Nick Lemon

Master Mariners of

Australia Congress

2011

Fremantle, 7th-8th April

The progress of e-navigation and navigating

with electronic aids

Scope

► IMO‟s implementation of e-navigation

► updates from IMO sub-committees

► IHO data framework workshop

► e-navigation underway conference

► Navigating with new electronic aids (e.g. ECDIS)

► AMSA initiatives

► e-navigation research

Implementation of e-navigation

Background

► The IMO‟s Maritime Safety Committee (MSC) at its 85th session approved a strategy for the development and implementation of e-navigation (agreed at NAV Sub-Committee 54),

► The MSC at its 86th session approved a coordinated approach (joint work plan for the NAV, COMSAR and STW sub-committees) for the period 2009-2012,

► Working Groups (WG) are established at each of these sub-committees, and

► WGs are also being assisted by a Correspondence Group (CG) coordinated by Norway.

IMO Committee Structure

IMO’s Plan for an Implementation Plan

MSC 86 (June 2009) put together a plan to build a plan….

NAV 56 (July 2010)

NAV finalised work on Shipboard user needs, covering the following areas:

► Human machine interface issues

► Familiarisation requirements

► Maritime Safety Information (MSI)

► Alert management

► Improved reliability

► Standardised and automated reporting

► Effective and robust communications

NAV finalised Shore-based user needs:

► Collection of information

► Management of information

► Provision of information about vessels

► Quality assurance

► Shore-to-shore information exchange

► Effective and robust communications

NAV 56 (July 2010)

NAV 56 (July 2010)

NAV endorsed the methodology for carrying out

stakeholders Gap Analysis:

► Technical issues such as hardware, software, equipment,

links, data structures

► Regulations and standards

► Operational issues, such as procedures

► Training and Human Element (or Human Factors)

NAV 56 (July 2010)

Other issues NAV considered:

► Recognised the need to establish procedures and criteria applicable

to the usability assessment of navigation equipment.

► Endorsed the recommendations of COMSAR 14 concerning the

conceptual e-navigation system architecture and agreed to progress

with further development and simplification by the CG.

► Agreed to organise a workshop to review existing and emerging data

structures and frameworks to ensure efficiency and interoperability

with other information systems.

Data framework workshop (Nov 2010)

IHB, Monaco

Organised by the NAV Corro Group (Norway)

Discussed the relevance and best alignment of data frameworks and looked

for answers to three basic questions:

1. Can there be a common data structure to use as a baseline for e-nav?

2. What principles should be used to ensure interoperability?

3. What working relationships should be developed to ensure

harmonisation with other global initiatives?

Recommendations

► IHO‟s S-100 is not only backward compatible with S-57 but also supports a variety of hydrographic-related digital data sources, products and customers. S-100 should be considered as a baseline for an e-navigation common data structure.

► IMO, in consultation with other organisations, should consider establishment of a harmonisation group to deal with interoperability issues and harmonisation with other similar initiatives.

► Common data structure shall be interoperable with existing data structure and relevant international standards that are supporting e-navigation. As the stewards of two important e-navigation domains, IALA and IHO should continue close liaison.


There were then quite a few recommendations, including:

► The concept of “re-use” rather than “re-invent” should be a ground rule.

► Implementation of any domain data structure should be harmonised and

interoperable both technically and across different geographical regions.

► It is very likely that other data structures might have been already

developed within other domains relevant to e-navigation. Owners of

these data structures should cooperate with the harmonisation group to

achieve interoperability, where appropriate.


IMO STW 42 (Jan 2011)

STW 42 discussed a number of training-related issues:

► A possible amendment of the IMO Standard Marine Communication

Phrases (SMCP).

► Two possible e-navigation scenarios - “navigating navigator” and

“monitoring navigator”.

► A need to form a group of experts to clarify issues, direction and

advice concerning the development of training strategies in the short,

medium and longer term.

IMO STW 42 (Jan 2011)

STW 42 discussed a number of training-related issues:

► The idea of an IMO Model Course on e-navigation.

► The issue of standardisation of bridge design.

► The development of standard operating procedures for bridge

equipment.

► The establishment of a common S-mode (“single button”,

“standardised system menu” and “standardised physical interface”)

for navigation screens and displays to be used in an IBS.

E-Nav Underway Conference (Jan/Feb 2011)

Overview

► Jointly organised by the EfficienSea project and IALA.

► Held onboard M/S Crown of Scandinavia.

► Attracted 136 delegates from 21 countries.

► Key issues discussed: e-navigation process, the need for standards

and regulations, the value of test beds, bridge solutions, user needs,

the need for forums etc.

► Live demonstration of EfficienSea e-navigation services on vessel‟s

bridge, including: Meteorological and Oceanographic data on route,

Maritime Safety Information and Route Exchange between vessesls.

There were 19 conference recommendations, some key

ones were:

► Process: e-navigation implementation should be a process of

evolution rather than revolution (increments and iterations).

► Standards/regulation: need to address the IMO, ITU, IEC processes

for dealing with new developments, based on rapidly changing

technology and evolving user needs.

► Test bed approach: Existing standards and data structures should be

used in test beds, in particular S-100 to explore suitability.


Final Report

► Bridge solutions: e-navigation bridge environment should provide

value added applications guided by design principles rather than

regulations, to encourage innovations whilst INS is a possible base

for future development.

► User centric: user-centred design both onboard and ashore whilst

considering operational context, procedures and technology.

► Discussions forums: views expressed by wide range of participants

during can contribute useful information to facilitate the development

and progress of e-navigation.


COMSAR 15 (March 2011)

COMSAR 15 noted different communications user needs:

► Harbour operations

► Operations in coastal and confined or restricted waters

► Transocean voyages

► Offshore operations

► Operations in Arctic, Antarctic and remote areas

COMSAR 15 endorsed Search and Rescue user needs:

► Access to relevant information contained within the “e-

navigation domain”

► Effective communication and information sharing

► Priority for distress communications

► Access to details of all relevant onboard communication

equipment and capabilities


WG agreed that IHO's S-100 data model should be used as a baseline

for creating a framework for data access and information services

under the scope of SOLAS.

WG felt there was a need for an “S” mode functionality in bridge

navigation systems.

WG concluded three areas for further identification/review:

► essential communication needs for safe navigation

► stakeholders and operational areas

► needs of each stakeholder in their operational area


IMO’s development of e-navigationCore strategy

objective

Ref.: MSC 85/26/Add.1/Annex 20

Ref.: NAV 56/20, paragraph 8.46User needs

Outcome of Gap

Analysis

Formal Safety

Assessment

To be adopted

Outcome of risk

analysis

Outcome of cost-

benefit analysis

To be adopted

To be adopted

To be adopted

3. Human Element – a regulator’s perspective

IALA

Navigating with new electronic aids (e.g. ECDIS)

Electronic Chart Display and Information System

► IHO‟s S-100 is “open standards compliant” for the digital code structure

of ENCs used within ECDIS.

► Paves the way for a new generation of ECDIS that can exchange data

with coastal GIS, web-based services and other marine data gateways.

► Introduction of “dynamic tidal contours”, “weather overlays”, “collision

avoidance computations” in ECDIS could provide more effective

decision-support information.

► An e-navigation user need is to better sort and display MSI such as

NAVTEX and SafetyNET more effectively.

► Two possible ways of presenting MSI overlays in ECDIS: code-based

(to interpret and display) and text-based (true broadcast).

Navigating with new electronic aids (e.g. ECDIS)

Electronic Chart Display and Information System

► Review of the IMO ECDIS Model Course in progress.

► AMSA issued Marine Notice 15/2010 and published an ECDIS

Information Sheet – available on AMSA‟s website.

► Australia co-sponsoring with the UK a paper to NAV 57 that addresses

some operating anomalies recently identified within ECDIS.

IMO Carriage of ECDIS

Navigating with new electronic aids (GMDSS)

IMO to review Global Maritime Distress and Safety System

► Clear and compelling need for the modernisation of GMDSS in progress.

► COMSAR Secretariat issued GMDSS Master Plan 30 April 2010.

► COMSAR 14 endorsed „Scoping Exercise‟ for review of GMDSS.

► More intersessional meetings, work by CGs etc is on-going

► Initial modernisation adjustment could be managed by a special

COMSAR modernisation panel functioning much as NAVTEX and

SafetyNET panels presently operate.

Navigating with new electronic aids (GMDSS)

Global Maritime Distress and Safety System

Considerations to modernise GMDSS include:

► Use of alternative satellite systems - Iridium as a replacement for NAVTEX in Arctic areas.

► Use of AIS for distress alerting and messaging – use of AIS as an alternative to the 121.5 Mhz EPIRB Homing Signal.

► Inclusion of AIS, Shipboard Security Alert System (SSAS) and LRIT in the GMDSS.

► Enhancement of safety communications for survival craft.

► Modernisation of GMDSS MSI broadcasting – MSI for Arctic areas, regional satellite system for MSI.

AMSA initiatives

Project: Under Keel Clearance Management System (UKCM)

► Area of operation: Torres Strait (TS)

► Validating the existing safety margin for deep draught vessels transiting

the Strait

► UKCM in TS will operate in three stages: voyage planning, transit

planning and UKCM assisted transit passage

► UKCM uses near real-time met ocean data supplied by AMSA operated

tide gauges, wave/current meter.

AMSA Initiatives

AMSA initiatives

Project: Evaluation of AIS as an Aids to Navigation (AtoN)

3-fold objectives:

► Verification of the ability of the mariner to view and effectively use

real AIS AtoN (benefit to the mariner).

► Identification of benefits and efficiencies to be gained by AMSA as an

AtoN service provider.

► Identification of additional services that could be provided within the

scope of e-navigation.

Two sites chosen: Torres Strait and the Inner Route of GBR

AMSA initiatives

Project: AtoN Meta Data Schema

► AMSA, along with the AHO, the State maritime and port authorities

has been working on a scheme for AtoN meta data.

► AMSA has been looking for opportunities in obtaining a product

specification for this AtoN meta data scheme in the IHO‟s S-100 data

registry.

► It will be helpful in the future if all AtoNs could be modelled as S-100

features so that their content could be transferred to and between

hydrographic offices for updating navigational products with minimum

effort.

e-navigation research

AMC research Initiative

► AMSA co-sponsoring AMC towards 3-year Ph.D research on e-navigation.

► Antonio Di Lieto (Master Mariner and Hydrographer) commenced the research programme this year (Jan 2011).

► Research work will be based on man-machine interaction in the era of e-navigation encompassing two broad domains of human factor and technical elements of e-navigation.

► Besides high probability of significant benefit for the future of marine navigation, AMSA will benefit using the research findings in appropriate forums and international committees.

Thank You

Nick Lemon

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