NewsML™, NITF & NewsCodes The winning triple Michael Steidl IPTC Managing Director ANSA/FIEG...

NewsML™, NITF & NewsCodesThe winning triple

Michael SteidlIPTC Managing Director

ANSA/FIEG meeting19 April 2006, Rome

© 2006 IPTC All rights reserved 2

Who is what

• NewsML 1: News Markup Language for managing and packaging of news– allows versioning of news items: easy tracking of breaking news

= evolving stories.– rich set of management metadata:

publishing status (“usable”, ”embargoed”, “canceled”, …)why updated, links to other news items (like “see also”)

– packaging of news items of different media types (text, photo, …)

• NITF: News Industry Text Format for marking up text news– inline markup of text– structure for semi-layout (e.g. tables)

• NewsCodes: for proper categorisation– Subject NewsCodes with about 1300 terms, in three levels


NewsML™ version 1

How a NewsML instance is built:• Structured content: story package

Top Content Container = the NewsItem


NewsML™ version 1

How a NewsML instance is built:• Structured content: story package

Top Content Container

text / role = interview

ContentComponent


NewsML™ version 1

How a NewsML instance is built :• Structured content: story package



text / role = background


NewsML™ version 1

How a NewsML instance is built :• Structured content: story package



text / role = background

photo / role = pic of person


NewsML™ version 1

How a NewsML instance is built :• Structured content: web page package


text / role = main story


NewsML™ version 1




text / role = tickerline1text / role = tickerline2text / role = tickerline3text / role = tickerline4


NewsML™ version 1




text / role = tickerline1text / role = tickerline2text / role = tickerline3text / role = tickerline4

text / role = sidebar

photorole = pic

text / role=news audio / role = sound


NewsML™ version 1

Versioning: The original version is circulated at 11:32

ANSA

Italy wins world championshipID: abc123 Version: 1

Another news 5

Another news 4

Another news 3

Another news 2

Another news 1



NewsML™ version 1

Versioning: An updated version is circulated at 13:43

ANSA


Another news 9

Another news 8

Another news 7

Another news 6



This is an update



NewsML™ version 1

Summary• NewsML provides a rich, well designed and extensible

set of metadata to enhance routing and selecting.• NewsML allows to manage items:

– each item has a unique identifier– each item has a distinct version

• NewsML allows to package several pieces of content into one item – content of various media types

• NewsML adds value to packaging:– “roles” identify why the content is there– groups of packages enhance the structure


NITF

• Feature “inline mark up”: one can add metadata to portions of the news text:

<p xml:lang="en">The weather was superb today in Norfolk, Virginia. Made me want to take my boat, manufactured by the <org value=“IT123498312" idsrc=“ISIN">Acme Boat Company</org>.</p>

This inline mark up may be used to add linked information to the final rendition: like identifying information about entities (“what company is that exactly?”) or a link to a background story.and to add layout “recommendations” (e.g. emphasised)

NITF

• feature: “structure/layout mark up”<table border="1"><tr><th></th><th colspan="2">today</th><th colspan="2">tide</th><th colspan="2">tomorrow</th><th colspan="2">next day</th><th colspan="2">third day</th></tr><tr><th>beach</th><th>high</th><th>low</th>

….

this sequence of strange looking code translates into a decent table (▼) and into a even more fashionable version on a layout system for newspapers.


NITF

Summary• NITF is a kind of “HTML for all kinds of media” – it

delivers the features of easy web publishing also to the print layout.

• Inline mark up allows to link to reference information and to background information

• Structure mark up allows to convey layout information from the maker of the news to its users.


IPTC metadata codes

• The challenge:“The most effective communication occurs when all

parties involved agree on the meaning of the terms being used.” (Fast ,Leise & Steckel, “Boxes and Arrows”)


IPTC metadata codes

• The challenge:“The most effective communication occurs when all parties involved agree

on the meaning of the terms being used.” (Fast ,Leise & Steckel, “Boxes and Arrows”)

• The solution: IPTC’s controlled vocabularies =• Managed lists of codes (= abstract notations)• with names (in different languages)• with explicit explanations (≈ encyclopaedia) (in different lang.)• each of the 28 for a specific scope• to navigate content


IPTC NewsCodes

The common name for ALL controlled vocabularies maintained by the IPTC is

IPTC NewsCodes

(More info at www.newscodes.org)


IPTC NewsCodes

Currently the IPTC maintains 28 sets of NewsCodes

IPTC NewsCodes break out into groups:


IPTC NewsCodes

What the content is about

– Subject-NewsCodes: ~ 1300 termsat 3 levels

– SubjectQualifier-NewsCodes:men, women, age groups, sports specific qualifiers, …


IPTC NewsCodes

Formal attributes of the content

– Genre-NewsCodes like current, update, wrap-up, background, feature, interview, review …

– Scene-NewsCodes for photos like head-/half-/full-shot, interior/exterior, single/two/group …

– Importance-NewsCodes identifying 6 levels– Location-NewsCodes are location qualifiers from “WorldRegion”

to “Sublocation”


IPTC NewsCodes

Formal attributes of the media data

– Format (mimetype, mediatype)– Encoding– Encoders– Physical Characteristics– Colourspace


IPTC NewsCodes

Codes to manage news exchange

– (news) Provider-NewsCodes – already registered with the IPTC?

– Status-NewsCodes (usable, embargoed …)– Priority-NewsCodes (9 levels)– Urgency-NewsCodes (9 levels)– Of interest to-NewsCodes identifying groups of the audience the

content is aimed at– Relevance-NewsCodes identifying journalistic relevance– Role-NewsCodes to provide semantics to news package

components (NewsML!)


IPTC NewsCodes

In depth …

IPTC’s huge taxonomy to describe content

The Subject NewsCodes


IPTC NewsCodes


• Three level tree structure• ~ 1300 terms in total• 17 top level Subjects (Broadest term) for

art, crime/law, disaster, economy/business, education, environment, health, human interest, labour, lifestyle, politics, religion, science/technology, social issues, sports, unrest/war, weather

• ~ 350 intermediate level terms (Narrow term, NT)• ~ 900 third (= lowest) level terms (most NT)


IPTC NewsCodes


Term structure: each term has …• a Code: 8 digits (e.g. 170010009)• a Name: language specific string

(e.g: weather/forecast or Meteorología/Pronósticos)• an Explanation: short text describing the concept of this Subject-

NewsCode• term management data (versioning)


IPTC NewsCodes


Where to apply …Explicit tags are provided by:

• NITF• NewsML• IIM (aka “IPTC Headers” for images)• “IPTC Core” Scheme for XMP (for Adobe CS products)


IPTC NewsCodes


How to apply …• manually by editors (pick lists)• automatically by categorization engines• “mixed mode”: suggested by categorizer, changed/approved by

editor


IPTC NewsCodes

A Subject NewsCodes example:

“IPTC gave a presentation about their news technology at an ANSA/FIEG meeting in Rome”would e.g. resolve to:– 13022000 (Technology/IT)– 04003000 (Economy/Computing and IT)– 04010004 (Economy/Media/News agency)


IPTC NewsCodes


You are in control:you can make your own subset

• select the Subject Codes you want to use for your agency• select sets of Subject Codes for the various desks in your agency

(e.g. economy, sports …)


IPTC NewsCodes


Additional refinement: Qualifiers– primarily used for sports– adds facets to the content like men/women, individual/team,

indoor/outdoor …


Thank you for your time

www.iptc.org

NewsML™, NITF & NewsCodes The winning triple Michael Steidl IPTC Managing Director ANSA/FIEG...

Documents

Transcript of NewsML™, NITF & NewsCodes The winning triple Michael Steidl IPTC Managing Director ANSA/FIEG...