NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program

Requirements for Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping

NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program

Requirements for Integrated Ocean and Coastal Mapping

What standards are reasonable for CRCP mapping needs?

What standards are reasonable for CRCP mapping needs?

IOCM Standards and Specifications – Durham NH – April 18-19, 2006

U.S. Coral Reef Task Force GoalU.S. Coral Reef Task Force Goal

Produce comprehensive digital maps of all shallow (<30m) coral reef ecosystems in the

United States and characterize priority moderate-depth reef

systems by 2009.

Shallow Water MappingShallow Water Mapping

IKONOS Imageof Midway Island

Estimated Depths(Stumpf & Holderied)

Habitat Classification Manual Interpretation

Aerial and satellite data being used for mapping in shallow areas.In most areas NOAA uses IKONOS imagery

to produce shallow-water (< 30m) benthic habitat maps.

Data available on web at: http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/rsd/reefs.html

U.S. Pacific Islands:U.S. Pacific Islands: Vast and RemoteVast and Remote

Monitoring & Mapping ~55 Island/Atoll Ecosystems

(6)

(18)

Wake Island (24)

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* Tide Gauges* Tide Gauges* Tide Gauges* Tide Gauges

R/V R/V AHI AHI R/V R/V AHI AHI NOAA Ship NOAA Ship Hi’ialakaiHi’ialakaiNOAA Ship NOAA Ship Hi’ialakaiHi’ialakai

Pacific Moderate Depth MappingPacific Moderate Depth Mapping

240 kHz Reson 8101ER

250 m range101 beams

30 kHz EM300

5000 m range135 beams

300 kHz EM3002D

150 m range300-500 beams

N. Shore MolokaiN. Shore Molokai

NWHI (2002/KM) 38,367 km2

NWHI (2003-2005) 1,997 km2

MHI (2005) 1,126 km2 CNMI/Guam (2003) 244 km2

Am. Samoa (2004-2006) 1,385 km2

PRIAs (2006) 3,793 km2

Total 46,912 km2

(13,677 nm2)

NWHI (2002/KM) 38,367 km2

NWHI (2003-2005) 1,997 km2

MHI (2005) 1,126 km2 CNMI/Guam (2003) 244 km2

Am. Samoa (2004-2006) 1,385 km2

PRIAs (2006) 3,793 km2

Total 46,912 km2

(13,677 nm2)

Charting Needs in Pacific IslandsCharting Needs in Pacific IslandsCharting Needs in Pacific IslandsCharting Needs in Pacific Islands

There are only afew critical areas

for charting in the main

Hawaiian Islands.

There are only afew critical areas

for charting in the main

Hawaiian Islands.

All other areas in NWHI,American Samoa, CNMI,Guam and the Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIAs) are Priority 2

or lower.

All other areas in NWHI,American Samoa, CNMI,Guam and the Pacific Remote Island Areas (PRIAs) are Priority 2

or lower.

Significant Chart Offsets – 2 km

No Soundings on Some Charts

HOWEVER, there areHOWEVER, there areHOWEVER, there areHOWEVER, there are

Johnston 992 km2

HI0601

Howland221 km2

HI0601

Howland221 km2

HI0601

Baker256 km2

HI0601

Swain’s256 km2

HI0602

Tutuila588 km2

HI0602

Jarvis 316 km2

HI0604

Palmyra1082 km2

HI0604

Kingman926 km2

HI0604

Rose269 km2

HI0602

US Caribbean Mapping

NOAA Chart 25640, scale 1:326,856.

La Parguera, Puerto Rico

St. John and St. Thomas, USVI

St. Croix, USVI

Caribbean Multibeam Mapping Activities

2004 2005 2006

IHO Order IHO 2/IHO 3IHO Order 1 26%

IHO Order 2 74%

IHO Order 1 <100m

IHO Order 2 >100m

Swath Width Used 140º120º 26%

140º 74%110º

Multibeam Sonar Coverage (Area in Nautical Miles²)

29.44 29.50 41.78

ROV Imagery Transects (Length in Nautical Miles)

16.70 38.28 11.88

Number of ROV Lines 7 36 18

Number of Dives (SCUBA) 37 0 0

Charting Use (AHB Review) none ? ?

•2005 and 2006 IHO Order values are estimations, as final processing and QA/QC are in progress. Final results may vary from these goals.

Issues:‘Strumming’/vibration in

temporary pole-mount (2004)

Error measurements– initial offset (in)accuracy– Importance of a good patch

test

Line spacing/Use of outer beam data

Coordination with Partners

-i.e. advance notice to COOPS for tide request

How to share responsibility and expertise for project planning, data acquisition and processing, product generation, documentation

• Funding, personnel, time

Balancing different operational needs (i.e. ROV versus multibeam) at sea and prioritization of divergent project areas

French Frigate Shoals, NWHI, Bank top bathymetry

2 m grid cell size

Fledermaus Image Fledermaus Image (next slide)(next slide)

What are we looking for?

2-m grid of coral-rich bank top in 20-45 m water depths – French Frigate Shoals, NWHI2-m grid of coral-rich bank top in 20-45 m water depths – French Frigate Shoals, NWHI2-m grid of coral-rich bank top in 20-45 m water depths – French Frigate Shoals, NWHI2-m grid of coral-rich bank top in 20-45 m water depths – French Frigate Shoals, NWHI

10 m coral pinnacles10 m coral pinnacles10 m coral pinnacles10 m coral pinnacles

0.5 m sand waves0.5 m sand waves0.5 m sand waves0.5 m sand waves

0.1-0.2 m roughness0.1-0.2 m roughness0.1-0.2 m roughness0.1-0.2 m roughness

Complex morphology Complex morphology at edge of bankat edge of bank

Complex morphology Complex morphology at edge of bankat edge of bank

Fledermaus Image Fledermaus Image Fledermaus Image Fledermaus Image

Kongsberg EM3002d 300 kHz backscatter

R/V AHI Reson 8101

240-kHz backscatter

multibeam bathymetry

5x slope

complexity

multibeam backscatter

Benthic Habitat MappingBenthic Habitat MappingIKONOS Imagery Multibeam Surveys

Optical Groundtruthing –

ROV, TOAD, LLS Optical Groundtruthing Towed Diver Surveys

Products for Management NeedsProducts for Management Needs

Scientists, managers, and stakeholders work together to prioritize production Scientists, managers, and stakeholders work together to prioritize production of seafloor characterization and benthic habitat maps. It is not realisticof seafloor characterization and benthic habitat maps. It is not realistic

or necessary to create these labor intensive products over 1000’s of kmor necessary to create these labor intensive products over 1000’s of km2 2 of area.of area.

Scientists, managers, and stakeholders work together to prioritize production Scientists, managers, and stakeholders work together to prioritize production of seafloor characterization and benthic habitat maps. It is not realisticof seafloor characterization and benthic habitat maps. It is not realistic

or necessary to create these labor intensive products over 1000’s of kmor necessary to create these labor intensive products over 1000’s of km2 2 of area.of area.

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Impacts of Standards on Mapping Costs and Efficiency

Impacts of Standards on Mapping Costs and Efficiency

Requirements IHO 1 IHO 2 CRCP Mapping Cost/Efficiency Impact

Survey depths 0-100 m 100-200 m 10-3000+ m

Survey areas 100’s km2/yr 100’s km2/yr 1000’s km2/yr

Installation Rigorous Rigorous Rigorous OCS/NMAO participation & documentation

Equipment HR Sonar,VR Sonar, VR Sonar, VR Sonar requirements

Calibration 2-3/year 2-3/year 1/year OCS participation & documentation

Vert. accuracy 0.5-1.39 m 2.5-4.7 m 2 x IHO Documentation to prove

Tides Gauges/

Zones

Zones,

Obs. tides

Zones,

Pred. tides

Tide gauges, application of observed tides

Horz. accuracy 5m + 5%d 20m +5%d 2 x IHO Documentation to prove

DGPS Required Required? GPS Cost for satellite DGPS

Ship personnel Trained hydrographers

Trained hydrographers

1 survey tech

2-10 science

OCS/NMAO involvement in mapping work

CTD casts 4 hrs/continuous 4 hours 12 hours Time for CTD casts/cost equipment

Line spacing ~3 x WD ~3 x WD 5 x WD 1.7 x number of lines

Least depths Required Required Not done ~5-10 days/survey

Reporting DAPR DAPR Metadata ~5-10 days/survey

Map to IHO Standards in Priority Areas

• OCS participated in 2002 Kilo Moana survey in NWHI• OCS and NMAO did installation and original certification of Hi’ialakai

and Nancy Foster mapping systems. CRCP and OCS collaboration on re-calibration and re-certification of Hi’ialakai and AHI mapping systems now underway – collaborative yearly updates?

• Portions of USVI survey in 2005 & 2006 were conducted to IHO standards with documentation.

• Joint CRCP/OCS charting surveys for harbors in Saipan, Tinian, & Rota, CNMI, are planned for early 2007 using AHI.

Commercial& Navy

Anchorage

Harbor Survey

Saipan, CNMI USVI

For Information

• NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program David.Kennedy@noaa.gov Kara.Meckley@noaa.gov http://www.coralreef.noaa.gov

• Center for Coastal Monitoring & Assessment Mark.Monaco@noaa.gov Tim.Battista@noaa.gov http://ccma.nos.noaa.gov/ecosystems/coralreef/

• Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Ctr. CRED Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov Joyce.Miller@noaa.gov http://pifsc.noaa.gov/cred http://soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc