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Skyline Garden Information Graphics Spread

Plant name: Sweet Corn Scientific name: Zea mays var. rugosa

Plant type: Annual When to plant: May with successive planting

every two weeks

Day to reach maturity: 70-80 days

Plant name: Tomato

Scientific name: Lycopersicon lycopersicumPlant type: Annual

When to plant: May Day to reach maturity: 85-100 days

Plant name: Cherry TomatoScientific name: Lycopersicon lycopersicumPlant type: Annual

When to plant: May Day to reach maturity: 85-100 days

Plant name: Romane LettuceScientific name: Lactuca sativaPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: AprilDay to reach maturity: 45-50 days

Plant name: Carrot

Scientific name: Capsicum annuum

Plant type: AnnualWhen to plant: April then planted again in July

Day to reach maturity: 65-85 days

Plant name: Green/Red Pepper (Bell Boy Hybrid)Scientific name: Capsicum annuumPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: May Day to reach maturity: 100-120 days from seed

Plant name: Green Cabbage (Dynamo)Scientific name: Brassica oleracea var. capitata

Plant type: Annual

When to plant: April Day to reach maturity: 90 to 95 Days

Plant name: CucumberScientific name: Cucumis sativusPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: May-JuneDay to reach maturity: 55-65 days

Plant name: Lettuce (Iceberg)

Scientific name: Lactuca sativaPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: AprilDay to reach maturity: 45-50 days

Plant name: Green BeansScientific name: Phaseolus vulgarisPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: Late MayDay to reach maturity: 65- 80 days

Sky Line Biotanical Gardens • 120 S. Roosevelt Road Chicao, IL 60616 • 312-724-2435 • http:www.skylinebiotanical.com

SKYLINEGARDEN

The Roof Top Garden at the Sky Line Botanical Gardens features various plants and herbs. These herbs and vegetables are all used in various meals in the attached restaurant “The Roof”. The real goal of the garden is to help inform you on the vaious plants and growing methods of a roof top gardening. As you make your way through the garden you will find information on everything you need to know to get started. If you have any question please feel free to ask one of our many gardeners.

As you make your way through out the garden make sure to stop at the various information stations to read about each plant. The plant identification chart below will show you the location of each plant in the garden.

Skyline Garden Map

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Restrooms (first floor)

Telephone (first floor)

Stairs

Information

Plant Identification:

Bell Pepper (red)

Bell Pepper (green)

Carrot

Cabbage

Cherry Tomato

Cucumber

Green Beans

Lettuce

Romane Lettuce

Sweet Corn

Tomato

Be sure to ask any of our on-site gardeners any questions you may have about setting up your own garden, they will be more than happy to help.

Plant name: Green/Red Pepper (Bell Boy Hybrid)Scientific name: Capsicum annuumPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: May Day to reach maturity: 100-120 days from seed

Peppers are a robust midsummer plant that requires higher temperatures than tomatoes and green beans. They grow slowly but can produce ample amounts of vegetables per plant.

Plant name: Green Cabbage (Dynamo)Scientific name: Brassica oleracea var. capitataPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: April Day to reach maturity: 90 to 95 Days

Cabbage is a robust vegetable that does well in sufficiently fertilized soils. Cabbage is relatively easy to grow and can be used in many different ways.

Plant name: Green BeansScientific name: Phaseolus vulgarisPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: Late MayDay to reach maturity: 65- 80 days

The green bean is a warm season vegetables that ranks second in popularity to the tomato for Illinois gardeners. This is because of the relative ease of growth and the amount of vegetables that can be harvested.

Garden Section 2

Plant name: CucumberScientific name: Cucumis sativusPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: May-JuneDay to reach maturity: 55-65 days

Cucumber is a tender, warm seasoned vegetable that produces well in Illinois. They require ample space as cucumber grow rapidly.

Plant name: CarrotScientific name: Capsicum annuumPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: April then planted again in JulyDay to reach maturity: 65-85 days

Carrots are a hardy root plant that does best in cooler temperatures. This is why it is planted twice one in April then again in July. They can endure the summer heat but taste and size will be lacking do to the stress of the temperatures.

Plant name: Lettuce (Iceberg)Scientific name: Lactuca sativaPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: AprilDay to reach maturity: 45-50 days

Lettuce is a hardy vegetable that thrives in cool weather. This is why an early planting date is required. The high temperature will stunt the plants growth. It can also be grown in late summer.

Plant name: Romane LettuceScientific name: Lactuca sativaPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: AprilDay to reach maturity: 45-50 days

Romane lettuce like Iceberg does well in cooler temperatures. Romane can be started indoors and tranplanted to your garden to help spped up the growing process.

Garden Section 3

Plant name: BasilScientific name: Ocimum basilicumPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: SpringDay to reach maturity: 48 days

Strong sweet aroma with medium sized leaves with white flowers.

Plant name: CilantroScientific name: Coriandrum sativumPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: SpringDay to reach maturity: 56 Days

Cilantro is a leafy herb that has bushes of small leaves.

Plant name: DillScientific name: Anethum graceolensPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: SpringDay to reach maturity: 48 Days

Tiny yellow/green flowers in a flattened pattern almost resembling an umbrella.

Plant name: SageScientific name: Salvia argenteaPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: SpringDays to reach maturity: 56 days

Pale pinkish-white flowers in its second season and large silverish leaves.

Herb Garden

Protection Board

The protection board is applied over the waterproofing membrane and serves as the protective barrier during garden construction. The protection board also protects the membrane from damage by garden tools and mechanical equipment. This material should be hard, strong and durable. After the initial installation, it remains in place and becomes an integral part of the completed system. There are several types of protection boards available, including asphalt, felt boards, polyurethane film and polyester. The boards come in sizes from 1/4 inch to 1/8 inch.

Insulation

The inclusion of insulation in rooftop garden design is often dictated by local and national building codes. The main purpose of the insulation is to meet R-value requirements. (R-value is the measure of thermal resistance of a particular material at a particular thickness.) As in conventional roof systems, insulation provides thermal properties that reduce heat loss from the building in winter months and subverts heat from entering the building in the summer, cooling the building.

It must be pointed out that the R-value of the insulation in an inverted system can be significantly reduced over a 20-year period because of the continual presence of moisture in the system. Studies indicate that 2-inch insulation can lose up to 40 percent of its thermal value over a 20-year period when it is continually exposed to moisture. This fact must be accounted for during the design stage.

The Drainage Medium

The third component is the drainage medium. The drainage medium is applied above the waterproofing system and consists of a rot-proof material that allows the water to flow through to the substrate drains. This is a critical component, which must be compatible with the filter fabric and the planting medium. Successful roof drainage systems reduce the blockage of water to the substrate drains and assist in the elimination of excess water on the system.

Substrate Drains

Next come the substrate drains. Rooftop gardens play an integral role in slowing down water run-off from the roof area to a city’s storm-sewer system. This is advantageous in older urban areas where the storm sewer is not up to the capacity of growth in an area. It has been established that the soil in the garden can retain 15 to 20 percent of rainfall for a two to three-month period. Retaining water also aids in the growth and flourishing of the garden plantings.

Membrane

The membrane system must be durable enough to resist the mechanical damage from gardening tools and the penetration of plant roots, and it has to last, without repair or replacement, for the life of the building. It may be advantageous to consider the use of below-grade waterproofing materials, which are typically installed in inverted plaza deck construction, as opposed to roofing materials that are applied in warm roof (insulation over deck) configurations, for these applications.

Soil Bed

The soil bed is as cruicle apart of the garden bed structure as the rest of the materials. First it will act as the medium in which the plants actually grow. It will house the necessary minerals and organism to promote healthy growth. Secondly it will act as a drainage medium. That is why it is important to make sure you do not pack the soil too tighly. This will lead to potenial flooding and lack of water reaching the roots of the plant.

Garden Bed Structure

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2

3

4

5

6

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

The garden bed is really the heart of a roof top garden. Without something to actually grow the vegetables and herbs in, they would not be able to grow at all. We are taking an

organism that is use to growing on the ground and raising it up any where from 1 to 100 stories. The construction of the garden bed itself is relativlety easy, you just have to make

sure that you have all the components. Each component serves its own purpose in making the garden run effectively. You will find each component and its purpose below.

Epidermus

Placenta

Columella

Seeds

Locular Cavity

Pericarp Walll

When to plant:

Transplanting your tomatoes gets them off to the best start and also saves several weeks of growth time. Transplant your tomatoes as soon a the risk of any frost has past. In southern Illinois later plantings can be made for mid to late summer harvest.

Care:

Water the plants thoroughly during long dry periods. Plants also confined to contains such as roof top garden beds need regular watering. Also fertilizers should be added to the soil to help promote strong root growth as well as increase the over all health of the plant.

Harvesting:

The fruit of a tomoato plant can be harvested as soon as they have riped. This is indicated by a orange, red coloring to the fruit. Many gardeners harvest alittle early and let the fruit continue to ripen in their homes.

Nutritional Values

CultivationTomato Anatomy

Plant name: TomatoScientific name: Lycopersicon lycopersicumPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: May Day to reach maturity: 85-100 days

Tomato

Edible part 95%Water 170.10 gProteins 1.58 gLipids 0 gGlucides 7.6 gCarbohydrates 7.06 gFibre 2.2 gEnergy 33 kcalVitamin A (mcg) 2813

Sodium 9 mgPotasium 427 mgIron .49 mgCalcium 44 mgPhospurus 43 mgNiacin 1.069 mgVitamin C 4 mgVitamin E 0.5 mgZinc 0.31 mg

Ripe more than 90 percent of the fruit reached its final coloration; typically it is uniform bright red or orange color; unusually for plants, the ripe tomato fruit accumulates large amount of carotenoid lycopene, as the pattern of gene expression occurring in green fruit during the fruit ripening

Breaker stage rapid chemical and structural changes that determine fruit aroma, color, texture, etc. begin; fruit just started to change coloration; tannish-yellow, pink, or red occupies no more than 10 percent of the surface of the fruit

Flowering a period between floral initiation and production of mature flower; this process takes about 2 weeks; during this period number of carpels and shape of the fruit are determined

Seedling; the seedling can be transplanted to the field 3 to 6 weeks after sowing

Germination: under optimal conditions seed germination (emergence of radicle) takes from 5 to 10 days

5 to 10 days

14 to 21 days

21 to 35 days 21 to 35 days

Tomato Growth Cycle

When to plant:

Sweet corn requires warm soil for germination above 55 degrees farhinite. Early planting of sweet corn should be down after the average frost date has passed. For continuous supply of sweet corn through out the summer,

plant and early variety firast then a medium variety.

Care:

Cultivate shallowly to control weeds. Chemical herbicides are not recommened for home gardens. Although corn is a warm weather crop lack of water at critical growth periods can seriously reduce quality of yield. Make sure to adequately water the crop esspecially durning hot, dry times.

Harvesting:

Each cornstalk should produce at least one large ear. Under good growing conditions many varieties will produce a second ear. The ears should be picked during the “milk stage” wqhen the kernels are not fully mature. This occurs 20 days after the apperence of the first silk strands.

Nutritional Values

CultivationCorn Anatomy Sweet Corn

Edible part 95%Water 91.6 gProteins 1.1 gLipids 0 gGlucides 7.6 gCarbohydrates 10Fibre 3.1 gEnergy 33 kcalVitamin A (mcg) 2813

Sodium 95 mgPotasium 220 mgIron 0.7 mgCalcium 44 mgPhospurus 37 mgNiacin 0.7 mgVitamin C 4 mgVitamin E 0.5 mgZinc 0.2 mg

Plant name: Sweet Corn Scientific name: Zea mays var. rugosaPlant type: Annual When to plant: May with successive planting every two weeksDay to reach maturity: 70-80 days

Whrol

2nd Leaf Blade

Coleoptile

Nodal Roots

Radical

1st Leaf Blade

* Corn plant at 5 weeks

Core

Kernel

GROUND LEVEL

* Full sweet corn anatomy not currently avaiable

Collar

Shoulder or Crown

Phloem

Vascular cambium

Periderm

Lateral Root

Xylem

Tap Root

Lateral Root

Hypocotyl

Stem

Petiole

GROUND LEVEL

When to plant:

Carrot are ussually planted with other tolerant vegetables in mid to late April. They may be planted earlier in gardens that use sandy soil.

The soil should be plowed to a depth of 8 to 9 inches to allow full delevopment of carrot roots, and the seed bed should be worked uniformily to break up clumps that prevent penetration to the roots

Care:

Carrot germenate best in warm, moist soil. Covering the row with clear polyethylene film will help insalte and keep the soil warm, also conserving mositure. Remove this film when the seedlings appear. Carrot seedling are weak and grow slowly while young. It is important to keep weeds down for the first few weeks as they will steal the nutriets from the carrot.

Harvesting:

Carrots can be harvested or pulled when the roots are 1/2” or more in diameter. The carrots should be allowed to grow 60 to 70 days after planting before you harvest.

Edible part 95%Water 91.6 gProteins 1.1 gLipids 0 gGlucides 7.6 gCarbohydrates 10Fibre 3.1 gEnergy 33 kcalVitamin A (mcg) 2813

Nutritional Values

Cultivation Carrot Anatomy

Sodium 9.5 mgPotasium 220 mgIron 0.7 mgCalcium 44 mgPhospurus 37 mgNiacin 0.7 mgVitamin C 4 mgVitamin E 0.5 mgZinc 0.2 mg

Plant name: CarrotScientific name: Capsicum annuumPlant type: AnnualWhen to plant: April then planted again in JulyDay to reach maturity: 65-85 days

Carrot

Skyline Garden Information Graphics Spread

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