Niger Basin Focal Project

Niger Basin Focal Project

Coordination: Pr. Jean Charles CLANETAssistant, Andrew OGILVIE

Cali Workshop, February 2008

Niger Basin Focal Project

Niger basin

• 2 100 000 km2 river b ibasin • 4 200 km long (3rd longest river in Africa)

Jean Charles CLANET & Andrew OGILVIE – IRD/G-EAU

longest river in Africa)

Niger Basin Focal ProjectRIVER BASIN CHARACTERISTICS:

• 10 riparian countries10 riparian countries

% of Niger river basin per country

Mali = 25,50%

Ni i 25 70%

Algeria = 8,50%

Niger = 24,80%

Nigeria = 25,70%

Cameroon = 3,90%

Guinea = 4,30%


Ivory Coast = 1% Benin = 2%Burkina Faso =

3,40%Chad = 0,90%


• Active watershed = 1 500 000 km2

• Supports 135 million people (71% Nigerian)• High poverty

41 95% f l ti i l• 41-95% of population in rural areas– Agriculture: 36-54% of basin GDP– 95% rainfed agriculture

8% i i t d

Inland DeltaMiddle Niger

– <8% irrigated

• 4 distinct hydrological regionsUpper Niger

Lower Niger



100 mm

-25Flow - evaporation (km3/y)

500 mm1500 mm

41 27mm = pp/year

900 mm

1500

61

1500 mm93

250• Large variations• Widespread agricultural & water resource


• Widespread agricultural & water resource vulnerability

Niger Basin Focal ProjectKEY ISSUES:

• Crop-livestock systems (Millet, sorghum, yam, p y ( , g , y ,cassava, rice, groundnut, husbandry, agroforestry)

• Pastoral systems• Industrial systems• Irrigation

Fi h i• Fisheries• Hydropower

P ll ti• Pollution• Migrations• Conflicts (agropastoral transboundary)


• Conflicts (agropastoral, transboundary)

Niger Basin Focal ProjectKEY ISSUES: Inland Delta

• Inland delta– Near endorheic behaviour– 4 120 000 ha (3rd largest RAMSAR site)

Mi ti– Migrations


July 01 - before the rains Nov 99 – exceptional year

Niger Basin Focal ProjectNIGER BFP PROJECT:

2 CPWF P j t (01/01/2008 31/12/2009)• 2 year CPWF Project (01/01/2008 – 31/12/2009)

• $600,000 USD$ ,

• Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

(previously ORSTOM): French public science and

technology research institutetechnology research institute

• Basin Coordinator: Niger Basin Authority


• ECOWAS WRCU

Niger Basin Focal ProjectIRD Network: Associated projects

IRD:7 centres in the Basin• AMMA• SIEREM, FRIEND AOC• ANR RESSACANR RESSAC• Ripiecsa• CP Fisheries (n°72)OthersOthers• Value Chains and the rural poor

in disadvantaged regions” (Canada IDRC)(Canada IDRC)

• “Water ecosystem services and poverty reduction under climate change” (UK DFID)


change (UK DFID)

Niger Basin Focal ProjectWP1: Poverty analysis – John WARD

• Relationship between water availabilityRelationship between water availabilityand water productivity ( water poverty)

• Magnitude spatial distribution heterogeneityMagnitude, spatial distribution, heterogeneity– Water Poverty Index (Lawrence, Meigh and Sullivan, 2002)– Livelihood Mapping (Kristjanson, et al. 2005)

Climate Change Vulnerability (Vincent 2004)– Climate Change Vulnerability (Vincent, 2004)– Gini coefficient: distribution of income inequality– Human Development Index (HDI): incorporates health, education & income

P i CPWF t t & th d l i d t d f th b i– Previous CPWF outputs & methodologies adapted from other basins

Opportunities for policy formulation and interventions that alleviate poverty & enhance


interventions that alleviate poverty & enhance livelihoods (WP4, WP5)


Demographic structureEntitlementsCropsCapitalHydrology (W P 2)

LivelihoodW ater Productivity

Factors of W ater Productivity

Factors of W ater Availability

Vulnerability Variables linking hazards to

livelihoods

Livelihood variables

Demographic structureEntitlementsCropsCapitalHydrology (W P 2)

LivelihoodW ater Productivity

Factors of W ater Productivity

Factors of W ater Availability

Vulnerability Variables linking hazards to

livelihoods

Livelihood variables

Economic well being and stability

Actions/ opportunitiesLivestockKnowledgeIm poundm ents

Natural resource dependenceCapabilitiesFibreInfrastructureInfrastructure

G lobal interconnectivityEndowmentsFishM arket AccessDistribution

g pCropsCapitalHydrology (W P 2)

Economic well being and stability

Actions/ opportunitiesLivestockKnowledgeIm poundm ents

Natural resource dependenceCapabilitiesFibreInfrastructureInfrastructure

G lobal interconnectivityEndowmentsFishM arket AccessDistribution

g pCropsCapitalHydrology (W P 2)

Institutional stability and strength of publicForestsTechnology

Natural disaster riskRiparian and dependent Ecosystems

Soil conditions and environmental degradation

Effective Rainfall and Evaporation

Level of utilisation

ypp

Institutional stability and strength of publicForestsTechnology

Natural disaster riskRiparian and dependent Ecosystems

Soil conditions and environmental degradation

Effective Rainfall and Evaporation

Level of utilisation

ypp

Social Conventions and customsCorruption, Conflict

Factors of W ater Access

strength of public infrastructure (W P 4)

ForestsTechnology

Social Conventions and customsCorruption, Conflict

Factors of W ater Access

strength of public infrastructure (W P 4)

ForestsTechnology


Health and medical metricsHousehold IncomeProperty rights and institutions

Health and medical metricsHousehold IncomeProperty rights and institutions

Niger Basin Focal ProjectWP2: Water availability and access – Gil Mahé

• Data collection and database constructionData collection and database construction• Hydro-climatic data time series analysis• Climate change production system and socio-Climate change, production system and socio-

economy modelling on water availability & access• Water uses assessment and WEAP modellingWater uses assessment and WEAP modelling

Water scarcity areas (quantity, quality, access) –WLDss


Niger Basin Focal ProjectWP3: Agricultural productivity – Bruno Barbier

• Rainfed agriculture, Irrigation,Fisheries,g , g , ,Livestock, Forestry

• Plot, household, agropastoral, ecosystem level, , g p , y• Literature review & status and trend analysis of

main agricultural production systemsg p y• Key areas (Hot spots)

Opportunities, innovations and researchOppo tu t es, o at o s a d esea c


Niger Basin Focal ProjectWP4: Institutional analysis – Armelle Caron

• Formal & informal institutions• Basin wide, Sub-basin, National &

Community level• Literature review & interviews

Identify and analyse how institutionsy y• influence sustainable uses of

waterl t titi d fli t• regulate competition and conflicts

• interactAssess performance and identify


Assess performance and identify “success stories”

Niger Basin Focal ProjectWP5: Intervention analysis – Regassa Namara

• Literature surveyLiterature survey• Objective Oriented Project Planning (OOPP)• Workshops & household surveys in 4 sub-units ofWorkshops & household surveys in 4 sub-units of

the Niger Basin• Quantitative decision support tools:Quantitative decision support tools:

• WEAP, PODIUMSIMAssess ex ante specific interventionsAssess ex-ante specific interventions

Identify & recommend interventions


Niger Basin Focal ProjectWP6: Knowledge base – Jean François Boyer

• For both Niger and Volta BFPFor both Niger and Volta BFP• Inventory and centralisation of data• Public access - website and online databasePublic access - website and online database

(English & French)• Connection with IDIS & mirror DB with NBAConnection with IDIS & mirror DB with NBA• GIS layers, Google Earth functionality (audit

underway)u de ay)• Interactive Niger Basin CD-ROM


Niger Basin Focal ProjectDataBase plan

Server BFP Niger Results

Asp Scripts

ArcIms Sites

Html files

IIS

Knowledge Database Management DB


g

Niger Basin Focal ProjectKnowledge DataBase

ColombesColombesColombesColombes

Knowledge DBKnowledge DB

Knowledge DataBaseKnowledge DataBaseKnowledge DataBaseKnowledge DataBase

Chronological seriesChronological series Knowledge dataKnowledge data

Observed or calculated chronological data

SocioSocio--economic Dataeconomic DataInstalling ReportsInstalling Reports

S diS diObserved or calculated chronological data StudiesStudiesModelling resultsModelling results

BibliographiesBibliographiesSpatialized dataSpatialized data


Niger Basin Focal ProjectPhysical Installation

I t t MSEUniversity DMZ

Armspark ColombesIIS

Intranet MSEUniversity DMZ

Firewall

ClientClient


ClientClient Knowledge Database

Niger Basin Focal ProjectBFP Niger Partners

• INERA: Séraphine Kaboré-Sawadogo • IER: Sangaré Datouma Sawadogo

• ARID: Jean-Paul Luc • IRD:

– R063 - Centre d'Economie

g• 2iE: Hama Yacouba• University of Ngaoundéré,

Cameroon: Dr. Gaston LiénouUniversity of Lagos: MayomaR063 Centre d Economie

et d'Ethique pour l'Environnement et le Développement (C3ED): Isabelle Droy

• University of Lagos: Mayoma Fasona

• University of Ouagadougou: Da DapolaIsabelle Droy

– R168 - Dynamiques environnementales entre forêt, agriculture et biodiversité: Georges

• CIRDES Bobo – Dioulasso: Dr. Abdoulaye Gouro

• Confédération paysanne Guinée: Lancény Cherifbiodiversité: Georges

Serpantié, François Molle• CIRAD: PPZS• ILRI/STI: E. Schelling

Guinée: Lancény Cherif• CNSHB Guinée: S. Camara• Paris I: Jérôme Marie• Université d’Artois: T. Yao Brou


g• ISRA: Tamsir Diop

Niger Basin Focal ProjectOutputs and impacts

• Reports & AtlasReports & Atlas• Bilingual version (8,5 countries)• Presentations (13th World Water CongressPresentations (13th World Water Congress,

Montpellier, 1-4 sept 2008)• Academia – policy briefs articles PhD & MScAcademia policy briefs, articles, PhD & MSc

students, capacity building• Website & Online databaseebs te & O e database• NBA, IRD network, WRCU

Identify key opportunities for research, policy


Identify key opportunities for research, policyand interventions to alleviate rural poverty

Niger Basin Focal ProjectTHANK YOU

• For further info:www ird frwww.ird.frwww.g-eau.net

[email protected] Ogilvie@ird [email protected]

[email protected]


Niger Basin Focal Project

Education

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