Next Generation Cable Networks HFC Technology...
Transcript of Next Generation Cable Networks HFC Technology...
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Maciej MuzalewskiCTO
Next Generation Cable Networks HFC Technology Evolution
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Digital subscribers
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Impact of new services on network capacity growth
Mbit/s
time
4k/8kTV
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Network evolution
Challenge
„Managing exponential High Speed Data Growth and the migration to IP Video will be the biggest MSOs’
challenges in the decade”
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200 Mbps
Max
DS
Per
mitt
ed B
andw
idth
for
Mod
ems
(bps
)
1982 1986 1990 1994 1998
1
10
100
1k
2002 2006
10k
100k
1M
10M
100M
1G
2010Year
2014
10G
100G
2018
The Era ofDOCSIS 3.0
Channel Bonding
12 Mbps
The past 25-years show a constantbandwidth increase of ~1.5x every year...
~85 Gbps?
128 kbps
256 kbps512 kbps
1 Mbps5 Mbps
The Era ofDOCSIS 1.0-2.0
2.4 kbps
300 bps
56 kbps
1.2 kbps
9.6 kbps14.4 kbps
28 kbps33 kbps
The Era ofDial-Up
Modems
50 Mbps
5
2022
Avg
DS
Ban
dwid
th fo
r S
ingl
e M
odem
((b
ps)
1982 1986 1990 1994 1998
1
10
100
1k
2002 2006
10k
100k
1M
10M
100M
1G
2010Year
2014
10G
100G
2018
Assume that DS Tavg is 220 kbps in2010 and grows by 1.5x per year
~731 Mbps?
2022
5 Gbps DS Limit 5 Gbps DS Limit
Max. Data Service Tier Offering Downstream Avg. Downstream Traffic BW per Sub
2026 2030 2026 2030
2022-2023
Next GenFTTH
Downstream Bandwidth Trends
The Era ofDOCSIS 3.1
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Trends and drivers for Next Generation Networks
� Bandwidth growth demand will stay unchanged until „2020 +”. It’ll force cable operators for major technology change within the timeframe of 10 years.
� NGN need to ensure throughput 10Gbps in order to compete with FTTH in more cost effective way.� HFC technology will dominate the cable operators' investments in network upgrades
(Brownfields)
� Greenfield Areas will be implemented in alternative technologies (eg. xPON)
� Operators will increase throughput by using different tools � Network segmentation
� Shift to IP Video � Higher spectral efficiency methods
� Bandsplit changes
� DOCSIS 3.1 !!!
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DOCSIS 3.1 – Technical Objectives
1. Higher capacity (+10Gb/s DS, +1Gb/s US)- Low Density Parity Check FEC
- More effective modulation schemes - Bandwidth extension
- High DS/US frequency split
2. Cost/bit reduction - OFDM modulation in DS and in US
3. Effective migration strategy- Backward compatibility
4. Operation on existing HFC network- Can operate (with limited capacity) with zero network investment
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DOCSIS 3.1 - Speed
1) Source: John Chapman presentation, DOCSIS 3.1 Engineering Symposium, Atlanta, 2013
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DOCSIS 3.1 – So what’s new ?
Improved Physical Layer� OFDM� 24 to 192 MHz bandwidth, windowing, carrier nulling� New QAM constellations – up to 4096-QAM ( 16-k QAM ) � Mixed constellations – 512/1024, 1024/2048, 2048/4096� Multiple Profile Configurations� Time Interleaving – Burst Protection� Frequency Interleaving – Ingress Protection� Continual Pilots - frequency/timing synchronisation� Scattered Pilots - equalisation of channel freq. response, MER� Physical Layer Signaling Channel – in-band, 1 Mb/s data� New FEC – Low Density Parity Check – highest performing codes (8/9)� ….and many more features.
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OFDM
� Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing� Radical departure from single carrier QAM of D3.0 � Quadrature Amplitude Modulation of a set of 4k/8k orthogonal carriers
overlapping in time
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Why OFDM for DOCSIS 3.1 ?
� Hardware efficiency� Tolerance to interference from other signals
• Few carriers impacted ( identified and compensated )
� Spectral efficiency through bit-loading• Subcarrier constellation based on subcarrier MER
� Flexible modulation • Different modullation profiles for different cable modems
� Better spectrum utilization• Carriers up to edge of channel through transmit windows
� Frequency agility • Legacy channels within OFDM by carrier nulling
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DOCSIS 3.1 OFDM Spectrum
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DOCSIS 3.1 to Maximize Network Capacity
512 QAM8/9
~29 dB
2048 QAM8/9
~34 dB
4096 QAM8/9
~37 dB
8192 QAM8/9
~40 dB
16384 QAM8/9
~43 dB
1024 QAM8/9
~32 dB
RecomendedModulation Formats for DOCSIS 3.1
DOCSIS 3.1 to Maximize Network b/s / Hz1) Higher Order Modulation 2) Modern FEC 3) Mul tiple Modulation Profiles 4) Backward Compatibili ty
Source: M.Emmendorfer, ARRIS „The Evolution of Cable Acces Technologies..”, SCTE Cable-Tec EXPO 2013, Atlanta
Euro DOCSIS
DOCSIS
256 QAM ~32dB Lost gain in b/s / Hz
256 QAM ~30dB Lost Gain in b/s / Hz
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Upstream up-grade scenario
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Today1 – step
DOCSIS 3.12 – step
SNR improvement
RF Technology
DOCSIS 2.0 ATDMA
DOCSIS 3.1 OFDMA
DOCSIS 3.1 OFDMA
FEC Reed -Solomon
LDPC LDPC
Modulation Format
64 QAM 512 QAM 4096 QAM
Spectrum Efficiency
6 b/s / Hz 9 b/s / Hz 12 b/s / Hz
Gain in Capacity
100% 150%(+ 50%)
200%( + 33%)
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Milestones for DOCSIS 3.1 implementation
HFC upgradeHFC segmentation 500 -> 250 HP/ONBandsplit 65MHz/1GHzShort amplifier cascades
HFC upgradeHFC segmentation 500 -> 250 HP/ONBandsplit 65MHz/1GHzShort amplifier cascades
2013 2015 2020 2025
Major change >2020
1GHz Downstream becomes to be critical limitation
1.Network upgrade> 1GHz – just N+0
2.Distributed CCAP with full D3.1 spectrum
3.EoC
4.FTTH
Upgrades 2015-2020
Deep network segmentation 250-64HP/ON
Bandsplit 85-200MHz/1GHz,
N+0 ..2 coax architecture
Upgrades 2015-2020
Deep network segmentation 250-64HP/ON
Bandsplit 85-200MHz/1GHz,
N+0 ..2 coax architecture
Source: Cablelabs 2013
DOCSIS 3.1 roadmap
Expanded DS&US
2020+
Deployments in existing
freq.
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Next Generation Cable Access NetworkArchitecture Options
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I-CM
TS
or I-CC
AP
Edge Q
AM
CC
AP
with R
emote
Lower P
HY
M-C
MT
S
RemotePMD
CC
AP
with R
emote
Lower P
HY
CC
AP
M
AC
Core
Rem
ote CC
AP
Rem
oteA
ccess Shelf
M-CCAPPacket Shelf
Rem
ote PH
YRem
oteLow
er PH
YPhysical Medium Dependent (PMD) - DAC
Lower PHYOFDM generation
Upper PHYFEC & Bit Interleave
Data Slice & Frame Builder
DOCSIS Lower MAC
DOCSIS Upper MAC
Downstream DOCSIS Functions Centralized AccessArchitectures Distributed Access Architectures
Source: M.Emmendorfer, ARRIS „The Evolution of Cable Acces Technologies..”, SCTE Cable-Tec EXPO 2013, Atlanta
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Next Gen FTTH Era
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Source: M.Emmendorfer, ARRIS „The Evolution of Cable Acces Technologies..”, SCTE Cable-Tec EXPO 2013, Atlanta
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HFC Network Evolution in Europe
� Network segmentation� More optical nodes deeper in the network (50-150 HP / Node)
� Fiber deep architecture (mainly N+0 or N+1, N+2)
� In the perspective of 2020+ the amount of HE Tx/Rx will increase >5x
� Bandwidth up-grades � Requirements for ≥1GHz / 200 MHz for 10+ years from now
� Again massive up-grades of nodes and amplifiers
� First DOCSIS 3.1 implementations in 2015 � Initially within existing frequency bandwidth
� New requirements when DOCSIS 3.1 subscribers reach critical mass
� In ~2017-2022 we may expect new requirements for US / DS� probably only possible for N+0 architecture
� MSO’s will continue implementation of FTTH / RFoG for new builds � Evolution not the revolution !
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VECTOR’s strategic directions Infrastructure products portfolio
� Short term� Keep current product portfolio competitive
� Mid-term � Continue development of RFoG solutions
� Provide complete and the most competetive optical platform available on the market, to improve network performance and operational cost.
� Introduce return channel solution supporting wide frequency range ≥200MHz and improved network performance
� Long-term� Expand into Distributed Access Architecture technology
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