Nobuko Goto

津波

TSUNAMI PREPAREDNESS IN LOS ANGELES

* Tsunami easily overflowed tsunami barrier constructed by government

* The height of Tsunami was larger than that of two- or three-story building

Damages by Tsunami in Japan March 11th , 2011 a huge earthquake and

Tsunami hit northern part of Japan. What made so big damages?

The height of Tsunami was much larger than that expected by government

Local people were not prepared for so big tsunami

breakwater

A new scheme for Tsunami preparedness

Source: Shizuoka Prefecture,http://www.e-quakes.pref.shizuoka.jp/shiraberu/hinan/05/04.html

Tsunami

Tsunami

Tsunami

Expected Inundation area

Evacuation areas

Tsunami evacuation

building

About 200 meters

Possible areas that need

evacuation buildings

Areas that do not need evacuation buildings

Covered area

Direction of evacuation

evacuees

Research points

Applying Tsunami evacuation buildings scheme to Los Angeles, Which areas are lacking in multi story

buildings for evacuation? Which areas will be seriously damaged by

Tsunami ? Which areas need Tsunami evacuation

buildings ?

Study Area

California

2000mMalibu

Santa MonicaRedondo Beach

Rancho Palos Verdes

Areas covered by existing buildings (200 and 500 m)

* Average male walking (80m/minutes)- 200m: 2.5 minutes, 500m: 6.25 minutes

Total number of buildings in the hazard area: 254,391

Predicting areas with higher damage

Possible factors Elevation Age of buildings Percentage of elderly people Distance from coastal line

1. Elevation

2. Age of building

3. Proportion of elderly people

4. Distance

Shortage of Evacuation Areas with high possibility

Find out locations that are lacking in multistory evacuation buildings

Parameters and weight

Parameters Levels WeightElevation 2 50%

Distance 4 25%

Percentage of elderly 3 15%

Age of buildings * 2 10%

* I weighed this only 10%, because the minimum size of survey is block group.

Possible damage areas

High

Low

High priority areas for Tsunami preparedness

Manhattan Beach ~ Hermosa Beach

Between Marina Del Rey and LAX

Areas close to Malibu beach coast

Around Santa Monica Airport

High

Low

Summary and concluding remarks

Malibu Beach coast, around Santa Monica Airport, areas nestled between Marina Del Rey and Lax and coast areas close to Manhattan and Hermosa Beach have higher priority for Tsunami preparedness.

Reference

Guideline of Tsunami evacuation building, Cabinet Office, Japanese Government, http://www.bousai.go.jp/oshirase/h17/tsunami_hinan.html

Los Angeles County Tsunami Inundation Map, http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/geologic_hazards/Tsunami/Inundation_Maps/LosAngeles/Pages/LosAngeles.aspx

Miho Yoshimura, The introduction of incentives to earthquake vulnerability of buildings (September, 2005) http://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/dspace/handle/2261/50136

Model - reclassifying