and Carbon Monoxide Protection Systems

– Entire section of NFPA 1 removed

– All of MA specific residential requirements here


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Dwelling Unit Requirements


Means of Egress

• References to NFPA 101 removed

• Added references to the building code

• Construction requirements removed

• Occupancy specific door requirements removed


Safeguarding Construction

• Extracts from NFPA 241

• 80% of fires started by contractors

• Important to be prepared for fire event


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• Proper egress

• Temporary heating equipment

– MA added rules for CO monitoring

• Waste removal and trash chutes

• Focus on program for preventing fires



• Access for fire fighting

– Command post

– Key box

• Water Supplies

• Standpipes



• Separation between construction and occupied areas

– 1 hr walls with 45‐minute doors

– Sprinkler protection

• Minimal interruption to fire protection systems during alteration


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Fire Department Access

• Access to structures or areas

– Key boxes

• Access to buildings

– Access road to exterior door

– Access road to exterior wall

– Change to sprinklered in MA

• 250’ only NFPA 13


Access to Buildings

<250 ft (<76 m) sprinklered only NFPA 13 (18.2.3.2.2.1)


Water Supplies

• Removed by MA

• No fire flow requirements

• No hydrant marking


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Part III

Occupancy Requirements

Chapters 20‐39


Occupancy Fire Safety

• Assembly

• Educational

• Day‐Care

• Health Care

• Residential Board and Care

• Ambulatory Health Care

• Detention and Correctional

• Hotels and Dormitories

• Apartment Buildings

• Lodging or Rooming Houses

• One‐ and Two‐ Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes

• Mercantile

• Business

• Industrial

• Storage

• Special Structures and High‐Rise

• Historic Buildings and Cultural Resources


Assembly

• Removed references to NFPA 101

• Added references to Building Code

• Crowd manager requirements

– Recordkeeping

• Furnishings

• Labeling


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Educational

• Fire Drills

– Plans submitted to AHJ

– 4 per year

– Recordkeeping

• Paper on walls


Health Care

• Evacuation plan and drill requirements

• If doors are locked need staff to open

• Linen and trash receptacle limit of 32gal unless hazardous area.

• 96gal for clean recycling

• Fire safety plan


Ambulatory Health Care

• Evacuation and relocation plan and fire drills

– Quarterly drills on each shift

– Employee training

• Fire safety plan

• Egress locking

– Allowed with sufficient staff to unlock and direct occupants


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Hotel and Dormitories

• Hotel Emergency Organization

– Employee instruction

– Quarterly drills

• Dormitory Drills

– Conducted during peak occupancy

– No set frequency; “sufficient”


Hotel and Dormitories

• Emergency instructions posted

– Both hotel and dormitory

• Emergency Plans required

• All new furniture labeled


Repair Garages

• Does not exclude vocational schools

• Limited amounts of flammable liquids


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General Storage

• Commodity classifications


• Special commodity requirements

– Rubber tire

– Rolled paper

– Idle pallets

• Only one change by MA


Part IV

Process Requirements

Chapters 40‐49


Dust Explosion and Fire Prevention

• Referenced to other standards

• Focus on prevention

– Housekeeping and dust control

• Detection and suppression systems

• No changes by MA


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Welding, Cutting and Hot Work


• Permit Authorizing Individual (PAI)

– Must give the ok for work to start

• Fire watch(es)

– May need multiple depending on conditions

• Gas storage in accordance with Ch 63


Refueling

• Automotive, marine, and aircraft

• Incorporates language from previous CMR 5.00

• 310 CMR rules for tanks added

• Suppression systems for attended self‐serve

• Extracted material from NFPA 30A


Refueling

• On‐site private refueling covered under chapter

• Also addresses marine refueling

• Protection of pumps from vehicle damage

• MA specific section on containers and movable tanks


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Refueling

• Required signage

• Emergency shutoff

• No smoking

• Portable extinguishers

• Latch open devices now permitted

WARNING: It is unlawful and dangerous to dispense gasoline into unapproved containers. No smoking. Stop motor. No filling of portable containers in or on a motor vehicle. Place container on ground before filling. Discharge your static electricity before fueling by touching a metal surface away from the nozzle. Do not re‐enter your vehicle while gasoline is pumping. If a fire starts, do not remove nozzle—back away immediately. Do not allow individuals under licensed age to use the pump.


Spraying, Dipping, and Coating

• Reference to NFPA 33

• Not modified by MA

• Addresses common hazards

• Electrical classification


Part V

Equipment

Chapters 50‐59


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Commercial Cooking

• Defines hood types

– Type I

– Type II

• Only Type I are subject to Chapter 50


Commercial Cooking

• Focus on inspection and cleaning of exhaust

• Fusible links replaced semi‐annually

• Thresholds for cleaning

• Certificate of competency for cleaner


Commercial Cooking

• Portable extinguishers required

• Class K required for cooking with grease

• AHJ can stop cooking operation if no inspection for grease in last 12 months


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Commercial Cooking


Part VI

Hazardous Materials

Chapters 60‐75


Chapter 60 – Hazardous Materials

• Administrative chapter

• Subjects not regulated

• Reference to NFPA 400

• Classification of materials

– Annex B


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• HMMP

– Annex D

• HMIS

– Annex D

• MAQ table

• Occupancy specific tables removed



• Added Hazardous Materials Process or Processing

– Previous 527 CMR 33

• Result of CSB Investigation


Explosives

• Laboratories

– Allowed ≤50 lbs for scientific or technical instruction or research

– Still need certificate of competency for overseer of explosives


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Flammable & Combustible Liquids


• Added NFPA 35 as referenced standard

• Prevention and limiting ignition sources


LP Gases and LNG

• General

– Added to application of chapter

• “upstream from the outlet of the first stage regulator”

– Definition of abandoned

– LP‐Container, Filling, Shipment, Odorization, and Testing Requirements

– Railcar Shipments

– Odorization Thresholds, Testing and filling of Containers


LP Gases and LNG

• General

– Record keeping

– Employee training

– Field Equipment Identification

• Name, telephone number for responsible party

– Written record of emergencies to AHJ


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LP Gases and LNG

• Installation of LP‐Gas Systems – Container Separation Distances

• Measured in 3 foot arc from discharge point • LP‐Gas Systems on Vehicles (Other Than Engine Fuel

Systems) – Equipment Installation

• Safe operation • Nothing without owner’s permission • Only trained individuals containers over 42 pounds • Additional requirements by State Fire Marshal


LP Gases and LNG

• Vehicle Fuel Dispenser and Dispensing Stations

– Signs

• No Smoking and Stop Engine While Refueling

• Storage of Cylinders Awaiting Use, Resale, or Exchange

– Signs

• No smoking and Flammable Gas

• Otherwise indicate contents


NFPA 400 – Hazardous Materials Code

• Storage, use and handling of following substances need to follow NFPA 400

• None of the following chapters were modified by MA

– Chapter 70 Oxidizer Solids and Liquids

– Chapter 71 Pyrophoric Solids and Liquids

– Chapter 72 Unstable (Reactive) Solids and Liquids

– Chapter 73 Water‐Reactive Solids and Liquids

– Chapter 74 Ammonium Nitrate

– Chapter 75 Organic Peroxide Solids and Liquids


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Questions?

Thank You

Brad Cronin, CFPS

[email protected]

Non-Fire Code Intro - MetroWest Building Officials · PDF file• NFPA process and layout...

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Transcript of Non-Fire Code Intro - MetroWest Building Officials · PDF file• NFPA process and layout...