THE NOBEL

Peace PrizePeace Prize

ByBy

Willman RodríguezWillman Rodríguez

THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZETHE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE

Is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.

According to Nobel's will, the Peace Prize should be awarded to the person who

..shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or

reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses.

NOMINATION AND SELECTIONNOMINATION AND SELECTION

othe prize should be awarded by a committee of five people chosen by the Norwegian Parliament.

oEach year, the Norwegian Nobel Committee invites qualified people to submit nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize. The statutes of the Nobel Foundation specify categories of individuals who are eligible to make nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize.

oNominations must usually be submitted to the Committee by February 1 of the year in question. Nominations by committee members can be submitted up to the date of the first Committee meeting after this deadline.

NOMINATION AND SELECTION

o Nominations are considered by the Nobel Committee at a meeting where a short list of candidates for further review is created. This short list is then considered by permanent advisers to the Nobel institute, Advisers usually have some months to complete reports, which are then considered by the Committee to select the laureate. The Nobel Committee typically comes to a conclusion in mid-September, but occasionally the final decision has not been made until the last meeting before the official announcement at the beginning of October.

AWARDING THE PRIZE

The Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, presents the Nobel Peace Prize in the presence of the King of Norway on December 10 each year (the anniversary of Nobel's death). The Peace Prize is the only Nobel Prize not presented in Stockholm. The Nobel laureate receives a diploma, a medal and a document confirming the prize amount. The Nobel Peace Prize Ceremony is held at the Oslo City Hall, followed the next day by the Nobel Peace Prize Concert, which is broadcast to more than 450 million households in over 150 countries around the world. The concert has received worldwide fame and the participation of top celebrity hosts and performers.

THE MEDALT

he Peace Prize Medal was designed by one of Norway's greatest artists, the sculptor Gustav Vigeland, assisted by the Swedish engraver Erik Lindberg. It was ready in time for the award in 1902. In its original form, the medal was in 23 carat gold and weighed 192 grams; from 1980 on this was changed to 18 carats and 196 grams. Its diameter has always remained the same: 6.6 cms.

THE MEDAL

The front of the medal shows a portrait of Alfred Nobel. His name and the years of his birth and death are engraved along the edge. The reverse shows three naked men embracing one another - a symbol of the international fraternization that Nobel wished to contribute to the Peace Prize. The inscription is in Latin: Pro pace et fraternitate gentium (For peace and fraternity among peoples). Around the edge, which is 5 mm. thick, are engraved the words Prix Nobel de la Paix, the year, and the name of the laureate. .

THE DIPLOMATHE DIPLOMAThe original diploma was drawn by Gerhard Munthe. The motif was inspired by the Norwegian lion, underlining the connection between the Nobel Committee and the Storting. The wording of the diploma also shows the link: "The Nobel Committee of the Norwegian Storting has, in accordance with the terms of the will set up by Alfred Nobel on the 27th of November 1895, awarded [name of laureate] the Nobel Peace Prize for [year]".

THE DIPLOMAFrom 1970 up to and including 1990, the

diploma was adorned with a woodcut. In

1991 it was decided that the diploma

should be given a new appearance each

year by means of an original work of art

commissioned from a contemporary

Norwegian artist.

Org type Fund

Head Anthony Lake

Status Active

Established 1946

UNICEFUNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND

It was created to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II.

UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965.

type Private humanitarian organization.

Founded 1863.

Location Geneva, Switzerland.

Leader Jakob Kellenberger.

Field Humanitarianism.

Purpose Protection of war wounded, refugees,

and prisoners.

INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS

It is a private humanitarian institution who protect the victims of international and internal armed conflicts.

It is the oldest and most honored organization and one of the most recognized in the world, having won three Nobel Peace Prizes in 1917, 1944, and 1963.

BBorn: 26 August 1910, Uskup (now orn: 26 August 1910, Uskup (now Republic of Macedonia).Republic of Macedonia).

DDied: 5 September 1997, Calcutta, India.ied: 5 September 1997, Calcutta, India.

RResidence at the time of the award: India esidence at the time of the award: India (1979).(1979).

RRole: Leader of Missionaries of Charity, ole: Leader of Missionaries of Charity, Calcutta. Calcutta.

FField: Humanitarian work.ield: Humanitarian work.

MOTHER TERESASS

he founded the Missionaries of he founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India in Charity in Calcutta, India in 1950. For over 45 years she 1950. For over 45 years she ministered to the poor, sick, ministered to the poor, sick, orphaned, and dying, while orphaned, and dying, while guiding the Missionaries of guiding the Missionaries of Charity's expansion, first Charity's expansion, first throughout India and then in throughout India and then in other countries. Following her other countries. Following her death she was beatified by Pope death she was beatified by Pope John Paul II and given the title John Paul II and given the title Blessed Teresa of Calcutta.Blessed Teresa of Calcutta.

MARTIN LUTHER KING MARTIN LUTHER KING JRJR.

Born January 15, 1929(1929-01-15)Atlanta, Georgia, United States.

Died April 4, 1968 (aged 39).

influenced by Jesus, Abraham Lincoln, Mahatma Gandhi.

Political movement African-American Civil Rights.

Religion Baptist.

Awards Nobel Peace Prize (1964), Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977), Congressional Gold Medal (2004,).

MARTIN LUTHER KING, MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.JR.

HHe was an American clergyman, activist, and e was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African American civil prominent leader in the African American civil rights movement. He is best known for his work to rights movement. He is best known for his work to end racial segregation and racial discrimination end racial segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience and other nonviolent through civil disobedience and other nonviolent means, using nonviolent methods.means, using nonviolent methods.

LIU XIAOBO

Born 28 December 1955 (age 54) Changchun, Jilin, China.

Nationality Chinese.

Known for Writer, political commentator, human rights activist.

Awards Nobel Peace Prize 2010.

LIU XIAOBOLIU XIAOBOL

iu Xiaobo is a human rights activist who has called on the Chinese government to be accountable for its actions. He has been detained, arrested and sentenced repeatedly for his peaceful political activities.

In 2007, Liu was detained and questioned about articles he wrote which were published online on websites hosted outside China. The following year, Liu was sentenced to eleven years in prison and two years' deprivation of political rights for “inciting subversion of state power". Liu has consistently maintained that the sentence violates both China's own constitution and fundamental human rights.