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ASSIGNMENT OF SOFTWARE LAB

ON

HTML

(Hyper Text Markup Language)

Submitted To: Submitted by:

Mr. Rajwinder Singh Nikhil

MBA-2nd year

Roll no.:-5889, Sec-C

School Of Management Studies

Punjabi University, Patiala

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HTML elements consisting of "tags" surrounded by angle brackets within

the web page content. It is the building blocks of all basic websites.

It allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create

interactive forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by

denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists,

links, quotes and other items. It can embed scripts in languages such as

JavaScript which affect the behavior of HTML webpage.

HTML can also be used to include Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to define

the appearance and layout of text and other material. The W3C, maintainer

of both HTML and CSS standards, encourages the use of CSS over explicit

presentational markup.

Origins-In 1980, physicist Tim Berners-Lee, who was a contractor at

CERN, proposed and prototyped ENQUIRE, a system forCERN researchers

to use and share documents. In 1989, Berners-Lee wrote a memo proposingan Internet-based hypertext system.Berners-Lee specified HTML and wrote

the browser and server software in the last part of 1990. In that year,

Berners-Lee and CERN data systems engineerRobert Cailliau collaborated

on a joint request for funding, but the project was not formally adopted by

CERN. In his personal note from 1990 he list "some of the many areas inwhich hypertext is used" and puts an encyclopedia first.

HTML is a language for describing web pages.

HTML stands forHyperText Markup Language

HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language

A markup language is a set ofmarkup tags

HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages

The definition of HTML is HyperText Markup Language.

HyperTextis the method by which you move around on the web byclicking on special text called hyperlinks which bring you to the next

page. The fact that it is hyperjust means it is not linear i.e. you can

go to any place on the Internet whenever you want by clicking on

links there is no set order to do things in.

Markup is what HTML tags do to the text inside them. They mark it

as a certain type of text (italicisedtext, for example).

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_elementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracket#Angle_brackets_or_chevrons_.E2.9F.A8_.E2.9F.A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_element#Images_and_objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_element#Formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_documenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheetshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W3Chttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Leehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENQUIREhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertexthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cailliauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cailliauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_elementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracket#Angle_brackets_or_chevrons_.E2.9F.A8_.E2.9F.A9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_element#Images_and_objectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_element#Formshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structured_documenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScripthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheetshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W3Chttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Berners-Leehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENQUIREhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertexthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Cailliau

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HTML is a Language, as it has code-words and syntax like any other

language.

How does it work?

HTML consists of a series of short codes typed into a text-file by the site

author these are the tags. The text is then saved as ahtmlfile, and viewed

through a browser, like Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator. Thisbrowser reads the file and translates the text into a visible form, hopefully

rendering the page as the author had intended. Writing your own HTML

entails using tags correctly to create your vision. You can use anything from

a rudimentary text-editor to a powerful graphical editor to create HTML

pages.

HTML Tags

HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags

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http://www.yourhtmlsource.com/starthere/glossary.html#browserhttp://www.yourhtmlsource.com/starthere/glossary.html#browser

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HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like

HTML tags normally come in pairs like and

The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag

Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags

What are the tags up to?

The tags are what separate normal text from HTML code. You might know

them as the words between the . They allow all the

cool stuff like images and tables and stuff, just by telling your browser what

to render on the page. Different tags will perform different functions. The

tags themselves dont appear when you view your page through a browser,

but their effects do. The simplest tags do nothing more than apply formatting

to some text, like this:

These words will be bold, and these will

not.

In the example above, the tags were wrapped around some text, and

their effect will be that the contained text will be bolded when viewed

through an ordinary web browser.

If you want to see a list of a load of tags to see whats ahead of you, look at

this tag reference. Learning the tags themselves is dealt with in the next

section of this website, My First Site.

Is this going to take long?

Well, it depends on what you want from it. KnowingHTML will take only afew days of reading and learning the codes for what you want. You can have

the basics down in an hour. Once you know the tags you can create HTML

pages.

However, using HTML and designing good websites is a different story,

which is why I try to do more than just teach you code here at HTML Source

I like to add in as much advice as possible too. Good website design ishalf skill and half talent, I reckon. Learning techniques and correct use of

your tag knowledge will improve your work immensely, and a good

understanding of general design and the audience youre trying to reach will

improve your websites chances of success. Luckily, these things can be

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http://www.yourhtmlsource.com/myfirstsite/tagreference.htmlhttp://www.yourhtmlsource.com/myfirstsite/http://www.yourhtmlsource.com/myfirstsite/myfirstpage.htmlhttp://www.yourhtmlsource.com/myfirstsite/tagreference.htmlhttp://www.yourhtmlsource.com/myfirstsite/http://www.yourhtmlsource.com/myfirstsite/myfirstpage.html

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researched and understood, as long as youre willing to work at it so you can

output better websites.

HTML Documents = Web Pages

HTML documents describe web pages

HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text

HTML documents are also called web pages

The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firebox) is to read

HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not

display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page:

My First Heading

My first paragraph.

Result

My First Heading

My first paragraph.

Example Explained

The text between and describes the web page

The text between and is the visible page content

The text between and is displayed as a heading

The text between

and

is displayed as a paragraph

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HTML Headings

Headings are defined with the to tags.

defines the largest heading. defines the smallest heading.

If you type this the result will be in

next column. Result

This is heading 1

This is heading 2

This is heading 3

This is heading 4

This is heading 5

This is heading 6

This is heading 1

This is heading 2

This is heading 3

This is heading 4

This is heading 5

This is heading 6

Headings Are Important

Use HTML headings for headings only. Don't use headings to make

text BIG orbold.

Search engines use your headings to index the structure and content of your

web pages.

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Since users may skim your pages by its headings, it is important to use

headings to show the document structure.

H1 headings should be used as main headings, followed by H2 headings,

then the less important H3 headings, and so on.

HTML Lines

The tag creates a horizontal line in an HTML page.

The hr element can be used to separate content:

Type this than your result will be

se in next column:

Your Result:

The hr tag defines a horizontal

rule:

This is a paragraph

This is a paragraph

This is