Nicotine and Tobacco UseNicotine and Tobacco Use

The harmful effects of smokingThe harmful effects of smoking

What’s in a Cigarette?What’s in a Cigarette?

Nicotine- can cause physical or psychological Nicotine- can cause physical or psychological dependence; is the addictive drug in tobacco leaves dependence; is the addictive drug in tobacco leaves

Nicotine is classified as a stimulant, which can Nicotine is classified as a stimulant, which can increase the action of the CNS. increase the action of the CNS.

Carcinogens- cancer-causing substanceCarcinogens- cancer-causing substance Tar- thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco Tar- thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco

burnsburns Carbon monoxide- colorless, odorless, and poisonous Carbon monoxide- colorless, odorless, and poisonous

gas; can be absorbed more easily than oxygengas; can be absorbed more easily than oxygen

Short-term effects of smokingShort-term effects of smoking Respiratory SystemRespiratory System

Harmful particles settle in air passages, causes coughing, shortness of breathHarmful particles settle in air passages, causes coughing, shortness of breath Peripheral Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous System

Decreases the response level of some reflexesDecreases the response level of some reflexes Endocrine SystemEndocrine System

Decreases the levels of the hormone involved in preventing blood clottingDecreases the levels of the hormone involved in preventing blood clotting Decreases release of fluid from pancreas, increase the levels of sugar in bloodDecreases release of fluid from pancreas, increase the levels of sugar in blood

Cardiovascular SystemCardiovascular System Increase in heart rate and blood pressure, increase in volume of blood pumped Increase in heart rate and blood pressure, increase in volume of blood pumped

per beat, increase force of heart contractions, narrows blood vessels in skin, per beat, increase force of heart contractions, narrows blood vessels in skin, narrows veinsnarrows veins

Central Nervous System (CNS)Central Nervous System (CNS) Changes brain wave patterns (addiction, withdrawal)Changes brain wave patterns (addiction, withdrawal)

Long-term effects of smokingLong-term effects of smoking

Chronic bronchitis is repeated tobacco use that Chronic bronchitis is repeated tobacco use that causes damage to the cilia in the bronchi.causes damage to the cilia in the bronchi.

Emphysema destroys the air sacs within the Emphysema destroys the air sacs within the lungs. The air sacs become less elastic and lungs. The air sacs become less elastic and make it difficult to breath. make it difficult to breath.

Lung CancerLung Cancer Coronary heart disease and stroke; decrease Coronary heart disease and stroke; decrease

circulation circulation

Preventing Tobacco UsePreventing Tobacco Use

Choose friends that do not use tobaccoChoose friends that do not use tobacco Avoid situations in which tobacco is being Avoid situations in which tobacco is being

used (think back to ‘saying no’)used (think back to ‘saying no’) Practice and use refusal skillsPractice and use refusal skills

Risks for smokers and non-smokersRisks for smokers and non-smokers

Environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand Environmental tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke)smoke)

Mainstream smoke is the smoke exhaled from Mainstream smoke is the smoke exhaled from the lungs of the smokerthe lungs of the smoker

Side-stream smoke is the smoke from the Side-stream smoke is the smoke from the burning end of a cigaretteburning end of a cigarette

Smokeless TobaccoSmokeless Tobacco

Tobacco that can be taken into the body Tobacco that can be taken into the body through the nose or mouth. through the nose or mouth.

Smokeless tobacco can produce chemicals that Smokeless tobacco can produce chemicals that can be absorbed into the body 3x’s faster than can be absorbed into the body 3x’s faster than a cigarettea cigarette

Leukoplakia- thick, white, leathery-looking Leukoplakia- thick, white, leathery-looking spots in the mouth that can develop into oral spots in the mouth that can develop into oral cancercancer

Nicotine SubstitutesNicotine Substitutes

Manufactured forms of nicotine that deliver Manufactured forms of nicotine that deliver small amounts of the drug into the systemsmall amounts of the drug into the system

Less use of the substitute is needed over timeLess use of the substitute is needed over time Nicotine substitutes comes in many forms: Nicotine substitutes comes in many forms:

gum, patch, nasal spray, prescription pill.gum, patch, nasal spray, prescription pill. Without a substitute a smoker may go through Without a substitute a smoker may go through

withdrawal. withdrawal. List the symptoms of withdrawalList the symptoms of withdrawal

Tips to QuitTips to Quit

Set a date to quit and stick with itSet a date to quit and stick with it Throw all the tobacco products awayThrow all the tobacco products away Decide on the approach you will take to quitDecide on the approach you will take to quit Set short-term and long-term goalsSet short-term and long-term goals Set up a support systemSet up a support system Reward yourself Reward yourself

Benefits of QuittingBenefits of Quitting

Improved cardio- respiratory enduranceImproved cardio- respiratory endurance Breathe easierBreathe easier Reduce the chance of cancer, heart disease, or Reduce the chance of cancer, heart disease, or

strokestroke Freedom from addictionFreedom from addiction Save moneySave money

Changes in the body after quittingChanges in the body after quitting

Heart rate returns to normalHeart rate returns to normal Carbon monoxide levels in blood return to Carbon monoxide levels in blood return to

normalnormal Lung function begins to improveLung function begins to improve Coughing and shortness of breath begin to Coughing and shortness of breath begin to

decreasedecrease Risks of cancer and COPD decreaseRisks of cancer and COPD decrease