Nicotine Tobacco Dependence

8/13/2019 Nicotine Tobacco Dependence

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Tobacco dependence

Dr Keli


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The voyage of discovery isnot in seeking new

landscapes, but in having neweyes.

Marcel Proust


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NATIONALLY, TOBACCO KILLS MOREAMERICANS EACH YEAR THAN...

TOBACCO434,000

TOBACCO TOTAL: 487,000

AIDS 31,000

FIRE 4,000

CAR 25,000

HEROIN 2,400HOMICIDE22,000

SUICIDE 31,000

COCAINE 3,300

ALCOHOL 105,000

SECOND-HANDSMOKE53,000

Others TOTAL: 233,700


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Goal #1:Prevent initiation

of the use oftobacco productsamong youth and

youth cessation


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Whats in a Cigarette?

Nicotine.Used in bug spray, insecticide. Tar. Gives cigarettes flavor. The average

smoker inhales about one cup of tar a year. Thetar may stick and stay in the lungs for a longtime.

Formaldehyde. Preserves dead animals. Cyanide.Main ingredient in rat poison. Lead. Found in some kinds of paint. Acetone. Common ingredient in paint and nail

polish remover. Ammonia. Found in many household cleaners. Carbon monoxide. A common pollutant that

escapes from the exhaust in cars.

Hydrazine.Used in jets and rocket fuel.


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Whats in Spit Tobacco

Nicotine

Polonium 210 (nuclear waste)

Radioactive elements Formaldehyde (embalming fluid)

Cancer-causing chemicals


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Goal #2:

Increase cessation oftobacco use amongadults


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Goal #3:Reduce exposure of youth andadults to secondhand smoke


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4,000 chemicals - including cyanide, formaldehyde andarsenic

50 cancer-causing agents

Increases the risk of respiratory infections, heartdisease, and cancer of the lungs, pancreas, kidney,bladder, cervix, breast and brain

Causes approximately 53,000 deaths in the U.S. annually

A portion of childhood respiratory diseases and theirassociated illnesses may be preventable by decreasing oreliminating SHS


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Secondhand Smokeand Children

Coughing Phlegm production Colds Sore throats Sudden Infant Death

Syndrome (SIDS) Ear infections Asthma Bronchitis Pneumonia


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Goal #4:

Increase outreach todisparately affected

populations NACADA


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NICOTINE ADDICTION!!!


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Nicotine Increases pleasure feeling.

Increases motivation. Increases concentration.

Decrease stress and angry feelings.

Is a tool to make awkward social situationsbetter.


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Nicotine Facts

Nicotine has a half life of 20 minutes

Every morning individuals often have minoreffects due to no tobacco all night

Nicotine goes to the lungs first, then hits the

brain in 10 seconds

Acts as a stimulant and a depressant


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NeurotransmittersNicotine interferes with

Dopamine

Serotonin

Norepinephrine

GABAAcetylcholine

Endorphins


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Its All About Quitting?


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Stages of Behavior Change

Pre-contemplation No Contemplation On the Fence

Preparation - Yes Action GO! Maintenance Cruising Regression/Relapse Ugh


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Quit Rates

Quitting without assistance: 3%

Clinician advice to quit: 5-10%

Pharmacological Treatment: 20-25%

Telephone counseling: 20-30%Similar to group counseling


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Benefits of Quitting20 minutes Blood pressure and pulse rate decrease

8 hours Carbon monoxide and oxygen levels in blood return to

normal

1 day The likelihood of a heart attack decreases

2 days Nerve endings regenerate; sense of smell and taste are

enhanced

2 weeks Circulation improves and lung function increases

1 9 months Coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue and shortness of

breath decrease

1 year The likelihood of a heart attack is cut in half

5 years Stroke risk is reduced to the same levels as a non-smoker

10 years Risk of dying from lung cancer is about half that of a

current smoker

15 years Risk of coronary heart disease and death become

roughly equivalent to those who have never smoked


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How Long Does It Take?

Make take several months for body to startmaking chemicals again around 6 months

May feel: Depressed Fidgety Anxious Very aggressive

Lethargic

Easy to relapse during this timeHigh potential for relapse if on other drugs (alcohol)


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What Can You Do?

Be supportive and encouraging

Be patient

Educate

Find out resources i.e. NACADA

Seek out others to helpNever give up on them


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Nicotine dependenceMay respond to replacement therapy gum

/transdermal patches

Bupirion also effective

Clonididne used


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We must be the change wewish to see in the world.

Mahatma Gandhi

Nicotine Tobacco Dependence

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